Unit5+语法现在分词的用法课件-【高效备课精研+知识精讲提升】 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Grammarandusage--------ParticiplesOthertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.2.Whenpeoplethinkoffactories,theythinkofcloudsofdirtysmokeorofpipespouringchemicalwasteintorivers.3.Theythinkofgreedybusinessmenhidingfromtheirresponsibilitiesandonlyworryingaboutmoney.4.WhatIamheretosayisthathavingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.5.Askingaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayalittlehigherpriceforthingsthatarefriendlytotheenvironment.分词：Participles一分词的概述1.分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式，它有两种形式：现在分词（PresentParticiple）和过去分词（PastParticiple）。

2.现在分词：doing

过去分词：规则动词V+ed

不规则动词3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。PresentParticiple二、现在分词1.语态上：现在分词表主动DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?2.时态上：现在分词表进行Don’twakeupthesleepingboy.PresentParticiple3.现在分词的形式一般式完成式主动语态被动语态doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonePresentParticiple4.现在分词的功能

现在分词具有形容词和副词的特征，可充当表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。PresentParticiple

现在分词作表语

现在分词作表语，起形容词作用，说明主语的特征及主语所具备的动作功能，回答how的问题，可以用very，quite，rather，greatly等副词修饰。以下动词的现在分词已经形容词化。disappoint,move,surprise,inspire,excite,interest,amaze，frighten，encourage,fascinate等。PresentParticiple1.Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisveryinspiring．3.Thenewswasdisappointing．2.Whathesaidwasveryencouraging．4.Thestoryisthemostfascinating．inspiringencouragingdisappointingfascinatingPresentParticiple现在分词与动名词作表语时的比较1、动名词作表语说明主语的内容，回答what的问题。Whatpleaseshimmostisbathinginthesea.2、动名词作表语，表语和主语几乎处于同等地位，可以互换位置，其句意不变；现在分词作表语，表语和主语则不能互换位置。

Ourworkisservingthepeople.Whathesaidisveryinteresting.3、作表语用的现在分词除了和be连用以外，还可以和其它的系动词连用；而作表语的动名词则通常只能和be连用。

Hisspeechseemsverymoving.Hisinterestinwritingforthenewspapers.PresentParticiple现在分词作定语

现在分词作定语时，和它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，常可以扩展成一个定语从句。它从以下两个方面来说明中心词。A.表示名词正在进行的动作。1.Don’twakeupthesleepingboy.=Don’twakeuptheboy_________________.whoissleeping2.Therearemanyfactoriesandindustrieswhichcontroltheamountofpollutiontheyproduce.=therearemanyfactoriesandindustries_________________________________________controllingtheamountofpollutiontheyproducePresentParticipleB.表状态，它一般置于所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。Whensheappeared,John,wearingadirtyovercoat,rantoherwithjoy.=Whensheappeared,John,whowaswearingadirtyovercoat,rantoherwithjoy.PresentParticiple现在分词与动名词作定语时的比较1、动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系；aswimminggirl＝agirlwhoisswimmingawalkingstick＝astickthatisusedforwalking

2、现在分词作定语有时可以后置，而动名词则通常只能放在它所修饰的名词之前。

①.Thegirlwearingglassesisoneofhisstudents．

戴眼镜的那个女孩是他的一个学生。

②.Iboughtsomereadingmaterials．我买了一些阅读材料。

PresentParticiple现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的执行者。A.作感官动词的宾语补足语listentohearseelookatwatchnoticefeelObserve++sb+doing表示动作正在进行PresentParticipleAcookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound___inthekitching.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2.Themissingboywaslastseen_______nearthebankofthelake.A.playB.playedC.toplayD.playingPresentParticipleB.作使役动词(have,get,keep,send,leave,catch…)等的宾语补足语，表示“使…进行/处于(某种状态)”强调动作或状态的持续性。Canyoukeeptheclockinggoing?Theyoftenhavethetractorsworkinginthefieldsduringthebusytime.3.Whattheteachersaidsentusthinking.4.Hecaughtthegirlcheatingintheexam.5.Leavehimstandingoutside.PresentParticiple现在分词作状语

现在分词作状语，表示主动和进行。可在句中作时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、伴随或方式等状语。A.作时间状语，可以表示三个时间概念PresentParticipleHearingthebadnews,

theycouldn’thelpcrying.Assoonastheyheardthebadnews（1）动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于

assoonasPresentParticiple(2)谓语动词的动作发生在分词动作的过程中，表示在“做某事期间”相当于when/whileWalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.WhenIwalkedinthestreetPresentParticiple(3)分词动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，分词要用完成形式。Havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironment…...AfterIhaveworkedPresentParticipleB.作原因状语，相当于because/as引导的原因状语从句。(1)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(2)Notknowingwhattodonext,hewenttohisteacherforadvice.(3)Havingseenthefilmmanytimes,hedidn’tgotoseeitlastnight.BecausehewasillAshedidn’tknowBecausehehadseenPresentParticipleC.作条件状语，相当于if引导的条件状语从句。Usingyourhead,you’llfindaway.D.作让步状语，相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。Althoughgettingupearly,hewaslateforschool.E.作伴随（方式）状语，表示和谓语的动作同时发生，相当于并列连词连接的两个并列的动作。Theysatthereonthestone,talkingwitheachother.PresentParticipleF.作结果状语，表示自然的结果。Othertypesofwasteflowintoourwater,killingriverandsealife.Themotherdied,leavingfivechildrenbehind.不定式作状语，表示意外或事与愿违的结果。Hehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthetrainhadjustleft.PresentParticipleG.独立主格结构（现在分词有自己的逻辑主语）Weatherpermitting,we’llgopicnicing.Motherbeingill,hestayedathometolookafterher.Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.Thedaybeingfine,wedecidedtogoswimming.主句和从句的主语不相同。状语从句。从句省略了连接此状语从句的连词。主语+vingIfweatherpermits,BecausehismotherwasillPresentParticiple1.Doyouwakeupeverymorning_________energeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt2.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,__________itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade3.______aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.TobegatheringPresentParticiple4.Recentlyasurvey_____pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens. A.comparedB.comparingC.compares D.beingcompared5.Thenextthinghesawwassmoke______frombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risenAtlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand_____downtoeatourpicniclunch.A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.satDPricesofdailygoods_____onlinecanbelowerthanthatinarealstore.A.arebought B.bought C.havebeenboughtD.buyingB谓语动词形式非谓语动词形式dodoingdiddoingdoesdonetodo非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√(a.)√√√不定式主语Tohaveagoodcommandofaforeignlanguageinvovlesagreatdealofpractice.宾语Idecidedtoworkhardforthecomingtest.表语Myjobistohelpyoutopasstheexam.定语Hiseffortstocarryouttheplanisrewarding.状语Tolearnaforeignlanguage,youhavetomakeconstantefforts.补语YourmumpersuadedmetochoosethemojorofEnglishLiterature.分词表语Thestoryisinteresting.Everyoneisexcitedatthenews.定语Allthosefallentreeswerecarrieddownthehill.Finallywefoundthepathleadingtothechurch.状语Notknowingwhattodonext,theydecidedtoturnedtotheadvisor.Muchdiscouraged，shemovedontoLondon.

补语Ifoundsomeonestandinginmyroomatmidnight.Ifoundmywalletstolenintherailwaystation.分词作定语apathleading(lead)tothegraveyardthechildrenplayingonthegroundthewindowsbrokenbythekidsthehousesdestroyedbythefloodsthesleepingboythebrokenwindowsthedelayedshipmentthenewlydesignedproductionlineSeen（see）fromthetopofthehill,thelakelookslikeahugemirror.Seeing（see）fromthetopofthehill,you’llfindthelakeissurroundedbythickwoods.Given（give）more

time,wewilldothejobmuchbetter.Allnightlonghelayawake,

thinking（think）oftheproblem.分词作状语过去分词作后置定语的几种情况完成式done进行式beingdone经来式tobedone完成式doneThequestiondiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofquiteimportance.进行式beingdoneThequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingnowisofquiteimportance.将来式tobedoneThequestiontobediscussed(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisofquiteimportance.非谓语动词主动形式被动形式一般式完成式一般式完成式不定式todotohavedonetobedonetohavebeendone现在分词doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone过去分词表示被动关系或动作已完成动名词主语Climbingmountainsisreallytiring.宾语Hedenieddoinganythingwrong.表语Seeingisbelieving.定语Iboughtanewsleepingbag.asleepingboy=aboywhoissleepingasleepingbag=abagforsleepingarunningdog=adogwhichisrunningrunningwater=waterthatisrunningawalkingstick=astickforwalkingdevelopingcountries=countriesthatare~ingafishingnet=anetforfishing动名词作定语，分词作定语的区别flyingfish

afallingtide

acryingboy

aswimmingpoolawaitingroomafishingpoleareadingroom动名词作定语，分词作定语的区别有些动词后只能加动词不定式manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,intend,expect,dare,choose,fail,refuse,decide,afford,attempt…有些动词后只能加动名词practise,appreciate,dislike,mind,enjoy,keep,resist,risk,suggest,finish,forbid,permit,admit,deny,permit,delay,quit,consider...有些动词后既可加动词不定式也可加动名词，但意义不同goon/continue,stop,remember,regret,try,forgetIcan’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostopHegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglostCBbeusedtoIamusedtodrinkingaglassofwaterbeforegoingtobed.Themachineisusedtoproducecellphonedisplay.getusedtoIusedtodrink…need,want,requireThecarneedstoberepaired.Thecarneedsrepairing.

CMyadvisorencouraged_____asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotakeChildrenshouldbeallowed___theirowndecisions.A.makingB.tomakeC.makeD.havingmade

D①Iheardher______(sing)anEnglishsongformanytimes.②Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.③IheardtheEnglishsong______(sing)manytimes.(4)IheardtheEnglishsong____________(sing)whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.singsingingsungbeingsungPractise1).When_______(heat),waterwillbechangedintovapour.While_______(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)______(see)fromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)Generallyspeaking,when________(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.If________(take)thedrugaccordingtothedirections,youwillbebettersoon.

heatedheatingSeenSeeingtakentaking1)Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling2)________madehermotherveryangry.A.MarymarryingJimB.Mary’smarriedJimC.Mary’smarryingJimD.Mary’sbeingmarriedJimCC3).Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught4).Thenoiseof____couldbeheardoutinthestreet.A.desksopeningandclosingB.desksopenedandclosedC.desksbeingopenedandclosedD.desks’beingopenedandclosedCC—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_____hisadvice!

totake B.taking C.nottotake D.nottakingThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_______.tobeheard B.tohaveheard C.hearing D.beingheard______byagreaterdemandforvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.

Driven B.Beingdriven C.Todrive D.HavingdrivenAsthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not______,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.moved

B.moving C.tomove D.beingmoved“Things______nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.lost B.losing C.tolose D.havelostPleaseremain________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.toseat B.tobeseatedC.seating D.seatedAtthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.

A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosed

C.beingopenedandclosed D.toopenandclosePeterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A.said B.saysC.saying D.tosayAllflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.A.werecanceledB.hadbeencanceledC.havingcanceledD.havingbeencanceled_____foralongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.A.BeingnorainB.TherewasnorainC.TobenorainD.Therebeingnorain—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork_____mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.filled B.filling C.tofill D.beingfilledJohnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______hegladlyacceptedit.finished B.finishing C.havingfinished D.wasfinished11.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,_____foradegreeincomputerscience.studied B.studying C.tohavestudied D.tobestudying12.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_______fortheday.finishing B.finished C.hadfinished D.werefinished13.Ismellsomething_______inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?burning B.burntC.beingburnt D.tobeburnt14.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere_______foraspaceflight.training B.beingtrained C.tohavetrained D.tobetrained15.—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow________here.

A.peoplesmoking B.peoplesmoke C.tosmoke D.smoking16.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_______inhislectures.

A.interested

B.interesting C.interest D.tointerest17.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_______.

A.needrepairing B.needstorepair C.needsrepairing D.needtorepair18.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.

A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompleted C.completed

D.beingcompleted19.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,______inthenaturallightduringtheday.

A.tolet B.

letting C.let D.havinglet20.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice_______him.

A.calling

B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall1Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____. A.tobebreathed B.tobreathe C.breathing D.beingbreathed2Thedirectorhadherassistant___somehotdogsforthemeeting. A.pickedup B.picksup C.pickup D.pickingup3______thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.Seeing B.Tosee C.See D.Seen4Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?–Yes.But__it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook. A.tofind B.find C.tofinding D.finding5Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety. A.towelcome B.welcoming C.tobewelcomed D.welcomed6Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,and___betteronesofyourown. A.introduces B.tointroduce C.introducing D.introduced7Asanewdriver,Ihavetopractise_________thecarinmysmallgarageagainandagain A.parking B.topark C.parked D.park8Duetotheheavyrainandflooding,tenmillionpeoplehavebeenforced_____theirhomes A.leaving B.toleave C.tobeleft D.beingleft9Throughouthistory,thelanguage_____byapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization A.speaking B.spoken C.tospeak D.tobespoken10Ifwehaveillegalimmigrants________in,manylocalworkerswilllosetheirjobs A.came B.coming C.tocome D.havingcome11Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle____tobalanceit. A.havingtried B.trying C.totry D.tried12Ifthere’salotofwork______,Iamhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished. A.todo B.tobedoing C.done D.doing13Somethingassimpleas______somecoldwatermayclearyourmindorrelievepressure. A.todrink B.drinking C.tobedrinking D.drunk14Ideally_____forBroadwaytheatresandFifthAvenue,theNewYorkParkisafavouritewithmanyguests. A.locating B.beinglocated C.havingbeenlocatedD.located15_____theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory. A.Tothrow B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Beingthrown16toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinsteadA.Fail B.Failed C.Tofail D.Havingfailed17Hewasbusywritingastory,only______onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette. A.tostop B.stopping C.tohavestopped D.havingstopped18Pleaseremain______;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon. A.seating B.seated C.toseat D.tobeseated19Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade______intherestaurant. A.working B.work C.towork D.worked20—Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?—Yes.Theyareaccustomed______atmeals. A.totalk B.tonottalk C.totalking D.tonottalking21TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan. A.speak. B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak22Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone. A.topromote B.havingbeenpromoted C.havingpromoted D.tobepromoted23Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____. A.allowing B.toallow C.allowed D.allows24____inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk. B.Wal