江西省萍乡市实验学校2021-2022学年高一下学期英语竞赛试卷

萍乡实验学校2021-2022学年第二学期第六届英语素能竞赛试卷高一英语试题考试时间：180分钟试卷满分：250分注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷无效。3．考试结束后，请本次比赛考生将试卷与答题卡一并交回，试卷会下发开讲评课用。——————————★祝考试顺利★———————————第Ⅰ卷客观题（共167分）第一部分语法填空（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hanami,whichmeans“flowerviewing”inJapanese,is____1____country’straditionofenjoyingthebeautyofcherryblossom.Everyyear,fromtheendofMarchtothestartofMay,familiesandfriendsgather____2____(see)cherryblossom(calledsakura)bloomalloverJapan.ThehistoryofHanamidatesbacktoaroundAD710.Backthen,itwasplumblossomthatpeopleadmiredratherthancherryblossom.EmperorSaga,who____3____(rule)from809to823,wasthefirsttoholdaviewingpartyforcherryblossomafterhesawatreehelikedinKyoto.Inthe16thcentury,aleadercalledHideyoshiToyotomibroughtHanamitothe____4____(mass)byplantinghundredsofcherrytreesacrossthecountry.Oncethecherrytreesareinbloomit’sarace____5____timetoseethembecausetheblossomissooncarriedawaybythewind.Theshortlifespanoftheflowersis____6____(center)toHanamiandtheJapaneseconceptofwabi-sabi,whichisa____7____(celebrate)ofnatureanditsimperfections.Today,Hanamiinvolves____8____(gather)underneathtreesforpicnicsandparties.Companiesoftensendoutjuniormembersofstafftosaveagoodspotforothers.People____9____(advise)nottositnearapavementbecauseofthelargecrowdsthatgatherthroughouttheday.Somepeoplebringheatpackstokeepthemselveswarm.Parkshavestrictrulesabout_____10_____peoplecansitandwhen,andeveryoneisexpectedtocleanupafterthemselves.【答案】1.the2.tosee3ruled4.masses5.against6.central7.celebration8.gathering9.areadvised10.where【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本欣赏樱花的传统，阐述了其历史溯源以及如今人们是如何赏花的。【详解】1．考查冠词。句意：Hanami在日语中意为“赏花”，是日本欣赏樱花美景的传统。此处“country”指前面定语从句中提到过的日本，特指，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年3月底至5月初，家人和朋友都会聚集在一起观看日本各地的樱花。根据名意，“(see)cherryblossom”是“familiesandfriendsgather”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填tosee。3．考查动词时态。句意：从809年到823年在位的佐贺天皇，在京都看到了自己喜欢的一棵树后，第一个举办了赏樱会。分析句子可知，提示词rule(统治)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(即EmperorSaga)之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语“from809to823”，应使用一般过去时态。故填ruled。4．考查名词。句意：在16世纪，一位名叫丰臣秀吉的领袖在全国种植了数百棵樱花树，从而将花见带给了大众。themasses为固定短语，意为“大众，群众”，故填masses。5．考查介词。句意：一旦樱花树盛开，就要与时间赛跑，因为樱花很快就会被风吹走。againsttime固定短语，“尽快地，争分夺秒地”，故填against。6．考查形容词。句意：花的短暂寿命是花见和日本侘寂概念的核心，这是对自然及其不完美的颂扬。结合句意和空格前be动词可知，应填入形容词central作表语，意为“最重要的，中央的”，且becentralto固定短语，“对……极为重要的”。故填central。7．考查名词。句意：花的短暂寿命是花见和日本侘寂概念的核心，这是对自然及其不完美的颂扬。根据空格前不定冠词a可知，应填入单数名词celebration作表语，意为“庆祝，颂扬”，故填celebration。8．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，Hanami包括聚集在树下野餐和聚会。involvedoingsth.为固定短语，意为“包括做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填gathering。9．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：由于全天聚集了大量人群，建议人们不要坐在人行道附近。分析句子可知，advise(建议)是句中谓语动词，与主语People之间是被动关系，结合语境和段首时间状语Today，描述现时的习俗，应使用一般现在时态，又因people作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填areadvised。10．考查宾语从句。句意：公园对人们可以坐的位置和时间有严格的规定，每个人都应该自己打扫卫生。分析句子可知，“peoplecansit”是宾语从句，结合句意，此处表示“人们可以坐在哪里”，应用连接副词where引导该宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。WearingwristbandswiththenamesofLeBronJamesandKobeBryant____11____(write)onthem,17-year-oldTibetangirlCiglaplaysherfavoritesport—basketball—atNagquNo2SeniorHighSchoolinLhasa,TibetAutonomousRegion.Forher,____12____(study)inLhasa,theregion’smostdevelopedcity,hasmadeitmuch____13____(easy)forhertorealizeherbasketballdream.With____14____averagealtitudeofover4,500meters,NagquisamongthemostuninhabitableplacesinTibet.____15____havelongcompromisedthehealthofNagqustudentsarelow-oxygenenvironmentandextremeweather.“Thestudentshadbarelyplayedanysportsdueto____16____(limit)sportsfacilitiesandfrequentbadweatherinNagqu.”saidBachug,theschool'sphysicaleducationteacher.However,inabidtoensureequalaccess____17____qualityeducation,inrecentyears,theTibetregionalgovernment____18____(establish)severalschoolsinLhasatorecruitNagqustudents.LikeCigla,manyNagqustudentsarefrompoorfarmingandherdingfamilies.Theschool____19____(campus)inLhasahavesevenconcretebasketballcourts,astandardsoccerfieldandasportsstadium,whichgivesstudentsopportunities____20____(train)theirbodiesandfindthesportthatappealstothem.【答案】11.written12.studying13.easier14.an15.What16.limited17.to18.hasestablished19.campuses20.totrain【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了在高海拔和天气恶劣的西藏拉萨，一个那曲女孩克服困难追求篮球梦想的故事。【11题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在西藏自治区拉萨的那曲第二高级中学，17岁的藏族女孩希格拉戴着写有勒布朗·詹姆斯和科比·布莱恩特名字的腕带，玩着她最喜欢的运动——篮球。此处是“with+名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）”with复合结构充当名词wristbands的后置定语，设空处用作非谓语，write与逻辑主语thenamesofLeBronJamesandKobeBryant之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填written。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对她来说，在该地区最发达的城市——拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦想。分析句子结构可知，hasmade在句子作谓语，动词短语“________inLhasa”是非谓语，在句子作主语，所以用动名词形式。故填studying。【13题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：对她来说，在该地区最发达的城市——拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦想。结合句意和空前修饰比较级的much可知，应用形容词比较级作宾语补足语。故填easier。【14题详解】考查冠词。句意：那曲平均海拔4500多米，是西藏最不适宜居住的地方之一。设空处限定名词短语averagealtitude，表达“一个……的平均海拔”，用不定冠词，average以元音音素开头，用an。故填an。【15题详解】考查名词性从句连词。句意：长期以来，低氧环境和极端天气是影响那曲学生健康的主要因素。分析句子结构可知，“5havelongcompromisedthehealthofNagqustudents”在句中作主语，所以设空处引导主语从句，该空在从句中作主语，表达“……的事情/东西”，用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：由于那曲地区有限的体育设施和频繁的恶劣天气，学生们几乎没有进行过任何体育活动。根据句子结构和句意可知，设空处修饰后面的名词短语sportsfacilities，应用形容词limited作定语。故填limited。【17题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，为了确保平等获得优质教育，近年来，西藏自治区政府在拉萨建立了多所学校，招收那曲地区的学生。根据句意“获得，接近，得到”可知，用短语accessto表达。故填to。【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，为了确保平等获得优质教育，近年来，西藏自治区政府在拉萨建立了多所学校，招收那曲地区的学生。根据时间状语inrecentyears可知，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时；主语theTibetregionalgovernment是名词单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填hasestablished。【19题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：拉萨校区有七个混凝土篮球场、一个标准足球场和一个体育场，这让学生们有机会锻炼身体，找到自己感兴趣的运动。设空处的名词在句中作主语，谓语动词have是复数，所以主语也应该用名词复数形式；campus以s结尾，加es。故填campuses。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拉萨校区有七个混凝土篮球场、一个标准足球场和一个体育场，这让学生们有机会锻炼身体，找到自己感兴趣的运动。在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，gives作谓语，设空处作非谓语，表达“……的机会”用固定搭配opportunitytodo...，动词不定式作后置定语。故填totrain。第二部分完形填空（共两节，满分60分）第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）Iwalkedaroundtothesideofapuddlealongthepathcoveredbywaterandmud.Iwassuddenlyattacked!YetIdid___21___,foritwassounpredictable.Isteppedbackandmyattacker___22___attackingme.Instead,hefliedintheairwithitsgracefulwingsinfrontofme.IfIhadbeenhurt,Iwouldn’thavefounditamusingbutIwasunhurt,itwas___23___andIwaslaughing.Afterall,Iwasbeingattackedbyabutterfly!Itookastepforward,andmyattackerrushedmeagain.Hepushedand___24___meinthechestwithhisheadandbodyoverandoveragainwithallhismight.It’sjustnoteverydaythatoneis___25___byabutterfly,soIstoppedtofindoutthe___26___.Myattackermovedbackaswellto___27___ontheground.That’swhenIdiscoveredwhymyattackerwas___28___meonlymomentsearlier.Hismatebesidethepuddlewherehelandedwasdying.Sittingclosebesideher,heopenedandclosedhiswingsasiftofanher.Icouldonlyadmiretheloveandcourageofthatbutterflyinhis___29___forhismate,eventhoughshewas___30___dyingandobviouslyIwassolarge.Hedidsojusttogiveherthoseextrafew___31___momentsoflife.NowIknewwhyandwhathewas___32___.Icouldn’tdoanythingotherthanrewardhimbychangingmy___33___tothemoredifficultsideofthepuddle.Hehadtruly___34___thosemomentstobewithher,undisturbed.Icleanedthemudfrommybootsandleft.Sincethen,I’vealwaystriedtorememberthecourageofthatbutterfly___35___Iseehugebarriersfacingme.Ialwaysuseitasaninspirationtoremindmyselfthatgoodthingsareworthstrivingfor.21.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything22.A.missed B.forgot C.stopped D.avoided23.A.funny B.surprising C.shocking D.exciting24.A.grasped B.hit C.took D.seized25.A.admired B.alarmed C.attracted D.attacked26.A.reason B.purpose C.origin D.direction27.A.run B.lie C.stand D.land28.A.guiding B.charging C.biting D.puzzling29.A.curiosity B.anxiety C.concern D.return30.A.doubtfully B.clearly C.eventually D.suddenly31.A.previous B.precise C.precious D.preferable32.A.fightingfor B.lookingfor C.longingfor D.providingfor33.A.goal B.way C.opinion D.attitude34.A.enjoyed B.left C.earned D.remembered35.A.whatever B.however C.whichever D.whenever【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在绕道时突然被一只蝴蝶攻击了，蝴蝶用尽全力攻击作者，不让作者往前进一步，作者于是停下来查看原因，才发现是因为这只蝴蝶的伴侣在水坑边即将死去，蝴蝶攻击作者只是为了给伴侣争取额外的一些时间。作者被他的勇气和爱所感动，于是改道走了更难走的路，从那以后，每当作者面对巨大的障碍时，作者总是努力回忆那只蝴蝶的勇气，总是用它作为一种激励来提醒自己，好的东西是值得争取的。【21题详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：但我什么也没做，因为它太不可预测了。A.nothing没有什么；B.something某事；C.everything一切；D.anything任何事。根据后文“foritwassounpredictable”可知因为“攻击者”行动难以预测，所以作者什么都没做。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向后退了一步，攻击者停止了对我的攻击。A.missed错过；B.forgot忘记；C.stopped停止；D.avoided避免。根据后文“Instead,hefliedintheairwithitsgracefulwingsinfrontofme.”可知，作者后退一步之后，蝴蝶也不再攻击作者，而是飞到了半空，stopdoingsth.“停止正在做的事”。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我受伤了，我不会觉得这很有趣，但我没有受伤，这很有趣，我笑了。A.funny有趣的；B.surprising意外的；C.shocking令人震惊的；D.exciting令人激动的。结合后文“Iwaslaughing”可知作者觉得被一只蝴蝶攻击很有趣。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用头和身体推我，撞我的胸口，一遍又一遍，用尽全力。A.grasped抓牢；B.hit碰撞，打击；C.took带走；D.seized抓住。根据上文“Iwassuddenlyattacked!”可知指蝴蝶用头和身体撞击作者的胸口，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：被蝴蝶攻击的事可不是每天都有的，所以我停下来查看原因。A.admired钦佩；B.alarmed报警；C.attracted吸引；D.attacked攻击。对应上文“Iwasbeingattackedbyabutterfly”指被蝴蝶攻击。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：被蝴蝶攻击的事可不是每天都有的，所以我停下来查看原因。A.reason理由；B.purpose目的；C.origin起源；D.direction方向。结合后文“That’swhenIdiscoveredwhymyattackerwas”指作者停下来查看蝴蝶攻击自己的原因，reason符合语境。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的攻击者也向后移动，降落在了地上。A.run奔跑；B.lie撒谎；C.stand站立；D.land降落，登陆。根据后文“ontheground”指蝴蝶降落在地面上。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我发现了袭击者片刻之前向我冲来的原因。A.guiding指导；B.charging要价，向……冲来；C.biting咬；D.puzzling使迷惑。根据上文“Itookastepforward,andmyattackerrushedmeagain.”可知作者一向前迈步，蝴蝶就向自己冲来，charge此处表示“向……冲来”。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能钦佩那只蝴蝶在对他的伴侣的关心中表现出的爱和勇气，尽管她显然即将死去，而我显然如此巨大。A.curiosity好奇心；B.anxiety焦虑；C.concern关心；D.return返回。结合上文“Sittingclosebesideher,heopenedandclosedhiswingsasiftofanher.”可知，蝴蝶之所以攻击作者，是不想作者向前走伤害自己的伴侣，而他紧挨着她，张开又合上翅膀，好像在给她扇风，这一系列举动都表明蝴蝶关心他的伴侣。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只能钦佩那只蝴蝶在对他的伴侣的关心中表现出的爱和勇气，尽管她显然即将死去，而我显然如此巨大。A.doubtfully怀疑地；B.clearly无疑地，清楚地；C.eventually终于；D.suddenly突然。结合上文“Hismatebesidethepuddlewherehelandedwasdying.”指那只攻击者蝴蝶的伴侣无疑正在死去，clearly符合语境。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他这样做只是为了给她生命中额外争取一些宝贵时间。A.previous以前的；B.precise精确的；C.precious宝贵的；D.preferable更好的。根据前后文“Hedidsojusttogiveherthoseextrafew…momentsoflife”可知，蝴蝶的伴侣即将死去，因此他这么做是为了给伴侣再争取一些宝贵时间。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我明白他和我展开激战的原因了。A.fightingfor为……而战；B.lookingfor寻找；C.longingfor渴望；D.providingfor提供。结合上文提到的蝴蝶主动攻击作者，其实是为了他的伴侣，即作者明白了蝴蝶是在为什么而战，fightfor符合语境。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了改道去更难走的水坑那边来嘉奖他的行为，我什么也做不了。A.goal目标；B.way方法，道路；C.opinion观点；D.attitude态度。根据后文“tothemoredifficultsideofthepuddle”指作者看到蝴蝶的行为之后，决定改变要走的道路，去更难走的水坑那边。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他真正赢得了和她在一起，不受打扰的时刻。A.enjoyed欣赏；B.left离开；C.earned赚得，赢得；D.remembered记得。根据后文“thosemomentstobewithher”可知，这只蝴蝶通过自己的努力，赢得了和伴侣最后的时刻。故选C。【35题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，无论什么时候我面对巨大的障碍时，我总是努力回忆起那只蝴蝶的勇气。A.whatever无论什么；B.however无论如何；C.whichever无论哪一个；D.whenever每当，无论何时。结合前后文语境“I’vealwaystriedtorememberthecourageofthatbutterfly15Iseehugebarriersfacingme”指无论什么时候作者遇到面对巨大的障碍时，总是努力回忆起那只蝴蝶的勇气，表示“无论什么时候”应用whenever。故选D。第二节完形填空（注意：用2B铅笔将答案填涂在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。）（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）Ispenttimewithsomeeldersduringmygrandmother'sfive-yearstayinthenursinghome.Iknewwhatitwaslikeforthemwithoutany____36____.Sosad.Theyjustkeptlovingeachotherandbeingkind.Oneday,Isawaman____37____onacouchinthehallwhowasfrequentlylyingwithhisheadonthesidearm.EarlierhehadbeentryingtopushJean,whocouldn't____38____faraloneinherwheelchair,withhishead,fromhiswheelchair.Obviously,itwasquitedifficultforhimanditwasalsoa____39____forJean.IaskediftheywouldlikemetopushJean.Jeansaidwith____40____,“Yes,please!”andthemansmiledatoothless“thankyou”.Ithankedhimforhis____41____andpushedJeanbacktoherroom.Now,thissamemanwasonhisownandasIgot____42____,Irealizedhehadonlyone____43____andtheonehedidhavewasdryandfullwithrashes(疹子);hekeptscratching(抓)it.Ihadalotion(涂剂)inmybagthatseemedtomadehimfeelbetter.Ievenfoundmyself____44____thingtodo.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishbutspoketomeinhishomelanguage—Vietnamese—andtearsstartedtocomegentlydownhisface.I______45______histearswithtissuesandpattedhimonhisshoulderto_____46_____him.HekepttalkingandlookingatmeasifIunderstoodhim.Inoddedandlistened.Wedidn't______47______eachotherandweren'tblood-relatedandyet,inthatmoment,weshareda______48______thatwentbeyondblood-hearttoheart.WhenIseehimagain,chancesarethathewon'trecognizeme-butIwillrememberhimforever.And,everytimemyheartextends,itis_______49_______.36.A.doctors B.teachers C.strangers D.visitors37.A.asleep B.alone C.awake D.alive38.A.smile B.move C.talk D.feel39.A.struggle B.surprise C.reward D.puzzle40.A.disappointment B.curiosity C.delight D.embarrassment41.A.advice B.help C.plan D.idea42.A.higher B.faster C.better D.closer43.A.leg B.ear C.hand D.eye44.A.absorbing B.burning C.painting D.putting45.A.painful B.disgusting C.natural D.controversial46.A.wiped B.caught C.stored D.covered47.A.amuse B.comfort C.change D.ignore48.A.admire B.know C.hate D.judge49.A.hobby B.language C.connection D.lifestyle50.A.shrinking B.suffering C.fading D.expanding【答案】36.D37.B38.B39.A40.C41.D42.D43.A44.D45.A46.A47.B48.B49.C50.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去养老院看望祖母时被养老院里人们互相帮助、互相爱护的情景所感动。作者帮助了需要帮助的陌生人，他们不认识对方，也没有血缘关系，但在那一刻，他们分享了一种超越血缘关系的联系——心灵的沟通。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道他们没有来访者是什么感觉。A.doctors医生；B.teachers教师；C.strangers陌生人；D.visitors访问者。根据空后的Sosad.Theyjustkeptlovingeachotherandbeingkind.可知，在养老院里没有“访问者”。故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我看见一个人独自躺在门厅的沙发上，他经常把头靠在枪上。A.asleep睡着的；B.alone独自的，单独的；C.awake醒着的；D.alive活着的。根据第2空后的onacouchinthehallwhowasfrequentlylyingwithhisheadonthesidearm.可知，他是“独自”一人。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：琼一个人坐在轮椅上走不了多远，早些时候，他一直试图用他的头推她。A.smile微笑；B.move移动；C.talk谈论；D.feel感觉。根据空前后的内容EarlierhehadbeentryingtopushJean，whocouldn't和faraloneinherwheelchair，withhishead可知，此处指不能“移动”很远。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，这对他来说很困难，对Jean来说也是一种挣扎。A.struggle奋斗，挣扎；B.surprise惊讶；C.reward报酬；D.puzzle困惑。根据空前的itwasquitedifficultforhimanditwasalso可知，此处与difficult对应的词是struggle。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：琼高兴地说:“好的，谢谢!”那个人笑了笑，没有牙齿的说了声“谢谢”。A.disappointment失望；B.curiosity好奇心；C.delight高兴；D.embarrassment尴尬。根据下文“Yes，please！”andthemansmiledatoothless“thankyou”.可知，应该是“高兴地”说。故选C。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感谢他的建议，把琼推回了自己的房间。A.advice建议；B.help帮助；C.plan计划；D.idea想法。根据Yes,please!和pushedJeanbacktoherroom.可知，作者感谢他的“想法”。故选D。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个人孤身一人，当我走近时，我发现他只有一条腿，而他的那条腿是干的，满是疹子。A.higher更高的；B.faster更快的；C.better更好的；D.closer更靠近的。根据语境可知，此处指距离这个人更近的时候。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个人孤身一人，当我走近时，我发现他只有一条腿，而他的那条腿是干的，满是疹子。A.leg腿；B.ear耳朵；C.hand手；D.eye眼。根据第8空后的theonehedidhavewasdryandfullwithrashes可知，作者“靠近”这个人时。故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至在他的另一侧涂了润肤液，那里也有一条腿。A.absorbing吸收；B.burning燃烧；C.painting绘画；D.putting放。根据第9空后的lotiononhisotherside,wheretherehadbeenalegaswell.可知，这个人只有一条“腿”。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一件痛苦的事情。A.painful痛苦的；B.disgusting令人厌恶的；C.natural自然地；D.controversial有争议的。根据第10空后的Hedidn'tspeakEnglishbutspoketomeinhishomelanguage—Vietnamese—andtearsstartedtocomegentlydownhisface.可知，这似乎是“痛苦的”事。故选A。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用纸巾擦他的眼泪，拍拍他的肩膀安慰他。A.wiped擦，消除；B.caught抓住；C.stored储存；D.covered覆盖。根据第11空后的histearswithtissues可知，用纸巾“擦”眼泪。故选A。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用纸巾擦他的眼泪，拍拍他的肩膀安慰他。A.amuse娱乐，消遣；B.comfort安慰；C.change改变；D.ignore忽视。根据第12空前的pattedhimonhisshoulder可知，作者“安慰”他。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不认识对方，也没有血缘关系，然而，在那一刻，我们分享了一种超越血与心的联系。A.admire钦佩；B.know知道；C.hate厌恶；D.judge判断。根据第13空前后的Wedidn't和eachotherandweren'tblood-relatedandyet可知，彼此不“认识”对方。故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不认识对方，也没有血缘关系，然而，在那一刻，我们分享了一种超越血与心的联系。A.hobby业余爱好；B.language语言；C.connection连接；D.lifestyle生活方式。根据第14空前后的内容weshareda和thatwentbeyondblood-hearttoheart.可知，在那时我们心心“想通”。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，每一次我的心都在扩展。A.shrinking缩水；B.suffering受苦；C.fading使衰落；D.expanding扩大。根据空前的everytimemyheartextends可知，每次我的心在“扩展”。故选D。第三部分阅读理解（共15小题，每小题分，满分分）A篇AJapanesestart-upcalledAshiraseissteppingintotheglobalmarketwithanewnavigation(导航)assistanceproductintendedtohelppeoplewithlowvision.Itsnewproductwillfeatureflexiblevibrating(震动)basesaroundeachfootandareputintoeachshoe,andasmallpackthatcanberemovedforcharging(充电).Oncefitted,thevibratingpartsaresetalongthesensitivenervesonthefootandcansendcodedwalkinginstructionstotheuser.Itspresentformnavigatesaroutethatcomesfromasmartphoneapp.Itcanhelpclearupdistractionsbyfreeinguptheattentionthatisnormallyneededtoeitherlistentovoicedirectionsorcheckthephone.Visual-damageduserscanusetheirhearingtolistentotrafficsoundsandsignals,likewarningbeepsatcrossingsorsidewalks,andusetheirhandstocarrywalkingsticksorotherbelongings.ThedeviceispairedwithanappthroughaBluetoothconnection.TheappusesinformationfromGoogleMapsorsimilarvendorstodrawupawalkingroutetothedestination.Basedonthedestinationandhowtheuseriswalking,itwillsendsignalstothedevicethatwillcauseavibrationonthefoot.Thedevicewillvibrateataregularfrequencyatthefrontofthefoottolettheusersknowthey’reontherighttrackandshouldkeepgoingstraight.Itwillspeedupthevibrationsoncetheuserisapproachingaturnandneedstostop,anditwillvibrateineithertheleftorrightshoetosignalthedirectiontheuserneedstoturn.Ashirase’snewtechiswaterproofandwashable.Itcanbechargedattheendoftheweektopowerthroughsevendaysofwalking,accountingforthreeactivehourseachday.Anditcanbefittedintwotypesofshoes:sneakersandleatherlace-upshoes.51.Whocanbenefitmostfromthisdevice?A.Deafpeople. B.Blindpeople. C.Normalpeople. D.Poorpeople.52Whatismostlikelytobeneededtomakethedevicework?A.Acomputer. B.Nothingelse. C.Amobilephone. D.BothAandC.53.Howcantheuserknowthatheorsheisontherightway?A.Byhowoftenthedevicevibrates. B.Bythesoundsentbythedevice.C.Bythesignalsfromtheirmobilephones. D.Byhowlongthedevicevibrates.54.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thedevicecanbeusedfor21hoursaweek.B.Thedevicecan’tbewashedorcharged.C.Thedevicecanonlybefittedintosneakers.D.Peoplewearingthedevicecan’theartrafficwarnings.【答案】51.B52.C53.A54.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本一家公司推出了一款新的导航辅助产品，以帮助视觉受损的用户。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AJapanesestart-upcalledAshiraseissteppingintotheglobalmarketwithanewnavigation(导航)assistanceproductintendedtohelppeoplewithlowvision.(日本一家名为Ashirase的创业公司正在进军全球市场，推出了一款新的导航辅助产品，旨在帮助低视力者。)”可知，盲人能从这个装置中获益最多。故选B。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Itspresentformnavigatesaroutethatcomesfromasmartphoneapp.(它现在的导航方式来自智能手机应用程序。)”和第四段第一句“ThedeviceispairedwithanappthroughaBluetoothconnection.(该设备通过蓝牙连接与一个应用程序配对。)”可知，使用本款产品需要下载配套手机app。故选C。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thedevicewillvibrateataregularfrequencyatthefrontofthefoottolettheusersknowthey’reontherighttrackandshouldkeepgoingstraight.Itwillspeedupthevibrationsoncetheuserisapproachingaturnandneedstostop,anditwillvibrateineithertheleftorrightshoetosignalthedirectiontheuserneedstoturn.(该设备将在脚部前部以有规律的频率振动，让用户知道他们在正确的轨道上，应该继续保持直线。当用户接近转弯并需要停止时，它会加速振动，它会在左鞋或右鞋中振动，以指示用户需要转弯的方向。)”可推断，使用者可以通过震动频率了解自己到什么位置。故选A。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itcanbechargedattheendoftheweektopowerthroughsevendaysofwalking,accountingforthreeactivehourseachday.(它可以在周末充电，可以支撑七天的行走，占每天活动时间的三小时。)”可推断，这种鞋垫可以连续用一个星期，每天用3个小时，所以一次充电可以使用21小时。故选A。B篇Whilemanypeopleprefertobuyanewdogfromabreeder,anotheroptionistoadoptarescuedog.AstheSvilicicsalreadyhadahealthydaughterCharlotte,theyfeltfortunateenoughtosaveanotherlife.Thus,CatherineadoptedadogandnameditKhan.Catherinewashopefulthiswouldprovidevaluablelessonsforherbaby,suchassharing,learningtoloveandresponsibilitytocareforanimals.TheytrainedKhanduringthefirstfewdaysandeverythingbegansmoothly.Charlotteandthenewdogmadeahabitofplayingoutinthebackyard.However,thingsweredifferentthisday.Theybeganrunningthroughthebackyardgrasstogether.ThatwasuntilKhan’stemperamentseemedtochangedramatically.Khanbeganactingwildlyaggressively(富于攻击性的),grabbingthebaby.Thiswasnotthenormalplaybetweenthetwo.Mouthopen,Catherinewatchedincompleteanduttershock.ShewatchedasKhantossed(抛)Charlotteacrosstheirlawn.WhathappenednextalarmedCatherineandeveryonepresent.Hetightlyclenchedhisjawsintoherdiapertotossherbackandforth.Therefore,withurgency,sherantoCharlotteandcarriedhertosafety.Miraculously,herchildwasunharmed.WhileCatherinebroughtherbabytoshelter,Khanbarkedmadlyandthencollapsed.Thedogbegancrying.Nooneunderstoodwhatwasgoingon!Khanwasobviouslynotdoingwell.Thedogcontinuedcryingandthenfelllifeless.Catherinefocusedonthedog,watchinghisdyingeyesandrealizedhehadbeenprotectingherchild.ItturnedoutthatKhanwasprotectingCharlottefromapoisonous,dangeroussnake.Sheusedallherstrengthtobringthedogtohercarandspedforthevet,hearinghisbreathslow.Whenthevettookover,Catherinecriedandfelttotallyhelpless,sosheprayedforhisrecovery.Thevethadtoremoveallthesnakepoisonfromthebody.Quiteafewdayslater,Khanwasslowlygettingstrongerthroughthevet’seffort.Eventually,hemadeprogressandthesnake’svenomwasremoved.Actually,Khanimpressedeventhevetwithhisrapidrecoveryandprogress.Thewholefamilycouldbereunitedonceagainwiththisamazingandheroicanimal.Catherinewasdeterminedtoprotectthisamazinganimalasifitwereherownchild.55.WhatcausedCatherinetocarryherchildawayfromKhan?A.ThatKhantossedherchildbackandforth.B.ThatKhangrabbedherchildaggressively.CThatKhantossedherchildacrosstheirlawn.D.ThatherchildplayedwithKhanforsuchalongtime.56.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.CatherineadoptedKhantoprotectherchild.B.Khan’ssicknesswastooserioustobecured.C.Thechildwashurtbecauseshewastreatedbadly.D.Khanwasattackedbyasnakeinordertoprotectthechild.57.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeCatherine?A.Outgoing. B.Caring. C.Faithful. D.Honest.【答案】55.A56.D57.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了凯瑟琳一家收养的名为Khan的神奇狗狗，为了保护小主人，被毒蛇咬伤的感人故事。在得到治疗之后，Khan成为凯瑟琳一家不可或缺的一员。【55题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“WhathappenednextalarmedCatherineandeveryonepresent.Hetightlyclenchedhisjawsintoherdiapertotossherbackandforth.(接下来发生的一幕让凯瑟琳吓出一声冷汗：她看到Khan死死咬住夏洛特的尿布，来回拖拽这个孩子)”可知，凯瑟琳不明白Khan的行为动机，立刻将孩子抱到安全的地方。故选A项。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Catherinefocusedonthedog,watchinghisdyingeyesandrealizedhehadbeenprotectingherchild.ItturnedoutthatKhanwasprotectingCharlottefromapoisonous,dangeroussnake.(凯瑟琳看到Khan迷离的眼神，终于意识到它刚才一直在保护夏洛特免受毒蛇的侵害)”和第五段段首句“Thevethadtoremoveallthesnakepoisonfromthebody.(兽医必须将Khan体内的所有蛇毒全部清除)”可知，Khan为了保护夏洛特，被毒蛇咬伤。故选D项。【57题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thus,CatherineadoptedadogandnameditKhan.(凯瑟琳收养了一条名叫Khan的狗)”和最后一段“Catherinewasdeterminedtoprotectthisamazinganimalasifitwereherownchild.(凯瑟琳决心会像保护自己孩子那样保护好这只神奇的狗狗)”可知，凯瑟琳是一位非常有爱心，热爱动物的人。故选B项。C篇Intimesofstress,particularlywhenthewatergetstoowarm,thecoral(珊瑚)eruptsthealgae(海藻),andthecoralturnswhite,causingastatecalledcoralbleaching(漂白).Justafewdegreesofheatcanleadtocoralbleaching,puttingthecoralonapathtostarvationanddeath.Drivenbyclimatechange,marineheatwavesarebecomingoneofthegreatestthreatstotheexistenceofcoral,whichisimportanttotheoceanecology.Butinsomeraregoodnewsresearchershavediscoveredcoralcanrecoverfrombleachingevenbeforeaheatwaveends,suggestingithasthepotentialtosurvivelongheatwaves.Coralwasthoughttosurviveonlyifaheatwavelastedjustafewweeks.Butnoonehadstudiedthisprocessduringalongerheatwave.Thenin2015,JuliaBaum,amarineecologistattheUniversityofVictoria,beganasurveyoftwocommonspecies:brainandstarcoralaroundKiritimatiinthecentralPacificOcean.Theycheckedtheconditionofthecoralastheheatwavestruckanddisappeared.StartinginMay2015,thetemperatureroseabout1℃within2months.Asexpected,coralthathousedheat-sensitivealgaebleachedsoonerthanthosehousingtheheat-tolerantkindofalgae.Asthewatercontinuedtowarm,evenheat-tolerantalgaeerupted.ManybrainandstarcoralonKiritimatirecoveredfrombleachingwhilethewaterwasstillunusuallywarm.Baumsaid,"Theunexpectedrecoveryprovidesnewhope,becauseitmeansthatevenunderlastingheatwaves,there'sapathforwardforsomeofthem."Anunusualfeatureoftherecoveryisthatbraincoralthatstartedoutwithheat-sensitivealgaehadahighersurvivalrate(82%)thancoralthatbeganwithheat-tolerantalgae(25%)."Thatfindingissurprising,"saidBaum,expectingthatheat-tolerantalgaewouldbebettersuitedforhelpingcoralsurviveaheatwave.Butduringalongerheatwave,itmightbemoreadvantageoustostartwithaheat-sensitivealgae.58.Whatresultsincoralbleaching?A.Thewhitealgae. B.Thecoral'sdeath.C.Anattackofwaves. D.Ariseinoceantemperature.59.WhydidBaumbeginthesurvey?A.Toprovethatcoralcanstopclimatechange.B.Tostudyhowcoralbleachingcomesabout.C.TofigureoutwhethercoralsurviveslongheatwavesD.Toexplainwhycoralbleachingisabigthreattocoral60.HowdidBaumfeelaboutthefinding?A.Ashamed. B.ConfusedC.Worried. D.Ast