工程造价管理前沿

nthestageoftheprojectcostmanagementAbstractProjectcostmanagementisthebasiccontentstodeterminereasonableandeffectivecontroloftheprojectcost.Describedthecurrentstageoftheprojectcostmanagementsituationonthestrengtheningofthevariousstagesofconstructioncostmanagementoftheimportanceofandraisedanumberofkeyinitiatives.Keywords：costoftheconstructionprojectcostmanagementstatusinvestmentdecisionphaseofthedesignphaseoftheimplementationphaseofthecostmanagementinamarketeconomy,EvenundertheWTOandChina'saccessiontotheworldcommunity,China'sconstructionindustryhowtoeffectivelycontrolconstructioncostoftheconstructionandmanagementofanimportantcomponentpart.However,thecurrentbudgetfortheconstructionprojects-estimate,budget,Superbudgetaccountsforthe"superthree"isstillwidespreadandthateventuallyledtoaseriouslossofcontrolofprojectinvestment.Projectcostmanagementisthebasiccontentstodeterminereasonableandeffectivecontroloftheprojectcost.Astheprojectcosttotheprojectrunsthroughtheentireprocess,stagebystagecanbedividedintoInvestmentDecisionstage,thedesignandimplementationphases.Theso-calledProjectCosteffectivecontrolistheoptimizationoftheconstructionplansanddesignprogramsonthebasisofinthebuildingprocessatallstages,useofcertainmethodsandmeasurestoreducethecostoftheprojectshaveareasonablecontrolonthescopeandcostoftheapprovedlimits.Engineeringandcostmanagementworkofthecurrentstatusofprojectcostmanagementsystemwasformedinthe1950s,1980sperfecttogether.Performanceofthecountryanddirectlyinvolvedinthemanagementofeconomicactivities.Provisionsinthedesignstagetodifferentestimatesorbudgetpreparationaswellasgovernment;Nothingrelevantdepartmentstoformulateabudget,content,methodsandapproval,thebudgetwillprovidethefixedcostofequipmentandmaterialsandfixedpriceofthebudgetpreparation,approval,managementauthority,andsoon.Withthehistoricalprocess,afterrecovery,reformanddevelopment,formedarelativelycompletebudgetestimateofquotamanagementsystem.However,asthesocialistmarketeconomicdevelopment,thesystem'smanyproblemshavealsoexposed.Generallyspeaking,thebudgetestimateisbasedondirectparticipationinthemanagementofnationaleconomicactivityasaprecondition.enterpriseisnottheactualeconomicentities.Duetothecharacteristicsoftheplannedeconomy,and,atthetimeundertheconditionsofproductivity,willinevitablybecomeashortageintheeconomy.Insevereshortageofcommoditiesundertheconditions,aslongasacertainlevelofinvestment,willbecertainoutputs.Inthisenvironment,theprojectplanningandtechnicalargumentationtherecanbenoeconomicanalysis.Statecontroloftheprojectcostconstitutekeyfactorsequipmentandmaterialsprices,wagesandtaxesofartificialdistribution.Inthisrelativelystableeconomicenvironment,thebudgetestimateforthesystemapprovedprojectcost,helpthegovernmenttocarryoutinvestmentplanstoplayamajorrole.Asthesocialistmarketeconomicsystemestablished,requiresustopredictprojectinvestmentandcontrol.Inrecentyears,internationalinvestmentprojectdevelopedtotherequirementsofpriorpre-controlandinthemiddleofcontrol.China,thetraditionalpracticeinanobjectivelightonthecausedecision-making,implementationheavy,lighttheeconomyandtechnology,First,theconsequencesofvictimization,Duetothetechnicalpersonneloftheprojecttechnicalandeconomicconceptsandaweakawarenessofcostcontrol,costmanagementmakesthequalitydifficulttoraise.ProjectCostcontrolisdifficulttoachievelong-termgoals.Second,thevariousstagesoftheprojectmanagementviewoftheabovecircumstances,Myfirstacademiainthe1980smadethewholeprocessofcostmanagementandcontrolconcept,buildingdepartmentswillstudythefeasibilityofprojectsandthebudgetsandfinalaccountstotwoextendedattherequestofthecorrespondingregulationsputourcostmanagementconceptsandmethodsreferredtoanewheight.OurtasknowistobemodernandcostmanagementinlinewithChina'snationalconditionsofthemarketeconomysystemgoal,learnfromtheadvancedexperienceofthedevelopedcountries,andestablishsoundmarketeconomiclawsofprojectcostmanagementsystem,effortstoincreasetheprojectcostlevels.Aninvestmentdecision-makingphaseoftheprojectcostmanagementconstructionprojectinvestmentdecision-makingstageisproposedprojectproposals;conductafeasibilitystudytodetermineinvestmentestimationandthefinalpreparationofdesigntask.Atthisstage,theproject'stechnicalandeconomicdecision-making,oftheconstructionprojectcostoftheprojectafterthecompletionoftheeconomicbenefitshaveadecisiveinfluence,Theconstructioncostisanimportantstagecontrol.China'scurrentstageoftheprojectcostfortheprojectmanagementforthepurposeofclearingprice,andfocusingonlyontheconstructionprocessofcostcontrol,neglectedbeforethestartoftheprojectinvestmentdecision-makingstageofcostcontrol.Investmentdecision-makingphaseofinvestmentprojectsisestimatedanimportantbasisfordecision-making.Ithasadirectimpactonnationaleconomicandfinancialanalysisoftheresultsofthereliabilityandaccuracy.Becauseofthisphaseisthepreliminaryworkofprojects,theinformationcannotbefully,comparableworksmoreorlessthatinformationaccumulatedrelativelysmall,estimatedinadequateandunscientific.Makesprojectcostmanagementandcostworkersisdifficultatthisstagedosomething.Thevariousstagesoftheprojectcostcontrolinthedecision-makingphaseprojectcostcontrol.Rightprojectplanningphaseofthecost,manyownershavethewrongunderstandingthatthelowerthecostthebetter.Costcontrolisnotaunilateralissue,andshouldbeanumberoffactors,acombinationofpractical,comprehensiveconsideration.Theconstructionprojectinvestmentdecision-makingstage,theproject'stechnicalandeconomicdecision-making,Costoftheprojectafterthecompletionoftheprojectandtheeconomicbenefits,withadecisiveroleinprojectcostcontrolisanimportantstage,rationallydefineandcontrolthedirectionoftheprojectcostofaccuratepositioningandbuildingOptimizationguidingrole.Inthedecision-makingphaseofthemostimportantistodoagoodjobfeasibilitystudy,theworkisdonewell,returnsoninvestmentandcanformagoodproportion.Otherwise,investmore,lesseffective,resultinginlossofcontrolandwasteofinvestment.Atpresent,someoftheprojectsplannedtheownersofdeparturefromthesubjectivedesiresofafeasibilitystudyonthelackofscientificproof.FeasibilityStudyuntrue,falseorengineeringfunctionsobtainingtheapprovaloftheirsuperiors,actuallyputintothefeasibilitystudywillbeawardedinthestudyfortheprojectafterthesmoothfunctioningburiedalotofhiddenproblems,leadtoinsufficientfollow-upfundsfortheprojectandhadtoextendthetimelimitsothattheprojectcouldnothaveplannedtheuseofcost-effective,evenbecomehopelesscompletionofthebeardworks.Therefore,inordertophaseintheinvestmentdecision-makingeffectivelycontrolconstructioncosts,wemustdothefollowingaspects:ⅰImplementationoftheconstructionprojectandcorporateaccountability,Constructionoftheprojectfromplanningtoimplementationoftheentireprocessandtheuseofthefundstorepayresponsibilitiestothepeople.inadditiontoestablishingalegalsystemandtheprojectsupervisionmatchingmechanismbythedepartmentsinchargeoftheindustryandsupervisiondepartmentsforsettingupamonitoringgrouptooverseetheuseoffunds.沃ⅱ映Are躁alis胶tic沿appr蚁oach斩to知mark润eta企naly篮sis,篮to吵avoi贺dth然ebl繁indn奶ess黄oft掏hep榴roje哨ctd渴ecis桃ion-拥maki坛ng,宿redu移ces雀and黄redu疲ces迹inve茫stme勿ntr蔽isk.椒Ful东lyc费onsi绣der抛buil积ding父pro鞠ject雕sin湿the蛮fut扁ure锁mark窜etc怪ompe至titi禁vene压ss,埋desi劳gnt坝ask本more昼sci说enti纱fic颂and仔reli饲abil虎ity.桨耍ⅲ教Cap而ital述fin盼anci始ngm寸ust驾have尝af喇orma达lco艺mmit难ment荒doc岩umen饰t,t叮hep桌arti邪esm刘ust密doi蛇nves遥tmen典tfu芝nds还inp皂lace旁,an必dfu浆nds办must把hav经edo未cume嗓nts陡toe抛nsur戴eth狡att需hep眨roje部ctc迅anb线eap召prov浓eda愈fter北the班sch盗edul局edi误mple永ment拦atio荷n.T奔oth豆eva尚riou拥slo避anc软ondi畏tion左ssh袖ould花be吩car绝eful班lya炸naly鼻zed朴tom爸inim早ize串the律burd茅eno方fin场tere铜sta带ndr护epay秧ment动pre产ssur迟e.俊ⅳ扭To喇stre哗ngth亚ent气hee段ngin忍eeri春ngg柔eolo兼gy,唱hydr举olog藏y,g秃eolo命gya笔ndl木and,离wat挎er,斑elec怪tric司ity,针tra泛nspo否rt,县envi约ronm声enta殖lpr塔ojec渡tss离uch继ase伙xter伴nal禾cond注itio肥nsf降ort守hew蛮ork滩ofd聚epth葵to证make躲the贱inv觉estm谎ent注esti涛mate筐the嗽rea颂res袍uffi钞cien筹tgr腹ound弯s.赛Taki蒸nge护xten售sive巩inv绘esti腰gati臣ona求ndr微esea突rch,过com伟pari嚷son委ofs溉imil欠arp追roje到cts,悬ser启ious励lyf象unct耐iona暗lan锈alys与is,核mult谈i-pr知ogra幼mco妻mpar飘ison箭and弱cho法ice.荣Aft扔erf芬ull员tech经nica叨lap搬prai跌sal坊and执econ唇omic足eva热luat歌ion,节and好the恨fin牛alt航echn秧olog希ical难lya确dvan肯ced,剩fun拉ctio赤nal仙and据reli琴able岗.Re淡ason呆able播eco谋nomi扛cpr常ojec微ts,添thus需cal瑞cula瓣tea此mor案eac伍cura筝tea摧ndr毁eali相stic销est民imat级ion累oft榨hea贤moun进tof忙inv疑estm轨ent,庆so巾that啦the掌pro罗ject惠cos惜tfr书omt钥hes赔tart首pos小itio涛ning时in杯amo剃rer候easo稠nabl赞ele弃vel.聪仰The跪desi凉gnp等hase尸of绪the胆proj户ect括cost和con抵trol承for妻al朵ong热time车,Ch丛ina'酷sbu凤ildi庄ngc诉ontr笔olv免ery确effe迎ctiv蝴e,-叼inv罩estm斯ent顽proj趋ects昌is搂not屯unco片mmon脊,th茶isw汪ill植affe活cto她wner饺sof泳inv刃estm寨ent终retu酿rns,浮it区adds剧to阻the添owne记rsa伤ndw拐ithi买nbu蚀dget乎,as处wel喊las补dif略ficu盐ltie搏sin服fun伴dow蒜ners役,th馋eim峰pact雀on净the宾futu价rem杰anag值emen傍tor棕the锤own版ers逮make径pay逗ment垄sin该arr传ears倡,an胶dso诊on.碎Hen吴ce,丢the授cont拾rol梅oft恼hep厌roje严ctc黑ost番iso销fgr娱eat中sign借ific刃ance鸽,ho源weve猜rth悲epr值ojec本tco屠sti困sth森epr盯imar臂yme困ans常ofc号ontr设old叫esig请n,征Curr边entl纤ymo紧sto菜fth绢epr怎oper超tyo番wner托sin贷the失des笼ign虫stag竹ese堪ldom涌wor恩kso耗nco假stc晴ontr匆ol,厌and夜they爆fou户ndt给hat蕉the症cost吼of兆the律desi梳gnw狡ill魄not摧have凝ag直reat瓜imp娃act,唉it响isw锁rong并,on搂the帅con摆trar块y,D她esig鼠nph词ase邪oft喉hep蒜roje踩ctc努ost支cont羊rol裹ist棚hem杆ost甩impo吹rtan脆tst妨ep.肚Beca后use起itd和eter昆mine消sen瞎gine兽erin制gde恭sign惊,co炕nstr伏ucti耽onm管etho窝ds,辉mate父rial像san罩deq星uipm揉ent禁type电s,m译odel坐sof逢the没pro渡ject愿cos羊tis极of运crit雨ical虏sig与nifi梳canc卫e,d呀esig期nop亦timi称zati恐onp偷hase气of唉the良prog筝ram抛orm俯inor岂cha床nges哪,pr愧ojec烘tco躬stw肌ill余have肿as晕igni姓fica百nti昌mpac凳t,D灵esig雄nph千ase荒oft享hep同roje歪ctc凳ost势cont例rol悠oft巩het郊otal止pro斩ject授cos零tof允70%录.Fo论llow榆ing咱ish元owt扮oco最ntro深lth则epr伍ojec稻tfr载omd因esig塑nto族cre器ate宿the朋Law:沉倾1.凝Ast气heo卖wner线smu纤std产esig歌n,t急hed系esig琴nse耻lect咏edo秘nth岭equ凝alit景yle子vel翁isa柳dir凯ect冈impa乖cto滨nth丰equ型alit墙yof诊pro愤duct隆des亲ign视leve衔l,a狸ndt关hed鞭esig遍nqu块alit诊ypr健oduc黎tsi断nth榨ele驾vel及ofd隶irec屈tin子flue接nce腹ont帜hep源rici阳ngo挪fth油ewo喉rks.燕Dif错fere蚕ntd脸esig然nun此its悔ont线hes悬am期epr干ojec棉tde脑sign丹are督dif伤fere蔑nt.然the障same援ite慌mof丧dif椅fere根ntd向esig章nin封stit便ute守work芽sbe寻twee斜nce定rtai筋nas仇pect铜sof贫the拒pro按ject碗cos急ton祸the提exi晴sten个ceo栗fdi寄ffer地ence股sbe除twee场n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