新人教选择性必修三unit3 知识清单

UNI3知识清单一.词汇派生1.starvevi.&vt.（使）挨饿;饿死一starvationn.饿死；挨饿;绝食2.sustainvt.维持;遭受;承受住一sustainableadj.可持续的;合理利用的.comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;详尽的一comprehensionn.理解.frequentadj.频繁的；经常的—frequentlyadv.频繁地；经常一frequencyn.频率；频繁.restrictvt.限制;限定;束缚—restrictionn.限制规定;限制法规；约束一restrictiveadj.限制的；限制性的；约束的.harmonyn.协调；和睦;融洽;调和—harmoniousadj.和谐的7.originn.起源;开始一originaladj.原始的;最初的;独创的；新颖的—originatevi.&vt.起源;发源;创立8.regularadj.定期的;规律的Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustendupwithsweetdreams.②他努力工作，最终成了这家公司的总经理。Heworkedhardandendedupasgeneralmanagerofthecompany.四、重点句式.Thereislittledoubtthat...［教材原句P26］ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖和。句式分析:Thereislittle/nodoubtthat…毫无疑问;doubt后面用that引导同位语从句；当doubt用于否定句和疑问句时，后面的从句用that引导；用于肯定句时，后面的从句用whether弓|导。［例1］Thereisnodoubtthatitwasastrangeandinterestingsituation.毫无疑问，那是一个奇怪而有趣的局面。［例2］Thereisnodoubtatallthatwedidtherightthing.毫无疑问，我们做得对。［造句］他是否会来帮助我们还有些疑虑。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcometohelpus.［知识拓展］(1)1havenodoubtthat...我确信Ihavesomedoubtwhether...我怀疑(2)1doubtwhether/if-clause我怀疑Idon'tdoubtthatclause我不怀疑Doyoudoubtthatclause?你怀疑吗？①Idon'tdoubtthathewillsucceed.②Idoubtwhether/ifwewillmakeaprofitoutofit.③Thereissomedoubtwhethershewillcomeontime..notonly...butalso...［教材原句P27］Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.有确凿而全面的证据表明，气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。句式分析：句中的notonly...butalso...表示〃不但……，而且……〃，连接并列的句子结构。［例1］Airnotonlyoccupiesspace,butitalsohasweight.空气不仅占据空间，而且它还具有重量。［例2］Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.莎士比亚不仅是一个作家，还是一个演员。［造句］老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。Theoldworkersinstructtheyoungworkersnotonlyinwordsbutindeeds.［知识拓展］(1)notonly与butalso后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。⑵notonly只能连用，而butalso既可连用，也可分开用。notonly与butalso后面所连接的词作主语时，谓语动词遵循〃就近一致原则〃，谓语动词的数应与butalso后的名词的数保持一致。(3)notonly放在句首，后接句子要用部分倒装。①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasinvited.②Notonlyareyoufunny,butalsoyouarewitty(机智的).③Notonlyyoubutalsoshehastoattendtheceremony.五、拓展L”方位名词+后缀〃构成的方位形容词集锦①eastern东方的；东部的；来自东方的②western西方的；西部的；来自西方的©southern南方的;南部的；来自南方的©northern北方的；北部的；来自北方的⑤northwestern西北方的；来自西北的⑥southeastern东南方的；来自东南的2.有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃①inchargeof…主管;看管;负责inthechargeof…被掌管；由负责②incontrolof…控制；管理inthecontrolof…被控制③inpossessionof…占有；拥有inthepossessionof…被占有；为所有一regularlyadv.定期地；规律地—regulationn.章程；规章制度9.inspectvt.检查;查看;视察一inspectionn.检查;查看;视察lO.toleratevt.忍受;包容;容许—tolerantadj.宽容的;容忍的—tolerancen.宽容;容忍.annualadj.每年的；一年的n.年刊;年鉴—annuallyadv.每年;年年.reformvi.&vt.改革；（使）改正；改造n.改革；变革;改良一reformationn.改进；改革;变革一reformern.改革者；改良者；革新者-reformistadj.改革主义的n.改革主义者;改革者.conservationn.（对环境、文物等）保护；保持—conservativeadj.保守的；因循守旧的一conservev.保护"呆存二.一词多义1.releasevt.&n排放;释放;发布①Firefighterstooktwohourstoreleasethedriverfromthewreckage.（vt.释放）@Undertheagreement,releasesofcancer-causingchemicalswillbecutbyabout80percent.（n.排放）③Heisreleasinganalbumoflovesongs,（vt.发布）2.seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制①"LeighJhesaid,seizingmyarmtoholdmeback.（vt.抓住）©Troopshaveseizedtheairportandrailwayterminalsfvt.（铁路枢纽）.夺取］③UNofficialssaytwomilitaryobserverswereseizedbytheKhmerRougeyesterday.（vt.控制）三.知识要点1.starvevi.&vt.（使）挨饿;饿死Thenewjobdoesn'tpayasmuchbutwewon'tstarve!新工作的工资不多，不过我们不至于挨饿！Anumberoftheprisonerswesawarestarving.我们看到的一些囚犯快要饿死了。［造句］如果你再浪费粮食，我就让你挨饿。Ifyouwasteanyfoodagain,Iwillstarveyou.［知识拓展］starvetodeath饿死starvefor...渴望;急需一starvedadj.感到很饿的bestarvedtodeath被饿死bestarvedof/for...极需;缺乏—starvationn.挨饿;饿死dieofstarvation饿死—starvingadj.饥饿的;挨饿的［小片段助记］Mr.Whiteearnsonlyalittlewage,sohestarvesforajobwithbetterpay.Youseeznoonelikestostarvetodeath..referto...查阅，参考;涉及,关于；提到，谈起，指的是;提交Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.我答应过不再提这事了。Pleaserefertotheright-handcolumnofpage200ofthisdictionary.请参看这本词典第二百页右面一栏。［造句］那句话与她无关。Thatremarkdoesnotrefertoher.一referencen.提到;谈及;参考;查询;查阅forreference作参考keepitforreference备作参考inreferencetothatincident关于那件事withoutreferenceto…不管，不论，与…无关.betrappedin被困在中Ifthebuswastrappedinthesnow,therewasvirtuallynowaytoevacuatethosefourkids.如果公共汽车被困在暴风雪中，那么几乎没有方法使这四个孩子撤离。Hewastrappedinanunhappymarriage.他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。［造句］她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.［小片段助记］Thehuntersetatrapwhichwasusedtotraptheanimalintomovingintothetrap.Butthelittleboyfellintothetrapbyaccident..resultin...导致;造成……Foodallergiescanresultinanenormousvarietyofdifferentsymptoms.食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplefeelinghappy.这些政策使得许多老人感到幸福。［造句］当你有信心的去做某事，就会成功。Whenyoudosomethingwithfaith,itwillresultinsuccess.［知识拓展］resultfrom...由引起，由产生Successresultsfromhardwork.成功来自努力的工作。Hisillnessresultedfrombadfood.他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。asaresult因此asaresultof...由于…Hewasill.Asaresult,hewaslateforclass.=Asaresultofhisillness,hewaslateforclass..restrictvt.限制;限定;束缚Havingsmallchildrentendstorestrictyourfreedom.有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。Thelongskirtrestrictedhermovements.长裙妨碍了她的行动。［造句］不要限制她的适当的活动。Don'trestrictherproperactivities.［知识拓展］restrict...to...把限制在berestrictedto...限于restrictsb./oneselftodoingsth.约束干Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.Werestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto10.一restrictionn.限制规定;限制法规；控制withoutrestriction毫无限制Theparkisopentothepublicwithoutrestriction.一restrictiveadj.限制（性）的；约束（性）的6.seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制Shetriedtoseizethegunfromhim.她试图抢夺他的枪。Thearmyhasseizedcontrolofthecountry.军队已经控制全国。［造句］这是我们要明智把握的一个共同机遇。Thisisajointopportunitythatwearewisetoseize.7.submitvt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服;顺从;认为Completedprojectsmustbesubmittedby10March.完成的方案必须在3月10日前提交上来。ButIcannotsubmit,Icanbecomemyownmaster.但我并不会屈服的，我会成为自己的主人的。［造句］被告律师认为这一证据不可采纳。Counselforthedefencesubmittedthattheevidencewasinadmissible.［小片段助记］Thegeneralhadtosubmittheagreementtotheenemies.Thatistosay,hesubmittedtothem.［知识拓展］submitoneselfto...甘受 ;月员从submit...to...向提交—submissionn.提交的文件;屈服;服从8.besensitiveto...对敏感Ilearnedthatafishisakindofcold-bloode