中口笔试试题20119月年9中级口译真题与答案

TheauditoraskedtheaccountantacoupleofTheauditorpromisedtohelptheaccountantwiththeTheauditorcalledtheaccountantabouttheaccuracyofthe(A)AcarefulcheckhasrevealedthatyourproductsarenotofgoodMoreofficeworkersareneededinreviewingtheapplicants’WeregrettoinformyouthatyourjobapplicationhasbeenturnedWearesorrythatwedidn’tcheckyourqualificationwhileyouwereinthe(A)ExpertsinthemedicalfieldhavedoubledinthepastfiveBothhealthfoodandmedical WeregrettoinformyouthatyourjobapplicationhasbeenturnedWearesorrythatwedidn’tcheckyourqualificationwhileyouwereinthe(A)NowAmericanmencanlivefiveyearslongerthanAnordinaryAmericanwomanlivesahappierInAmerica,therearemorefemalesthanInAmerica,womenlivelongerthan(A)Withtheexpansionofurbanization,manypeoplenowchoosetoliveintheWiththeprivate ingincreasinglypopular,thereislessgreeninThereisgoodreasonthatainanurbanareashouldnotbuyaThereistheanswertothequestionofwhyitisworthwhilelivinginalarge(A)Idon’tthinkweshouldapplythebasicprincipleofTherewillbeaturningpointforourifweobservethebasicManycompaniesarehitbytheeconomiccrisis,andourisnoLittledowerealizethatourhasbeenaffectedbythecurrenteconomic(A)Shecansaveupto$600amonthforherShespendsapproximay$800eachSheisnotcontentwithherparentsfortheShecannotmakebothendsmeetwhileat(A)ThepromotionsandhighersalariesbringincreasedTherearemoreopportunitiestobepromotedinernmentBusinessesandorganizationsarereluctanttopromotetheirOnceahigher esvacant,moreresponsesfromthepublicwillbeheardTalksandConversationsQuestions11—14(A)BecausehiscarbrokeBecausehisregistrationwasBecausehehadabrokenBecausehecouldnotfindhishistory(A)HeisaHeisaHeisataxiHeisa(A)At9At10At12Attwointhe(A)Hehadtocallataxi (B)Hehadtoeatandsleepinhis(C)Hehadtocomesomeother (D)HehadtoreportthemurderQuestions15—(A)Atourwhosepriceincludestickets,meals AtravelarrangementthattakespeopletomorethanoneAtripthatcoversadistanceofmorethan50Atouristgroupthatconsistsofatleast80AnAnAsianAtravelagentinthe(A)IthasapopulationoftwomillionItstouristindustryaccountsfor8%ofitsMostofitsresidentsareofBritishMostof ecomesfrom(A)SomeUS$50AboutUS$500SomeUS$500AboutUS$5000Questions19—(A)AAmovieAAhistory(A)ShereadsaSheisaShehastowordthisShedoesnotlikethe(A)WriteaboutJoinabookReadbooksRegisterwiththe(A)ReturnthebookthenextReadthecatalogueeveryPurchaseafewbookseachHelpthewomanjoinabookQuestions23--(A)AwomanisnotascapableasaAwomanisnotasattentiveasaAwomantendstotaketheinitialsteptotalkwithaAwomantendstoimprovethefirstimpressionshe(A)SteptothesidetoletotherpeopleTrytowalkinGointotheroomaheadofHoldherheadhightoshow(A)GiveastoeachmanintheApproachthemaninthemiddleandgreetStretchouttoshakehandswithWalkoverthestrikea(A)FacetoAnyofthefingertipSayingQuestions27--(A)SupervisorandReporterandColleaguesinUniversity(A)IthasatutorialsupervisionIthasprogressiveideasonItsprofessorsaremoreinterestedinItsstaffmaintainagoodrelationwiththe(A)ThecourseThechemistryTheThe(A)Theirlecturer-studentratioisnotTheirstaffisnotinterestedinhelTheirlecturehallsarenotwellTheirdegreesarenotacceptedbySentenceTranslationSection2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-5Iheardmytrainapproaching.Iranupatwo-storyescalatorandhoppedonmytrain.Iwasrelievedtomakeitontomytrain,butmyreliefwasshort-lived.Whilecatchingmybreath,Iheardtheannouncementthatthetrainwouldbestoppedbecauseofanaccident.ThiswasthesameannouncementIhadheardjustaweekbefore.ThenumberoftrainaccidentsisincreasinginJapan,anditisthoughtthatone-thirdoftheaccidentsresultfromsuicideattempts.Japan'ssuiciderateisoneofthehighestintheworld.Morethan30,000Japanesepeopletaketheirliveseveryyear,eventhoughmycountry,Japan,isoneoftherichestandthemostadvancedcountriesintheworldtoday.AllowmetodescribesomefactorsofthesicklyJapanesesituationandtolistsomesilverbulletswhichmightcuretheillness.Tofindthecausesoftoday'sJapanesesocialproblems,IlookedbackathistoryandrealizedthatthewayJapandealtwiththeaftermathofWorldWarIImighthavedirectlyaffectedwhatJapanesesocietyistoday.NoothercountryexceptJapancould eaworldleaderjust20to30yearsafterlosingamajorwarandachieveoneoftheworld'shighestGNPs.ItwouldhavebeenimpossiblewithoutJapanesediligence.WhileIamamazedatJapan'sdevelopment,IthatJapanalsolostsomethingimportantduringthepostwarboomera.Japanistheonlycountrythathassufferedfromthedamageinflictedbyatomicbombs.However,thenuclearattackisjustahalf-century-oldstoryformostpeoplenow.ItseemsthatJapanmovedtooswiftlytoputthispainbehindusinordertograbimmediateprofitsinbusiness.WhileJapanesesocietyhasprospered,ithasfocusedonlyonshort-termgain.Therefore,ithasneglectedthedignityofhumanlife.Japaneseseekmaterialaffluenceandconvenience,butinchasingthesethings,wehaveleftbehindrichnessofthemindandtheheart.Asaresultofthis,peopleinJapanhavenodreamsandhope.Oursocietyhas eacoldandlonelyce,whichlackslifeandspirit.HowshouldJapanesesociety eitsunhealthysituation?Whenonedoesnotdowhatoneshoulddo,heorshecannotcomealive.ItseemsthatJapanisinexactlythesamesituation.Tomakeoursocietyvigorous,Japanshouldcarryoutitsdutiesandresponsibilities.Forexample,itisthedutyofJapantoproclaimtheimportanceofworldpeace.ItistheresponsibilityofJapantosharewiththeentireworldthetechnologyithasdevelopedwhichmighthelppreventglobalwarming.Tohaveatruehappyandbountifullife,eachofthepeopleinJapanshouldrethinkthevalueoflifeandtheimportanceofcaringforeachother.ThesethingshavebeenneglectedbecauseJapanesehavebeenoverzealousintheirquestformoneyandmaterialwealth.OnlywhenJapanesepeopleunderstandwhattruehappinessiswillJapanesesocietygrasptheimportanceofhumanlife.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthefirstHisreliefatcatchingthetrainwasshort-CitypeopleareinamadrushtocatchtheirSuicideattemptsarepartlyresponsiblefortrainTrainaccidentsareincreasingbecauseofmechanical“Silverbullets”(para.3)couldbebestrecedby powerfulpreventivesevereTheword“this”(para.5,underlined)shouldreferto thepostwarboomthepursuitofmaterialthedamageinflictedbyatomicthelossofrichnessofthemindandtheTheauthormentionsallofthefollowingthatJapanshoulddotoaddressthecurrentsocialproblemsEXCEPT fulfillingitsdutytoproclaimtheimportanceofworldsharingitsadvancedtechnologywiththewholeslowingdownitsrapiddevelopmentandvigorouspursuitofmaterialrethinkingthevalueoflifeandtheimportanceofpeoplecaringforoneWhatcanbeconcludedfromtheSuicideisoneofthetopproblemstobetackledinEconomicdevelopmentwillgiverisetosocialToJapanesepeoplecannothavetheircakeandeatitWhattheJapanesepeoplearepursuingnowisnottrueQuestions6-LightingupacigaretteathomecouldbringavisitfromHonduranifafamilymemberorevenavisitorcominsaboutsecondhandsmoke.AnewlawthattookeffectMondaybanningsmokinginmostpublicandprivatespacesdoesn'tactuallyoutlawcigarettesinsidehomes,butitdoeshaveaprovisionallowingpeopletofilecomintsaboutsecondhandsmokeinhomes.Violationswouldbringaverbalwarningonthefirstoffense.Afterthatcouldcomearrestanda$311fine—theequivalentofthemonthlyminimumwageinthisCentralAmericancountry.Evensomeanti-smokingadvocatesthatpartofthelawmaynotwork."Itseemsintentionistoeducatebywayofcomints,amovethatIdonotfindveryfeasible,"saidArmandoPeruga,aprogrammanagerattheWorldHealthOrganization'sTobacco-Initiative.HedidpraiseHondurasforadoptingabroadanti-smokinglaw,notingitisonlythe29thnationtoadoptsuchalawoutofWHO's193memberstates.ButPerugasaidtheclauseallowingfamilymemberstocallontheirsmokerrelativesisconfusing.Theclause"doesnotmakemuchsensesincethelawclearlydoesnotprohibitsmokingathomes."Thelawbanssmokinginmostclosedpublicorprivatespacesandorderssmokerstostandatleastsixfeetawayfromnonsmokersinanyopenspace.Thelawexplicitlybanssmokinginschools,gasstations,nightclubs,restaurants,bars,buses,taxis,stadiumsandculturalcentersbutitdoesn'tclearlybansmokingathome.Still,oneclausesaysthat"familiesorindividualsmaycomintolawenmentwhensmokersexposethemtosecondhandsmokeinprivatecesandfamilyhomes.""Thelawisclearandwewillcomplywithit,"saidRonyPortillo,directoroftheInstitutetoPreventAlcoholismandDrugAddiction."willintervene(atahome)whensomeonemakesacomint."Somesaythelawwillbealmostimpossibletoeninacountryof8millionpeoplewitharampantcrimeproblemandonly12,000officers."won'tbeabletoenitbecausetheycanbarelykeepupwiththecrimewavethathasbeenoverwhelmingustobeabletogoafterthosewhoaresmokingathome,"saidJoseMartinez,a38-year-oldcomputerengineerwhohassmokedfor20years.Thelawalsooutlawsalladvertisingfortobaccoproductsandrequiresphotosoflungsaffectedbycancertobecedoncigarettepacks.Tobaccoandcigarettecompanieshave60daystocomplywithbothrequirements.InHonduras,30percentofthepeoplesmoke,andnineoutof10Honduranssufferingfromacutebronchitisliveinhomeswherethereisasmoker,accordingtoHonduranhealth.Whenthenewanti-smokinglawtookeffect, peoplecouldmakecomintsaboutsecondhandsmokeinsmokinginmostpubliccesandfamilyhomeswasthefirstviolationcouldbepunishedwithafineofthemonthlyminimummostanti-smokingadvocatesdismissedthenewlawasArmandoPeruga’sresponsetotheadoptionofthenewlawinHondurasisbestdescribed (B)(C) (D)Whichofthefollowingissynonymouswiththeword“clause”inthe (B)(C) (D)EnAccordingtothepassage,whyisitdifficulttoenthenewBecausehavedifficultylocatingtheoffenderofthenewBecausetheoverwhelmingmajorityofsmokersdefythenewBecauseitisconfusinganddoesnotactuallyoutlawcigarettesinsideBecausethenumberoflawenmentofficersissmallinproportiontoInHonduras,peoplehaveacutebronchitismainlybecausethey dineinrestaurantswithhaveregularsmokersinpatronizesmoke-filledworklongtermintobaccoOnlyafewhundredpeopleliveinYvoire,butthesmallvillageonthesouthernshoresofLakeGenevahasalottooffer.ItevenenjoysthereputationofbeingoneoftheprettiestcesinallofFrance-thankstoitsmedievalbuildings,theunusuallyscenicviewofthelakeanditscountlessflowerswhichinthesummermonthsdecoratemanyofthetown’shouses.Yvoireisnolongerasecrettip.Onthecontrary,manyvisitorswhohavesetuptheirquartersnearbyeitherinFranceorSwitzerland,cometothetown.Andformanyvacationerstravellingsouthwards,Yvoireisanidealstop-offpoint.Duringsomedaysofthemainseasontheparkinglotsnearthetowncenterarefilledup,whileexcursionboatsbringinloadsoftouristsfromacrossthelake.Now,inautumn,theatmosphereistangiblyquieterandthevisitorsarenolongertripovereachothers’feet.Foratouraroundthetown,oneshouldsetasideabitoftime.Manyshopswillbesellingtheusualtouristsouvenirsrangingfromcoffeemugstolapelpins.Buttherearealsoanumberofgalleriesofferingpaintings,sculpturesandallkindsofhand-madeartifacts,whileinothershopstherearehigh-qualityporcelainitemsandclothing.Thosewhoduringtheirstrollthroughthestreetshappentolookupwilldiscovertheentiregloryoftheflowersdecoratingthehouses.Thegreyofthenaturalstoneofwhichthehousesarebuiltletstheriotofredsshineevenmorebrightly.Yvoire’sgastronomysceneisamodestone,butontheroadalongthelakeshorevisitorshaveanumberofopportunitiestofindtop-levelcuisine.ThoseseekingabitofluxurywillfindwhattheyarelookingforinEvian-les-Bains,aboutahalf-hourdrivetotheeast.There,atthehomeoftheworld-famousmineralwaterofthesamename,thereistothisdaythesummer-residenceflairofthenobilityandupperclasses.InYvoirethepathquicklyleadsdowntotheshore,whereinasmallharbouryachtsarebobbinginthewaterandafewfishermenaredefendingtheirspaceagainstallthetourists.Whatisleftofanerstwhilecastleisquicklycircledandleadstothedocksfortheexcursionboats.Itcanbecrowdedontheboatsandtherereallyisn’tthatmuchtosee.Soonequicklyclimbsthehillbackuptotownforastrollagainthroughthenarrowstreets.Theyleadtoasmall,tree-linedsquarelocatedinfrontofaprettychurch,dedicatedtoStPankratiusanditsconstructiondatingbacktothe11thcentury.JustwhypreciselyatthetipoftheLemanPeninsulaastrongly-fortifiedtownwasbuiltbackintheMiddleAgesiseasilyexined.ThelocationonthetransitpointbetweenthelargerandsmallerpartofLakeGenevawasanidealonefortherulertosecurehisclaimtopower.Andsothereevolvedatthestartofthe14thcenturyaformidablefortification.Overthecourseoftimetheownershipandpowerequationswouldchange,andafewhundredyearslaterthetownsankbackintomilitaryinsignificance.Thehistoricalarchitecturesurvivedovertime,untilmodern-daytourismafterWorldWarIIwokeYvoireupfromitsslumberandlentitnewimportanceagain.Accordingtothepassage,whenisYvoirebusiestwithInspringInsummerInautumnIntheChristmasAllofthefollowingaddbeautytothesmallvillageYvoireEXCEPTits historicalscenicviewofthegastronomydecoratingAccordingtothepassage,Yvoireisalsoanattractionforvisitorswho liketogoshoplookfortop-levelseekabitofhaveaninterestinTheword“flair”(para.3)isclosetinmeaningto (B)(C) (D)ItmaybeinferredfromthepassagethatYvoire wasapopulartouristtownforafewhundredwasastrongly-fortifiedtownagainstwitnessedmilitarysforitsboastedmorethanothersmalltownscouldQuestions16-NapoleonfamouslydescribedtheBritishasanationofshopkeepers.Thesedaysitwouldbeequallytruetodescribethemasanationofshoppers.Eitherway,LondonistheUK’sshopmecca;ifyoucan’tfindithereyouprobablycan’tfinditatall.SomeLondonshopsaremoreorlesstouristattractionsintheirownright.FewvisitorscomeawaywithoutpopintoHarrods,evenifonlytogawp.Thisfamousstoreisarealone-off.Thetoiletsarefab,thefoodhallenoughtomakeyouswoon,andiftheyhaven’tgotwhatyouwant,itprobablydoesn’texist.Nootherstorehassuchasenseofsheer,outrageousabundance.SinceNicks’)has eanothermust-seeattraction.Itboastsagreatfoodhall,anextravagantperfumedepartmentandjewellerytosaveupfor.ButwithallthebignamesfromMiyaketoLauren,HammetttoCalvinKleinandawholefloorofup-to-the-minutemenswear,it’sfashionthatHarveyNicholsdoesbetterthantherest.Theselectionisunrivalledandthepriceshigh,althoughthesalesoffersomegreatbargains,andthestore’sownclothinglineisreasonable.CarnabyStreetstillreeksofthe60salthoughit’shadsomethingofarevivalsincetheBritannia’kickbroughtUnionJackdressesbackintofashion.ThelastpunkshavelongsinceslunkawayfromChelsea’sKing’sRdbuttherearestillplentyofinterestingshopsslottedinamidthehigh-streetchains.OxfordStandclassierRegentStcomeintotheirowninthesixweeksrunninguptoChristmaswhenthey’refestoonedwithlights.AtothertimesoftheyearOxfordStcanbeagreatdisappointment.Selfridge’sisuptherewithHarrodsasacetovisitandtheflagshipMarks& Althoughmostthingscanbeboughtinmostpartsoftown,therearealsostreetswiththeirownspecialities;TottenhamCourtR&forexample,isonelongelectricalgoodsshop(watchoutfortip-offsthough),whileCharingCrossRdisstillthecetocomeforoffbeatbooks.Manytouristattractionshaveexcellentshops,sellinggood-qualitysouvenirslikemugs,pens,pencils,stationeryandT-shirts,oftenwiththemestomatchtheircontent(warbooksandsattheImperialWarMuseum).Bybuyingfromtheseshopsyouhelpcontributetowardsthebuilding’smaintenance,especiallyimportantinthecasesofthosewithoutentrycharges.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofItisnotworthvisitingItisanunhappyexperienceshopItisacomprehensivedepartmentItisanicestoreexceptitsfoodTheword“revival”(para.3)means coolingholdingcomingfiringAccordingtothewriter,whenisthebestshoptimeatOxfordAlltheyearNovemberandOnlyChristmasItisnotWhereshouldyougoifyouwanttobuyanunconventionalCarnabyStreetChelsea’sKing’sTheImperialWarCharingCrossTheoverallpurposeofthepassageis tointroduce cesintodescribetheBritishastoshowhowtheBritishhavechangedfromshopkeeperstotoindicatetheBritisharebetteratngbusinessthanotherQuestions21-NextmonthalargegroupofBritishbusinesspeoplearegoingtoAmericaonaventurewhichmaygenerateexportearningsfortheircompanies’shareholdersinyearstocome.Alonglistofsponsorswillsupporttheinitiative,whichwillinvolvea￡3-millionmedianandafortnightofeventsandexhibitions.TheultimategoalistopersuademoreAmericansthatBritishcompanieshavesomethingtointerestthem.Whiletherehavebeenplentyoftradeinitiativesinthepast,theifferencethistimeroundisthatconsiderablethinkingandnninghavegoneintotryingtoworkoutjustwhatitisthatAmericanslookforinBritishproducts.Insteadofexclusivelypromotingthemajorcorporations,thistimethereismoreemphasisonsupportingthesmaller,moreunusual,nichebusinesses.FreshinthememoriesofallthoseconcernedistheknowledgethatAmericahasbeentheendofmanyalargeandapparentlysuccessfulbusiness.ForCarringtons,aretailgroupmuchrespectedbyEuropeancustomersandinvestors,AmericaturnedouttobeacommercialdisasterandthebeliefthattheycouldevenshowsomeofthegreatAmericanstoresaretailingtrickortwowashopelesslyPollyBrown,anotherveryBritishbrandthatrodehighforyearsongoodprofitsandhugecityconfidence,alsofoundthatconqueringAmerica,incommercialandretailingterms,wasnotaseasyasithadimagined.WhenitpositioneditselfintheUSasaniche,luxurybrand,sellingshirtsthatwerepricedat$40intheUKfor$125intheStates,thestrategyseemedtowork.Butonceitsmanagementdecideditshouldtakeonthemiddlemarket,thissuccessrapidlydrainedaway.ItwasadisastrousmistakeandthehighcostofthefailedAmericanexpansionnsyedalargeroleinitsdecliningfortunesinthemid-nineties.SarahScott,managingdirectorofSmythson,theupmarketstationer,hashadtothinklongandhardaboutwhatittakestosucceedinAmericaandshetakesitveryseriouslyindeed.’ManyBritishfirmsarequitepatronisingabouttheUS,’shesays.Theythinkthatwe’resomuchmoresophisticatedthantheAmericans.Theyobviouslyhaven’tnoticedRalphLauren,anAmericanwhohasbeenmuchmoreskilledattapintoanidealisedEnglishnessthananyEnglish.ssuccessfulintheUK,it’sboundtobesuccessfuloverthere.Youhavetolookatwhatyoucanbringthemthattheyhaven’talreadygot.Onthewhole,Americancompaniesarebrilliantatthemass,middlemarketandpeoplewho’vetriedtotakethemonatthislevelhavefounditveryThistimerounditisjustpossiblethatchangingtastesarerunninginBritain’sfavour.Theenthusiasmformassive,centralisedretailchainshasdecreased.Peoplewantthingswithsomesortofindividuality;theyarefedupwiththeb,middle-of-the-roadtastethatAmericadoessowell.Theyarenowlookingforthesmall,theprecious,the’realthing’,andthisispreciselywhatmanyofthecompaniesparticipatingintheinitiativedobest.ThemainreasonthattheBritishbusinesspeoplearegoingtoAmericaisto encourageAmericanconsumerstobuytheiryzehowAmericancompaniesattractmedialookforfinancialbackingfromAmericaninvestorsandinvestigatehowBritishandAmericancompaniescouldformInthewriter’sopinion,theproposedventurewillbedifferentfrompreviousonesin fewerBritishbusinessleaderswillbemakingthesmallandspecializedcompanieswillbebetterlargercompanieshavedecidedtheywillnotbeitinvolvesresearchintohowBritishcompaniesmarketThewriterstatesthatCarringtonswaswrongto becautiousabouttradinginborrowmoneyfromitsEuropeanassumeitwassuperiortoAmericanignoretheadviceofitsAmericanAccordingtothewriter,PollyBrown’smistakeoccurredwhenit totradedespitemakingalossattemptedtoattactadifferenttypeoftriedtobreakintotoomanymarketsatthesameexpectedAmericanconsumerstopayBritishThewritersuggeststhatbusinesssuccessinAmeicadependsupon adoptingamoreAmericanapproachtopersuadingthemid-rangeconsumertopayforcopyingthestrategiesofAmericanbuildingareputationasarofuniqueQuestions26-ExtractSimplyput,anewspapereditorialisanarticlethatexpressesanopinion.Whilethissinglesentencemaynotseemtodojusticetodefiningwhataneditorialis,thinkaboutthisbriefdefinition.Whatothertypesofarticleexpressthisdefiningcharacteristic?Whatotherarticlesactivelypromotetheexpressionofanopinion?Reviewersmayincludefactualinformation,sotheiralopinionsdonottotallydominateareview,andnewreportersattempttogive“justthefacts”aboutasituation.Editorialsareoneofthefewtypesofarticlesthatcelebratetheexpressionofopinion;theyarewhollycenteredontheopinionbeingpresentedbythewriterandthedebateanddiscussionthattheopinionincites.Thatsaid,aneditorialwriteroftenattemptstothebestofhisoherownabilitytodefendtheopinionthatisbeingpresentedagainstpotentialcounrguments—agoodeditorialdoesnotappearinavacuum;thisdefenceemploysargument,logic,andotherappealstoreadersinanattempttoachieveadesiredeffect.Thepurposeofanygiveneditorialisentirelydirectedbyitswriter.Mostoften,however,editorialwritersseektoprovethevalidityofanopinionthroughargument,pointoutsomethingthathasbeenignored,orsimplycreatediscussionaboutatopic.Insum,mosteditorialwillinevitablyinvolvethedefenceofanopinioninthehopesofadvancingsomegoalthatthewriterhasinmind.ExtractIfyouwantto eamusicjournalist,thereareseveralstartingpoints.Oneistohaveagoodknowledgeofthegreats,becausewhenyouwriteyouhavetoputtoday’smusicintocontext.Itisn’tenoughsimplytobefamiliarwiththemusicofthelastfiveyears.Anotherwayistospecializeinaparticulartypeofmusic,suchasfolk,countryortechno.Andthethirdstartingpointistobeamusician.Thisopensdoorstothemagazinestargetedspecificallyatmusiciansratherthanbutit’sacompetitivemarketcesoit’simportantthatinsomewayyoumeetthesometimesquitespecificneedsofthemusicmagazines.Staffjobsdogetadvertisedfromtimetotime,butyourbestapproachmightbetoworklance.Thiswayyoucandonon-musicwritingaswell,ifnecessary,toaddtoyour e,andIngeneraltheymakesuretheymeettheirreaders’veryspecificexpectations,andsoyoumayfindwritingjustforoneislimiting.InthefirstparagraphofExtract1,thewriteris showinghowonenewspaperdiffersfrommendingaparticularcategoryofnewspaperstressingtheimportanceofreadingdifferentopinionsinandifferentiatingeditorialsfromothertypesofnewspaperAccordingtothesecondparagraphofExtract1,editorialwritersarelikelyto exinthecircumstancesinwhichtheycouldchangetheirclaimtohaveopinionsthattheydonotreallytakeotherpeople’sopinionsintosummarizeotherwriter’sopinionsonthesameInExtract2,whatdoesthewritersay ingamusicOpportunitiesaremostlylimitedtocertaincategoriesofThemostsuccessfuljournalistsfindafieldthatfewpeoplespecializeItiseasiestforsomeonewhowriteswithanindividualTraditionalopportunitiesforjournalistsare InthesecondparagraphofExtract2,thewritersaysthateachmusicmagazinetends publishpiecesthatfitwithinarelativelynarrowencouragewriterstofindoutwhatreaderspublishpiecesthatwilldeveloptheirreaders’encouragewriterstodealwithavarietyofInExtract3,thewritercomparestwoseriesofbookstosuggestthatJournalism:AVeryShortIntroductionisnotsufficiently informativefornon-originalinitsacademicinitsentertainingforitsreadersSection3:TRANSLATIONTEST(1)TherelativedeclineofAmericaneducationattheelementary-andhigh-schoollevelshaslongbeenanationalembarrassmentaswellasathreattothenation'sfuture.Onceuponatime,Americanstudentstestedbetterthananyotherstudentsintheworld.Now,rankedagainstEuropeanschoolchildren,AmericadoesaboutaswellasPoland,behindatleast10othernations.WithinintheUnitedStates,theachievementgapbetweenwhitestudentsandpoorandminoritystudentsstubbornlypersists.Formuchofthelasthalfcenturyprofessionaleducatorsbelievedthatiftheycouldonlyfindtherightpedagogy,therightmethodofinstruction,allwouldbewell.Yetinrecentyearsresearchershavediscoveredsomethingthatmayseemobvious,butformanyreasonswasoverlookedordenied.Whatreallymakesadifference,whatmattersmorethantheclasssizeorthetextbook,theteachingmethodorthetechnology,oreventhecurriculum,isthequalityoftheteacher.Muchoftheabilitytoteachisinnate—anabilitytoinspireyoungmindsaswellascontrolunrulyclassroomsthatsomepeopleinstinctivelypossessandsomepeopledefiniydonot.Section1:LISTENING【SpotDictationInAmericatherearenonoblesormenofletters,andthecommonfolkmistrustthewealthy.Consequently,lawyersformthehighestpoliticalclassandthemostcultivatedcircleofsociety.Theyhavethereforenothingtogainbyinnovation,whichaddsaconservativeinteresttotheirnaturaltasteforpublicorder.IfIwereaskedwhereIcetheAmericanaristocracy,Ishouldreplywithouthesitationthatitisnotcomposedoftherich,whoareunitedtogetherbynocommontie,butthatitoccupiesthejudicialbenchandthebar.WhenIstartedresearchingthistopic,Ifoundaninterestingwebsite“LegalReformAsthenamesuggests,thiswebsiteisdevotedtolegalreformanditisdefiniyconcernedaboutthedominanceoflawyersinAmericanernment.ThereIreadanarticlebyapoliticalscienceprofessorfromtheuniversityofWisconsin.OneobservationtheUWarticleconfirmsisthatthelegalprofessionisthedominantprofessionofthepeoplere-electtopublicoffice.Forexample,abouthalfourrepresentativesandtwo-thirdsofoursenatorsarelawyers.Nootherprofessioncomesclosetohavingthesamethenumberofpeopleinpoliticaloffice?Effectively,lawyersformournation’smostpowerfulorganizedpoliticalconstituencyAmerica.Lawyersmakeourlawsandlawyersinterpretourlaws.Whenjudgesareappointed,theAmericanbarassociationistheonlyprofessionalorganizationthatisconsultedtoratethefitnessofpotentialjudicialappointees.Ournationhasbeeninexistenceforover200yearsandlawyershavebeenthisaristocracysinceitsformation.Oursystemworks,butdowereallywanttohaveasingleprofessioninchargeofournation?Specifically,dowewanttohavethelegalprofessionincharge?Nexttimeyouvote,that’ssomethingtothinkabout. 11.wenothingto 12.twothirds/public 13.comeclosewithout 14.mostmanydifferent 15.makeournocommon 16.professionalweb 17.Over200legal 18.politicalscience 19.incharge 20.nexttimeyou。【评析】这篇文章是关于在的地位组成了最高政治阶层，以及社会最具？，。cultivatedadj有教养的innovationn.创新conservativeadj.保守的becomposedof由…组成benchthebar和dominancen.地位representativesn.众议员senatorn.参议员aristocracyn.【ListeningComprehension】Q1.Attheannualgeneralmeeting,theboardchairmanoftheoutlinedthedevelopmentstrategyforthenext5years.Q2.Youneedn’tnotifythemaintenanceofficeaboutthefixingofthefaucetinthewashroom.cangetTomtotakecareofit.HeisreallyQ3.Althoughtheaccountantpromisedtohelpbyallhecould,theauditorcalledintoquestiontheaccuracyofthefiguresinthebooks.Q4.Wehavecarefullycheckedyourqualificationsanddecidedthatweneedsomeonewithmoreofficeexperience.Wearesorryfortheinconvenience.Q5.ThesalesofVitaminE,helped