高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练学案为什么有的人总是手脚冰凉

23年高考阅读理解素材——为什么有的人总是手脚冰凉？Doyou,orsomeoneyouknow,oftencomplainofhavingconstantlycoldhandsandfeet?Inmostcases,thisisnotaproblem,andsimplyduetothebodymaintainingitstemperature.Forourbodies,bloodisafantasticstoreofheat.Bydivertingbloodtotheskin,heatistransferredtotheoutsideair,helpingtocoolusdown.Thisiswhywemightlookabit"flushed"onahotday.Ontheotherhand,whenwearefeelingcold,thebloodvesselsinourskinnarrowsolessbloodisdivertedthere.Lessbloodmeanslesswarmth,andthisbecomesparticularlynoticeableinthehandsandfeet.It'sanormalprocess,andshowsthatourbodyisdoingitsjobofmaintaininganormalinternaltemperatureandprotectingourorgans.Normally,thefeelingisonlytemporary.Butifsomeonealwayshascoldhandsandfeet,evenwhentheirbodyisquitewarm,itcouldbeasignthatsomethingelseiscontributing.Anythingthatinducesanarrowingofbloodvesselscanimpacthowwarmyourextremitiesfeel.ThiscouldbefromcausessuchasRaynaud’sphenomenon,inwhichsomebloodvesselsgoingtotheextremitiestemporarilynarrow.PeoplewithRaynaud'stypicallypresentwithverypaleandcoldfingersortoes.Insomecases,itisnotclearwhypeopleexhibitsymptomsofRaynaud's.Inotherinstances,itmaybearesultofmoreseriousunderlyingcauses,suchasanimmunedeficiencyorassociatedwithhighbloodpressure.Butotherfactorscouldalsobebehindunusuallycoldhands.Anythingthatblocksbloodgettingthroughthevesselscanresultincolderextremities.Forexample,peoplewithuncontrolleddiabeteshaveahigherchanceoffattydepositsforminginsidebloodvessels,makingthemnarrowandhard,andinhibitingbloodflow.Traumaortissuedamagecouldalsoresultininhibitedbloodflowtothearea.Ifsomeonehasundergonehandorarmsurgery,orhadapastinjury,itmayimpacthowwarmtheirextremitiesfeel.Anotherpossiblecauseisanaemia,whichcanimpairthetransportofoxygen-richbloodaroundthebodyandresultincoldhandsandfeet.Smokingcanalsobebehindacaseoficyfingersandtoes;nicotinecausesthebloodvesselstonarrowandreducesbloodflow.Undernormalcircumstances,coldhandsandfeetarenotaworry.Butjustkeepinmindthatit’sduetoareducedbloodsupplyreachingtheextremities.Overtime,thiscanresultinbrittlenails,dryorcrackedskin,discolouredskin,andafeelingoftinglingornumbnessintheareas.Theseregionsmayalsobelesssensitivewhencold;anditcanevenbecomequitepainfultouseyourfingersorfeetwhentheyareicecold.Areducedbloodsupplymightmakethehandsandfeetslowertohealifinjured,potentiallyallowinginfectionstopersistandgrow.Overtime,inhibitedbloodflowcanalsodamagethenervesaswell.Theimpactonthenerves,alongsideincreasedrisksofinfection,cansometimesresultintherequirementforamputations.Soifconsistentlycoldhandsandfeetareaworry,it'salwaysworthmentioningthistoyourfamilydoctor.阅读理解1.Whatisthemaincauseofcoldhandsandfeet?A.Havingpoorbloodcirculation.B.Thebodymaintainingitstemperature.C.Smokingtoomuchnicotine.D.SufferingfromRaynaud'sphenomenon.答案：B。解析：文章第一段明确指出，大多数情况下，手脚冰冷并不是问题，只是由于身体维持温度。2.Whydoourbodiesdivertbloodtotheskin?A.Tocoolusdown.B.Tomaintainanormaltemperature.C.Toprotectourorgans.D.Totransferheattotheoutsideair.答案：D。解析：文章第二段明确说明，通过将血液引流到皮肤，体温得以通过体外空气传输而散发，有助于我们降温。3.Whatdoesitmeanifsomeonealwayshascoldhandsandfeet?A.Thattheyhavealowbodytemperature.B.ThattheyaresufferingfromRaynaud'sphenomenon.C.Thatthereissomethingelsecontributingtotheircondition.D.Thattheyneedadoctor'sattentionimmediately.答案：C。解析：文章第四段指出，如果有人总是手脚冰冷，即使身体相当温暖，可能是其他因素导致，任何缩窄血管的原因都会影响周围的体温感觉。4.WhatisRaynaud'sphenomenon?A.Adiseasethatcauseshighbloodpressure.B.Adisorderthatresultsinverypaleandcoldfingersortoes.C.Animmunedeficiency.D.Aconditionthatimpairstransportofoxygen-richblood.答案：B。解析：文章第五段提到了Raynaud现象，是一种导致部分血管暂时变窄的疾病，指人们通常出现十分苍白和冷的手指或脚趾。5.Whatistheimpactofsmokingonthebloodvessels?A.Itcausesthemtonarrowandreducebloodflow.B.Itproducesmorefattydepositsinsidebloodvessels.C.Itresultsintissuedamageandinhibitedbloodflow.D.Itimpairsthetransportofoxygen-richbloodaroundthebody.答案：A。解析：文章倒数第三段提到，吸烟也会导致手指和脚趾冰冷，尼古丁会导致血管收缩并减少血流。6.Whatarethepotentialconsequencesofinhibitedbloodflowtotheextremitiesovertime?A.Discolouredskinandtinglingfeelings.B.Slowerhealingofinjuriesandincreasedinfectionrisks.C.Damagednervesandincreasedinfectionrisks.D.Brittlenailsanddryorcrackedskin.答案：B。解析：文章倒数第二段说明了可能的结果，受阻的血液流动还会使手脚更慢地恢复，从而容易感染和滋生细菌。7.Whatisthepurposeofdiscussingthepotentialconsequencesofconsistentlycoldhandsandfeet?A.Toexplainwhysomepeoplemayneedtohaveamputations.B.Tosuggestthatreducedbloodflowcansometimesbeaseriouscondition.C.Toindicatethatcoldhandsandfeetarenotaworryundernormalcircumstances.D.Toprovidesuggestionsforpeoplewhosufferfromcoldhandsandfeet.答案：B。解析：文章最后一段提到，受阻血流和感染风险增加可能导致神经损伤，甚至需要截肢，提示冰冷的手脚有时可能是严重的状况。8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toprovidemedicaladviceforpeoplewithcoldhandsandfeet.B.Todescribethenormalprocessofbodytemperatureregulation.C.Tointroducedifferentpotentialcausesofcoldhandsandfeet.D.Togivesuggestionsonhowtotreatcoldhandsandfeet.答案：C。解析：文章描述了手脚冰冷的不同潜在原因，为大家更好地了解这种症状提供了帮助。9.Whatisthetoneofthisarticle?A.Informative.B.Humorous.C.Critical.D.Sarcastic.答案：A。解析：文章讲述的是与身体不同因素导致手脚冰冷的状况，用教育性口吻展现了事件的详细信息及可能的后果。10.Whatistheconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthisarticle?A.Everyonewhosuffersfromcoldhandsandfeethasaseriousmedicalcondition.B.Coldhandsandfeetareneveracauseforconcern.C.Itisimportanttoseekmedicalattentionifconsistentlyexperiencingcoldhandsandfeet.D.Homeremediesareeffectiveintreatingcoldhandsandfeet.答案：C。解析：文章最后一段提醒读者，如果经常出现手脚冰冷的状况，应向家庭医生咨询，暗示如果经常出现，需要及时就医。重点词汇1.complain-抱怨2.constantly-经常地3.body-身体4.temperature-温度5.blood-血液6.divert-转移7.skin-皮肤8.transfer-转移9.outside-外面的10.air-空气11.cool-冷却12.flushed-脸红的13.feeling-感觉14.vessels-血管15.narrow-收缩16.warmth-温暖17.noticeable-明显的18.normal-正常的19.internal-内部的20.protecting-保护21.organs-器官22.always-总是23.contributing-有贡献的24.inducing-诱导25.impact-影响26.extremities-末梢27.causes-原因28.Raynaud'sphenomenon-瑞诺氏病29.immunedeficiency-免疫缺陷30.highbloodpressure-高血压31.blocks-阻塞32.diabetes-糖尿病33.fattydeposits-脂肪沉淀34.inhibiting-抑制35.Trauma-创伤36.tissuedamage-组织损伤37.undergone-经历38.surgery-手术39.anaemia-贫血40.transport-运输41.oxygen-rich-富含氧气的42.smoking-抽烟43.nicotine-尼古丁44.sensitive-敏感的45.painful-疼痛的46.infections-感染47.nerves-神经48.amputations-截肢49.consistent-持续的50.mentioning-提到全文翻译Doyou,orsomeoneyouknow,oftencomplainofhavingconstantlycoldhandsandfeet?Inmostcases,thisisnotaproblem,andsimplyduetothebodymaintainingitstemperature.你或你认识的人是否经常抱怨手脚冰冷？在大多数情况下，这没什么问题，手脚冰凉是人体为了应对温度变化自我保护的一种表现。Forourbodies,bloodisafantasticstoreofheat.Bydivertingbloodtotheskin,heatistransferredtotheoutsideair,helpingtocoolusdown.Thisiswhywemightlookabit"flushed"onahotday.对于我们的身体来说，血液是一个温度调节器。当血液流向皮肤时，热量就会转移到外界空气中，让我们凉快下来。这也就是为什么我们时常会在夏天热得脸红。Ontheotherhand,whenwearefeelingcold,thebloodvesselsinourskinnarrowsolessbloodisdivertedthere.Lessbloodmeanslesswarmth,andthisbecomesparticularlynoticeableinthehandsandfeet.同样地，当我们感到寒冷时，皮肤内的血管收紧，通过的血液也因此减少。血液少就意味着热量少，这一点在手脚的温度上体现得尤为显著。It'sanormalprocess,andshowsthatourbodyisdoingitsjobofmaintaininganormalinternaltemperatureandprotectingourorgans.这是一种非常正常的现象，表明我们的身体正保持体内正常温度，保护我们的各个器官。Normally,thefeelingisonlytemporary.Butifsomeonealwayshascoldhandsandfeet,evenwhentheirbodyisquitewarm,itcouldbeasignthatsomethingelseiscontributing.Anythingthatinducesanarrowingofbloodvesselscanimpacthowwarmyourextremitiesfeel.通常情况下，手脚冰凉只是暂时的。但如果一个人总是手脚冰凉，即使他们的身体很温暖，这可能是其他因素造成的。任何导致血管收缩的因素都会影响你四肢的温暖程度。ThiscouldbefromcausessuchasRaynaud’sphenomenon,inwhichsomebloodvesselsgoingtotheextremitiestemporarilynarrow.PeoplewithRaynaud'stypicallypresentwithverypaleandcoldfingersortoes.这可能是由雷诺现象引起的，雷诺现象是指一些通往四肢的血管会暂时狭窄。患有雷诺氏症的人通常手指或脚趾非常苍白和冰冷。Insomecases,itisnotclearwhypeopleexhibitsymptomsofRaynaud's.Inotherinstances,itmaybearesultofmoreseriousunderlyingcauses,suchasanimmunedeficiencyorassociatedwithhighbloodpressure.在某些情况下，尚不清楚为什么人们会出现雷诺氏综合症的症状。在其他情况下，它可能是由更严重的潜在因素所导致的，如免疫缺陷或与高血压。Butotherfactorscouldalsobebehindunusuallycoldhands.Anythingthatblocksbloodgettingthroughthevesselscanresultincolderextremities.Forexample,peoplewithuncontrolleddiabeteshaveahigherchanceoffattydepositsforminginsidebloodvessels,makingthemnarrowandhard,andinhibitingbloodflow.但在手脚异常冰冷的背后也可能有其他因素。任何阻碍血液通过血管的东西都会导致四肢变冷。例如，糖尿病未能有效控制的人有更高的几率在血管内形成脂肪沉积，使血管狭窄而坚硬，并抑制血液流动。Traumaortissuedamagecouldalsoresultininhibitedbloodflowtothearea.Ifsomeonehasundergonehandorarmsurgery,orhadapastinjury,itmayimpacthowwarmtheirextremitiesfeel.创伤或组织损伤也可能导致该区域的血液流动受到抑制。如果有人做过手部或手臂手术，或者曾经受过伤，这可能会影响他们四肢的温暖程度。Anotherpossiblecauseisanaemia,whichcanimpairthetransportofoxygen-richbloodaroundthebodyandresultincoldhandsandfeet.Smokingcanalsobebehindacaseoficyfingersandtoes;nicotinecausesthebloodvesselstonarrowandreducesbloodflow.另一个可能的原因是贫血，它会损害富氧血液在全身的运输，从而导致手脚冰凉。吸烟也可能是导致手脚冰凉的原因；尼古丁会导致血管狭窄，