2021届黑龙江省哈尔滨高三1月线上学习阶段性考试英语试题(解析版)

哈三中2020-2021学年度高三年级线上学习阶段性考试英语试题（时间：120分钟满分：150分）第一部分：阅读理解（共两小节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ATop4CollegesWhoseGraduatesEarntheMostMoneyWhosayscollegeisn’tworthit?Graduatesofeachofthese4smallcollegescanlookforwardtocashinginwhentheyhitthejobmarket.AmherstCollege:Amherst,MassachusettsAverageearnings:$82,000Harvardmaybethemoreselectiveandwell-knownuniversityinthestate,butit’sAmherstCollege’sgraduateswhoarepullinginthesalary.It’sknownasoneofthe“LittleIvies”.DespiteAmherst’stinysize(2,000undergraduatesintotal),itsalumni(校友)networkiswell-connectedandinvolvedwiththestudentbody,whichhelpsexplainwhygraduatesgettopjobopportunities.LafayetteCollege:Easton,PennsylvaniaAverageearnings:$81,000AnotherLittleIvy,LafayetteCollegegraduatesaboutthesamenumberofstudentsasAmhersteachyear.ThosegraduatesmakenearlyasmuchasAmherstgraduatesbasedonZippia’sresearch.It’sentirelypossiblethatLafayette’ssuccessingettingitsgraduatesgoodjobsisthatit’soneofthefewliberalarts(文科)collegesofitssizethatalsoofferitsstudentsengineeringdegrees.HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing:NewYork,NYAverageearnings:$79,300Nursesareinveryhighdemand,accordingtoIndeed,andthatdemandisexpectedtoremainstrong.Thiscontributestothehighpayofferedtothisnursingschool’sgraduates.SodoesitslocationinNewYorkCity,wheresalaries(andthecostofliving)arehigher.BatesCollege:Lewiston,MaineAverageearnings:$75,700Anothersmallliberalartscollege—andLittleIvy—Batesoffers,amongotherthings,asmallteacher-to-studentrate.ItisalsonotedthatBateshasoneofthemostbeautifulcampusesaround,helpingdrawahighlydrivenstudentbody.1.WhatmakesgraduatesfromAmherstCollegegetgoodjobs?A.Schoollocation. B.Helpfromschoolmates.C.Tinysizeofthecollege. D.Schoolrecommendation.2.WhycancollegegraduatesfromHeleneFuldCollegeofNursinggethighpay?A.Theyhavetopayhightuitionfees. B.Theyneedhighlivingcosts.C.Nursesaregreatlyrespected. D.Nursesareingreatneed.3.WhatdoLafayetteCollegeandBatesCollegehaveincommon?A.Similarearnings. B.Beautifulcampuses.C.Thesametypeofcollege. D.Thesamenumberofstudents.4.Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassageinanewspaper?A.Fashion&Entertainment. B.Military&Science.C.Education&Culture. D.Food&Nutrition.【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了毕业生收入最高的四所大学。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AmherstCollege:Amherst,Massachusetts中最后一句话“DespiteAmherst’stinysize(2,000undergraduatesintotal),itsalumni(校友)networkiswell-connectedandinvolvedwiththestudentbody,whichhelpsexplainwhygraduatesgettopjobopportunities.(尽管AmherstCollege规模很小(总共有2000名本科生)，但它的校友网络联系密切，与学生群体密切相关，这有助于解释为什么毕业生能得到最好的工作机会。)”可知，因为AmherstCollege校友的帮助使得AmherstCollege的毕业生能找到好的工作。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing:NewYork,NY中前两句话“Nursesareinveryhighdemand,accordingtoIndeed,andthatdemandisexpectedtoremainstrong.Thiscontributestothehighpayofferedtothisnursingschool’sgraduates.(Indeed称，护士的需求非常高，而且预计需求将保持强劲。这使这所护理学校的毕业生获得了高薪。)”可知，因为护士的需要量大，这使HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing的毕业生能得到高薪。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LafayetteCollege:Easton,Pennsylvania中第一句“AnotherLittleIvy,LafayetteCollegegraduatesaboutthesamenumberofstudentsasAmhersteachyear.(另一个小常春藤学校，LafayetteCollege每年的毕业生人数与Amherst相当。)和BatesCollege:Lewiston,Maine中“Anothersmallliberalartscollege—andLittleIvy—Batesoffers,amongotherthings,asmallteacher-to-studentrate.(另一所小型的文理学院，也是一所小常春藤学校，除了其它外，Bates大学提供了极低的师生比率。)可知，LafayetteCollege和BatesCollege都是小常春藤学校，学校类型是一样的。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Top4CollegesWhoseGraduatesEarntheMostMoney(毕业生收入最高的四所大学)”可知，本文介绍了毕业生收入最高的四所大学；由此可知，最有可能在报纸的教育和文化专栏发现这篇文章。故选C。BApileofshoesonafrontporch(门廊)isn’tanythingoutoftheordinaryformosthouseholds,butforHeatherDuckworthitheldaspecialmeaningduringhersons’18thsummer.Themom,whohasan11-year-olddaughter,18-year-oldtwinsons,anda20-year-oldson,wroteaheartfeltpostaboutseeingapileofshoesoutsideherdoorandallthatitrepresents,“TheseshoesmeanthatIhaveahousefullofkids,mostlyteenagers,intheirsummerholiday.Theseshoesmeanthereisprobablynofoodleftinmyhouse.Theseshoesmeannoiseandmessbutlaughterandmusicaswell.”WhenDuckworthreturnedfromworkandsawtheshoesrecently,theybroughtonawaveofsadnessbecausesherealizedthatthingswerechanging.Mostofthekidswhoweartheshoeshavejustgraduatedfromhighschoolandsherealizesthattimeispreciousinher18thsummerwithhersons.Shecontinuesthatsheknowsseeingtheshoesinthehousemeansthatthekidsaresafe,butsoonalltheshoeswillbe“spreadacrosscollegecampuses”andsheknows“alloftheseshoesmightnotfindtheirwaybackhomenextsummeraslifetakesthemonnewadventures.”Thetimemightbebittersweet,butDuckworthwantstofocusoncreatinghappymemoriesratherthanfocusingonthesadnessthatcouldcome.Sheisgoingtobethankfulfortheshoesandenjoyeverymomentwiththekids.Thesentimentalpostgeneratedamassiveamountofinterestwithitbeingsharedover88,000timesinaweekandreceiving14,000comments.Duckworthwastouchedbythecommentsandhowthestoryresonated(共鸣)withsomany.Sheresponds,“WhatagiftyouallhavegivenmeinknowingthatIamnotaloneinfeelingthisway.Motherhoodishard,butweareallinthistogether!”5.WhatdotheshoesmainlymeanforHeatherDuckworth?A.Themessybuthappylife. B.Thetiringanddisorderlyfamily.C.Theendlessandhardhousework. D.Alotofhouseholdresponsibility.6.WhatchangewillhappentoHeatherDuckworth?A.Shewillbetrappedinafinancialcrisis. B.Someofherchildrenwillleaveher.C.Thekidswillnotbesafeanylonger. D.Herchildrenwon’tloveherasbefore.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutthecommentsonHeatherDuckworth’spost?A.Theyaremademainlybymothers.B.Mostreadersdisagreewithheropinionatall.C.Manymothershavethesameexperienceashers.D.Manypeopleareinterestedinplacingshoesproperly.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHotPostforGifts B.LiveMoreHappilyC.TheHardMotherhood D.TheChildren’sShoes【答案】5.A6.B7.C8.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了HeatherDuckworth作为四个孩子的母亲发表了一篇感性的帖子，她感慨于门前堆放的孩子们凌乱的鞋子带来的幸福感，尽管总有一天鞋子的主人会长大并且离开她，但她仍心存感激，享受和孩子们在一起的每一刻。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“…Theseshoesmeannoiseandmessbutlaughterandmusicaswell.(这些鞋子意味着噪音和混乱，但也意味着笑声和音乐。)”可知，对HeatherDuckworth来说，这些鞋子意味着凌乱但幸福的生活，故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“…butsoonalltheshoeswillbe“spreadacrosscollegecampuses”andsheknows“alloftheseshoesmightnotfindtheirwaybackhomenextsummeraslifetakesthemonnewadventures.”(但很快，这些鞋子就将“遍布大学校园”了。她知道“这些鞋子明年夏天可能不会找到回家的路，因为生活将带着它们经历新的冒险了”)”可推知，她知道她的几个孩子长大了，就要离开她了，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thesentimentalpostgeneratedamassiveamountofinterest….Duckworthwastouchedbythecommentsandhowthestoryresonated(共鸣)withsomany.(这条充满感情的帖子引起了极大的兴趣，……。Duckworth被这些评论和故事引起的共鸣所感动)”和“WhatagiftyouallhavegivenmeinknowingthatIamnotaloneinfeelingthisway.(你们给了我多好的礼物啊，让我知道我不是唯一有这种感觉的人)”可推知，很多母亲都有和她一样的经历，这让她们产生了共鸣，故选C。【8题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了HeatherDuckworth发表了一篇关于孩子们的鞋子的帖子，引起了人们的极大关注，纷纷分享和评论，所以选项D.TheChildrensShoes(孩子们的鞋子)作为本文标题符合主旨，故选D。CBradleyMcConachie,a33-year-oldAustralianisactuallyastudentininternationalrelationscompletinghisPhDthroughGriffithUniversity.HecametoBeijingforacooperativeresearchatBeijingUniversitytwoyearsago.Suchanacademiclifewascolorfulwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,“I’minChina”.Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“likes”forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer.Allthewinners’experienceswerefilmedtoproducearealityshow,MyChineseWorkingDay,whichwillbebroadcastbymid-September.BradleywaschosentoworkasarecreationalmanagerforaChinesewedding.Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites”andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowtoincorporatemodernChinesefeatureswhilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms.“Iwouldhavetosaytwothingsstickoutasthemostmemorable:thehelicopterrideandtalkingwiththestaffatthehotelabouthowtheyorganizeweddingshereinChina,”hesaid.ThatwasBradley’sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning”viewofthecoastline.“IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferentlandscapesChinahastooffer.IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.Itwasnicetoexperiencetheselittletouches.Iwashappytobeapartofthatexperience!”Bradleysaid.9.WhatmadeBradley’slifemorecolorful?A.ObtaininghisPhD.B.Theculturalexchangesproject.C.TheresearchaboutBeijingUniversity.D.Theinterestininternationalrelations.10.WhywasBradleygiventhechance?A.Heproducedtherealityshow. B.HislifeinChinawasinteresting.C.Hewasoneofthetop20winners. D.Helikedphotostoriesmost.11.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“stunning”inParagraph4?A.Fantastic. B.Confusing. C.Plain. D.Extreme.12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sdifficulttoproducemovingTVseries.B.BeijingandShanghaiarehistoricalsites.C.Bradleywasimpressedbytheviewofthecoastline.D.ManyAustraliansknowlittleaboutChina.【答案】9.B10.C11.A12.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布拉德利来到北京大学进行合作研究，他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最多的“赞”，并成为今年夏天该项目20个有参观景点机会的获奖者之一。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Suchanacademiclifewascolorfulwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,“I’minChina”.(在“我在中国”文化交流项目的帮助下，这样的学术生活变得更加丰富多彩。)”可知是文化交流项目让布拉德利的生活更加丰富多彩。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“likes”forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer.(布拉德利很幸运，他的关于他在中国生活的照片故事获得了最多的“赞”，并成为今年夏天参观该项目景点的20名获奖者之一。)”可知给布拉德利这个机会是因为他是前20名优胜者之一。故选C。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的第二句“Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites”andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowtoincorporatemodernChinesefeatureswhilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms.(电影摄制组带他们去了许多“神奇的景点”，度假村的工作人员教他们很多如何在保持传统习俗的同时融入现代中国特色。)”和第四段最后一句“ThatwasBradley’sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning”viewofthecoastline.(那是布拉德利第一次坐直升机，他完全被海岸线的“迷人”景色吸引住了。)”可知划线词的意思与第三段中的“amazingsites”部分对应，意思是“惊人的”，结合选项：A.Fantastic不可思议的；B.Confusing令人困惑的；C.Plain痛苦的；D.Extreme极端的。故选A。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.(我想很多澳大利亚人，当他们想到中国的时候，会想到北京的历史古迹和上海令人兴奋的东西，但是却不知道其他美丽的地方，比如三亚或者这部电视剧中人们去过的许多其他地方。)”由此可推知，许多澳大利亚人对中国的很多地方还不太了解，知之甚少。故选D。DSomepeopleliketolistentotheBeatles,whileotherspreferGregorianchants.Whenitcomestomusic,scientistsfindthatnurture(培养)canoverpowernature.Astudyshowsmusicalpreferencesseemtobemainlyshapedbyaperson’sculturalupbringingandexperiencesratherthanbiologicalfactors.“Ourresultsshowthatthereisaprofoundculturaldifferenceinthewaypeoplerespondtoconsonant(和谐的)anddissonant(不和谐的)sounds,andthissuggeststhatotherculturesheartheworlddifferently,”saysJoshMcDermott,ascientistinCambridge.Somescientistsbelievethatthewaypeoplerespondtomusichasabiologicalbasisandthatthiswouldoverpoweranyculturalshapingofmusicalpreferences,effectivelymakingthemauniversalphenomenon.Somemusicians,bycontrast,thinkthatsuchpreferencesaremoreaproductofone’sculture.Ifaperson’supbringingshapestheirpreferences,thentheyarenotauniversalphenomenon.Thetricktoworkingoutwheremusicalpreferencescomefromwastofindandtestpeoplewhohadn’thadmuchcontactwithWesternmusic.McDermottandhisteamtravelledbyaeroplane,carandcanoe(独木舟)toreachtheremotevillagesoftheTsimanepeople,whoarelargelyisolatedfromWesternculture.Intheirexperiments,McDermottandhiscolleaguesinvestigatedresponsestoWesternmusicbyplayingcombinationsofnotestothreegroupsofpeople:theTsimaneandtwoothergroupsofBoliviansthathadexperiencedincreasinglevelsofexposuretoWesternmusic.Theresearchersrecordedwhethereachgroupregardedthenotesaspleasantorunpleasant.TheTsimanearejustasgoodatmakingacoustic(声响的)distinctionsasthegroupswithmoreexperienceofothertypesofmusic,thescientistsfind.Mostpeoplepreferconsonanttones,buttheTsimanehavenopreferencebetweenthem.“Thisprettyconvincinglyrulesoutthatthepreferencesarethingswe’rebornwith,”McDermottargues.“Cultureplaysarole.Welikethemusicwegrewupwith,”agreesDalePurves,ascientistatDukeUniversity.“Natureversusnurtureisalwaysafool’serrand.It’salmostalwaysacombination,”headds.13.WhydoestheauthormentionBeatlesinthefirstparagraph?A.Tocomparepeople’spreferencesformusic.B.Tostresstheimportanceofmusic.C.Tointroducethetopictobediscussed.D.Toencouragereaderstolistentotheirmusic.14.McDermottwouldmostprobablyagreethat________.A.people’smusicpreferenceisauniversalphenomenonB.ChineseandJapanesehavedifferentmusicpreferencesC.thewaypeoplerespondtomusicisbiologicallydecidedD.parentshavenothingtodowithchildren’smusicpreference15.WhatdoweknowabouttheTsimaneintheexperiment?ATheypreferconsonanttones.B.Theyarebornwithexcellentmusictalent.C.Theydowellintellingacousticdistinctions.D.TheyhaveneverhadcontactwithWesternmusic.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afool’serrand”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Somethingmeaningless. B.Somethingsignificant.C.Somethingreliable. D.Somethingsensitive.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，人们对音乐的偏好是先天与后天培养的结合。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“SomepeopleliketolistentotheBeatles,whileotherspreferGregorianchants.Whenitcomestomusic,scientistsfindthatnurture(培养)canoverpowernature.(有些人喜欢听披头士的歌，而另一些人则喜欢格里高利圣歌。在音乐方面，科学家们发现，后天培养可以战胜天性)”可知，作者在第一段提到了甲壳虫乐队来介绍要讨论的话题，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ourresultsshowthatthereisaprofoundculturaldifferenceinthewaypeoplerespondtoconsonant(和谐的)anddissonant(不和谐的)sounds,andthissuggeststhatotherculturesheartheworlddifferently,(我们的研究结果表明，人们对和谐音和不和谐音的反应存在着深刻的文化差异，这表明不同文化对世界的看法是不同的)”可知，McDermott很可能同意中国人和日本人有不同的音乐偏好这一观点，故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheTsimanearejustasgoodatmakingacoustic(声响的)distinctionsasthegroupswithmoreexperienceofothertypesofmusic,thescientistsfind.(科学家们发现，Tsimane人与其他类型音乐经验丰富的人一样，擅长区分声音。)”可知，Tsimane人能很好地分辨声音的差别，故选C。【16题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“It’salmostalwaysacombination(它几乎总是混在一起的)”可知，拿“先天”与“后天”作对比是一件“毫无意义”的事情，划线的短语afoolserrand与选项A.Somethingmeaningless(毫无意义的事情)意思相同，故选A。EAsanewageofgeneticresearchdrawsnear,soon,wemaybeabletochoosethehaircolor,buildtheIQofouroffspring.Shouldwechangeembryos(胚胎)toimproveintelligenceorphysicalcharacteristics?Abeautyeditorbelievesitwillbedifficulttostopthedemandfor“designerbabies”oncethetechnologyisinplace.“Oncegeneticscientistscanchangeembryostoproducemorebeautifulchildren,therewillbeconsumerdemand,”shesays.Sheacknowledgesthatfashionmagazinesmaybepartlyresponsibleforfuelingthisdiscontentwithacertainkindofappearance,butclaimsonecannotblamethemediaaloneifpeoplebelieveabitofplasticsurgery(整形手术)willtransformtheirlives.“Likeitornot,”sheargues,“weknowthattheprettyapplicantgetsthejobandthebest-lookingactorgetsthepart.”Well-knownplasticsurgeonsagreewiththisview.“Peoplearelookingforrespectandself-confidenceinadog-eat-dogworldthatmeasuresusbyourappearance,”onespecialistclaims.“Iunderstandtheiranxietyandofferasolution—cosmeticenhancement(整容美化).Thenextlogicalstep,medicallyspeaking,isgeneticenhancement,whichwouldendow(赋予)theunbornchildwithsimilarphysicaladvantages.”Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).Asoneofthemputit,“Whatparentdoesn’twishforabeautiful,healthybaby?Whyisitmorallyunacceptabletousetechnologytograntthatwish?Moreover,achilddesignedtohavehighintelligenceorsportingabilitywouldhardlyhavegroundsforcomplaint.”However,manypeoplearedeeplydisturbedbytheideaofembryoenhancement.Somefearitwillleadtoareductioningeneticdifferences,resultinginalackoftolerancefordiversityanddisability.“AndwhoistosaythatthisfuturegenerationofBarbieswillbecontent?”asksthebeautyeditor.Inherexperience,peoplewhopursuephysicalperfectionthroughplasticsurgeryaren’tnecessarilysatisfied.Theymaysufferunwantedsideeffects—insecurityandincreasingdissatisfactionwiththeirself-image.Whatifthesubjectsofgeneticintervention,ortheirparents,weretofeelsimilarlydissatisfied?17Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thisview”inParagraph3referto?A.Peopleareoftenjudgedbytheirlooks.B.Cosmeticsurgeryreducespeople’slives.C.Themediamakepeopleworryabouttheirlooks.D.Peopleprefergeneticenhancementtoplasticsurgery.18.Whatistheattitudeofthephilosophertogeneticenhancement?A.Ambiguous. B.Disapproving.C.Agreeable. D.Cautious.19.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatfeelingofdoubtdoesthebeautyeditorhaveaboutgeneticenhancement?A.Thosewhoreceiveitmaynotliketheresults.B.ItwillmakefuturegenerationslooklikeBarbies.C.Themoneyitrequiresshouldbespentongeneralmedicalcare.D.Itwillraisethestandardsofphysicalbeautytounattainablelevels.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofgeneticenhancement.B.Thedevelopmentofgeneticenhancement.C.Thepromisingfutureofgeneticenhancement.D.People’sdifferentperspectivesongeneticenhancement.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论人们对美化基因的不同观点。【17题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Peoplearelookingforrespectandself-confidenceinadog-eat-dogworldthatmeasuresusbyourappearance（在一个以貌取人的世界里，人们在寻求尊重和自信）”可知，thisview指的是人们经常被评论外貌，故选A项。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).（一些哲学家也赞同基因介入）”可知，哲学家对基因美化持赞同的态度，故选C项。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““AndwhoistosaythatthisfuturegenerationofBarbieswillbecontent?”asksthebeautyeditor.Inherexperience,peoplewhopursuephysicalperfectionthroughplasticsurgeryaren’tnecessarilysatisfied.（美容编辑问：谁能说将来这代的芭比娃娃会满意？在她的经历中，那些追求完美身体的人在经过整形手术后不一定会满意）”可知，美容编辑担心接受基因美化的人可能对结果不满意，不喜欢，故选A项。【20题详解】文章大意题。根据第二段“Abeautyeditorbelievesitwillbedifficulttostopthedemandfor“designerbabies”oncethetechnologyisinplace.（一个美容编辑相信一旦科技准备就绪，那么停止人们设计婴儿将是很难的）”及第四段“Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).（一些哲学家也赞同基因介入）”及最后一段“However,manypeoplearedeeplydisturbedbytheideaofembryoenhancement.（然而许多人对胚胎美化这个想法很不安）”可知，文章主要介绍人们对美化基因的不同观点，故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBreaktheAnxietyCyclePeoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.It’stheclassicdynamicofanxiety:___21___,oursymptomstendtoincrease,andinturnthisdrivestheanxietyupandmakesthethingswe’reafraidofscarier.Herearesometechniquesonhowtoslowlyovercomethismentalhealthchallenge.___22___.Wordshavepower.Forexample,saying“Iampanickedaboutgoingtothispartytonight”willputyouinamorenegativestateofmindcomparedtosaying“I’dpreferifIdidn’thavetogotothisparty.”Startbyputtingyourwordstothepositiveandtoapointwhereyoustillfeelitresonates（共鸣）.Letgoofperfectionism.Peoplewithsocialanxietyfeelasiftheyarewalkingonasocialtightrope.___23___.Wehaveunrealistichighstandardswherewethinkwemustbecool,positive,andwittywhilecarryingtheentireconversation—it’stoomuch.Andkeepinmindthatyouarenotexpectedtobesomeoneyou’renotinordertogetpeopletolikeyou.Makesmallgestures.Insteadof“jumpingoffacliff”andwalkingstraightintoasituationthatmakesyouanxious,startbecomingmoreexpressiveinsituationsthatyoufeelarelessthreatening.___24___,saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.Shiftyourawareness.Ourattentionislikeaspotlightandwechoosewheretopointit.Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethecommentaryofourinnercritic.___25___.A.ChooseyourwordscarefullyB.PayattentiontoyourhealthconditionC.Forexample,askastrangerfordirectionsD.Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidofE.IfthethingsreducefeelingsofsocialanxietyF.It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectlyG.Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou【答案】21.D22.A23.F24.C25.G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述一些克服心理挑战的技巧，让患有焦虑症的人打破焦虑循环。【21题详解】根据上文Peoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.患有焦虑的人往往被困在一个持续的回避循环中，由此可推断出我们越回避，症状应该是增加的，故D选项Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidof当我们回避我们害怕的事情时，符合语境，故选D。【22题详解】根据下文说Wordshavepower.语言有力量，可推断上文是要讲语言方面的，A选项Chooseyourwordscarefully仔细选择你的言语，切题，故选A。【23题详解】根据文章中心标题Letgoofperfectionism.放下完美主义。F选项It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectly这是我们需要完美表现的想法，符合段落中心，切题，故选F。【24题详解】根据下文saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.向你很少说话的邻居说早上好，或者告诉你的发型师你要做的确切形象，而不是同意他们的建议，可知这些都是你做些小手势的例子，因此C选项Forexample,askastrangerfordirections例如，向陌生人询问方向，符合语境，故选C。【25题详解】根据上文Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethecommentaryofourinnercritic.那些有社交焦虑的人倾向于指出聚光灯是内在的，并陈述我们内心批评者的评论，可推断下文是就这一问题的解决方法，G选项Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou专注于你周围发生的事情，而不是你内心的事情，切题，故选G。第二部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节：完型填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EventhoughI’velivedinWalnutCreekforfouryears,Idon’tknowmanyofmyneighbours.Now,duringthemask-wearing,stay-insideweeksofthepandemic(大流行病),itwouldbegreattohaveasocially-distanced____26____withaneighbor,buthowwouldI____27____meetanyofthem?Anyway,atleastIhadmycatJuniorfor____28____.Lastweek,Junior____29____throughtheopenwindowwhileIwascleaningthewindowsill(窗台)butIdidn’tthinktoomuchofit,____30____heissometimesgoneforanhourortwobeforehe____31____thewindowtolethimbackin.Butthistime,ithadbeenalmostawholedayandJuniorhadn’tcomeback.Thatnever____32____.Ikeptworryinghemight____33____todeath.Icookedand____34____achickenbreastandputitonthewindowsill.Juniorwouldneverbeableto____35____aspecialtreatlikethat.Butwhenhereturnedwithmorethan25hoursgone,he____36____overtheplateofchicken,____37____itcompletely.Thenextmorningthechickenstillsatontheplate,____38____.Ohno,washesick?Iwas____39____whentherewasaknockatmydoor.Iopenedittoseeafamiliar-lookingwoman,____40____andstandingsixfeetback.“I’mfromApartment4334,”shesaid.“YourcatwasoutsidemeowingandIthoughtyoumightbetoo____41____tofeedhim,soIchoppedupsomefishsticksandhe____42____themdown.Ijustcamebytoseeifyouneedanything.”Ithankedheralotforher____43____.Howwonderfulitwastomeetsuchaneighbor,becauseshewaskindenoughtothinkaboutus.Nevertheless,I’mgoingtokeepJunioronlockdown.Ican’thavehimgetting____44____becauseofmygenerousand____45____neighbor!26.A.rest B.chat C.chance D.discussion27.A.fairly B.simply C.regularly D.possibly28.A.compromise B.safety C.encouragement D.company29.A.escaped B.stared C.flew D.moved30.A.when B.unless C.since D.though31.A.taps B.smells C.breaks D.licks32.A.happened B.appeared C.remained D.left33.A.bleed B.frighten C.freeze D.starve34.A.boiled B.sliced C.prepared D.bought35.A.accept B.resist C.stand D.receive36.A.kicked B.looked C.jumped D.knocked37.A.refusing B.ruining C.spoiling D.ignoring38.A.unnoticeable B.untouched C.unpaid D.unrecognizable39.A.worried B.inspired C.puzzled D.annoyed40.A.coated B.hatted C.masked D.grey-haired41.A.busy B.tired C.anxious D.careless42.A.put B.washed C.wolfed D.turned43.A.proposal B.courage C.kindness D.comfort44.A.lost B.wild C.noble D.fat45.A.honest B.thoughtful C.brave D.cautious【答案】26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.A32.A33.D34.B35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.C41.A42.C43.C44.D45.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了我十分感谢我的邻居，因为在我的猫跑出去之后，友善的邻居给猫喂食的故事。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，在这段要求带口罩，居家的流行病期间，和邻居进行一场保持社交距离的谈话该多棒啊。A.rest休息；B.chat闲聊；C.chance机会；D.discussion讨论。由下文“buthowwouldI2meetanyofthem?”可知，作者想要见到邻居，故推测作者认为在居家期间跟邻居闲聊是一个不错的体验。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我怎么可能见到他们呢？A.fairly一定地；B.simply简单地；C.regularly有规律地；D.possibly可能。由上文“stay-inside”可知，在流行病期间，要求居家，所以是不可能见到邻居。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，至少我有我的宠物猫Junior陪伴。A.compromise妥协；B.safety安全；C.encouragement鼓励；D.company陪伴。由上文“buthowwouldI2meetanyofthem?”可知现在难以见到邻居，故此处意为至少我还有猫作伴。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，我在清理窗台的时候，Junior从开着的窗户跑出去了，但是我没太在意。A.escaped逃跑；B.stared盯着看；C.flew飞；D.moved移动。由下文“heissometimesgoneforanhourortwobefore”Junior是从窗户那儿跑出去了。故选A。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为它有时候跑出去一两个小时后会敲窗户，然后我会让它进来。A.when当······时候；B.unless除非；C.since因为；D.though尽管。由上文“butIdidn’tthinktoomuchofit,”可知作者看到猫跑出去没有在意，因此推知“因为”它之前跑出去过。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为它有时候跑出去一两个小时后会敲窗户，然后我会让它进来。A.taps轻敲；B.smells闻起来；C.breaks（使）破，裂，D.licks舔。由下文“tolethimbackin”，可知应该是猫敲窗户，发出声响，然后作者打开窗户让它进来。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这从来没发生过。A.happened发生；B.appeared出现；C.remained保持不变；D.left离开。由上文“heissometimesgoneforanhourortwo”和“Butthistime,ithadbeenalmostawholedayandJuniorhadn’tc