2022年湖南省湘潭市公共英语五级(笔试)知识点汇总（含答案）

2022年湖南省湘潭市公共英语五级(笔试)知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whenthetrampwasarrested,he______.

A.laugheda:thepolice

B.lookedforwardtogoingtoprison

C.tookhisbottleswithhim

D.didn'tmakeanyfuss

2.听力原文：M:Haveyousettledin?

W:Yes,Ifeelmyselfquiteathomenow.Ihaven'tgotusedtothefoodyetbutI'menjoyingthelifeoncampus.

M:Good.Nowwe'dbettermakesureyouenjoyyourstudies.Weofferaverywiderangeofoptionsonthefoundationcourse,asyouknow,butyoucanonlytakesixcourses.Doyouknowwhatyouwanttodoyet?

W:Yes,moreorless;butI'mnotsurewhethertodobiologicalsciencesorGerman.

M:Well,that'squiteadifference.Let'ssee...you'veselectedtodo:physicalsciences,basicelectronics,artanddesign,CAD...that'scomputeraideddesignandEnglish.

W:Yes,fivecourses.

M:That'squitearange.Don'tyouwanttodomathsorcomputerprogram-lining,forexample?

W:Well,I'minterestedinelectronicsincomputersespeciallyinwritingcomputergames.I'dliketoproduceeducationalsoftware,educationalgames,eventually.I'vetaughtmyselfalotofprogrammingandIwasgoodatmaths.Idon'tthinkIneedeitherofthem.

M:Then,whydidyouchoosetodoartanddesign?

W:Well,thatwillbegoodformygraphics.Ineedthattoproducegames...CAD,too.I'veneverdonecomputeraideddesignbefore.

M:No...right...they'vegotsomepowerfulpackagesinthecomputergraphicsandCADoffices...you'llenjoythat.So...thatleavesEnglish.It'smostlyEnglishliterature.IknowyourEnglishisallright.Butasafirstyearstudent,you'llhavetotaketheCambridgeProficiencyTest.

W:Allright.

Whoisthemail?

A.Studentadvisor.

B.Courseteacher.

C.Admissionsofficer.

D.Departmentsecretary.

3.PartB

Directions:Youwillhear3conversationsortalksandyoumustanswerthequestionsbychoosingA,B,CorD.YouwillheartherecordingONLYONCE.

听力原文：Asyouallknow,logstructuresaregainingpopularity.Theyarenolongerjustthesimplecountryhomeswhichwethinkofasthetraditionallogcabin.Someupscalehomesnowincorporatenaturalroundlogsinsealingbeamsandwalls.Peopleseemtothinkthattheroundedlogsgivetheirhomesacozywarmatmosphere.Andevenpeoplewhowanttobuildatraditionallogcabinontheirowncanbuyakitwithprecutlogsthatfittogetherlikepiecesofjigsawpuzzle.Beforeshowingyousomeslidesofmodernloghouses,I'dliketointroducealittlehistoricalbackgroundonthesubject.

Logcabinswerefirstbuiltinthelate1600salongtheDelawareRiverValley.TheEuropeanimmigrantswhosettledtherebroughtcenturiesofoldtraditionsofworkingwithlogs.Andinthisheavilywoodedarealogswerethematerialinhand.Logcabinswerethemostpopularintheearly1800swiththesettlerswhoweremovingwest.Theyprovidedtheanswertothepioneer'sneedforasafeandsturdyhomethatanordinaryfamilycouldbuildquickly.Theyhaddirtfloorsandslidingboardsforwindows.ButthelogbuildingsthathaveprobablyhadmostinfluenceonmodemarchitectsarethoseofthemountainretreatsofwealthyNewYorkers.Thesecountryhouseswhichwerepopularintheearly1900stypifywhat'sknownastheAdoroundyxstyle.Nowlet'slookatthoseslides.

Whatisthespeakermainlydiscussing?

A.TraditionalEuropeanarchitecture.

B.Techniquesforbuildinglogcabins.

C.Thehistoryoflogstructures.

D.Howtobuildahomeyourself.

4.ThechangesintheU.S.A.inthe1960sbeganwiththe______RightMovement.

5.Whatwilltheclassdonow?

A.Hearanotherreport.

B.DiscussoneofEmilyDickinson'spoems.

C.Hearalecturegivenbytheteacher.

D.Discusspoemstheyhavewrittenthemselves.

6.Whyarestudentsenthusiasticforpositionsinstudentorganizations?

A.Becausetheyhatetheconstantpressureandstrainoftheirstudy.

B.Becausetheywillthenbeabletostaylongerintheuniversity.

C.Becausesuchpositionshelpthemhuntbetterjobs.

D.Becausesuchpositionsareusuallywellpaid.

7.Whatwasthediscussiontopicofthepreviousclassmeeting?

A.NewEnglandmysterystories.

B.Eighteenth-centuryEnglishcriticism.

C.AcomparisonofpoemsofDickinsonandWhitman.

D.ThepoemsofWaltWhitman.

8.WhendidDicksongotoBostonforeyetreatment?

A.In1848.

B.Intheearly1850s.

C.Inthelate1850s.

D.Intheearly1860s.

9.听力原文：Farmersusuallyuseplowstopreparetheirfieldsforplantingcrops.Plowscutintotheground,andliftupweeds,andotherunwantedplants.However,plowingisblamedforcausingseveredamagetotopsoilbyremovingtheplantsthatprotectsoilfrombeingblownorwashedaway.ManyfarmersinSouthAsiaarenowtryingaprocesscalledLowTillFarming.LowTillFarminglimitstheuseofplows.Inthismethodoffarming,seedsandfertilizerareputintothesoilthroughsmallcutsmadeinthesurfaceoftheground.LowTillAgricultureleavesmuchorallthesoilandremainsofplantsontheground.Theyserveasanaturalfertilizerandhelpsupporttherootsoffuturecrops.Theytakeinrainandallowittoflowintothesoilinsteadofrunningoff.IthasbeenprovedthatLowTillFarmingincreaseshar-vestsandreduceswateruse,andthismethodreducestheneedforchemicalproductsbecausetherearefewerunwantedplants.ScientistssayLowTillFarmingisbecomingpopularinSouthAsia,whichisfacingaseverewatershortage.TheysaytheareawillbecomedependentonimportedfoodunlesswaterissavedthroughmethodslikeLowTillFarming.Currently,morethan150millionpeopleinSouthAsiadependonlocalriceandwheatcrops.Farmersgrowriceduringwetweather.Duringthedryseasontheygrowwheatinthesamefields.FarmersareusingtheLowTillFarmingmethodtoplantwheatafterharvestingrice.ScientistssayLowTillAgricultureisoneofthebestexamplesintheworldoftechnologiesworkingforbothpeopleandtheenvironment.

Whatismemainproblemcausedbytheusualwayofplowing?

A.Thecrop'sbloomingperiodisdelayed.

B.Therootsofcropsarecutoff.

C.Thetopsoilisseriouslydamaged.

D.Thegrowthofweedsisaccelerated.

10.Whatwillthespeakerdiscussfirst?

11.WhendidDr.Huberbecomeinterestedinpiano?

12.What'sthethirdmethodmentionedheretogivethelistenertimetothink?

13.Howmanyreactionscouldyouhavetowardstheteacher'sreport?

14.Whatdoeshelikeabouthisjob?

A.Money.

B.Freedom.

C.Knowingdifferentpeople.

D.Travelingalot.

15.ThejoboftheBoardofDirectorsistoadministratethecompany.

A.TrueB.Fasle

二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.

【C6】

17.

【C16】

18.(33)

19.(32)

20.

【C12】

21.(44)

22.(42)

23.(47)

24.

【C17】

25.

【C8】

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.(77)

27.(79)

28.

Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Line3-4,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout______.

A.goldmarket

B.realestate

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment

29.Beforeabigexam,asoundnight'ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheform.ofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen"edited"atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern—whatisreferredtoas"artificialgrammar".Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.the"grammar",aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The"editing"theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

Researchersinbehavioralpsychologyaredividedwithregardto______.

A.howdreamsaremodifiedintheircourses

B.thedifferencebetweensleepandwakefulness

C.whysleepisofgreatbenefittomemory

D.thefunctionsofagoodnight'ssleep

30.

TheGTE'sexampleshowsthat______.

A.efficienttechnologyiscost-effective

B.manymeetingsinacompanyareunnecessary

C.manypositionslikethatofatypistcanbedoneawaywith

D.itdoesn'tcostmuchtoautomatethefacilitiesofacompany

31.

Thevalueofcompetitionworksagainstthespiritofnationalcooperationinthat______.

A.itmakespeoplenotbelieveinthegovernment

B.itcausespeopletosuspectbutnottotrusteachother

C.itmakespeopleevenunabletocooperatewellonlocallevels

D.itencouragespeopletogainsuccessthroughindividualhardwork

32.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Americans'caloricintakehasdroppedoverthelastfewdecades.

B.Manypeoplewhotrytoloseweightgiveuphalfway.

C.Americansarealwaysawareofhowmuchtheyeat.

D.Obesitydoesnoharmtopeople'shealth.

33.(75)

34.(76)

35.(72)

36.(67)

37.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66～70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA～Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.

A．Thereremained,however,the“easier”labor—thelaborthatrequiredthehumaneyes,ears,judgmentandmindbutnosweating.Itneverthelesshaditsmiseries,forittendedtobedull,repetitious,andboring.Andthereisalwaysthesoursenseofendlesslydoingsomething.unpleasantundercompulsion.

B．Foronething,muchofhumaneffortthatistodayputinto“mimingtheworld”willbeunnecessary.Withcomputers,robotsandautomation,agreatdealofthedailygrindwillappeartoberunningitself.Thisisnothingstartling.ItisatrendthathasbeenrapidlyonitswayeversinceWorldWarⅡ.

C．Andnowwestandatthebrinkofachangethatwillbethegreatestofall,forworkinitsoldsensewilldisappearaltogether.Tomostpeople,workhasalwaysbeenanefforffulexercisingofmindorbody—compelledbythebitternecessityofearningthenecessitiesoflife—plusanoccasionalperiodofleisureinwhichtorestorhavefun.

D．Clearlytherewillbeapainfulperiodoftransition,onethatisstartingalready,andonethatwillbeinfullswingasthe21stcenturybegins.

E．Inthefirstplace,thecomputeragewillintroduceatotalrevolutioninournotionsofeducation,andisbeginningtodosonow.Thecomingofthecomputerwillmakelearningfun,andasuccessfullystimulatedmindwilllearnquickly.Itwillundoubtedlyturnoutthatthe“average”childismuchmoreintelligentandcreativethanwegenerallysuppose.Therewasatime,afterall,whentheabilitytoreadandwritewasconfinedtoaverysmallgroupof“scholars”andalmostallofthemwouldhavescoutedthenotionthatjustaboutanyonecouldlearntheintricaciesofliteracy.Yetwithmasseducationgeneralliteracycametobeafact.

F．Thismeansthatthedull,theboring,therepetitious,themind-stultifyingworkwillbegintodisappearfromthejobmarket—isalreadybeginningtodisappear.This,ofcourse,willintroducetwovitalsetsofproblem—isalreadyintroducingthem.

Periodicallyinhistory,therecomeperiodsofgreattransitioninwhichworkchangesitsmeaning.Therewasatime,perhaps10,000yearsago,whenhumanbeingsstoppedfeedingthemselvesbyhuntinggameandgatheringplants.andincreasinglyturnedtoagriculture.Inaway,thatrepresentedtheinventionof“work”.

Then,inthelatterdecadesofthe18thcentury,astheIndustrialRevolutionbeganinGreatBritain,therewasanothertransitioninwhichthesymbolsofworkwerenolongerthehoeandtheplow;theywerereplacedbythemillandtheassemblyline.66．______

WiththeIndustrialRevolution,machinery—poweredfirstbysteam,thenbyelectricityandinternalcombustionengines—tookoverthehardphysicaltasksandrelievedthestrainonhumanandanimalmuscles.

67．______

Andyet,suchjobshavebeencharacteristicofthehumanconditioninthefirstthree-quartersofthe20thcentury.They'vemadetoolittledemandonthehumanmindandspirittokeepthemfreshandalive,madetoomuchdemandforanymachinetoservethepurposeuntilnow.

Theelectroniccomputer,inventedinthe1940'sandimprovedatbreakneckspeed,wasamachinethat,forthefirsttime,seemedcapableofdoingworkthathaduntilthenbeenthepreserveofthehumanmind．Withthecoming

38.

Theauthorgaveanexampleinthethirdparagraphinorderto______.

A.emphasizetheneedtoplaceastrongervalueonnationalcooperation

B.explainwhytheAmericanideahasbeenbasedonindividualfreedom

C.illustratethefactthatAmericanswillnotsacrificetheirpersonalinterestforthegoodoftheentirecountry

D.supporttheideathatAmericansneedsthespiritofnationalcooperationtoachieveimportantnationalobjectivesinthe21stcentury

39.ThehistoryofresponsestotheworkoftheartistSandroBotticelli(1444-1510)suggeststhatwidespreadappreciationbycriticsisarelativelyrecentphenomenon.Writingin1550,VasariexpressedanuneasewithBotticelli'swork,admittingthattheartistfittedawkwardlyintohisevolutionaryschemeofthehistoryofart.Overthenexttwocenturies,academicarthistoriansdefamedBotticelliinfavorofhisfellowsFlorentine.Michelangelo.Evenwhenanti-academicarthistoriansoftheearlynineteenthcenturyrejectedmanyofthestandardsofevaluationadoptedbytheirpredecessors,Botticelli'workremainedoutsideofacceptedtaste,pleasingneitheramateurobserversnorconnoisseurs.(Manyofhisbestpaintings,however,remainedhiddenawayinobscurechurchesandprivatehomes.)

TheprimaryreasonforBotticelli'sunpopularityisnotdifficulttounderstand：mostobservers,upuntilthemid-nineteenthcentury,didnotconsiderhimtobenoteworthy,becausehiswork,forthemostpart.didnotseemtotheseobserverstoexhibitthetraditionalcharacteristicsofthefifteenth-centuryFlorentineart.Forexample.Botticellirarelyemployedthetechniqueofstrictperspectiveand,unlikeMichelangelo,neverusedchiaroscuro.

AnotherreasonforBotticelli'sunpopularitymayhavebeenthathisattitudetowardthestyle.ofclassicalartwasverydifferentfromthatofhiscontemporaries.Althoughhewasthoroughlyexposedtoclassicalart.heshowedlittleinterestinborrowingfromtheclassicalstyle.Indeed,itisparadoxicalthatapainteroflarge-scaleclassicalsubjectsadoptedastyle.thatwasonlyslightlysimilartothatofclassicalart.

Inanycase,whenviewersbegantoexaminemorecloselytherelationshipofBotticelli'sworktothetraditionofthefifteenthcenturyFlorentineart,hisreputationbegantogrow.AnalysesandassessmentsofBotticellimadebetween1850and1870bytheartistsofthePre-Raphaelitemovement,aswellasbythewriterPater(althoughhe.unfortunately,basedhisassessmentonanincorrectanalysisofBotticelli'spersonality),inspiredanewappreciationofBotticellithroughouttheEnglish-speakingworld.YetBotticelli'swork,especiallytheSistinefrescoes.didnotgenerateworldwideattentionuntilitwasfinallysubjectedto4comprehensiveandscrupulousanalysisbyHomein1908.Homerightlydemonstratedthatthefrescoessharedimportantfeatureswithpaintingsbyotherfifteenth-centuryFlorentines—featuressuchasskillfulrepresentationofanatomicalproportions,andofthehumanfigureinmotion.However,HomearguedthatBotticellididnottreatthesequalitiesasendsinthemselves—rather.thatheemphasizedcleardepletionofastory,auniqueachievementandonethatmadethetraditionalFlorentinequalities1esscentral.BecauseofHome'semphasiscrucialtoanystudyofart,thetwentiethcenturyhascometoappreciateBotticelli'sachievements.

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheRoleofStandardArtAnalysesandAppraisals

B.SandroBotticelli：FromRejectiontoAppreciation

C.TheHistoryofCritics’ResponsestoArtWorks

D.BotticelliandFlorentine：AComparativeStudy

40.(73)

四、阅读理解(5题)41.

第

48

题

hasdetailedandspectacularracingenvironments?__________

42.

根据下列选项回答46～50题：

第

46

题

1.__________

43.

第

47

题

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?

44.

第

23

题

WhatisthebasisfortheAmericannotionofnationalgood?

45.

根据下列文章回答46～50题：

第

46

题

Inthefirstparagraph，theauthorquotesStraussmann’swordsinordertomakeclear__________．

参考答案

1.D

2.A

3.C

4.Civil．

5.B

6.C

7.D

8.D

9.C

10.Origin(s)ofstudent/wherestudentsarefrom/student(s)background(s)Origin(s)ofstudent/wherestudentsarefrom/student(s)background(s)

11.Incollege

12.Usefillerwords

13.One．

14.B

15.A

16.airair解析：由前面的smog可知，此空处应填与smog相应的物质，又由后面的“hoversovercities”可知，此物质只能是“脏空气”。

17.differencedifference解析：显然，这句话是在对老年人和年轻人写字之间进行比较，而且由后半句中的“getbetterat…”可知，此空必为“不同的”。

18.oppositeopposite解析：从文章第二段的内容可以看出，Adown-to-earthperson和那些表面上装的很重要的人物正好相反。所以这里应填“相反的”，故答案为opposite。

19.thatthat解析：此空之后的内容为suggests的内容，即此处应填that，引导宾语从句。

20.onon解析：focuson意为“集中于”，为固定短语。

21.ratherrather解析：此空所在句意为“用四个手指握笔而不是三个。”ratherthan表示“而不是”。

22.workwork解析：本句意为“我们以前已经尝试过，但是不…。”显然，此空处应填“奏效，起作用”，英语中表达这一含义最地道的词就是work。

23.dividedivide解析：根据上下文语境，这里是“分为”，divide…upinto意为“把…划分为”。所以此处应填动词“divide”。

24.dividedivide解析：根据上下文语境，这里是“分为”，divide…upinto意为“把…划分为”。所以此处应填动词“divide”。

25.onon解析：此题也考查介词的用法，在电话中交谈，一般用onthephone。所以此处应填介词“on”。

26.A解析：书评一中提到Stiglitz更主张政府参与下的经济政策，而不是以市场为主导的政策。所以本题应选A。

27.D解析：由D中的“ValparaisoUniversitycombinesliberalartswithprofessionalstudiesandpromotesservicetoothers”可知。

28.B解析：从文章的第三段可以看出，“Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.”作者在这一段主要说明房子等不动产的价格、利润等方面，所以“the$4millionto$10millionrange”说的是不动产。故应选B。

29.C解析：文中第一段提到“Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory．”所以他们对为什么睡眠对记忆有好处持有不同的观点，故应选C。

30.A解析：由第三段中所举的GTE的例子可知“efficienttechnologyiscost-effective”。

31.B解析：文章最后一段第二句话“Competitionsometimesencouragesfeelingsofsuspicionratherthanthemutualtrustthatisnecessaryforsuccessfulnationalcooperation．”说明竞争有时会助长怀疑的意识，而不是合作需要的相互信任。故应选B。

32.B解析：由第五段可知虽然美国人声称自己摄入的卡路里量下降，但这并不是真的，故A项是错误的。美国人总是在食物摄入量上撒谎，所以并不能推出他们知道自己吃了多少，故C项不正确。根据最后一段最后一句话可以知道D项不正确。

33.C解析：由C中的第二段“…asubstantialagriculturesector，whichcontributestodeforestation，theerosionofthetopsoilanddesegification．hasledtoextremep