2018年高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 考前特训 题型组合练（十五）

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精PAGE9学必求其心得，业必贵于专精PAGE题型组合练（十五）Ⅰ。阅读理解A（2017·山东实验中学诊断三)Canyoubelievethatthereusedtobeaconsensusinsocietythatopposedthewritingofnovelsbyauthoresses?Clearlythisrestrictionmusthaveoperatedatatimewhentherewasnoequalityofopportunityforwomen。Amazingly，itwasagenerallyheldviewonly100yearsagoinEngland.Inastrangecontradiction，thisperiodproducedacoupleofmostcourageousandgiftedauthoresses。Herearethreeofthem.JaneAusten(1775～1817)AllthesixcompletednovelsofJaneAustendealwiththeproblemsandlimitationsofwomen’schoices.Athertime，theonlyrespectable“career”forawomanwastomarry，sothedilemmaofherheroines’wasalsotomarrybutforlove。Besidesthecontent，theappealofherworksalsoliesinherrefreshinglylightandironicstyle。CharlotteBronte（1816～1855)CharlotteBronte’snovelswererevolutionaryfortheexplicitwaytheydescribedwomenstrugglingagainsttheirrestrictedrolesinsociety。Herheroinesareoutspokeninexpressingtheirfeelings，whiledemonstratinghonestyandconscienceintheirchoices。Hernovel，JaneEyre，publishedunderaman’sname，wasverysuccessfulwhenitcameout.ThebookwasarevelationafterthemorereservedfeelingsexpressedinJaneAusten'snovels。GeorgeEliot(1819～1880）Hernovelsexaminedthemorallyambiguousconcessionspeoplemakeintheirlivesinordertosucceed.Inoneofherbooks,SilasMarner，theherodiscoversalittlegirlrejectedbyherownfather.Herfatherdidsoforfearoflosinghissecondwife’slove—amistakeforwhichthecouplebothsuffer。语篇解读本文向读者介绍了三位著名的女作家:简·奥斯汀、夏洛蒂·勃朗特与乔治·艾略特的小说风格。1．Whydoestheauthordescribetheauthoressesas“courageous”?A．Theywerehonestinexpressingtheiropinions。B．Theybrokethesocialrestrictionsonauthoresses.C．Therewerefewgoodmenwritersattheirtime。D．Theyfoughtagainstthelawtopublishtheirbooks。答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章首段第一、二句“Canyoubelievethatthereusedtobeaconsensusinsocietythatopposedthewritingofnovelsbyauthoresses？Clearlythisrestrictionmusthaveoperatedatatimewhentherewasnoequalityofopportunityforwomen."可知,当时的社会是限制女性作家发展的，然而她们的出现体现出对社会偏见的反抗,因此作者认为她们是勇敢的。故选B项.2．TheappealofJaneAusten’sbooksmainlyliesin。A．charmingheroines B．respectablecareersC．movinglovestories D．contentandstyle答案D解析细节理解题.根据JaneAusten（1775～1817）部分最后一句“Besidesthecontent，theappealofherworksalsoliesinherrefreshinglylightandironicstyle.”可知,简·奥斯汀的书不仅内容吸引人，而且风格独特。故选D项。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookSilasMarner？A．Itdealtwithconcessionspeoplemade。B．ItwaswrittenbyamancalledGeorgeEliot.C．Itsheroinesareoutspokenandhonest.D．Itdescribeswomenstrugglingforequalrights.答案A解析推理判断题。根据GeorgeEliot（1819~1880)部分第一句“Hernovelsexaminedthemorallyambiguousconcessionspeoplemakeintheirlivesinordertosucceed。”可知，作者认为乔治·艾略特写的小说主要是关于人们在生活中作出的让步，接着作者以《织工马南传》为例说明此观点。故选A项。B项错在aman；C、D两项是对夏洛蒂·勃朗特小说的描述。B（2017·东北三省四市教研联合体一模)Lastweek，EducationSecretaryArneDuncandeclaredawaronpapertextbooks.“Overthenextfewyears，”hesaidinaspeechattheNationalPressClub,“textbooksshouldbeabandoned."Intheirplacewouldcomeavarietyofdigital­learningtechnologies，likee。readersandmulti­mediawebsites.Suchtechnologiescertainlyhavetheirplace.ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatried.and.truetechnology—goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet。Andwhilee­readersandmulti.mediamayseemappealing，theideaofreplacinganeffectivelearningplatformwithawidelyhyped（炒作）butstillunprovenoneisextremelydangerous.Anexpertonreading，MaryanneWolf，hasrecentlybegunstudyingtheeffectsofdigitalreadingonlearning,andsofartheresultsaremixed.SheworriesthatInternetreadingcouldbesuchasourceofdistractions(分散注意力)forthestudentthatitmaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaWeb。linked，e。learningenvironment。Andwhileit’struethatthehigh。techindustryhassponsoredlargeamountsofresearchonthepotentialbenefitsofWeb.basedlearning，notenoughtimehaspassedforlongitudinal（纵向的）studiestodemonstratethefulleffects。Inaddition，digital.readingsupportersclaimthatlightweighte­booksbenefitstudents’backsandsaveschoolsmoney。Buttherollingbackpackseemstohavesolvedtheweightproblem,andthesurprisingcoststooutfiteverystudentwithane.reader，providetechnicalsupportandpayforregularsoftwareupdatespromisetomakethee­textbookaverypriceychoice。Asbothateacherwhousespapertextbooksandastudentofurbanhistory,Ican’thelpbutwonderwhatparallelsexistbetweenmyownfieldandthissudden,wholesaleabandonmentofthetechnologyofpaper。eq\x（语篇解读文章从不同角度及不同立场探讨了数字化学习技术是否会取代课本。)4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．Atried­and。truetechnologyispaper，longusedineducationalsystem。B．Digitallearningtechnologieswillreplacethepapertextbookssoonerorlater。C．E.readersandmulti。mediawebsitesarelearningmethodsthatareprovedeffective。D．Multi。mediawebsitesandagoodoldpaperarekindsofdigital。learningtechnologies。答案A解析细节理解题.根据文章第二段第二句“ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatried­and­truetechnology-goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet。”可知，课本是真实可靠的技术并且一直以来都是教育系统的基础。故选A项。5．Whatisthedrawbackoftextbooksaccordingtothepassage?A．Itsprice. B．Itsweight。C．Itscontent. D．Itsappearance。答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“Inaddition，digital­readingsupportersclaimthatlightweighte.booksbenefitstudents’backsandsaveschoolsmoney.”可知，电子阅读的支持者们称，重量轻的电子书对学生的后背有益而且还可以为学校省钱，这从侧面说明了纸质书也就是课本的缺点就是它的重量.故选B项。6．WhatworriesMaryanneWolfmostisthat。A．paperlearningcanprovidemorepotentialbenefitsB．theresultsofdigitalreadingeffectsareunderstandableC．studentsmaynotfocusonlearningbydigitalreadingD．digitalreadingcan’tprovidepotentialbenefitsforusers答案C解析细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词MaryanneWolf可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段第二句“SheworriesthatInternetreadingcouldbesuchasourceofdistractions（分散注意力）forthestudentthatitmaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaWeb.linked，e­learningenvironment。”可知,她担心网络阅读可能会分散学生的注意力，以至于抵消了网络学习环境潜在的好处。故选C项.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowarddigital.learning?A．Disapproving。 B．Supportive。C．Positive。 D．Objective.答案D解析观点态度题.通读全文可知,作者客观地阐述了数字化学习的好处和缺陷，并结合不同人的看法，从客观的角度进行分析。故选D项。C(2017·甘肃兰州一中月考）TheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco,Californiaisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbridges.Itisalsooneofthemostvisitedplacesintheworld。Vehiclescrossthebridgeanaverageof41milliontimeseachyear.Morethan1，800hundredmillionvehicleshaveusedthebridgesinceitopenedmorethan70yearsago。Thebridgewaspainted“InternationalOrange”becausethatcolorwentwellwiththenaturalsurroundings。Thecoloralsoiseasiertoseeintheheavyfogthatoftencoversthearea。ButtheGoldenGateBridgewasnotnamedforitsorangecolor。Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses，theGoldenGateStrait.TheGoldenGateStraitistheentrancetotheSanFranciscoBayfromthePacificOcean。TheGoldenGateBridgelinksthecityofSanFranciscowithMarinCounty，California.Planningforthebridgebeganinthe1920swhentheareaaroundSanFranciscowasgrowing.Peoplelivingintheareaneededanotherwaytogettothecitybesidessmallferries(渡船）．JosephStrausswasthechiefengineerfortheproject。Workbeganin1934.MrStraussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding.Theseincludedthefirstuseof“hardhats”toprotecttheworkers’headsandspecialglassestoprotecttheireyes。Aspecialsafetynetwassuspended(挂）underthebridge。Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.However,11otherworkerswerekilledwhentheyfellfromthebridgethroughthenet.Still，thiswasanewsafetyrecordforthetime.TheGoldenGateBridgeopenedin1937.Itextends1，280metersacrossthewater。Thetotallengthis2,737meters.Itwasthelargestsuspensionbridge(吊桥）intheworlduntil1964.ThatiswhentheVerrazanoNarrowsBridgeopenedinNewYorkCity.Today，theGoldenGateBridgeistheninthlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld。eq\x（语篇解读文章主要讲述了金门大桥名称的由来以及它的建造.）8．TheGoldenGateBridgewasnamedafter.A．thelocalclimateB．thecolorofapaintC．thestraititcrossesD．itsnaturalsurroundings答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses,theGoldenGateStrait。”可知选C。9．Thepurposeofsuspendingaspecialsafetynetisto.A．protecttheenvironmentB．makeconstructioneasierC．preventworkersfromfallingD．savebuildingmaterialsfromfalling答案C解析推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“Aspecialsafetynetwassuspended（挂)underthebridge。Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.”可知这网是为了防止工人们掉下来.故选C。10．WhatdoweknowaboutJosephStrauss?A．Heattachedimportancetotheworkers’safety.B．Hissafetymeasureswerenotofpracticalvalue.C．Hebuiltthefirstsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Hedemandedstrongmeasurestoensurethesafetyofthebridge.答案A解析推理判断题.根据第四段和第五段第一、二句可知他重视工人的安全。故选A。11．Thepassageiswrittento。A．invitereaderstoSanFranciscoB．introducetheGoldenGateBridgeC．describehowtheGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltD．tellthestoryofanengineercalledJosephStrauss答案B解析写作意图题。纵观全文，可知本文主要讲述了金门大桥名称的来历以及它的建造，也就是向人们介绍金门大桥。故选B。D(2017·吉林长春二模)Foodproductiondoesgreatharmtoourenvironment.Therearemanyproceduresinvolvedinthemanufactureoffoodthatresultingreenhousegasesandotherpollutants.Someproceduresrequiretheconsumptionoflargeamountsoffossilfuels，suchasthetransportationandstorageoffoodproducts。Otherfactorsthatcausegreatdamagetoourenvironmentincludetheoveruseoffreshwater。Theproductionofbeefismoredamagingtotheenvironmentthanthatofanyotherfoodweconsume。Raisinglargenumbersofcattlerequirestheproductionoflargeamountsoffoodfortheanimals.It'sestimatedthatproducingonepoundofbeefrequiressevenpoundsoffeed.Landuseisalsoaproblem。Ifthecattlearefree­rangecattle，largeareasoflandarerequiredforthemtoliveon.Thishasledtodisastrousforestcuttingandthelossofrareplantsandanimalspecies，particularlyintropicalrainforestsinCentralandSouthAmerica.Anotherproblemspecifictobeefproductionismethaneemissions(甲烷排放)．Althoughmanypeopleareawareofthedamagingeffectsofcarbondioxide，theydon’trealizemethane’sglobalwarmingpotentialis25timesworse，makingitamoredireproblem.Unfortunately，beefconsumptionisgrowingrapidly。Thisistheresultofsimplesupplyanddemandfactors。Specifically，therearetwomaincausesofdemandthatareencouragingtheproductionofmoresupply.First，theincreaseintheworldpopulationmeanstherearemorepeopletoconsumemeat.Thesecondfactorissocioeconomicadvancement.Ascitizensindevelopingnationsbecomefinanciallystable，theycanaffordtobuymoremeat。Therefore，onewaytoreducethegreenhousegasemissionsisforpeoplearoundtheworldtosignificantlycutdownontheamountofbeeftheyeat。语篇解读本文介绍了在牛肉的生产过程中,饲养牛需要消耗大量食物，占用大片土地，牛体内的食物消化又会产生大量的甲烷并会释放到大气中，从而危害环境,因此作者呼吁为了保护环境人们应减少牛肉的消耗。12．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A．Raisingfree。rangecattleiseco。friendly。B．Peoplecutdowntreesforanimalhabitats。C．Producingbeefcandamagetheenvironment.D．Carbondioxidecausesfarmoreharmthanmethane.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theproductionofbeefismoredamagingtotheenvironmentthanthatofanyotherfoodweconsume。”可知，牛肉的生产过程会对环境造成破坏。故选C项。13．Theunderlinedword“dire"inPara。4means“”．A。urgent B．commonC．typical D．avoidable答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，在牛肉的生产过程中会产生大量的甲烷，而甲烷的危害远远大于二氧化碳，因此，这个问题更需要大家给予迫切的关注。由此可猜测，dire意为“极其严重的，危急的”。故选A项。14．Beefproductionisgrowingrapidlybecause.A．morepeopleareindemandofbeefB．developingcountriesraisemorecattleC．morelandisavailabletoraisecattleD．thecostofraisingcattleisrelativelylow答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Thisistheresultofsimplesupplyanddemandfactors。”以及下文中分析的两个原因可知,牛肉消耗的增加是供求关系的结果。人口的增加以及发展中国家的收入增加，使得人们可以购买更多肉制品，从而导致牛肉消耗的增加。故选A项.15．Theauthorwritesthisarticleto.A．describetheboomingofthebeefproductionB．emphasizetheadvantagesofbeefproductionC．condemnthedeforestationoftherainforestD．argueforadecreaseinbeefconsumption答案D解析写作意图题。作者分析了牛肉生产过程对环境的危害，在最后一段提出了自己的观点，呼吁人们减少对牛肉的消耗,从而保护环境。故选D项。Ⅱ。七选五（2017·河北唐山一模)Everyonemakesmistakes.16Makingamistakeatwork，however,canbemoreserious。Itmaycauseproblemsforyouremployerandevenaffectthecompany’sbottomline。Evilconsequenceswillfinallycomedowntoyou。Simplycorrectingyourmistakeandmovingonmaynotbeanoption.Whenyoumakeamistakeatworkyourcareermaydependonwhatyoudonext。Admityourmistake.Tellyourbossaboutyourmistakeimmediately。Theonlyexceptionisthatyoumakeaninsignificanterrorthatwillnotaffectanyone.Otherwise，don’ttrytohideyourmistake。17Presentyourbosswithaplantofixyourmistake。Whenyougotoyourboss’sofficetoadmityourmistake，youmusthaveaplanforcorrectingit.Presentyourplanclearly.Tellyourbosshowlongitwilltaketocarryoutyourplanandifthereareanycostsinvolved.Don’tblamea