2022年贵州职称英语考试真题卷

2022年贵州职称英语考试真题卷

（本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。）

单位：姓名：考号：

题号单选题多项选择判断题综合题总分

分值

得分

一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意）

1.

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个

最佳选项。

{但}}第一篇{{间}

{{B}}IstheTieaNecessity{{/B}}

Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymboIofpolitenessandeIegancein

Britainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhas

problemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystop

wearingties.So,arethefamousIyformaIBritishreaIIygoingtoabandon

theneckties

Maybe.Lastweek,theUK'sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbulIopenIy

weIcornedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbefree

ofthecostIiest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirIives.

Infact,Blairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststo

acocktaiIparty.ManyofthemwereceIebrities（知名人士）withoutties,

whichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast.

ForsomemoreconservativeBritish,thetieisamustforproper

appearance.EarIier,LaborleaderJimCaIIaghansaidhewouldhavedied

ratherthanhavehischiIdrenseeninpubIicwithoutatie.ForpeopIe

IikeCallaghan,thetiewasasignofbeingcomplete,ofshowingrespect.

Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurch,toworkintheoffice,

toaparty-aImosteverysociaIoccasion.

Buttoday,peopIehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaI

occasions.

Theoriginofthetieistricky.11startedassomethingcaIIedsimpIy

a"band".Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman'sneck.Itappeared

infinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticular

fashionstatement.Theirneckwear（颈饰）impressedCharles11rtheking

ofEnglandwhowasexiled（流放）toFranceatthattime.Whenhereturned

toEnglandin1660rhebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim.

Itwasn5t,however,untiIthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmen

introducedamorecoIorfuI,fIowingpieceofcIoththateventuaIIybecame

knownasthetie.Then,clubs,miIitaryinstitutionsandschooIsbegan

tousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer'smembership

inthelate19thcentury.Afterthat,thetiebecameanecessaryitem

ofcIothingforBritishgentlemen.

Butnow,evengentIemenaregettingtiredofties.Anyway,theday

feelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtie

suitsyouandyourmood.

WhydoesBlairsometimesshowupinaformaleventwithoutatie

A.Becausehewantstomakeashow.

B.Becausehewantstoattractattention,

C.Becausetiesarecostly,

D.Becausehewantstoliveinacasualw&y.

2.响｝第三篇（｛砌

{{B}}SmartExercise{{/B}}

Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggests

aconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,a

scientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity,studiesbrain

development.Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmake

bloodvessels,includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefully

developed.Dr.CameronclaimsthisaIIowspeopIewhoexerciseto

concentratebetter.Asshesays:"WhiIewealreadyknowthatexercise

isgoodfortheheart,exercisecanIiteraIlycausephysicalchangesin

thebrain.11

Theeffectsof-exerciseonbraindeveIopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.

Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysical

activityshowgreaterbraindeveIopmentthanbabieswhoareless

physicallyactive.Withbabies,evenalittlemovementcanshowbig

results.MargaretBarnes,apediatricianUL科医!fip),beIievesinthe

importanceofexercise.ShethinksthatmanylearningdisabiIitiesthat

chiIdrenhaveinelementaryschooIorhighschooIcanbetracedbackto

aIackofmovementasbabies."BabiesneedmovementthatstimuIatestheir

fivesenses.TheyneedtoestabIishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.

Inthisway,astheygetolder,chiIdrenwiIIbegintoassociatephysical

activitywithhigherlearning,nsaysMargaret.

OlderpeopIecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornelIUniversity

studiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.

Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafter

exercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobevery

difficult,butitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Also,justIike

themotionforinfants,exerciseforolderpeopIeshouldinvolvesome

compIexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemory

pathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime.

FormostpeopIe,anytypeofphysicaIactivitythatincreasestheheart

rateisheIpfuI.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain,sfIowofbIood.

AndyourbraincanbenefitfromasIittIeastwotothreehoursofexercise

aweek.

Theexpression"beefup'1inparagraph3means

A.”control”.

B."strengthen”.

C."operate”.

D.Mencourage

3.HB}}第二篇H/B}）

{{B}}Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGiving

Birth{{/B}}

Abrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecould

deliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromIifesupporton

Wednesdayanddied,adayaftergivingbirth.

"Thisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamily,“JustinTorres,

thewoman1sbrother-in-law,saidinastatement.

SusanTorres,acancer-stricken,26-year-oldresearcheratthe

NationaIInstitutesofHeaIth,sufferedastrokeinMayafterthemeIanoma

（黑瘤）spreadtoherbrain.

HerfamiIydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus（胎儿）achance.

Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus'deveIopmentandthecancerthat

wasdestroyingthewomanJsbody.

DoctorssaidthatTorres1healthwasgettingworseandthattherisk

ofharmtothefoetusfinalIyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthe

pregnancy.

TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection（剖腹产手术）on

TuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthspremature

andweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit.

DrDonnaTiIden-Archer,thehospital9sdirectorofneonatoIogy（新

生儿学），describedthechildas“veryvigorous.nShesaidthebabyhad

respondedwhenshereceivedstimulation,indicatingshewashealthy,

DoctorsremovedTorresfromIifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththe

consentofherhusband,JasonTorres,aftershereceivedthefinal

sacrament（圣礼）oftheRomanCathoIicChurch.

“WethankalIofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusan,the

babyandourfamily,”JasonTorressaidinastatement."Weespecially

thankGodforgivinguslittleSusan.Mywife5scouragewiIIneverbe

forgotten.n

EngIish-IanguagemedicaIIiteraturecontainsatleast11casessince

1979ofirreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseIiveswereprolongedfor

thebenefitofthedevelopingfoetus,accordingtotheUniversityof

ConnecticutHealthCenter.

DrChristopherMcManus,whocoordinatedcareforSusanTorres,put

theinfant,schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.He

said19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmeIanomaasTorres

havegivenbirth,andfiveoftheirbabiesbecameiiiwiththedisease.

Thepregnancywasstoppedbecause

A.thefoetuswasfoundseriouslyiii.

B.therisksoutweighedthebenefits.

C.therewasnohopetorescuethefoetus.

D.theTorresfamilycouldn'taffordtheexpensesanymore.

4.

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

{{B}}StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowel（结

肠）Cancer{{/B}}

PeopIewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare

35percentmorelikelytodeveIopbowelcancerthanthosewhoeat

less(51)20gramsaday,accordingtooneofthebiggestnutrition

investigationsevercarriedout.

TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutrition

followed478,040menandwomen(52)35to70from10European

countries.

AlIsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrolImentbetween1992and1998,

but(53)anaveragefollow-upofaImost5years1,329bowelcancers

hadbeenreported.

Thesubsequentanalysis,pubIishedintheJournaloftheNationaI

CancerInstitute,confirmstheIong-heIdsuspicion(54)high

intakes(纳入量)ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel(55)

risk.

AftertakingintoconsiderationfactorsIikeage,sexyheight,weight,

energyintake,physicalactivity,smoking,andaIcohoIconsumption,the

investigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas(56)withintakeofred

andprocessedmeatbutnotchicken.

Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eating

morethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated(57)a31percent

reductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa(58).

Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percent

higherriskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatand

highfish(59).Inaddition,theriskofdevelopingthediseasewas

increasedfor(60)peopIewhoatealowfibrediet.

SheilaBingham,studyinvestigatorattheUK'sMedicaIResearch

CounciInutritionunit,said:"Peoplehavesuspectedforsometimethat

highIeveIsofredandprocessedmeat(61)riskofbowelcancer,

butthisisoneoftheIargeststudiesworIdwideandthefirstfromEurope

ofthistypetoshowa(62)relationship.”

Sheaddedinastatement:"TheoveralIpictureisveryconsistentfor

redandprocessedmeatandfibreacrossalIthe(63)populations

studied.M

Studycoordinator,ElioRiboIifoftheWorldHealthOrganisation

InternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancer,said:"Otherriskfactors

for(64)cancerincludeobesity(月巴胖)andlackofphysicalactivity.

SmokingandexcessaIcohoImayaIsopIaya(65).Thesefactorswere

alItakenintoaccountintheanalysis.”

A.before

B.after

C.since

D.when

5.

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如

果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；

如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

{{B}}TheDoctorinAmerica{{/B}}

SeIf-empIoyedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatient

visithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicaIpractice.Mostphysicians

haveacontractreIationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.

Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospital,whichusuaIIycharges

accordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefaciIities-X-rays,

operatingrooms,tests-heorsheuses.

SomemedicaIdoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkas

hospitalstaffmembers,orresidents,whoareoftenstillintraining.

TheymayteachinmedicaIschools,behiredbycorporationstocarefor

theirworkersorworkforthefederaIgovernment'sPubIicHeaIthService.

Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionaIsintheUnitedStates.

Inthe1980s,itwasnotuncommonformedicaIdoctorstoearnincomes

ofmorethan$100,000ayear.Specialistsfparticularlysurgeons,might

earnseveraltimesthatamount.PhysiciansIistmanyreasonswhythey

deservetobesoweIIrewardedfortheirwork.Onereasonisthelong

andexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnited

States.MostwouId-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryears,

whichcancostnearly$20,000ayearatoneofthebestprivate

institutions.ProspectivephysiciansthenattendmedicaIschooIforfour

years.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10,000ayear.Bythetimetheyhave

obtainedtheirmedicaIdegrees,manyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.

Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency（住院医生实习期）ina

hospitaltthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelong

andthepayisrelativelylow.

SettingupamedicaIpracticeisexpensive,too.Sometimesseveral

physicianswiIIdecidetoestabIishagrouppractice,sotheycanshare

theexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.These

physiciansalsotakecareofeachother5spatientsinemergencies.

Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealof

responsibiIity.ManymedicaIprocedures,evenquiteroutineones,

involverisk.ItisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobeweII

rewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenIife

anddeath.

OfalIempIoyedphysicians,thosehiredbycorporationsarebestpaid.

A.A.Right

B.B.Wrong

C.C.Notmentioned

6.

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个

最佳选项。

电}［第一篇{{组}

{{B}}IstheTieaNecessity{{/B}}

Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymboIofpolitenessandeIegancein

Britainforcenturies.ButthecasuaIPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhas

problemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystop

wearingties.So,arethefamousIyformaIBritishreaIIygoingtoabandon

theneckties

Maybe.Lastweek,theUK'sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbulIopenIy

weIcornedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbefree

ofthecostIiest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirIives.

Infact,Blairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststo

acocktaiIparty.ManyofthemwereceIebrities（知名人士）withoutties,

whichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast.

ForsomemoreconservativeBritish,thetieisamustforproper

appearance.EarIier,LaborleaderJimCaIIaghansaidhewouldhavedied

ratherthanhavehischiIdrenseeninpubIicwithoutatie.ForpeopIe

IikeCallaghan,thetiewasasignofbeingcomplete,ofshowingrespect.

Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurch,toworkintheoffice,

toaparty-aImosteverysociaIoccasion.

Buttoday,peopIehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaI

occasions.

Theoriginofthetieistricky.11startedassomethingcaIIedsimpIy

a"band'1.Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman1sneck.Itappeared

infinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticular

fashionstatement.Theirneckwear（颈饰）impressedCharlesIlttheking

ofEnglandwhowasexiled（流放）toFranceatthattime.Whenhereturned

toEnglandin1660,hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim.

Itwasn't,however,untiIthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmen

introducedamorecoIorfuI,flowingpieceofcIoththateventuaIIybecame

knownasthetie.Then,clubs,miIitaryinstitutionsandschooIsbegan

tousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer1smembership

inthelate19thcentury.Afterthat,thetiebecameanecessaryitem

ofcIothingforBritishgentlemen.

Butnow,evengentIemenaregettingtiredofties.Anyway,theday

feelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtie

suitsyouandyourmood.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTasociaIoccasion

A.Goingtochurch.

B.Goingtoworkintheoffice,

C.Stayingathome.

D.Goingtoaparty,

7.{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}

{{B}}SmartExercise!{/B}}

Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggests

aconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,a

scientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity,studiesbrain

development.Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmake

bloodvessels,includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefully

developed.Dr.CameronclaimsthisaIIowspeopIewhoexerciseto

concentratebetter.Asshesays:"Whilewealreadyknowthatexercise

isgoodfortheheart,exercisecanIiteraIlycausephysicalchangesin

thebrain."

Theeffectsof-exerciseonbraindeveIopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.

Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysical

activityshowgreaterbraindeveIopmentthanbabieswhoareless

physicallyactive.Withbabies,evenalittlemovementcanshowbig

results.MargaretBarnes,apediatrician（儿科医师），beIievesinthe

importanceofexercise.ShethinksthatmanylearningdisabiIitiesthat

chiIdrenhaveinelementaryschooIorhighschooIcanbetracedbackto

aIackofmovementasbabies."BabiesneedmovementthatstimuIatestheir

fivesenses.TheyneedtoestabIishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.

Inthisway,astheygetolder,chiIdrenwiIIbegintoassociatephysical

activitywithhigherlearning,nsaysMargaret.

OlderpeopIecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornelIUniversity

studiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.

Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafter

exercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobevery

difficult,butitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Also,justIike

themotionforinfants,exerciseforolderpeopIeshouIdinvoIvesome

compIexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemory

pathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime.

FormostpeopIe,anytypeofphysicaIactivitythatincreasestheheart

rateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain5sfIowofblood.

AndyourbraincanbenefitfromasIittIeastwotothreehoursofexercise

aweek.

Tobebeneficial,exerciseforolderpeopIeshouId

A.bedoneinagroup.

B.bedoneonadailybasis.

C.involvegreatdifficulty.

D.increasetheheartrate.

8.

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

{{B}}StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowel（结

肠）Cancer{{/B}}

PeopIewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare

35percentmoreIikeIytodeveIopbowelcancerthanthosewhoeat

less(51)20gramsadayfaccordingtooneofthebiggestnutrition

investigationsevercarriedout.

TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutrition

followed478r040menandwomen(52)35to70from10European

countries.

AlIsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrolImentbetween1992and1998,

but(53)anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1,329bowelcancers

hadbeenreported.

Thesubsequentanalysis,pubIishedintheJournaloftheNationaI

CancerInstitute,confirmsthelong-heldsuspicion(54)high

intakes(纳入量)ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel(55)

risk.

AftertakingintoconsiderationfactorsIikeage,sex,height,weight,

energyintake,physicalactivity,smoking,andalcoholconsumption,the

investigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas(56)withintakeofred

andprocessedmeatbutnotchicken.

Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eating

morethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated(57)a31percent

reductioninriskcomparedwitheatinglessthan10gramsa(58).

Subjectswithhighredmeatandlowfishintakewereat63percent

higherriskofbowelcancercomparedwithsubjectswithlowredmeatand

highfish(59).Inaddition,theriskofdevelopingthediseasewas

increasedfor(60)peopIewhoatealowfibrediet.

SheilaBingham,studyinvestigatorattheUK'sMedicaIResearch

CounciInutritionunit,said:"Peoplehavesuspectedforsometimethat

highIeveIsofredandprocessedmeat(61)riskofbowelcancer,

butthisisoneoftheIargeststudiesworldwideandthefirstfromEurope

ofthistypetoshowa(62)relationship.”

Sheaddedinastatement:"TheoveralIpictureisveryconsistentfor

redandprocessedmeatandfibreacrossaIIthe(63)popuIations

studied.n

Studycoordinator,ElioRiboli,oftheWorldHealthOrganisation

InternationalAgencyforResearchintoCancer,said:"Otherriskfactors

for(64)cancerincludeobesity(肥胖)andlackofphysicalactivity.

SmokingandexcessaIcohoImayaIsopIaya(65).Thesefactorswere

alItakenintoaccountintheanalysis."

A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.why

9.HB}}第二篇H/B})

{{B}}Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGiving

Birth{{/B}}

Abrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecould

deliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromIifesupporton

Wednesdayanddied,adayaftergivingbirth.

"Thisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamily,11JustinTorres,

thewoman1sbrother-in-law,saidinastatement.

SusanTorres,acancer-stricken,26-year-oldresearcheratthe

NationaIInstitutesofHeaIth,sufferedastrokeinMayafterthemeIanoma

(黑瘤)spreadtoherbrain.

Herfamilydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus(胎儿)achance.

Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus1deveIopmentandthecancerthat

wasdestroyingthewoman1sbody.

DoctorssaidthatTorres'healthwasgettingworseandthattherisk

ofharmtothefoetusfinalIyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthe

pregnancy.

TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection（剖腹产手术）on

TuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthspremature

andweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit.

DrDonnaTiIden-Archer,thehospital1sdirectorofneonatoIogy（新

生儿学），describedthechildas"veryvigorous.HShesaidthebabyhad

respondedwhenshereceivedstimulation,indicatingshewashealthy,

DoctorsremovedTorresfromIifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththe

consentofherhusband,JasonTorres,aftershereceivedthefinal

sacrament（圣礼）oftheRomanCatholicChurch.

"WethankaIIofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusan,the

babyandourfamily,nJasonTorressaidinastatement."Weespecially

thankGodforgivingusIittIeSusan.Mywife'scouragewiIIneverbe

forgotten.n

English-1anguagemedicaIIiteraturecontainsatleast11casessince

1979ofirreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseIiveswereprolongedfor

thebenefitofthedevelopingfoetus,accordingtotheUniversityof

ConnecticutHealthCenter.

DrChristopherMcManus,whocoordinatedcareforSusanTorres,put

theinfant1schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.He

said19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmeIanomaasTorres

havegivenbirth,andfiveoftheirbabiesbecameiiiwiththedisease.

WhichisNOTtrueofthebaby

A.Shewasbornofadeadmother.

B.Shewastwomonthspremature.

C.Sheweighedaboutakilogram.

D.Shewashealthy.

10.

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个

最佳选项。

{间}第一篇{{7}）

{{B}}IstheTieaNecessity{{/B}}

Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymboIofpolitenessandeIegancein

Britainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhas

problemswiththem.Reportssuggestthatevent