环境生态学（双语）知到章节答案智慧树2023年青岛科技大学、长江大学

环境生态学（双语）知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新青岛科技大学、长江大学任务一测试

Traditionalecologyincludes().

参考答案:

Population

;Community

;Ecosystem

;Organism

Experimentshavesomeelementsincommon，including().

参考答案:

Randomization

;TreatmentGroups

;Alltheabove

;ControlGroups

Thestudyofenvironmentinfluenceontheevolutionoforganisms.Naturalselection,evolutionofpopulationsis().

参考答案:

EvolutionEcology

Thestudyofhowgroupsofindividuals(belongingtothesamespecies)grow(orshrink)andreproduce.Dependingonthenatureofthespecies,manyfactors(foodavailability,competition,predationetc.)mayaffectpopulationgrowthis().

参考答案:

Populationecology

AecosystemconsistsoftwobasicinteractingcomponentsofBioticandAbiotic.（）

参考答案:

对

任务二测试

Inahydrologiccycle,thereareprocessosof().

参考答案:

Infiltration

;Precipitation

;Interception

;Groundwaterrecharge

Whatfactorsdeterminethepopulationgrowth?（）

参考答案:

emigrationrate

;immigrationrate

;birthrate

;deathrate

Freshwaterishyperosmotic.()

参考答案:

对

Saltwaterishypoosmotic.（）

参考答案:

对

whenasystemdeviatesfromthenormalordesiredstate,mechanismsfunctiontorestorethesystembacktothatstate，itiscallednegativefeedback.（）

参考答案:

对

任务三测试

Assumeapopulation,att=0,populationsizeisN(0),ratioofpopulationsizechangeinoneyeartothesizeoftheproceedingyear.Thismodelis().

参考答案:

geometricgrowthmodel

Theproportionsofeachindividualineachageclassisagestructure.()

参考答案:

对

Thepurposeoflifetableistoprovideaclearandsystematicpictureofmortalityandsurvivalwithinapopulation.Canalsobeusedtosimulatepopulationsizechange.（）

参考答案:

对

IntrinsicrateofincreasecanNOTbeestimatedfromthelifetable.（）

参考答案:

对

Birthrateandsurvivorshipdeterminenetreproductiverate.()

参考答案:

对

ThenumberofindividualsofapopulationtheenvironmentcansupportisCarryingcapacity.（）

参考答案:

对

任务四测试

InteractionsbenefitbothspeciesisMutualism.()

参考答案:

对

Benefitone,butdonoharmonanotheriscommensalism.（）

参考答案:

对

Arelationshipoftwoorganismslivingtogether(symbiosis)andonederivesitsnourishmentattheexpenseoftheotheriscalledParasitism.（）

参考答案:

对

Twoconsumerssharethesameresource,eachreducestheavailabilityofresourcesoftheother.Itiscalledcompetition.（）

参考答案:

对

Dynamicsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsreflectmutualevolutionaryresponses.()

参考答案:

对

任务五测试

PopulationsarelimitedbythesingleresourcethatismostscarcerelativetodemandiscalledLiebig'slawofminimum.（）

参考答案:

对

ThetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodeliscalledLokta-VolterraModel.（）

参考答案:

对

SpaceisNon-renewableresource.（）

参考答案:

对

Lokta-VolterraModelisderivedfromlogisticgrowthequationandaddinfluenceofanotherspecies(acompetitioncomponent.（）

参考答案:

对

Interspecificcompetitionreducestheequilibriumlevelofapopulationbelowthecarryingcapacity.()

参考答案:

对

Thetheoryofcompetitionandcoexistenceisanextensionoflogisticgrowthmodel(Lokta-VolterraModel).（）

参考答案:

对

Unstablesituation,bothinhibitinadensitydependentmanner.Dependingoninitialdensity,eithercanmakeotherextinct，competitioncangoeitherway.（）

参考答案:

对

Eachspeciesinhibitsitsownpopulationgrowthmorethancompetitor.Neithercaneliminatecompetitor,itiscoexistence.（）

参考答案:

对

AsymmetriccompetitioncanNOToccurwhendifferentfactorslimitthepopulationsofcompetitors.（）

参考答案:

错

Thereare（）possibleoutcomesofinterspecificcompetition.()

参考答案:

four

任务六测试

Manypredatorandpreypopulationsincreaseanddecreaseinregularcycles.（）

参考答案:

对

Lotka-VolterramodelcanNOTbestabilizedbypredatorsatiation.（）

参考答案:

错

Consumer-ResourcesystemcanhaveONLYonestablestate.()

参考答案:

错

FactorscanINCREASEoscillationofpredator-preymodels.（）

参考答案:

错

Thereisacyclicalriseandfallinboththepredatorandpreypopulationswithtime.（）

参考答案:

对

Asurprisingpredictionofthepradationmodelisthatincreaseinrofpreygrowthleadstoanincreaseinpredatorpopulation,nottheprey.（）

参考答案:

对

Anincreaseinthebirthrateofpreyincreasesthepredatorpopulation,butnothepreypopulation.（）

参考答案:

对

Consumer-Resourcesystemcanhavetwoormorestablestates.（）

参考答案:

错

Pathogen-hostdynamicscanbedescribedbyS-I-Rmodel.（）

参考答案:

对

Thechangeinpredatorandpreypopulationstogetherfollowsaclosedcyclethatcombinestheindividualchangesinthepredatorandpreypopulation,itiscalledjointpopulationtrajectory.（）

参考答案:

对

任务七测试

Agroupofspeciesthatcoexistinaspaceandtimeandinteractwithoneanotherdirectlyorindirectlyiscalledcommunity.（）

参考答案:

对

PlaceswheremanyspeciesreachtheedgesoftheirdistributionsiscalledEcotons.（）

参考答案:

对

Theindirecteffectsofconsumer-resourceinteractionsextendthroughadditionaltrophiclevelsofacommunityiscalledTrophiccascade.（）

参考答案:

对

Aspeciesthathasadisproportionate不成比例impactonthecommunityrelativetoitsabundanceiscalledKeystonespecies.（）

参考答案:

对

Relativeabundancemeanscountingallindividualsofeachspeciesinanumberofsampleplotswithinacommunityanddeterminingwhatpercentageeachcontributestothetotalnumberofindividualofallspecies.()

参考答案:

对

Speciesrichnessmeansnumberofspecieswithinthecommunity.()

参考答案:

对

Energyflowwebmeansconnectionsbetweenspeciesarequantifiedbythefluxofenergybetweenaresourceanditsconsumer.()

参考答案:

对

Functionalwebmeansinfluenceonthegrowthrateofotherspeciespopulation.()

参考答案:

对

Connectednesswebemphasizefeedingrelationshipsamongspecies,portrayed描绘aslinksinfoodweb.()

参考答案:

对

任务八测试

Theprocessofgradualand(seemingly)directionalchangeinthestructuralofthecommunitythroughtimeiscalledSuccession.()

参考答案:

对

Primarysuccessionoccursonnewlyexposedsubstrates.()

参考答案:

对

Monoclimaxhypothesisviewcommunityasahighlyintegratedsuperorganism,theprocessofsuccessionrepresentsgradualandprogressivedevelopmentofcommunitytoultimateorclimaxstage.()

参考答案:

对

Successionbecomesself-limitingasitapproachestheclimax.()

参考答案:

对

Successionisaseriesofchangesleadingtoastableclimax,whosecharacterisdeterminedbylocalenvironment.Onceestablished,abeech-mapleforestperpetuatesitself,anditsgeneralappearancechangeslittledespiteconstantreplacementofindividualswithinthecommunity.()

参考答案:

对

任务九测试

Bioticcommunityandabioticenvironmentfunctioningasasystem.Includesorganism-complexandwholecomplexofphysicalfactorsiscalledecosystem.()

参考答案:

对

Ratioofcarbonfixed(photosynthesis)perunitofwaterlost(transpiration)iscalledWaterUseEfficiency.()

参考答案:

对

Theratioofdrymatterproductiontotheassimilationofaparticularnutrientelement,usuallyexpressedasgramspergramiscalledNutrientuseefficiency(NUE).()

参考答案:

对

Standingcropbiomassisamountofaccumulatedorganicma