doing作状语的用法

1.作表语2.作定语现在分词3.作宾补4.作状语2021/5/91三.V-ing作表语WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.动名词作表语现在分词作表语动词进行时=TeachingEnglishismyjob.动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。2021/5/92Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.区别动名词与现在分词：

动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。2021/5/93翻译下列句子：我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Ourjobis_________________________.2.他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。Themusictheyareplayingis__________.playingallkindsofmusicsoexciting2021/5/94四V-ing作定语——现在分词现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是现在分词短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名词后。Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.2021/5/95Thetower___________thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.datedfromB.datedbackfromC.datingfromD.todatefromTheflowers__________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt2021/5/96(1)awalkingman(2)awalkingstick

=amanwhoiswalking

=

astickforwalkingWhat’sthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?2021/5/97V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：awaitingroomawaitingman=aroomforwaiting=amanwhoiswaiting现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作…用”相当于一个for引导的介词短语2021/5/98Translatethefollowingphrases.areadingroomawashingmachineanexcitingeveninganinterestingcrosstalk阅览室洗衣机激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声2021/5/991.What______________bearstheyare!(charm)2.Whata/an____________________ideatheadhas.3.Thebears_________________arecontentwiththeirlife.4.Thebears__________________makecocacolamorepopular.

DescribethebearswithV-ingusedasattributecharmingenjoyingcocacoladrinkingcocacolaskiingontheicesurprising/inspiring2021/5/910五V-ing形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+CIheard

thegirlsingingintheclassroom.Wehavethefireburningallday.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatched

hisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。2021/5/9111.能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！

make,let,have,keep,leave,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,find,feel等。怎么记？2021/5/912Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting2021/5/9131.Isawthem______(force)thedooropenwithahammer.2.Weheardthem_________(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.3.Iheardhim________(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.

forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:2021/5/9142.有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作宾补。Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.2021/5/915分词作状语,表示动作发生的条件、原因、结果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。六分词作状语作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。2021/5/916Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.IfIaminvited,I’llgotoyourparty.Invited,I’llgotoyourparty.条件状语作条件状语一般放在句首作条件状语一般放在句首2021/5/917原因状语作原因状语一般放在句首作原因状语一般放在句首Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.Satisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.2021/5/918让步状语作让步状语一般放在句首作让步状语一般放在句首Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Studyinghard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.Borninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.2021/5/919时间状语作时间状语一般放在句首作时间状语一般放在句首WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.Surroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.2021/5/920在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_______thebook,Ifindituseful.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_______foralongtime,thebooklooksold.UsedUsing2021/5/921

从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。

____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen2021/5/922Fourpeopleenteredtheroomand

lookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,looking…Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwas

followedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.并列句作伴随状语多放于句末2021/5/923Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.方式状语或结果状语作方式状语或结果多放于句末2021/5/924Fourpeopleenteredtheroomand

lookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,looking…Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwas

followedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.并列句作伴随状语多放于句末2021/5/925分词作状语时的时态和语态：1）分词的时态：2）分词的语态一般式:doingdone完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone1）一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生。

1.Hearingthenews,he

jumpedwithjoy.

2.

Surroundedbythestudents,theteacher

wasansweringquestionsonebyone.2021/5/9262）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。

___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.

Notreceiving

B.Receivingnot

C.Nothavingreceived

D.Havingnotreceived

可理解为：Becausehehadnotreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.1.Ashehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.=Havingfinishedhishomework,he

wentout.2.Becauseshehadnotgotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.=Nothavinggotareply,she

decidedtowritetohimagain.2021/5/927完成被动式：havingbeendone表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义(现代英语中往往用过去分词done替代)Havingbeenpraisedforhisjob,Tom

workedharder.=Praisedforhisjob,Tom

workedharder.______byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.A.Beingbitten

B.BittenC.Havingbeenbitten

D.bothBandC2021/5/928一、有些惯用的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个插入语generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来frankly

speaking…坦白地说judgingfrom/by…根据……来判断considering…考虑到……supposing假如，如果几点注意2021/5/9291.Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.

一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。2.Judging

fromhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.

从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3.Consideringhisage,hediditquitewell.

考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。4.Supposingitrains，whatwillyoudo？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？2021/5/930二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上when,while,before,after,until,once,though,although,unless,asif,evenif,aslongas等Once

losingthischance,youcan’teasilyfindit.2.If

allowedtoreadinthereadingroom,

youshouldkeepquiet.3.When

leavingthestation,hewavedagainandagaintome.2021/5/931三、当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用“on＋动名词”的结构，翻译成“一……就……”,能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词；如look,hear,see,open,close等。Hearingthenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.=Onhearingthenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.___

________thecase,Isawthebirdflyoutofit.

一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。Onopening2021/5/932Revision:_______isbelieving.眼见为实。Inthesummerweenjoy_______(坐)underthebigtree.Herjobis_________________________(照顾婴儿）。

Thestoryis___________(有趣的)。

Howcanyoukeepher_______(等待)intherain.Theman___________________(站在那里）ismyfather.Finishthesentences.Seeingsittingtakingcareofthebabiesinterestingwaitingstandingoverthere主语宾语表语（动名词）表语（现在分词）宾语补足语定语2021/5/933句型转换：Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedwithjoy._________thenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Asshewasill,shewenthome.________ill,shewenthome.3.Thegirlcameinandshesmiled.Thegirlcamein___________.Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper.Shesatatthedesk_________anewspaper.HearingBeingsmilingreading表伴随状况时间状语原因状语方式状语2021/5/934Tellthedifferences:1.Shekeepthemanwaitingintherain.2.Iwillgivethepresenttothestudentgettingthefirstplace.3.Beingill,shewenthome.Questions:1.现在分词分别作什么成分？

2.现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？宾补定语状语

宾补的逻辑主语是宾语；定语的逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词；V-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。2021/5/935

Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Not________(know)hisaddress,Icouldn’tgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookout(小心）forcarswhen___________(cross)thestreet.3.Not_________________(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.knowingcrossinghavingbeeninvited2021/5/9364.Hedivedintothewater,_______(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed(暴露）.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinned(别在）tothedoor,________(read写着)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._______(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7._______________(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.leavingreadingTakingHavingclosed2021/5/937Grammarquiz语法小测

1.When_____differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcomparedC2021/5/9382.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always______thesamething.A.sayingB.said

C.tosayD.havingsaidA2021/5/9391.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.

NothavingworkingSeeing单句改错2021/5/9404.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.5.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.6.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingmakingspeaking2021/5/9411.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.ExaminingChoosethebestanswer.2021/5/9422.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD