2018东城英语一模试题及答案已整理

2018东城一模第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Scientistsarebuildingapowerfulinstrument,which______themseedeepintospace.A.hashelped B.willhelp C.helped D.wouldhelped2.Largegroupsthatwanttovisitthemuseumhavetogetpermission______theyvisit.A.unless B.where C.as D.before3.Since18thJanuary,2018,someairlinesinChina______mobilephoneuseontheiraircrafts.A.allow B.allowed C.haveallowed D.hadallowed4.Thedictionaryhas100newwords_________intoitslatestedition.A.add B.adding C.added D.beingadded5.Movingabroadmeansenteringaculture______thecustomsandthelanguagearedifferent.A.where B.when C.which D.whose6.—Couldyoutellme______thetrainfromNewYorkwillbearrivingontime?—Yes,sir.Itshouldbearrivingin10minutes.A.when B.how C.why D.if7.Thesnowstorm

______

severaldays

beforeithitthenorthernareas.

A.wouldpredict B.hadpredicted C.wouldbepredicted D.hadbeenpredicted8.I______nothavehernewtelephonenumber;letmecheck.A.may B.must C.shall D.need9.OnceJasonbecomesinterestedinsometopic,hecan’thelpthinkingaboutit______hegoes.A.however B.wherever C.whenever D.whomever10.Thebook______nextyearissupposedtobeabest-seller.A.publishing B.beingpublished C.tobepublished D.tohavepublished11.The

troubleis

______

wecan

reach

the

conferencecenterwithin

twentyminutesintherushhour.A.what B.how C.when D.why12.Mikehasn’tappearedfortwoweeks,______hisfriendsarewonderingwhathashappenedtohim.A.so B.but C.or D.for13.Electriccarsproduceabout80percentlesspollutionthancars______gas-poweredmotors.A.from B.by C.for D.with14.______

that

he

had

fallenbehind,

Peter

startedto

quickenhis

pace.A.Realized B.Torealize C.Havingrealized D.Havingbeenrealized15.Canyouimaginewhatthemodernworld______likewithoutsmartphones?A.were B.wouldbe C.hadbeen D.wouldhavebeen第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MybrotherGenewasfouryearsolderthanme.BythetimeIturnedfour,IwasupsetthathecouldreadbutIcouldn’t.Iburnedwith16toreadabooklikemybrother.Ibegged:“Teachmetoread,Mom!Please,please?!”Finally,Momsetasidetimeafterlunch17readinglessons,andsoonaftermyfifthbirthday,Iwasreading.Ilongedformyfather,whowasagreatstoryteller,toreadmethebooksthatIcouldn’tyetreadonmyown.Butmyfatherworkedthreejobstofeedthefamily.Hedidn’thavethetimeor18intheeveningtoreadtome.19,everySundaymorning,mybrotherandIlaynexttohiminbed,waitingforhimtotellstoriesabouthis20.Icanstillhearmyfather’svoice21thecoldwintersonthefamilyfarminPoland.Hisfamilydidn’thaveenoughmoneytoburnwoodinthefireplaceallnight.Hetoldusthathealwaysvolunteeredtohelpwith22.Icansmellthesoupmadebymygrandmaand23myfathercuttingonions,carrotsandtomatoesforsalad,andwhennoonewaslooking,puttingapieceintohismouth.“Iwasalways24,”heexplained.Hearingmyfather’sstories25meclosertothebooksandthestoriestheyheld.OneSaturdayafternoonwhenIwasseven,wewalkedtwoblockstothesmall26inourneighborhood,andmydadfilledoutformsforacard.ThatSaturday27mylife:ImetMrs.Schwartz,thelibrarian,andmydadsaid,“You’re28enoughtowalktothelibraryyourself.”AndsoIdid—almosteveryafternoon.Inmymind,Mrs.Schwartzwas“thekeeperofbooksandtheguardianofstories.”Somedaysshereadaloudtoasmallgroupofus29.Mostoftime,Mrs.Schwartzletme30myselfwithbooksIpulledfromtheshelvesandlookthroughthemtoseewhichonesI’d31out.Irememberthatsometimesshe’d32abookandtellmeapartofthestory.Butshealwaysletmechoose.Booksbecamemy33whoweremycomfortwhenIfeltlonely.Yes,readingchangedme.Itgavemethe34tostudyhardsoIcouldbecomeateacher,andsharemy35ofreadingwithmystudents.Andinsidemyhead,Icanstillhearthevoicesofmymother,father,andMrs.Schwartz,whicharewithmeeverytimeIopenthefirstpageofanewbook.42816.A.anger B.worry C.desire D.interest17.A.for B.before C.in D.until18.A.ability B.ambition C.courage D.energy19.A.Still B.Then C.Therefore D.Finally20.A.workplace B.childhood C.farmland D.neighborhood21.A.explaining B.describing C.introducing D.interpreting22.A.living B.reading C.farming D.cooking23.A.catch B.discover C.notice D.picture24.A.busy B.poor C.hungry D.tired25.A.laid B.drew C.taught D.left26.A.library B.bookstore C.office D.club27.A.saved B.changed C.tested D.controlled28.A.near B.ready C.old D.free29.A.graduates B.regulars C.candidates D.communicators30.A.surround B.familiarize C.examine D.rewardB.Sheinventedaswingforthedisabled.C.Shecollectedmoneyfortheplayground.D.Shedonatedequipmenttoherhometown.41.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatBoundlessPlaygrounds_____________.A.providetraininginstructionsforthedisabledB.borrowedtheideafromJonathan’sDreamC.wereinventedbyAmyJaffeBarzachD.arefinancedbycommunities42.WhatisHannaandMatthew’sdream?A.Toovercometheirdisabilities.B.Toreceivespecialphysicaltraining.C.Togetequalchancesofplayingandlearning.D.Toacquireunderstandingfromtheirfellowstudents.CYoucan’twalkintotheofficewithoutRihanna’svoicesinging“workworkworkworkworkwork”inyourhead.AndthatonelinefromLadyGaga’s“BadRomance”stillmakesyouwanttoscream.Thesearecommonlyknownasearwormsongs—thosestickytunesthatcontinuetoplayinyourhead.Arecentstudyfindsthatmorethan90%ofadultsreporthearingearwormsongsonaweeklybasis.Fortunately,mostpeoplereportearwormsongsaspleasant.Butothersfindthemannoyingorevenmaddening.“Somepeoplearetroubledbythemtothepointthatitdisturbslife,”saysElizabethHellmuthMargulis,aprofessorattheUniversityofArkansaswhohasstudiedearwormsongs.Margulissaysearwormsongstendtohavesomepredictablecharacteristics.Foronething,theytendtobesmallpartsofasong—notthewholetrack.And“thesongsyou’veheardrecentlyalsohavethemostpossibilitytogetstuckinyourmemory,”shesays.Butsometimessomethingstrangeandunpredictablecanalsostartatrackplayinginyourhead.“OnceIwasatthedoctor’sofficeandsawaposterofamanwhoIthoughtlookedlikeGaston—acharacterfromBeautyandtheBeast,”Margulisrecalls.Acoupleminutespassed,andsherealizedshecouldn’tget“BeOurGuest”,thesonginthemovie,outofherhead,eventhoughshehadn’tthoughtofthetuneinyears.Inthatinstance,shewasabletoidentifyherearworm’strigger:theGaston-lookingmanintheposter.“Buttheconnectionscanbereallyunclear,”shesays.Margulispointsoutthat,inallofhumanhistory,recordedmusicisaverynewphenomenon.Shesayssomehaveinferredthatearwormsongsarealsonew—theunintendedconsequenceofbeingabletohearthesamesongplayedeverywhereinthesamewayoverandoveragain.Sofar,theconvincingexplanationforwhyhumanbeingsexperienceearwormsongsremainsamystery.Buttherearesomewell-establishedwaystocastofftheearwormsongs.“Findingamentallydemandingtaskandputtingyourmindonitusuallyshiftsattentionawayfrominternalmusic.Peopletendtogetearwormswhenperformingtasksthatdon’trequiretheirfullattention—stufflikedoingthedishes,”Margulissays.Chewinggumcanalsohelp.Whenasongisstuckinourheads,it’salmostlikewe’resingingalongwithit.Ifyoumakeyourmouthdosomethingelse—chewinggum,eatingamealortalkingwithafriend—thatcankickouttheearworm.Youcouldalsofaceyourenemy.Bylisteningtothefulltrackthatincludesthepassagestuckinyourhead,youmayfind“closure”andrelief.43.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobeanearwormsong?A.Asongmadeupofsimplewords.B.Asongheardfrequentlythesedays.C.Asongsungbyamostfamoussinger.D.Asonglearnedduringone’schildhood.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trigger”inParagraph4mean?A.Type. B.Tune. C.Cause. D.Characteristic.45.Wecaninferthatearwormsongsmay_______.A.resultfrommoderntechnologyB.beexperiencedovermealsC.helpregainlostmemoriesD.hurtone’shearing46.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthelastthreeparagraphs?A.Whywehearearwormsongs.B.Wheretofindearwormsongs.C.Whenwehearearwormsongs.D.Howtogetoverearwormsongs.DThecruise（邮轮）tourismisthefastestgrowingindustryinthetravelindustry.Withrapidgrowthinthenumberofpassengers,thenumberofcruiseshipsatsea,andtheincreasedvarietyofdestinations,thefastgrowthintheindustryfollowswithincreasinginfluencesontheenvironment.Likemanytravelindustries,thenegativeinfluencesontheenvironmentseemtooutweighthepositiveones.Eventhoughthecruiseindustryisrelativelysmallcomparedtotheairlineindustry,cruiseshipsandtheirpassengersgeneratemorewasteandpollutantemissions（排放物）whiletravellinganddockedinport.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,aone-weekvoyagegeneratesmorethan50tonsofgarbage,andduringthatsameweek3.78millionlitresofwastewaterisproduced.Thatiswaterwhichisharmfultotheoceanlifeandcannotbepouredbackintotheoceanwithoutbeingtreated.Thesenumbersaremultipliedbymorethan200cruiseshipssailingtheworld365daysayear.Duetopollution,coralreefs（珊瑚礁）aretakingasignificantdamage.Thereare109countrieswithcoralreefs.In90ofthem,reefsarebeingdamagedbycruiseships.Itissaid70%ofcruisedestinationsareinthespotswiththeexistenceofawidevarietyofseaplantsandanimalspecies.However,itisnottheamountofpollutiongeneratedbycruiseshipsthatismostconcerned,butrather,thewaycruiseshipsdealwiththeirwaste.Thewaycruiseshipsgetridofwasteishighlyunregulated.Wastecanbepouredafewshortmilesoffshore,whichislaterbroughtbacktoshoreduetooceancurrents.Inmostcases,therewasnomonitoringoradministrationfromlocalauthoritiesifcruiseshipsviolatedthepollutionstandards.Thecruiseindustrycontinuestopromoteitselfasenvironmentallyfriendly;thetruthis,therearemanyexamplesofcruiseshipsbreakingthelaw.Processingwasteonboardisnotimpossibleforcruiseindustries.Sincetheincreasedharmfuleffectsontheenvironmenthavecometolight,somecruiseindustrieshavedonetheirpartandastechnologyincreases,theirabilitytobecomemoreeco-friendlyhasbecomethemostimportant.HollandAmericanLinehasinvested$1.5millionintoaprogramcalledSeawaterScrubberPilot.Thisprogramlooksforopportunitiestoreduceengineemissiononitsships.TheSeaWaterScrubbersystemusesthenaturalchemistryofseawatertoremoveallharmfulmaterialsintheseawaterbeforeitispouredoverboard.Eventhoughitisonlyasmallstep,itmakesabigdifference.Theenvironmentalimpactofthecruiseindustryonthedestinationhasnegativeeffects.However,witheffortmade,thereisstillhopethattheseeffectscanbelimited,oraswewish,reduced.47.Whataddstocruiseships’pollution?A.Lackofproperregulations.B.Growingsizeofcruiseships.C.Servicesystemoncruiseships.D.Uselesswater-treatingprogram.48.WhydidtheauthormentionHollandAmericanLine?A.Tostressenvironmentalprotectionmatters.B.Toevaluatetheeffectsofnaturalchemistry.C.TointroducetheSeaWaterScrubbersystem.D.Toprovesomeanti-pollutionmeasureworks.49.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Influencesofcruisetourism. B.Problemsintouristindustry.C.Consequenceofoceanpollution. D.Administrationofcruiseemissions.50.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B.Bydiscussingproblemsandsolutions.C.Bycomparingbenefitsanddisadvantages.D.Bypresentingsimilaritiesanddifferences.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wheredidyourfamilyeatdinnerlastnight?Inthecaronthewaytosport?AtMcDonald’s?Oratthedinnertable?Asurveytakenafewyearsagofoundthat28%familiesatedinnertogetherathomesevennightsaweek.Anotherquartersaidtheyatetogetherthreeorfewernightsaweek.Onceuponatimethesituationwasdifferent.51Plates,forksandspoonswouldbelaidout.Asdinnertimeapproached,anincreasingnumberofhungrymouthswouldbegintoappearwiththequestion,“What’sfordinner”?52Thedataseemstopointtotwomainissues:overworkedparentsandoverscheduledchildren.Whenmumordaddogethomeintheevening,theyaresooninthecaragaintosendthechildrentosoccer,music,tutoring,andahostofotherevents.Thisnightlyceremonyaroundthedinnertableisbothvitalandfruitful;itiswhatkeepsafamilytogether.Sure,theconversationisnotalwayssignificantandchildrenargue.Andsometimesthedeepestandmostmeaningfultimesinafamilyarenotatthetableatall.53Thedinnertableistheplacewhereafamilybuildsanidentity.Storiesarepasseddown,jokesareexchangedandthewiderworldisexaminedthroughthelens（镜头）ofafamily’svalues.Childrenpickupvocabularyandasenseofhowconversationisstructured.54Dinnertimeis“familytime”.Comingbackdailytothesameplacehelpsgainfamiliarity.Thesignificanceofdinnertimeismorethanabove.Studiesshowthatthemorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenaretosmoke,drink,getdepressed,anddevelopeatingdisorders,andthemorelikelytheyaretodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize.OneprofessoratRutgersUniversityinNewJerseystated,“Amealisaboutcivilizingchildren.55”Sostartbyplanningsomestayathomefamilydinnerstogether.Justfamilytalk.A.It’satimetoteachthemtobeamemberoftheirculture.B.Eachnightthediningtablewouldbesetwithasimplecloth.C.Whynotcutbackonafewactivitiesandhavedinnerwithyourfamily?D.Whataccountsforthisdeclineinfamilieseatingtogethertodaythough?E.Theyalsolearngoodtablemanners,somethingthatwillbenefitthemforlife.F.Itwasimportantforchildrenandparentstositdowntogetherandgettoknoweachother.G.However,thereisstillsomethinguniqueaboutthetimeafamilyspendsaroundthedinnertable.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.中文难学的原因；2.你的建议及理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数不少于50。2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHuaDearJim,It’sgreattoknowthatyouhavebeguntolearnChinese!YousayyoufindChinesedifficulttolearn.Iquiteunderstandyourproblem.Differentfromyourlanguage,mostChinesecharactersarefromimages.ForEnglish,mostoftime,you’llknowhowtopronounceawordwhenyouseeit.ButitisimpossibleinChinese.Inaddition,ChinesegrammaristotallydifferentfromEnglishgrammar.Thatdefinitelybringsyoumoretrouble.However,anylearningtakestime.Don’tworry.IsuggestyoustartwithPinyin,whichwillhelpyouknowhowtoreadChinesecharacters.Besides,listeningtoChinesesongsorwatchingChinesemovieswillalsohelp.Themoreyouareexposedtothelanguage,themorefamiliaryouwillgetwithit.Iwishyoueverysuccessinlearningthelanguage!If