2023年中考英语二轮复习学案情态动词专项

一.情态动词不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形。二.情态动词的用法l^can/could的用法(1)表示能力，与beableto同义。但can只用于现在时和过去时(could),而beableto可用于多种时态(was/wereableto,willbeableto…)。例：HecanspeakEnglishwell.=HeisabletospeakEnglishwell.(2)表示推测，常用于疑问句和否定句中，can意为“可能"，can't意为"不可能二例：Bobcan'tbesleeping.Thelightinhisroomisstillon.Could用于一般疑问句表示委婉的请求。常用句型Couldyouplease...?若表示同意时，用can回答而不用couldo例： Couldyougivemeahand?Yes,Ican.2、must/have(has)to的用法⑴表示义务、命令或耍求，意为“必须”(主观意志)。例：Wemustdoeverythingstepbystep.(2)在Must.・.？的句型中，肯定回答是Yes,主语+must./No,主语+needn't./don'thaveto.例： MustIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt/don'thaveto.PS.否定回答不能用mustntmustn't意为"禁止，不允许”。例：Youmustn'ttalkinclass.⑶表示肯定猜测，用于百分百的肯定。彳列：Marymusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.注意：在肯定句中must表示对某事有把握的推测，在否定句中的推测用canthave/hasto意为"不得不,必须”，有一种被迫的意思。(否定形式:don't/doesn'thaveto)例：Hewantstogowithus,buthehastotakecareofhissister.3、may/might的用法(1)表示允许、请求、常与第一人称，r连用。在May...?句型中，肯定回答用Yes,youcano否定回答用No,youcan^/mustn^.例：MayIcomein?Yes,youcan./No,youcan,t./mustn,t.(2)在肯定句中表示推测。(may比might可能性大)例：Shemayknowthenews.(3)表示祝愿，意为“祝……二例：Mayyoubehappy!4、shall/should的用法shall在疑问句中，常用于第一人称，Shallwc/Shalll...?句型中，意为“…好吗？”例： Shallweputoffthesportsmeetinguntilnextmonth?Yes,please./No,thankyou.shall在肯定句，且主语为第二、第三人称时，表示说话人的命令、警告、强制、允诺等。例：Youshallfailifyouwasteyourtime.should用于各种人称,强调义务和责任，意为“应该"。should与oughtto同义，但语气比oughtto更委婉。例：Ithinkchildrenshouldreallylearntorespecttheirelders5、will/would的用法(1)当will/would用于疑问句中，常用第二人称连用，表示征求意见或建议。例：Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradio?⑵will表示意愿。例：Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.Yes,Iwill.6^hadbetter的用法意为“最好，没有人称的变化，后面接不带t。的不定式hadbetterdosth.,其否定式为：hadbetternotdosth.7、need的用法(1)作为情态动词，意为“需要”，后面直接加动词原形，无时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为neednot二needn't.例：Youneedcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow.(否定句)Youneedn'tcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow.注意：在Need...?句型中，肯定回答用Yes,youmust.。否定回答用No,youneedn't.例：NeedIcomeherebefore7:00tomorrow?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt(2)作为实意动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，后面加动词不定式todo,其否定形式为don,t/doesn,tneedtodosth.例：(肯定句)Sheneedstocometothemeetingthisafternoon..(否定句)Shedoesn'tneedtocometothemeetingthisafternoon.(——般疑问句)Doessheneedtocometothemeetingthisafternoon?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.(3)needdoingsth.表示被动。例：Thiscarneedsrepairing.三.归纳表示推测的情态动词：must表示肯定推测，意为“一定，想必”。can表示推测一般用于疑问句和否定句中，意为“可能:Can't意为“不可能”。may表示肯定推测,意为“可能,也许"，可能性may大于might。四.补充扩展“shouldhave+动词过去分词”意为“本应该去做，而实际上没有做某事工例：Youshouldhavetoldmethislastnight.“shouldnothave+动词过去分词”意为“本不应该去做，却做了某事”。例：Youshouldnothavespentallthemoneyonsuchafoolishthing.( )1.-Willyoustayforsomemoredays?-Sorry,I.Mymothercalledtoaskmetogobackatonce,'"t( )2.-Whoissinginginthenextroom?IsitLucy?-Itbeher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.)3.-Willthenewiphonecostalot?-Ithinkso.Apple'sproductsareusuallyexpensive.( )4.-Mom,mustIfinishmyhomeworknow?-No,you.Youmayhavesupperfirst.( )5.-MayItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?-No,youcan't.Youreadithere.Itistherule.( )6.Aseveryoneknows,rubbisheverywhere.“tthrowD.maythrow( )7.-IthinkthemanovertheremustbeBob.-Itbehim.HehastoAustralia.“'t;gone( )8.Theroomisbigenough.Ithold100people.A.canB.mustbe C.need D.haveto( )9.-1don'tcarewhatmyteachersthink.-Well,you.( )10.-Haveyoudecidedwheretodoforyoursummervacation?-Notyet.WegotoQingdao.Itisagoodplaceforvacation.( )11.-Mr.Wang,canIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow?-No,you.，，"t( )12.Cars,busesandbikesstopwhenthetrafficlightschangetored.( )13.1havemyownroominmyhouse,soIdowhatIwantinit.( )14.Yousmoke.Youareonly14anditisn'tallowed.( )15.-wecleantheclassroomnow?-No,you.Youcleanitafterschool.A.Must;needn't;may B.Must;mustn't;canC.Shall;can't;must D.Need;mustn't;may()16.-Whosenotebookisthis?-ItTom.Isawheuseditjustnow.'tbelongto C.mightbebelongedto D.canbelongto)17.-Howwastheyouthclublastnight,Mark?-Itwasgreatfun.Youcome.)18.-It'ssuchalongway!WhatshouldIdo?-Youtakemycarifyouwant.)19.TheyplayfootballlastFridaybecauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.)20.-CanItellPeteraboutthenews?No,Idon'twantanyoneelsetoknowit.Youkeepittoyourself.( )21.-ThispairofshoesbelongtoJack.Helikethiskindverymuch.Itbehis.It'stoolargeforhim.A.can;can'tB.may;needn't C.must;mustn'tD.need;can't( )22.-IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?Noitbeher.ShetoJapan,hasbeen( )23.Tmfeelingmuchbetternowsoyoucallthedoctor.( )24.-Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?No,you,Ydutoleaveuntilthebellrings.“thaveto;aresupposed't;aren'taren'tsupposed( )25.Treesfightairpollution.Theyarenaturalairconditioners.)26.-Whereareyougoingthismonth?WegotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.)27.IseeyourIDcard,sir?Wehavetocheckyourinformation.A.MayB.MustC.ShouldD.Nee