托福考试真题与参考答案汇编

SECTIONI

PARTA

1.

(A)Heisnotsurewherethestudent-service9officeis.

(B)HerecentlygotanewstudentIDcard.

(C)Heistoobusytogotothestudent-servicesofficenow.

(D)HeplanstogethisnewstudentIDcardonMonday.

2.

(A)Shelosttheman'scalculator.

(B)Shewilllendthemanhercalculator.

(C)Thecalculatormaybeundertheman'sbook.

(D)Themanwillnothavetimetofindthecalculator.

3.

(A)Hewantedtobeanartist.

(B)Heisnotqualifiedtojudgethepainting.

(C)Thepaintingisnotfinishedyet.

(D)Hewillfindafineartsmajorforthewoman.

4.

(A)Shedoesnotknowwherethestudentcenteris.

(B)Shedoesnotneedaflushotthisyear.

(C)Flushotswillnotbefreethisyear.

(D)Shewouldliketogetafreeflushotnextweek.

5.

(A)Hewillbestudyingtomorrow.

(B)Hewillseethegameatnight.

(C)Hedoesriotlikebaseball.

(D)Hehasaticketforthegame.

6.

(A)Sheisnotsureifshecanattendthemeeting.

(B)ShewillbeoutoftownuntilFriday.

(C)Shehasbeenplanningtogotothemeeting.

(D)ShecannotchangeherscheduleforFriday.

7.

(A)Hewillhelpthewomanmove.

(B)Thewomanneedstoaccepthercurrentsituation.

(C)Thewomancanmoveinthemiddleofthesemester.

(D)Thewomanisalreadylivinginthebestdorm.

8.

(A)Shewillhelpmemanlookforthebook:.

(B)Sheknowswheretheman'sbookis.

(C)Shewillreturnthebooktothemanlater.

(D)Shesawsomeonewalkawaywiththeman'sbook.

9.

(A)Lendthewomanmoney

(B)Getthewoman'spurse

(C)Invitethewomantolunchnextweek

(D)Payforthewoman'slunch

10.

(A)Askthemantohelpherfigureouthowto'usehernewcomputer

(B)Letthemanusehercomputer

(C)Takehercomputertoarepairshop

(D)HelpthemanfixhisComputer

11.

(A)HealwaysexercisesonWednesdays.

(B)Hewouldliketoplaytenniswiththewomanthisweek.

(C)Hethinksthewomanplaystennisaswellashedoes.

(D)Healwaysplaystenniswiththesameperson.

12.

(A)ProfessorMillerisnotteachinginthissemester.

(B)ProfessorMillerteachesanthropology.•;

(C)Themanshouldtakeadifferentbiologycourse,

(D)Themanislookinginthewrongpartofthecatalog.

13.

(A)Hewilldoitbeforehebeginshisotherwork.

(B)HewillsubmititonThursday.

(C)Hehasalreadyfinishedit.

(D)Heisallowedtocompleteitlater.

14.

(A)Sheforgotaboutthesalebooks.

(B)Shethinksthemanshouldgetasecondjob.

(C)Shewantsthemantomovethesalebooks.

(D)Shehaschangedhermindaboutthetextbooks.

15.

(A)Shedoesnotagreethatitisastressfultime.

(B)Shedoesnotfeelascalmassheseems.

2

(C)Sheadmirestheman'scalmness.

(D)Shewillhelpthemantodealwithhisstress.

16.

(A)Hewouldliketotakeabreak.

(B)Hethinksthelibrarywillclosesoon.

(C)Hedoesnotwanttostopworking.

(D)Hedoesnotlikecoffee.

17.

(A)Whenheiscomingtovisit

(B)Whyhewasnotasfriendlyas

(C)Whyhedidnotfeelwell

(D)Whathewastryingtotellheronthephone

18.

(A)Maryisnotgoingtothe

(B)Marydoesnotknowabouttheconcert.

(C)ThemanshouldcallMary.

(D)ThemanshouldgototheconcertwithoutMary.

19.

(A)ThewomanwassuiprisedbythetopicofProfessorBlack'slecture.

(B)ThemanwasoutabletoattendProfessorBlack*slecture.

(C)ProfessorBlackmissedclasstoday.

(D)ProfessorBlackgiveschallenginglectures.

20.

(A)Hedoesnothavetimetohelpthewoman.

(B)Heisnotsurewhetherhecanhelpthewoman.

(C)Hecanhelpthewomanafterthreeo'clock.

(D)Hewillhelpthewoman.

21.

(A)Becomeaphotographyinstructor

(B)Returntoheroldphotographyclass

(C)Tryaclassatthenewstudio

(D)Lx)okforalessexpensiveclass

22.

(A)Itishardtoread.

(B)Someoftheanswersarewrong.

(C)Theprofessorrequiresthatitbetyped.

(D)Itwasnotcompletedontime.

3

23.

(A)Continueworkingonherpaper

(B)Gooutforcoffee

(C)Askthemantobringhercoffee

(D)Prepareapotofcoffeeforthe

24.

(A)Phonethecompanytoaskaboutthejob

(B)Buyanewansweringmachine

(C)Waitforthecompanytocallhim

(D)Assumethathedidnotgetthejob

25.

(A)Jimmightnothavebeen

(B)Jimoftenchangeshismind,

(C)Jimwasjustjokingabout

(D)Jimrarelytellsjokes.

26.

(A)Itwilltakeafewdaysforthefantoberepaired.

(B)AirconditionerswillbeinstalledonSaturday.

(C)Usingtheovenmadetheapartmenthotter.

(D)Theweatherwillcooloffsoon.

27.

(A)Sheisnotsurehowlongittakestoknitasweater.

(B)Shewillmakeasweaterfortheman,

(C)Thewoolsheusesforhersweatershasgottenveryexpensive.

(D)Heracademicscheduledoesnotallowtimeforknitting.

28.

(A)Tellthewomanwhattimethebuswillcome

(B)Changehisclassschedule

(C)Godowntownwiththe

(D)Givethewomanhishistorybook

29.

(A)Sheplanstoattendthemeeting.

(B)Shethinksthemeetingtimewillbefineforeveryone.

(C)Sheenjoysgoingtobasketballgames:

(D)Shesetupthestudygroupmeetingtime.

30.

4

(A)HereadanarticleaboutProfessorMonroe'sresearch.

(B)HedoesnotknowProfessorMonroe

(C)ProfessorMonroeprobablywilltalktothewoman.

(D)ProfessorMonroedoesnotlikegivinginterviews.

PARTB

31.

(A)Inorganicchemistry

(B)Genetics

(C)Mathematics

(D)Anthropology

32.

(A)Heiswaitingtohearaboutthewoman'sresearch.

(B)HeismoreinterestedinDNAfoundinfrogs.

(C)Heisjusttwinning10gatherthedata.

(D)Heavoidscontroversialresearchtopics.

33.

(A)Theyattackanddestroyothermolecules.

(B)Theydonotreproduceunderordinaryconditions.

(C)Theydonotcontributetotheorganismthatsupportsthem.

(D)Theycarrytheblueprintsonlyforcomplexorganisms.

34.

(A)Aswimmingcompetition

(B)Asingingcontest

(C)Thewatertemperatureatthebeach

(D)Thewoman'sschedulethissemester

35.

(A)Theyhavewonforthepastthreeyears.

(B)Theyplacedsecondlastyear.

(C)Theypracticedforthreemonthspriortothecompetition.

(D)Sheihoughttheydidnotperformwell.

36.

(A)Studyinginthelibrary

(B)Practicinghissinging

(C)Walkingontheiieach

(D)Swimmingintheocean

37.

5

(A)Shespentmanyhoursonabus.

(B)Shewastoobusytoenjoythebeach.

(C)Shehadplentyoftimetostudy.

(D)Shedidnothavetimetowatchthecompetition.

38.

(A)Enterasingingcompetition

(B)Addnewmembers

(C)Organizeagraduationparty

(D)Takeatriptothebeach

PARTC

39.

(A)MusiciansoftheearlytwentiethCentury

(B)EarlyvaudevilletheatersinEurope

(C)ThedevelopmentofAmericansilentfilms

(D)Thehistoryofvaudevilleentertainment

40.

(A)Theirscriptswerewrittenbyfamousplaywright*.

(B)Theyfeaturedavarietyof

(C)Theydidnotincludemusic.

(D)Theywereusuallyperformedoutdoors.

41.

(A)ToacquaintaudienceswithaEuropeanartform

(B)Toincreaseattendanceatthevaudevilletheaters

(C)Tointroducenewactorstotheaudience

(D)Toenablevaudevilletheaterstoraiseticketprices

42.

(A)Itwasperformedmorefrequently.

(B)Itfeaturedactorsfromfilms.

(C)Itbecamelesspopular,

(D)Itwasfirstacceptedasserious

43.

(A)OnefactorthataffectstheEarth'sclimate

(B)Theprofessor'sexperienceanalyzingtypesofdust

(C)Howtoestimatetemperaturetheiceages

(D)Theuseoftechnologicaladvancesinstudyingclimate

44.

6

(A)Tofindwaysofimprovingaircraftsafetyinstorms

(B)Todiscovernewspeciesofbacteria

(C)Tofindoutwhetherdustcontainsdangeroussubstances

(D)Todeterminewhattypesofdustarepresentunderdifferentconditions

45.

(A)Toexplainwhycollectingdustisdifficult

(B)Toillustratethedamagethatdustcancause

(C)Toshowhowdifferenttypesofdustaffecttheweatherindifferentways

(D)Togiveanexampleofhowdustintheatmosphereisreduced

46.

(A)Whetherdustcausedthelasticeage

(B)Whethertheoveralleffectofdustisheatingorcooling

(C)Howhightemperaturesaffecttheamountofdustinthe

(D)Howcoldtheplanetwasdaringthelieages

47.

(A)ReasonstheMycenaeansneverbecamesuccessfulseatraders

(B)ThedevelopmentanddeclineofMinoanandMycenaeanseatrade

(C)TheinfluenceoftheMycenaeansontheMinoans

(D)CausesofconflictbetweentheMinoansandMycenaeans

48.

(A)TheyexistedlongbeforetheMinoansbegantotradebysea.

(B)TheyproducedgreatwealthfortheMinoans.

(C)TheywereestablishedbytheMycenaeans.

(D)TheywerefrequentlyattackedbytheMycenaeans.

49.

(A)ItendedthedominanceoftheMinoans.

(B)Itresultedinincreasedsalesoffarmgoodsby[heMinoans.

(C)ItwasnotseriousenoughtoaffectSeatrade.

(D)ItinterruptedtheMycenaeanproductionofbronzeobjects.

50.

(A)Thedeclineoftheirharbors

(B)Naturaldisastersthatdestroyedtheircrops

(C)AnincreaseintradebytheMinoans

(D)Politicianunrestthatinterferedwithtrade.

SECTIONII

7

PARTA

1.Drinkingwaterexcessiveenamelofteethtobecomebrittleandtochipoff,leavinga

stainedormottledeffect.

(A)containing

(B)inwhichcontaining

(C)contains

(D)thatiscontained

2.Carbohydrates,ofthethreeprincipalconstituentsoffood,formthebulkoftheaverage

humandiet

(A)areone

(B)one[hat

(C)one

(D)whichone

3.theeye,acameratakesinraysoflightthaiarereflectedfromanobjectandfocusesthe

raysintoanimage.

(A)Alike

(B)Aslike

(C)Islike

(D)Like

4.Greatpainandswellingcharacterizebothsprainsandfractures,butheaffectedpartand

unnaturaltingoftenindicateabonebreak,inabilitylomove

(A)inabilitytomove

(B)theywereunabletomove

(C)unabletomove

(D)wheninabilitytomove

5.Thehumanskinformsagainsttheactionofphysical,chemical,andbacterialagentsonthe

deepertissues.

(A)aprotectivebarrieris

(B)aprotectivebarrier

(C)abarrierandprotective

(D)whenaprotectivebarrier

6.ThetechniqueoffryingfoodhaspreparenAeats,fish,vegetables,andbreads.

(A)tohavemostcultures

(B)thatinmostcultures

(C)incultureswhen

(D)inmostcultures

7.Musichasbeencalledboththemostmathematicalthemostabstractofthearts.

8

(A)but

(B)and

(C)however

(D)or

8.Rootsofplantslendtogrowdownwardintosoil,unlessmorereadilyavailableatthe

surface.

(A)havewater

(B)waterhas

(C)iswater

(D)wateris

9.UnitedStatesincometaxesarepaidtotheInternalRevenueService,fundsforusebythe

government.

(A)whichdistributes

(B)anddistributes

(C)thedistributionof

(D)sothatthedistributionof

10.RobertPennWarren*sfirstnovelwaspublishedin1939,andsevenyearslater,histhirdnovel,

AlltheKing'sMen,madefamous.

(A)hewas

(B)him

(C)his

(D)howhewas

11.AlthoughlegendhasitthatthePilgrimsfirstsetfootinAmericaonPlymouthRockin1620,

documentaryevidenceconfirming

(A)no

(B)stillisno

(C)thereisno

(D)butno

12.Thegardenia,about200speciestotropicalandsubtropicalcountries,wasnamedinhonor

ofeighteenth-centurynaturalistAlexanderGarden.

(A)nativeofwhichare

(B)arenaliveofwhich

(C)whicharenativeof

(D)ofwhicharenative

13-High-speedphotographyhasmadecertainaspectsofmotionneverbeforeseen.

(A)visible

(B)theyarevisible

(C)visibly

9

(D)itvisible

14.Nitroglycerinisanunstablechemicalcompoundthatisverysensitivesuddenmovement

dangeroustotransport

(A)because

(B)andtherefore

(C)whyitis

(D)making

15.Acomputerisafastelectronicmachineinformationaccordingtoastoredsequenceof

instructionscalledaprogram.

(A)processes

(B)thatprocesses

(C)thatitprocesses

(D)thaiprocessesit

PARTB

16.LucyMotileMontgomery,aCanadiannovelist,isbestofknownforAnneofGreenGables,

thestoryofaspirited,unconventionalorphangir[.

17.E/gmagnethastwoends,callednorthandsouthpoles,wheretheforcesitexertare

strongest

18.Approximate92percentoftheworld'stradinggoodsaretransDortedbyships.

19.Rapideyemovementsleepissometimescalledparadoxicalsleepbecauseithas

characteristicsofeitherthewakingandsleepingstates.

20.Withtheexceptiono£gold,silver2mostmalleableandductileofallmetals.

21.Thefactthatmothersinsomespeciesofanimalsreactionimmediatelytheyaremissingone

ormoreoftheirlitterdemonstratesasenseofnumber.

22.Approximatelyfourpercentofhumanbodyweighismadeupoffatinmeorgans,skeletal

muscles,andcentralnervoussystem.

23.Byaboutsevenyearsofage,childrenbegintograspthatagivenquantityremainsthesame

notmatterhowitsshapechanges.

24.Sleekandpowerfulswimmersfoundtoallseas,dolphinsaredistbiRuishedfromporpoisesby

well-defined,beaklikesnoutsandconicalteeth.

25.Stereorecordingbeganwiththeiniroductoryoftwo-trackmagnetictapeinthe1950s

10

26.Thecerebralcortex,theouterlayerofthebrain,这wheremostmemorystorage,cognitive

skills,andcreativethinkreside.

27.Thephysicaluniverseisgovemedbylawthatdemandthecontinuousincreaseofentropyor

disorder.

28.Metonymyisaliterarydevice加*thesubstitutionofthenameofonethingwiththatof

otherthingwithwhichitiscloselyassociated.

29.The1906HepburnAct父avetheUnitedStalesInterstateCommerceCommissionpowerto

investigatedfinancialaccountsofinterstateutilitiesandtosetrates、subjecttojudicialreview.

30.AlthoughRepublicanDwightEisenhowerwontheUnitedSlatespresidencyin1952and1956,

theDemocratsranCongressforsixofhiseightyearsintooffice.

31.Substancesuchcommonsalt,whendissolvedinwater,lowerthe加ezi〃女pointofwater

32.Someadvantagesofcelluloidatethatitisinexpensiveanddurable,takesahi史Itlypolish,does

notwarpordiscolor,andisnotaffectedb»moisture•

33.Thepitchofamusicalnote—howmuchhighorlowthesoundisdependsonitswavelength.

34.Twogoodwaystopreventattacksofhayfeveraretoeffectachangeofclimatealsoto

eliminatehannfulsubstancesfromtheenvironment.

35.Infilmmakingaflashbackisaninterruptionoftheactualchronologyofastorytorelatea

significanteventofaearliertime.

36.Thebottomendofaguitarstringisattachedtoahardwoodbridge,whichthe

vibrationtothetopplate.

37.Missouriisahetwilyindustrializedstatewhose3/dMqproductsaretransportationequipment,

processedfood,andchemical.

38.Seamountsareisolatedsubmarinemountainsbelievedtobetheremnantsofextinctvolcanoes

thateitherformedorsankfarbeneathoftheoceansurface.

39.Transfusionofplasmaorwholebloodincreasesthevolumeofcirculatingblood,raising

bloodpressureandensuringadequatedistributionofoxygenatedblood(un(m2thebody.

40.Thenationaldebtisthesumtotal^financialobligationsthenationalgovernmentincursby

borrowfromforeigngovernments,internationalinstitutions,oritspopulation.

SECTIONIII

11

Questions1-10

Unlikethoseavailableforpainting,theopportunitiestoexhibitsculptureinthe

United-Statesaroundtheturnofthetwentiethcenturywerequitescarce.Therewas

almostnoroomforsculptureattheinfluentialFineArtsSociety's57thStreetGalleries

LineinNewYork.Aslateas1905,theMonumentalNews,ajournaldedicatedtothe

5promotionofsculpture,lamented,"Exhibitionsofsculptors*worksaresocomparatively

rare."Inresponsetothisdirepredicament,(hesculptorFrederickW.Ruckstulland

CharlesdeKay,arteditorofthenewspaperTheNewYorkTimes,foundedtheNational

SculptureSociety(NSS)in1893,thefirstorganizationdedicatedsolelytothe

advancementofsculpture.

10Incorporatedin1896topromotesculpturalproductionandencouragetheexhibition

andsaleoftheplasticarts,theNationalSculptureSociety(NSS)electedJohnQuincy

AdamsWard(1830-1910),theprestigioussculptorofpublicmonuments,toserveasits

firstpresident,anofficeheheldfrom1893to1905.Duringthelasttwentyyearsofhis

life,warddedicatedmuchtimetopublicandprivateorganizationsthatpromotedpublic

15art.Totheend,heheadedtheNSScommitteethatoversawthesculpturaldecorationofthe

LibraryofCongressReadingRoominWashingtonD.C.aswellasthebuildingand

decoratingoftheDeweyArch—amonumentinNewYorktohonorAdmiralGeorge

Dewey.HewasachampionoftheCityBeautifulMovement-anefforttoincreasethe

presenceofurbanart-anddefendedthecentralrolethatsculptureplayedinitsnational

20program.

TheNationalSculptureSocietypromotedtheproductionofsculpturebystandardizing

proceduresforcompetitions,enhancingtheprofessionalstatusofsculptors,and

encouragingcommissionsforAmericansculptureinhomes,publicbuildings,parks,

andsquares.Moreover,iiincludedmembersinitsorganizationwhowerenotsculptors,

25hopingtoclosethegapbetweenartistsandthegreatbodyofthepeople,notmerely

well-to-dopatrons,buitheworkingpublic.TheNSSencouragedthecommissionand

purchaseofsculpturesforbothprivateconsumption—homeandgarden—andforpublic

enjoyment-parksandsquares.Throughthiscampaign,small-scalesculptures-either

reductionsofmonumentalartworksorsmaller-sizedoriginals—werebroughttothe

attentionofaninterestedpublic.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss

(A)TheestablishmentandgoalsoftheNationalSculptureSociety

(B)WhyartistsofthetwentiethcenturywantedtojojntheNationalSculptureSociety

(C)TheeffectsoftheNationalSculptureSocietyontwentieth-centuryart

(D)TherelationshipbetweentheNationalSculptureSocietyandnationalartsgroups

2.Theword"scarce1'inline2isclosestinmeaningto

(A)exciting

(B)expensive

(C)uncommon

(D)popular

12

3.Theword"lamented"inline5isclosestinmeaningto

(A)declared

(B)complained

(C)revealed

(D)described

4.Whatis(he"direpredicament"mentionedbytheauthorinline6?

(A)Thelimitedprofessionalopportunitiesforsculptors

(B)ThefailureoftheFineArtsSocietytoincludepaintingsinitsexhibitions

(C)ThefoundingoftheNationalSculptureSociety

(D)TheproductionoftheMonumentalNews

5.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutearly-twentielh-centuryart?

(A)ManyNewYorkerswerenotinterestedinpainting.

(B)Newspapersandjournalsrarelydiscussedpainting.

(C)Peoplesawmorepublicdisplaysofpaintingthanofsculpture.

(D)AnappearanceingalleriesoftheFineArtsSocietyguaranteedfinancialsuccess.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whowasthefirstpresidentoftheNationalSculptureSociety?

(A)FrederickW.Rucksmll

(B)JohnQuincyAdamsWard

(C)CharlesdeKay

(D)Admire!GeorgeDewey

7.Thephrase"thatend"inline15refersto

(A)thelasttwentyyearsofhislife.

(B)muchtime

(C)promotingpublicart

(D)theNSScommittee

8.Theword"champion"inline18isclosestinmeaningto

(A)critic

(B)founder

(C)creator

(D)supporter

9.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasagoaloftheCityBeautifulMovement?

(A)ToincreasenationalsalesofSculpture

(B)Toencouragesculptorstocreatemoremonuments

(C)Toimprovetoappearanceofthecitywithart

(D)ToconvincemoresculptorstoworkinNewYork

10.Accordingtothepassage,theNationalSculptureSocietypromotedtheproductionof

13

sculpturebydoingwhichofthefollowing?

(A)Carryingouiactivitiesthatincreasedthepublic'srespectforsculptors

(B)Replacingoldsculpturesinpublicplaceswithnewones

(C)Increasingthenumberofsculpturalcompetitions

(D)Encouragingprivatesculpturelessonsinhomes

Questions11-20

IntheUnitedStates,manysocialreformersinthelatenineteenthcenturydemonstrated

aconcernforimprovedhousingconditionsforworkers,GeorgePullman(1831-1897),

thewealthyindustrialistwhointroducedluxuryrailwaycarswithbeds,builthismodel

tinecitycalledPullmanin1880toaddresshousingproblemscausedbyChicago's

5industrialization.Constructingthetown,Pullmanhopedtoproduceanidealenvironment

thatwouldhelpattractworkersofasuperiortypeto[herailwaycarindustryandretain

them.Pullmaninhabitantswereexpectedtoembodyvaluesofthrift,industry,and

morality.Theyweretaughttodevelopproprietyandgoodmanners,cleanlinessand

neatnessofappearance,diligence,andself-improvementthrougheducationandsavings.

10Likethebrickclocktowerthatdominated[hetowncenter,Pullmankeptaregulatoryeye

onhisworkers.

Initsfirstfiveyean,thisnewexperimentinindustriallifereceivedlittlecriticism,

exceptfromradicalpoliticalgroups.CreditingthetownofPullmanwithproducinganew

typeofdependableandambitiousworkerinarationallyorderedenvironment,reformers,

15atfirst,praiseditasasuccessfulmodelformodemindustriallife.However,after1885,

withthehighglossoftheexperimentdulled,itbecameclearthattheresidentsofPullman

hadhonestgrievancesabouttheoverchargingofrentandotherservices.

In1893,TheWorld'sColumbianExposition,anexhibitionthataimedtopromote

Americancultural,economical,andtechnologicaldevelopment,andinwhichGeorge

20Pullmanwasamajorinvestor,washeldinChicago.ThetownofPullmanbecamea

populartouriststop,attractingmorethanitsshareofcurioustravelers.Therewere10,000

foreignviators-aloneduringtheexpositionyear.Infact,thefirstBaedekerTravelGuide

totheUnitedStatesadvisedvisitorstotourPullman.Frequenttrainsandtrolleycars

connectedthefairgroundsoftheexpositionwiththetown,andonseveraloccasions,

25GeorgePullmanhimselfguidedthetours.Constructingafantasticenvironmentforthe

benefitoftourists,hemadesurethatanyrealtensionsbetweenbisofficeandtheworking

inhabitantsofthetownwererenderedinvisibletothetouristgaze.

11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)TheeffectofindustrializationonIhecityofPullman

(B)ThemodelcitybuiltbyGeorgePullman

(C)ThecareerofGeorgePullman

(D)Housingproblemsinthenineteenthcentury'

12.Accordingtothepassage,whichLthefollowingledtothecreationofthetownof

Pullman?

(A)AsurplusofrailwayworkersinChicago

14

(B)Housingproblemscausedbyindustrialization

(C)GeorgePullman'sdecisiontoslopproducingrailwaycars

(D)TheopeningoftheWorld'sColumbianExposition

14.Accordingtothepassage,GeorgePullmanexpectedthatthecityofPullmanwould

(A)impresssocialreformers

(B)satisfyradicalpoliticalgroups

(C)soondevelophousingproblems

(D)drawworkersCotherailwaycarindustry

15.Accordingtothepassage.PullmaninhabitantsweretaughttodoallofIhefollowing

EXCEPT

(A)havegoodmanners

(E)becomeactiveintownpolitics

(C)valueeducation

(D)savemoney

13.Theword"retain"inline6isclosestinmeaningto

(A)house

(B)train

(C)keep

(D)reward

16.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutGeorgePullman'sattitudetowardhisworkersin

lines10-11?

(A)Pullmanbelievedthathisworkersshouldfollowastrictdailyschedule.

(B)Pullmanfeltthathisworkersrequiredcarefulmonitoringandsupervision.

(C)Pullmanthoughtthatindividualworkerscouldbetaughttoworktogetherasateam.

(D)Pullmanbelievedthathisworkershadtroublekeepingtrackofthetimetheyspenton

atask.

17.Theword"grievances'*inline17isclosestinmeaningto

(A)stories

(B)opinions

(C)findings

(D)complaints

18.ThepassagesuggeststhatGeorgePullmanworkedtohidewhichofthefollowing

fromtourists?

(A)HisroleasaninvestorintheWorld'sColumbianExposition

(B)HisconflictswiththeinhabitantsofthetownofPullman

(C)HiseffortstopromotethetownofPullman

(D)HislackOfknowledgeabouthowtheInhabitantsofPullmanreallylived

19.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidGeorgePullmandotopromotetourisminthe

15

townofPullman?

(A)Hepersonallyshowedtouristsaroundthetown.

(B)Hepublishedatravelguidetothetown.

(C)Hestartedtoinvestinthetown'sculturaldevelopment.

(D)HebuiltanewroadconnectingittotheWorld'sColumbianExposition.

20.WhydoestheauthormentionthefirstBaedekerTravelGuidetotheUnitedStates?

(A)Toexplainwheretouristscouldfindtrainandtrolleyschedules

(B)ToidentifyawayusedbyGeorgePullmantoattracttouriststoPullman

(C)Toindicatehowalargenumberofforeigntouristsbecameinterestedinvisitingthe

townofPullman

(D)ToprovideevidencethattouristswereoftenmoreinterestedinvisitingPullmanthan

inseeingtheWorld'sColumbianExposition

Questions21-29

Facemasksarecommonlyusedinritualsandperformances.Theynotonlyhide

therealfaceofthemaskwearerbuttheyoftenevokepowerfulemotionsinthe

audience-danger,fear,sadness,joy.Youmightthink,becausesomanythingsvary

Linecross-culturally,thatthewaysinwhichemotionsaredisplayedandrecognizedinthe

5facevarytoo.Apparentlytheydonot.Recentresearchonmasksfromdifferentcultures

supportstheconclusionthatmasks,likefaces,tendtorepresentcertainemotionsinthe

someways.Wenowhavesomeevidencethatthesymbolismused