任务型阅读专练-任务型阅读专练

任务型阅读

(―)

Everyonehasgottwopersonalities(性格)-theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheother

thatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'rea・wakebecauseyou

cancontrolyourbehaviour,butwhenyou'reasleep,yoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Ina

normalnight,ofcourse,peoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheone

thatyougotosleepin.

•Ifyougotosleeponyourback,you'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleand

youareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon'tliketoupsetpeople,soyounever

expressyourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.

•Oilyousleeponyourstomach,youarearathersecretiveperson.Youworryalotand

you'realwayseasilyupset.You'reverystubborn,butyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylive

fbrtodaynotfbrtomorrow.Thismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtime.

•Ifyousleeponcurling(蜷缩)up,youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealow

opinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendefensive.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeeting

people.Youpreferto.

•Ifyousleeponyourside,youhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyour

strengthsandweakness.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimes

feelanxious,butyoudon,toftengetdepressed.Youalwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoys

people.

76.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

77.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Youalwayssticktoyourownopinion,butyoudon'thavefar-reachinggoals.

78.Pleasefillintheblankwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.

(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

79.Whichofthepositionsdoyouthinkistruetoyou?Howcanyouimprovetheweaknessof

yourpersonalities?(Pleaseanswerwithin30words.)

80.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphintoChinese.

参考答案：

76.Sleepingpositionsandpersonalities

解析：从第段yoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou,句以及后文的分析可以判断，一个

人的睡觉姿势与性格有关系.

77.You'reverystubborn,butyouaren'tveryambitious.

解析：要答对该题，你要抓住两个点，一是sticktoyourownopinion,再就是havefar-reaching

goals,只要搞清楚这两个点的含义，就不难得出问题答案了.

78.beonyourown/stayalone

解析：根据上文You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeople.一句很容易能够判断出

下文应该是Youprefertobeonyourself/stayalone.

79.（该题为开放性问题，要求学生根据自己的情况作答，一般没有标准答案，只要考生能够自

己属于哪种睡姿，并且能够根据这种睡姿所显示的缺点提出相应的正确改正的意见即可）

80.当你醒着时，你不会表露出你隐藏的性格，因为你能控制自己的行为；但是当你睡着时,

你的睡姿会显露出真正的你。

（二）

Everyyear,wheneverSpringFestivalarrives,alotofChinesepeoplecannotwaittogo

home.Theyqueueforlonghoursinfrontoftheticketofficesinrailwaystations,ordowhatever

theycaninordertogetaticket.Theytoleratethelongjourneyonthetrainonlytowantto

withtheirnearanddearones.

AccordingtoTheBeijingYouthDaily,mostChinesecelebratetheSpringFestivalnotonly

becausetheywanttofollowtradition,therearealsosomepracticalreasonstoexplainChinese

people'sfeverfortheholiday.Comparedwithone'sworkplace,homeprovidesamorehumane

environmentforonetorelaxoneself.

Societymaydowithorwithoutyou,butathome,youbecomeuniqueandindispensable.

Youmaybethefatherormother,daughterorson,grandfatherorgrandmotherinthefamilyand

thefamilywillbeincompleteifanyoneisabsent,becauseeverymemberinthefamilyisbound

together,andeveryoneinthefamilyispleasedwiththefeelingthatheorsheisuniqueand

irreplaceable.

Inaddition,familyprovidesanidealenvironmentforonetofullyrelaxoneself.Athome,

onecantakeone'stimedowhateverheorshewants,andonecanspendmoneywheneverone

likes.Insociety,however,oneneedstodoeverythingfastandwithhighefficiency,because

societyalwaysrequiresefficiencyandmaximumprofits.Suchcompanyprinciplesmakepeople

merelyatoolinmodemsociety.

Chinesepeople'sstrongdesirefbrSpringFestivalshowsthattheyfeeloppressedandhavea

senseofpredicament（困境）ofexistenceinmodemsociety.TheSpringFestivalprovidesachance

fbrthemtoescapefromsuchanxietyandtreasurethelong-losttraditionofcommunityspirit.With

theSpringFestival,peoplecanfindbackthewarm,familyatmosphereoftenseenindaysgoneby.

1.What'sthepassagemainlytalkingabout?（Pleaseanswerwithin10words.）

2.Fillintheblankswithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.（Pleaseanswer

within10words.）

3.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Youmaynotbeanecessarypartinsociety,butinyourfamily,youareveryimportantand

nooneelsecantaketheplaceofyou.

4.DoyouthinkhomeisimportantforChinesetocelebratetheSpringFestival?Whyorwhynot?

（Pleaseanswerwithin30words.）

5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphintoChinese.

参考答案：

1.WhySpringFestivalissoimportanttoChinesepeople./WhysomanyChinesegohomeduring

SpringFestival/WhyChinesegettogetherforSpringFestival

2.haveafamilyreunion/haveaget-together/haveawonderfultime/gettogether/gather

3.Societymaydowithorwithoutyou,butathome,youbecomeuniqueandindispensable.

4.Yes.ForaChinese,familyprovidesanidealenvironmenttofullyrelaxoneselfandthefamily

givesyouthefeelingofbeinguniqueandirreplaceable.

5.在春节，人们可以找回往日岁月常见的那种温馨和谐的家庭气氛。

（三）

Electronicdevices（装置）arechangingthewaypeoplelistentomusic.Butstudiesshowthe

devicesmaybecausinghearinglossinmanypeople.Someexpertssaypeoplemaybeplaying

themtooloudandfortoolong.Andexpertssaysoundlevelsonthesedevicesneedtobesetlower.

Researchersdidastudywiththreehundredhighschoolstudentsandonethousandadults.

Theywereaskedabouttheiruseofportablemusicdevices.Fortypercentofstudentsandadults

saidtheysetthesoundlevelsathighontheirplayers.Butstudentsweretwotimesmorelikelyto

playthemusicataveryloudvolume（音量）.Morethanhalfofthestudentssaidtheywould

probablynotlimittheirlisteningtime.

Thestudyfoundthatmorethanhalfofthestudentsandlessthanfortypercentoftheadults

hadatleastonekindofhearingloss.Somereporteddifficultyhearingpartsofadiscussion

betweentwopeople.Otherssaidtheyhadtoraisevolumecontrolsonatelevisionorradiotohear

itbetter.And,someexperiencedringingintheirearsorothernoises.

Hearingexpertssaypartoftheproblemisthelisteningequipmentpeopleareusing.Theysay

largeearphonesthatcoverthewholeearareprobablysaferthanthesmallerearbuds（耳塞）that

comewithmostmusicplayers.Hearinglossmaynotbeobviousforyears,however,onceit

happens,thereisfewchanceofcuring.AboutthirtymillionAmericanshavesomehearingloss.

Onethirdofthemlosttheirhearingasaresultofloudnoises.

TheAmericanSpeech-Language-HearingAssociationisworkingwithcompaniesand

governmentofficialsonsettingrulesforuseofportablemusicdevices.Thegroupsaysthebest

waytoprotectyourhearingisto,limitlisteningtimeanduse

earphonesthatblockoutforeignnoises.

1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

2.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Comparedtoadults,teenagersarcmorelikelytoturnuptheirplayers.

3.Pleasefillintheblankinthelastparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethe

sentence.(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

4.Whattroublewillhappentopersonifhesufferssomehearingloss?(Pleasegiveatleasttwo

examplesmentioneditthepassage,eachwithin15words.)

5.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphintoChinese.

参考答案：

1.Hearinglosscausedbyelectronicdevices./Electronicdevicesmaycausehearingloss.

（评分要求：根据文章内容和与参考答案的意思相近的程度酌情给分。只写出类似

“HearingLoss”等过于笼统答案的，不得分。）

2.Butstudentsweretwotimesmorelikelytoplaythemusicataveryloudvolume.

（评分要求：要求准确找出以上的句子，并完整无误的抄写在题目要求的位置。）

3.reducethevolume/turndowntheplayer

（评分要求：要求给出的答案能保持与上下文的连贯性，而且与参考答案的意思相近。

凡是能明确表达"调低音量'’之含义，且表述无误者，都得分）

4.1.Failingtohearpartsofadiscussionbetweentwopeople.

2.HavingtoraisevolumewhilewatchingTV.

3.Ringingintheirearsorothernoises.

（评分要求：根据文章内容和与参考答案的意思相近的程度酌情给分。能列举出三条问

题中的两条即可，要注意对原文句子的修改，字数超出者扣1分，与答案不同，但意思

和表达无误者，都得分。只要说出一条者，得1分。）

5.听力损伤也许多年都不被察觉（表现不明显），但它一旦发生，就几乎没有治愈的可能。

（评分要求：要求在准确、全面的基础上，翻译成较为通顺的汉语，并表达出作者的思

路。）

（四）

Inthemodemsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueit

highlyRelievingthatitisresponsiblefbrsocialprogressandprosperity（繁荣）.Otherssaythat

competitionisbad,thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother,thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationship

betweenpeople.

Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirself-worthreliedonhowwellthey

performedattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-anddeath

affairs.Intheirsingle-mindedpursuitofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualities

issadlyforgotten.

However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.

Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,they

stronglyblamecompetition.Amongthosewhocomplainmostareyoungsterswhohavesuffered

undercompetitivepressuresfiromtheirDarentsorsociety.Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioften

observeinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.

Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:"Imayhavelost,butitdoesn*tmatterbecauseIreally

didn*ttry."Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,

.Suchalosswouldbethemeasureoftheirworth.

Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatoftruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Both

arebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone'sself-respectreliesonhowwelloneperfbnnsin

comparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoften

troublesomefearbeginstodissolve（缓解）canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?（Pleaseanswerwithin15words.）

2.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Althoughitseemsthatsomearedyingtosucceed,othersthinkdifferently.

3.Pleasefillintheblankinthe3rdparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethe

sentence.（Pleaseanswerwithin10words.）

4.What*syourattitudetowardcompetition?（Pleaseanswerwithin30words.）

5.Translatetheunderlinedsentenceinthe3rdparagraphintoChinese.

参考答案：

1.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.

2.Whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.

3.thatwouldmeanalot

4.AsfarasIamconcerned,Pminfavorofcompetition.Faircompetitioncanbringaboutsocial

progressandprosperityaswellaspersonaldevelopment.

5.在那些最抱怨竞争的人中，就有深受来自你父母或社会竞争压力之苦的年轻人。

（五）

Alongcarjourneycanbeanightmare（噩梦）foreveryone,whethertheyareadultsor

children,passengersordrivers.Thedriveratleasthassomethingthatheorsheneedsto

concentrateonbutfortheotheroccupantsofthecar,thejourneycanbeboring,uncomfortable,

andcanmakeyoufeelsick.Moreover,passengerswhosufferduringcarjourneyscancausestress

andanxietytothedriver,whomaythereforeloseconcentrationandcauseanaccident.

Withthisprobleminmind,doctorsandchildpsychiatristshaverecommendedaseriesof

thingstodoandnotdotomakethesejourneyslessstressful.

♦Surveyssuggestthatamajorcauseofargumentsoncarjourneysis,and

evidenceshowsthatdriversoperatebetteriftheyarelisteningtosomethingoftheirownchoice.

Thismeansthat,especiallywhendifferentgenerationsaretraveling,everyoneexceptthedriver

whowantstolistentomusicshouldbeequippedwiththeirownsourceofmusicorradio.

♦Byfarthemostsuccessfulstrategy,especiallyiftherearechildreninthecar,istoturnthe

journeyintoafuntaskofsomekind.Forexample,childrencanbeissuedwithanillustrated

worksheet,offeringthemthechancetotickoffthingsthattheysee-abluemotorwayroadsign,

forexample,oraparticularkindoftree.

♦Itisofcourseimportanttohavesufficientprovisions（储备物）forthetrip,withwateron

thetopofthelist.However,doctorsarenowwarningparentsagainstgivingtheirchildrenfast

fooditemsandfizzy（起，包EKj）drinks,thekindofthingsthatcausehyperactivityandcancreate

tensionandproblems.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?（Pleaseanswerwithin10words）

2.Fillintheblankinthethirdparagraphofthepassagetocompletethesentence.（Please

answerwithin10words）

3.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Forchildrenpassengers,themostefficientwayistomakethejourneymoreenjoyable.

4.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphintoproperChinese.

5.Whatdoyouthinkaretheneededsufficientprovisionsforchildrenduringthetrip?

(Pleaseanswerwithin20words)

参考答案：

1.答案：Togiveaguidetomakejourneyslessstressful/DosandDon'tstomakejourneysless

stressful/Howtomakelongjourneyslessstressful?/Tipsonhowtomakejourneys

comfbrtable/pleasant/enjoyable.....

解析：根据Withthisprobleminmind,doctorsandchildpsychiatristshaverecommendeda

seriesofthingstodoandnotdotomakethesejourneyslessstressful可以知道文章的大意是关

于如何使长途旅行的乘客减轻压力的建议。

评分建议：与上述主题内容相关，无语法、拼写错误即可得3分。关键词：journeyjess

stressful.

2.答案：whattolistento

解析：参照上下文，我们可以推断出这里应填的的内容是“听什么东西”。

3.答案：Byfarthemostsuccessfulstrategy,especiallyiftherearechildreninthecar.istoturnthe

journeyintoafuntaskofsomekind.

解析：给出句的mostefficient对应mostsuccessful,给出句的forchildrenpassengers对应if

therearechildreninthecar，所以应该是本句。

4.答案：而且，乘客们在旅途中的不良反应能给司机带来压力和焦虑.司机可能因此注意

力分散而导致交通事故。

解析：本句有两个who引导的定语从句，分别修饰乘客和司机，这是在翻译中应该注意的;

另外，suffer的内容在上文中有明确提示。

5.答案：Water,milk,sweats,fruits,breadtoeat,toystoplay,etc.

解析：这是个开放性问题，要求学生回答在旅途中需要为孩子们

准备什么需要的储备物，要考虑到吃的和玩的等几个方面，学生只要言之有理，就可以自由

发挥，但是注意withwateronthetopofthelist,所以water必须有；doctorsarenowwarning

parentsagainstgivingtheirchildrenfastfooditemsandfizzydrinks,所以与此有关的饮食不能作

为答案。

Direction:matchtheheadingswiththeparagraphs.(Therearemoreheadingsthan

paragraphs,soyouwillnotuseallofthem.)

Hollywoodmoviesareregularlyfilledwithsexandviolence.Theycanbe

excitingfilmsbutsometimesallyouwantisalittlelight-heartedentertainment.

1.__________________________________________________________________

HaveyouheardofBollywood?Allsinging,alldancingandunrealistic,itis

theperfectalternativetonormalHollywoodmovies.BollywoodistheIndianfilm

industry,basedinMumbai,formerlyknownasBombay.MostChineseschoolkids

haveprobablyneverseenanIndianfilm.YetBollywoodisthelargestproducerof

filmsintheworld.ThisyeartheIndianFilmgareAwards,Bollywood'sOsers,turn50

yearsold.

2.__________________________________________________________________

ThetypicalBollywoodmovieusuallyhasthefollowingingredients:acupof

romance,atea-spoonofcomedy,adashofinternationalsight-seeing,servedwitha

hugesliceofsinginganddancing.Therewillalsobeonebravehero,onebeautiful

heroineandonebaddie.Theresultisafun-filledmusical.

3.__________________________________________________________________

Thereisneveranymentionofpolitics,povertyorwar.Theactorschange

clothesandlocationswithinasinglesong.Buttheaudiencedon'tmind.ToIndian

movielovers,especiallythepoor,suchfilmsareagatewaytoheavenandthestarsare

theirgods.Thefilmstakethemtoamagicalworldawayfromtheireverydaytroubles.

Thefilmstellthemtheimpossibleispossibleandthattrueloveconquersall.

4.__________________________________________________________________

But,behindthebeautifulscenes,Bollywoodstillemphasizestraditionalfamilyvalues.

Inmostfilms,iftwoloverswanttobreakanarrangedmarriage,theycan*tjustrun

away.Theymustwinovertheirparents.

5.__________________________________________________________________

Soifyou'retiredofallthatHollywoodactions,checkoutthefollowing

Bollywoodfilms.Theywilltakeyoutoabrighter,cheerierandmorecolourfulworld,

whereit*sstillcooltodancearoundatreeandsingalovesong.

A.Bollywoodpaysgreatattentiontotraditionalvalues.

B.BollywoodisleesfamousthanHollywood,andyetitproducethemostfilmsin

theworld.

C.Bollywoodfilmsarefullofidealthingsandfreeofdailyworries.

D.Bollywoodisadecentrefreshingreplacementfbrthoseover-stimulating

Hollywoodfilms.

E.Bollywoodhasgraduallywonitsreputationontheworldstage.

F.Bollywoodfilmsaremostlycomicromanceswithlight-heartedincidentalmusic.

任务型阅读2

YouseemtobeaWetBlanket(apersonwhodoesn'tenjoyhimself/herselfandthusprevents

othersfromenjoyingthemselves)whenitcomestonatureandyourkid.Youaremostlikelya

caring,protectiveparentwhowantstokeepyourchildsafeandsound.Youmaybesodetermined

toprotectyourkidfromdirt,sunburn,frostbite,orscratchesthatyoutrytoavoidtheoutdoors.Or

youmayjustfindmuddyclothesandsandytoesrequiretoomuchextrawork.Perhapsyouhateto

getdirtyyourself.Thenaturalworldmayjustmakeyounervousandyoumightworrythosebugs

andbatswillsuckyoudry.Itmaybethatyoujustnevergotthechancetobeoutdoorswhenyou

wereakidandnowknownothingaboutwhattodowithyourkid.

Whileitiseverycare-giver^jobtoprotecttheirkid,yourworriesmaycauseyourchildto

growupasaWetBlanketaswell.Ifyouprefertheindoorsyourself,youmaybekeepingyourkid

fromoutdoorexperienceswithoutevenrealizingit.Yourattitudesaboutnaturehaveahuge

influenceonhowcomfortableyourkidwillfeeloutside.Youmayneedtogoagainstyourown

natureand“openthedoor”togetyourkidoutside!

Youmayalreadyseethevalueinhelpingkidsspendtimeoutsideinnatureandknowthat

playinginnaturalsettingshelpschildrengrowupmentally.Perhapsyoualreadyintroduceyour

childtonaturethroughbooks,museums,andzoos.Maybeyoujustneedsomeideasofwhattodo

withkidsoutside•Trysomesimplenatureactivitieswithyourkid,orsign-upfor

professionally-lednatureprogramstodevelopyourskills.Whileitmaybeachallengefbryouto

overcomeyourownnervousnessaboutnature,youcanraiseachildwho.

OneoftheeasiestwaysyouCangetyourkidoutsideistobecomeaDoorOpener.Evenif

youdon'tenjoyplayinginthemudyoucantakebreathandletthemloose!Undirectedtimeto

explorenatureisanimportantpartofraisingacaringkid.Thismightbefreetimeinthe

backyard,allowinghimtowanderaheadonawalkorsimplyprovidingherwithmaterialsfbra

project.Puttingasideyourownnervousnessandproviding"in-the・wings''supportwillenrich

yourchild'sjourneyasanaturelover!Beltoutasong,buildasnowman,watchtheclouds,or

plantaseedwithyourchild.Helpyourchildconnecthiscreativesidewithnature.

76.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

77.Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?

Maybeyou'veknownthebenefitsofplayingoutsideandrealizedthatitCanhelpbuildup

yourkid'sinnerworld.

78.Pleasefillintheblankinthethirdparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethe

sentence.(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

79.Whichdoyouthinkisthebeatwaytogetyouandyourkidoutside?Why?(Pleaseanswer

within30words.)

80.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphintoChinese.

Key：

76.GetYourKid(s)Outside!/Bringkid(s)toNature/Care-givers,Don'tBeaWetBlanket

/Don'tBeaWetblankettoKids

77.Youmayalreadyseethevalueinhelpingkidsspendtimeoutsideinnatureandknowthat

playinginnaturalsettingshelpschildrengrowupmentally.

78.ishappyandconfidentinthenaturalworld/lovesnature/likesoutdooractivities

79.Theanswermayvary.

80.放下你的紧张感并从旁边提供支持将使你孩子的自然爱好者之旅丰富多彩。

a.Needed:Fulltimesecretarypositionavailable.Applicantsshouldhaveatleast2years

experienceandbeabletotype60wordsaminute.Nocomputerskillsrequired.Applyin

personatUnitedBusinessLtd.,17BrowningStreet

b.Areyoulookingfbraparttimejob?Werequire3parttimeshopassistantstoworkduringthe

evening.Noexperiencerequired.Applicantsshouldbebetween18and26.Call366-

76564fbrmoreinfbnnation.

c.Computertrainedsecretaries:Doyouhaveexperienceworkingwithcomputers?Wouldyou

likeafulltimepositionworkinginanexcitingnewcompany?Ifyouranswerisyes,giveusa

callat457-896754

d.TeacherNeeded:Tommy'sKindergartenneeds2teacher/trainerstohelpwithclassesfrom9

a.m.to3p.m.Applicantsshouldhaveappropriatelicenses.Formoreinformationvisit

Tommy'sKindergarteninLeicesterSquareNo.56

e.PartTimeworkavailable:Wearelookingfbrretiredadultswhowouldliketoworkparttime

attheweekend.Responsibilitiesincludeansweringthetelephoneandgivingcustomers

infonnation.Formoreinformationcontactusbycalling345-674132

f.Universitypositionsopen:TheUniversityofCumberlandislookingfor4teachingassistants

tohelpwithhomeworkcorrection.Applicantsshouldhaveadegreeinoneofthefollowing:

PoliticalScience,Religion,EconomicsorHistory.PleasecontacttheUniversityof

Cumberlandformoreinformation.

任务型阅读3

请阅读以下职位申请者的信息，然后匹配申请者和他/她拟要申请的职位：

JackAnderson.JackgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTrentwithadegreeinEconomicstwoyears

ago.Hewouldlikeanacademicposition.

MargaretLillian.Margaretis21yearsoldandwouldlikeaparttimepositiontohelpherpayher

universityexpenses.Shecanonlyworkintheevenings.

AliceFingelhamm.Alicewastrainedasasecretaryandhassixyearsofexperience.Sheisan

excellenttypistbutdoesnotknowhowtouseacomputer.Sheislookingforafulltimeposition.

PeterFlorian.Peterwenttobusinessschoolandstudiedcomputerandsecretarialskills.Heis

lookingforhisfirstjobandwouldlikeafulltimeposition.

LynneNagata.Lynne,aged65,onceworkedinakindergarten.Sheisnowahousewife,helping

herdaughterwithherhouseworkonweekdays.Sheislookingforaparttimejob.

申请者申请职位

61.JackAndersonA.fulltimesecretary

62.MargaretLillianB.parttimeshopassistant

63.AliceFingelhammC.computertrainedsecretary

64.PeterFlorianD.kindergartenteacher

65.LynneNagataE.parttimejobattheweekend

F.universityteachingassistant

任务型阅读4

IntellectualDisability

APeoplewithintellectualdisabilityformoneofthelargestsingledisabilitygroups

inacommunity.Intellectualdisabilityreferstoageneralslownesstolearnand

functionwithinsociety,andtheidentificationofintellectualdisabilityisusuallybased

onanassessmentofaperson'sperformanceinavarietyoftests.Anindividuafslevel

ofperformance,asassessed,canchangewithtimeandcircumstances.Withskilled

trainingandopportunityfordevelopment,peoplewithintellectualdisabilityhave

muchgreaterpotentialfbracquiringskillsandforparticipationincommunitylifethan

previouslyhadbeenthoughtpossible.

BInmanywesternsocieties,fivecategoriesofintellectualdisabilityhave

traditionallybeenusedinordertoindicatetheperceiveddegreeofdifficultyan

individualhaswithlearning.Allfivemayoccurineitherchildren,adolescentoradult,

andshowasmild,moderate,severe,profoundormultipleintellectualdisability.

CForthemajorityofintellectualdisabilities,thereisnoidentifiablecausebut

therearesomecausesthatarewelldocumented.Theyinclude:braindamageatbirth

duetolackofoxygen---prolongedlaborduringchildbirth;braindamagebeforebirth

duetofactorssuchasrubella,drugordiet-relatedproblems;damageafterbirthdueto

illnessessuchasencephalitisoraccident;hereditarydefectsinthegenes;abnormal

chromosomecountresultingin,forexample,DownSyndrome.

DLikeeveryoneelse,peoplewithanintellectualdisabilityneedarewardingjob,a

satisfyingplacetoliveandagoodsociallife.Buttheymayneedextrasupportto

achievethesethings.Goodsupportservicesarebasedontheprincipleof

normalization---whichmeansenablingpeopletobepartofthecommunitylike

everyoneelse.

EWiththeintroductionoftheintellectuallydisabledintocommunities,thereisa

needtopromoteawarenessofcommunication.Althoughmanypeoplemayhavelittle

experienceintalkingwithanintellectuallydisabledperson,therearecommon

guidelinesthatcansimplifytheinteraction.Firstly,itisusefultorememberthat

peoplewithdisabilitieshavefeelings.Speakinginthesamefriendlymannerasyou

wouldtoanyoneelseisalsorecommended.Beingpreparedtowaitalittlelongerfbr

repliesduringaconversationwithanintellectuallydisabledpersonwould

undoubtedlybenefittheex