理论城市公园设计步骤

LandscapeplanninganddesignHowtoDesignaGardenIntroductionLandscapeStyleOptionsToday’slandscapestylescanbedividedintocategoriesinwhichvaryingproportionsofgeometricandnaturalisticpatternsarecombined:Geometric-Structural–geometricstructureisprimaryandplantsplayaminorrole.Geometric-Natural–structuredominates,butplantsandothernaturalelementsplayanimportant,perhapsnearlyequalrole.Natural-Structural–plants,rocks,waterandearthformsdominate,butthereisaclearsenseofgeometricarrangement.Natural–naturalelementsandmaterialsdominateandthereisnoobvioushuman-determinedformorstructure.Asyougothroughtheplanninganddesignstepsthatfollow,youshouldhaveinmindwhichofthesegeneraldesignstylesyouwanttoachieve.LandscapePlanningThissectiontakesyouthroughtherequiredplanningsteps.Youwillfindtheseitemshelpful:–Largewhitepaperor1/10or1/8inchgraphpaper(graphpaperiseasiertouse)–Solidtableorboardtodrawon–Maskingtapetoholdpaperinplace–Rulerorscalemarkedineightsortenthsofaninch–Leadpencil–Eraser–Lightweight,“see-through”tracingpaper–T-square,triangle,circletemplateandcompassSTEP.01DrawaBaseMapDrawaBaseMapThissectiontakesyouthroughtherequiredplanningsteps.Youwillfindtheseitemshelpful:–Largewhitepaperor1/10or1/8inchgraphpaper(graphpaperiseasiertouse)–Solidtableorboardtodrawon–Maskingtapetoholdpaperinplace–Rulerorscalemarkedineightsortenthsofaninch–Leadpencil–Eraser–Lightweight,“see-through”tracingpaper–T-square,triangle,circletemplateandcompassDrawaBaseMapNext,drawthelocationofyourhouse,usingthesamescale.Drawinexistinglotoryardfeatures,including:–Garage,ifunattached–Otherbuildingsintheareatobelandscaped(suchasbarn,siloandstorageshed)–Drivewaysandsidewalks–Undergroundandoverheadutilitylines:electric,telephone,waterandgas–Septictank(ordrywell),drainfieldandventorsanitarysewerlines–Trees,shrubs,andotherplantstobepreserved(don’tbothernotingthoseyouplantoremove)STEP.02AnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:AnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:VegetationAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:VegetationTopographyAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:VegetationTopographyDrainageAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:VegetationTopographyDrainageSoilAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadTodevelopthebestdesign,youneedaphysicalandvisualanalysisofyourlotorfarmsteadthattakesintoaccountbothnaturalandman-madefeatures.Inventorythefollowingcategoriesofnaturalfeaturesonyourlot:VegetationTopographyDrainageSoilClimateAnalyzeyourlotorfarmsteadRecordlotfeaturesbysketchingthemontracingpaperplacedoveryourbasemap.Onthetracingpaper,indicatewitharrowsorothersymbols:–Majordifferencesinlandsurfaceelevation–includehills,depressionsandrockoutrcroppings–Topographyanddrainagepatterns–Prevailingsummerandwinterwinds–Goodviewstobekeptorenhanced.–Poorviewsandannoyingsoundstobescreened–OtherfeaturesthatseemsignificantSTEP.03AnalyzehowyourLotorFarmsteadRelatestotheNeighborhoodAnalyzehowyourLotorFarmsteadRelatestotheNeighborhoodAsurveyofyourneighborhoodwillsuggestlandscapepossibilities.Itwillalsohelpyoua