外研版(2019)选择性必修第一册Unit1developingideas课文

外研版外研版(2019)选择性必修第一册Unitldevelopingideas课文#/31TheImportanceofHumour幽默的重要性IHumourhasbeenanessentialpartofhumanbehaviourforthousandsofyears.ThereiscomedyinthetextsofAncientGreece,andmedievalwritingsarefilledwithjokes.Whilethesesamejokesmightnotbeasfunnytousnowastheywerethen,theirauthorsunderstoodthathumourcouldnotonlyentertainbutalsothrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues.数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成局部。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，而中世纪的作品中也常常出现笑话。虽然那些笑话对现在的我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但是它们的作者明白，幽默不仅娱乐群众，而且可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。2Closertomoderntimes,someonewhoisrememberedforhisabilitytocombinehumourwithmoreseriousmessagesisAmericanwriter,MarkTwain.Twain'sparticularstyleofwritingisfunnyandoftenmischievous.Forexample,inhisclassicnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,hefamouslysays,“Writingiseasy.Allyouhavetodoiscrossoutthewrongwords. 〃Butheisequallywellknownforhiswittyremarksinhiseverydayinteractionswithpeople.Forinstance,whileonalecturingtouroftheUnitedStates,Twainwentintoabarber'sshoptogetahaircutandashave.Thebarber,notrecognisinghim,askedifhehadatickettothelecture.WhenTwainrepliedthathedidn't,thebarbertoldhimthatifhewantedtogototheeventhewouldhavetostand,astherewerenoseatsleftinthetheatre.Twain'sresponsewas, “That'sjustmyluck.Ialwayshavetostandwhenthatfellowlectures! 〃到了近现代，美国作家马克•吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。吐温独特的写作风格幽默幽默，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说?汤姆•索耶历险记？中有一句名言“写作很容易，你要做的就是把错误的单词划掉。〃他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样知名。比方，有一次在美国做巡回演讲时，马克•吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他来，问他有没有这场演讲的门票，马克•吐温说没有。理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了， 因为剧院里已经没有座位了。 马克•吐温答复说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲， 我总是要站着！ 〃3LikeTwain,butontheothersideoftheworld,LinYutangwassoontobecomefamousforhis frouniq mAnbrandofhumour.Awell- cieknownbilingualwriter,LinbroughttheconceptofhumourtomodernChinese ntCliterature.In1924,hecreativelyborrowed“youmo” hineseasthetranslationfortheEnglishword“humour 〞.“Youmo〞isstillbeingusedinthiswaytoday.ue和马克•吐温类似，在世界的另一端，林语堂很快也因其独特的幽默风格而闻名。作为著名的双语作家，林语堂将幽默的概念引入了中国现代文学。1924年，他创造性地借用古汉语中的“幽默〃作为英文单词“humour〃的翻译。今天，“幽默〞一词仍在以这种方式被人们使用。4Lin’squickwithelpedmakehimfamousasamasterofhumour.Once,havingbeeninvitedtodinneratauniversity,hewasputonthespotwhenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.Thinkingonhisfeet,LinstartedtotellastoryaboutacruelRomanemperorwhotriedtofeedamantowildanimals.Firstcamealion.Themanwhisperedsomethinginthelion’sear,afterwhichthelionshookitsheadandwalkedawayunhappily.Thenalongcameatiger.Again,themanwhisperedinthetiger’sear.Thetigerlookedshockedandhurriedaway.“Whatdidyousaytomyanimals?〞saidtheemperor,astonished.toldthemtheyhadtomakeaspeechaftereatingmefordinner.〞 “ILin’saudienceroaredwithlaughter.Withthislittlejoke,Linwasabletomakepeoplelaugh,whilegentlytellingoffthepresident.鬓钬墉颉制一龟.蜕鹰烃泾^厉。林语堂的机智使他成为著名的幽默大师。有一次，他被邀请去一所大学吃晚饭，当校长突然让他做演讲时，他感到很为难。林语堂急中生智，开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝试图把一个人喂给野兽的故事。首先来了一头狮子，那人对狮子耳语了几句，狮子摇了摇头，不快乐地走开了。然后来了一只老虎，那人又对老虎耳语了几句，老虎看起来很震惊，急忙跑开了。“你对我的动物们说了什么？〞皇帝惊讶地说道。“我告诉它们，把我作为晚饭吃掉后，它们必须要演讲一番。〞 林语堂的听众们哄堂大笑。通过这个小笑话，林语堂既能让大家哈哈大笑，同时也委婉地表达了对校长的不满。楠靥—诶―苇。5BothTwainandLinunderstoodthathumourisn’tjustaboutlaughter,butisawayoflifeandatoolthatcanbeusedtoilluminatetheworld.Linevencreatedanequationtoexplainthisconcept:Reality+Dreams+Humour=Wisdom.Livingandworkingwithotherscansometimesbecomplicated,andhumakesthiseasier.Sharingjokesandlaughingtogethercanbringindividualsandevencommunities mtogether.Indeed,somemayarguethatourneedforhumourisalmostasgreatasourneedforwatourerandair.InthewordsofMarkTwain,“Humorismankind ’sgreatestblessing〃.库］»编骝巅亲辊鹑罗飙阍芈蝉龈。马克•吐温和林语堂都明白，幽默不仅仅能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，