数控技术概述

NUMERICALCONTROLTECHNOLOGYChapter1IntroductiontoNumericalControlTeacherXuCijun.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL

1.1、FundamentalofNCTechnology1.2、ClassificationsofNCMachines1.3、FeaturesofNumericalControlandItsApplicationAreasCourseDescription:�NCisoneofthemostimportantachievementsinmechanicalengineeringfieldin20century.�Itisacrossingandintegratingtechnologycomprisingofcomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,informationtechnology,sensetechnology,andmachiningtechnology.�NumericalControlTechnologyhasbecameoneoftheimportanttechnicalbasicclassesofmechanicalengineeringspecialty.Toshibaevents.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC

1946-thefirstcomputerappearedintheworld,whichliftthecurtainonthemankindintoinformationtime.

1948-ParsonsCorporationbroughtforwardusingcomputertocontrolmachinewhentheymachinedthesurfacecontoursofairfoilshape.ParsonsCorporationwasamini-helicoptermanufacturer.Themachiningaccuracyoftheairfoilshapewas±0.0381mm.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC

UnderthesupportbytheU.SAirForceResponsedbytheServomechanismsLaboratoryattheMIT(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology).Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC

Threeyearslater,in1952

MITandParsonsCorporationcooperatedwitheachother,anddevelopedthefirstNCmachinewhichnamedCincinnatiHydrotelmillingmachine.Background,timeandplace.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefirstgeneration,1952~1955vacuumtubes,electricalrelaysandcomplicatedmachinecontrolinterfaces.Thesecondgeneration,1955~1959miniatureelectronictubes,transistors.Thethirdgeneration,1959~1965smallscaleintegratedcircuits..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAbovethreegenerations,

theirNCfunctionswereperformedbyhardware(electroniccircuits),sowecallthem“hardwiredNC”(硬线数控)

1955

1959

1965.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefourthgeneration,1970s(1970~1974)minicomputers.(CNC)Thefifthgeneration,1974-microprocessor.1979(VLIC)(MCNC)1994~PC-NC..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAfterthefourthgenerations,

theirNCfunctionswereperformedbysoftware(basedoncomputer),sowecallthem“softwiredNC”or“computernumericalcontrol”(计算机数控CNC)

1970

1974

1994.Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC1、NC(NumericalControl,数字控制)

NumericalControl（NC）isaformofprogrammableautomationinwhichthemechanicalactionsofamachinetoolorothermachinesarecontrolledbyaprogramcontainingcodedalphanumericdata..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC2、NumericalControlTechnology,(数控技术)

ItmeansthetechnologywhichadoptsNCmethodstocontrolaworkprocesstorealizetheautomation..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC3、NumericalControlMachineTools,(数控机床)

Itis

akindofmachinetools

whichadoptsthenumericalcontroltechnologytorealizetheworkprocessautomation.ItisatypicalexampleofNCapplication..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC4、NumericalControlSystem,(数控系统)

Itis

theequipmentwhichcanrealizethenumericalcontrol..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC5、CNC(ComputerNumericalControl,计算机数控)

Themachinecontrolunitsarebasedoncomputertechnology..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineTools

Thecontrolsystemofanumericallycontrolledmachinetoolcanhandlemanytaskscommonlydonebytheoperatorofaconventionalmachine.Thesystemhastheabilitytoperformthecontrolfunctionsthroughthenumericalinputinformation,whichisthecontrolprogram,alsocalledthepartprogram..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownastherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartFirstly,thepartprogrammershouldstudythepartdrawingandtheprocesschart..Chapter1

INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownintherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartThenthepartprogrammershouldpreparethecontrolprogramonastandardforminthespecifiedformat.Itcontainsallthenecessarycontrolinformation.Cha爽pte拘r怖1INT踪蝶ROD胁UCT叙ION语TO静NU萍MER割ICA漫LC渡ONT豪ROL1.1偶.3缓Ba烘sic摇Co绸mpo前nen勾ts宇of映NC份Mac童hin未eT晌ool尊sThework逮pro值cessof洗NC栗is混sho披wn冲in培the串ri恰ght膨fi暮gur粗e.Par谋td揭raw险ingPartprogramCon数tro吓lc吹omp腾ute兵rServ仓o-dr检ive电unitMac得hin借et叙oolPartNext鄙the仍par修tpr骄ogra过mis动tra见nsfe放rred走int体oth栽eco等ntro询lco絮mput某er(M企DI).贵the恐comp那uter愁con台vert逝sea常chc骑omma滨ndi永nto共the码sign眠alt非hat银the逼serv瓜o-dr史ive森unit鸡nee刊ds.Chap压ter耍1INT湖ROD施UCT器ION吨TO再NU种MER含ICA师LC饺ONT秆ROL1.1钟.3恒Ba毅sic糠Co种mpo莫nen淡ts筒of星NC剑Mac壁hin迁eT乓ool择sThework录pro奋cessofN幸Cis悠sho挑wni求nth告eri糊ght琴figu估re.Part举dra淡wingPartprogramCon臣tro放lc灾omp陶ute作rSer仓vo-浪dri生ve珍uni梳tMac斧hin报et狮oolPar私tAt筝las向t,筑th湖es岂erv乎o-d脑riv电eu剪nit驰dr还ive绞st环he毛mac验hin塌et溜ool魂to岔ma伤nuf聪act妈ure袖th驶ef恐ini幻玉she免dp求art.Chap究ter目1INTR刘ODUC逃TION个TO绒NUME孕RICA支LCO圈NTRO流L1.1喇.3果Ba爪sic红Co剪mpo为nen康ts休of御NC肌Mac颈hin跌eT芹ool头sAty强pica缠lNC舱mac蔽hine局too秩lha仙sfi签vef刺unda匀ment挂alu定nits暑:(1)t竭hei识nput傻med挺ia;(2)t逃hem耍achi帅nec拳ontr栗olu屋nit;(3)t邀hes顾ervo瞎-dri虑veu蛙nit;(4)t寸hef为eedb途ack闭tran僵sduc流er;(5)t描hem威echa纽奉nica拐lma绑chin准eto哀olu责nit.Chap定ter游1INTR极ODUC骡TION您TO递NUME析RICA绸LCO双NTRO慰L1.1.殖3B夜asic没Com共pone狡nts陆ofN洲CMa似chin影eTo卫olsThe太ge圾ner内al凤rel缎ati颜ons葛hip榆am岸ong悄th激ef狂ive捡co申mpo狼nen失ts败is炎ill季ust海rat串ed饼in融the愿be雨low脑.MachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducer.Chap腥ter城1INT上ROD读UCT惰ION惰TO架NU胜MER遗ICA此LC栏ONT撑ROL1.1.倍3B卖asic漂Com肺pone袜nts赴ofN蹦CMa嫂chin醒eTo数olsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerThe乡丰inpu匠tme孩dia否cont小ains娇the垄pro嗓gram篇of控inst垃ruct舱ions宰,it惨is虽the助deta懂iled左ste趁p-by袖-ste亿pco坡mman司dst滚hat薪dire朴ctt献hea油ctio定nso特fth嫌ema添chin简eto椒ol;塞the紧prog乱ram朗ofi妇nstr禽ucti水ons刘isc迹alle方da缘瑞part伏pro财gram旨..Cha到pte役r掏1INTR旦ODUC知TION融TO尼NUME桥RICA康LCO尝NTRO渡L1.1纵.3载Ba显sic谜Co敞mpo跪nen香ts盆of筒NC灭Mac剪hin处eT豪ool界sMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerThe免prog沿ram弯isc那oded想on拼asu蚁itab伤lem坐ediu相mfo换rsu夺bmis降sion切to泳the女mach致ine讯cont描rol武unit宵.The案co爸mmo农nm芬edi锦um轿in跌the盯pa针st稍is河pun怨che既dt棍ape胜,m膜agn榴eti搁ct气ape敌:.Chap衡ter上1INTR讽ODUC四TION攻TO这NUME疤RICA喊LCO黑NTRO随L1.1.拔3B晚asic侄Com瓶pone韵nts造ofN债CMa秃chin察eTo榴olsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerNow,治The赠com勉mon宇medi着umi者sdis桂ket桥te,elec学tron耗ict伴rans弃fer红from兔ac范ompu是ter(RS23峡2C):.Chap业ter摊1INTR驰ODUC伞TION狮TO而NUME碌RICA盼LCO散NTRO绳L1.1.锣3B英asic程Com熟pone宰nts誉ofN情CMa监chin值eTo劝olsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerMCU炊cons耍ists夏of信ami个croc沟ompu小ter蹦and宫rela吵ted妨cont廉rol细hard紧ware闹tha灯tst添ores集the殊pro谋gram搞of肢inst蜻ruct樱ions昂and看exe狗cute际sit阁by宋conv乏erti伟nge闯ach鄙comm倍and壁into两mec所hani堪cal懂acti删ons支ofm挂achi厦net扇ool,其one剪com都mand闯at梁ati煮me.t兼heM植CUi系nclu解des均syst售ems煮oftw殿are,乱calc组ulat俯ion古algo配rith微m,an筋d盾tran权siti东ons永oftw成are哥toc高over偶tth而eNC鄙par回tsp窃rogr污ami服nto抓aus钓able楼for痕mat舱for做the怕MCU.Chap男ter注1INT地ROD嫁UCT涌ION粮TO型NU孩MER细ICA臂LC纸ONT拒ROL1.1米.3花Ba秧sic峡Co殖mpo捡nen妙ts合of困NC江Mac饲hin茂eT奇ool寺sMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerSpi默ndl盆ea却nd队fee镇dd吵riv匠em丽oto纹rs筋and僵th槽eir腊se壮rvo蠢-am陵pli淹fie膏rs化are接th嫩ec滋omp念one纤nts扎of薄th记es扫erv英o-d夹riv和eu胜nit劣.Th唱eM隔CU付pro卧ces北ses轿th处ed浑ata多an芹dg境ene术rat胳es客dis之cre纱te理num扔eri撞cal漠po财sit适ion际co骑mma牢nds女fo删re阻ach诊fe缘瑞ed必dri雅ve鞭and窗ve袭loc裤ity蒙co陈mma医nd雄for英th惰es鼓pin修dle驱dr缺ive锻.Th帮en腐ume煎ric视al功com率man躺ds朴are卷co合nve开rte狗di冰nto雨si贿gna更lv治olt瘦age韵by喇th幸eM邮CU伙uni她ta催nd北sen讨tt如os泡erv胳o-a魔mpl送ifi皇ers培,w经hic荐hp跌roc冠ess侮an酬da贺mpl嫌ify喉th降em掌to艳the角hi容gh貌vol恳tag港el讨eve厌ls谷req抽uir妈ed闻by箱the施dr肝ive怜mo第tor艘s.Thedrivesinmachinetoolsareclassifiedasspindleandfeeddrivemechanisms..Chap粉ter世1INT乳ROD迈UCT强ION帝TO被NU途MER翻ICA余LC率ONT佛ROL1.2三CLA翁SSIF恭ICAT桑IONS塞OF识NCM旱ACHI辱NENume电rica蚂lco廉ntro算lma享chin励esa精rec煌lass裳ifie途din绵dif狡fere跟ntw仙ay:(1)侄The输ty庙pes葡of再NC匆mo钢tio延nc出ont坚rol瓜sy贤ste贿m;(2)行The颂ty款pe委of洞ser决vo-古dri骗ve钱sys窑tem字;(3)怎App威lic欣ati略on汤of港NC.Cha从pte虫r顷1INT志ROD御UCT顶ION袭TO公NU哈MER佛ICA确LC蛙ONT雾ROL1.2困.1鄙Ty读pes内of其NC堤Mo吐tio宅nC忽ont阵rol母Sy境ste谷mMot雄ion医co凑ntr愁ol宋sys丢tem叙sf享or晚NC蜡can啊be祸di盒vid梅ed签int签ot韵wo恐typ膝es:(1)集Poin茄t-to握-poi昂nt旗cont美rol醒syst蚊em(点位俗控制系火统);(2)于Cont搏inuo看us(Con等tour挠ing)path显con挽trol爱sys革tem;（连续码控制或轮廓控制系统汇）.Chap贫ter秆1INT访ROD搁UCT盈ION别TO锁NU绳MER高ICA京LC验ONT垦ROL1.2忠.1祸Ty田pes乓of铜NC炒Mo望tio旅nC概ont笨rol咐Sy劳ste铃m1.2狸.1.仅1争Point肚-to-州poin真tc粘ontr炊ols零yste扰mPoint–topoint(positioning)controlinNCIti植sal益soc光alle湖dPo驶siti汪onin丧gco渠ntro斤lsy拣stem戏,Wh棍ich谱move劝sth倡ewo茅rkta贼ble扰toa耻pro驱gram缩慧med露loca埋tion挤wit纳hout芦reg负ard篇tot屠hep杨ath溉take壤nto裙get过to脆the东loca己tion团.Th塌ati状sto俱say壳,th甘epa茅thb浩etwe俗enp计oint需sis西of陶litt售lec览once句rna袜ndi裤sno荐tpa化rtic鲜ular利lyc扫ontr画olle或d.T旬hep监rogr乞amc颠onsi敌sts辨ofa陈ser胀ies便ofp氧oint牧loc革atio验nsa雾twh缴ich妹oper夏atio互nsa铅rep横erfo廉rmed承.Su莫cha述sdril拨lingorpun徐chi志ngaho滴le..Chap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win从ga钩lon右gw摆ith闹th床eir眼ty搅pic丙al被fea区tur白es:NCl豪athe蛾(数控冰车床)Tur羡nin寄gr诉equ不ire揭st连wo-浸axi兔sc奥ont摧inu作ous嫩pa袖th取con府tro娘l,写eit琴her黄to霜pr大odu话ce远as甜tra爷igh掏tc成yli剖ndr陶ica壤lg顶eom商etr福yo您rt怨oc挺rea犹te卡ap缸rof岗ile劲..Chap泼ter嚷1INT乓ROD蛛UCT库ION弱TO知NU纸MER陵ICA仔LC欠ONT罪ROL1.2壳.3芹Ap被pli圣cat忘ion枯of亩CN旗C1.2.猫3.1Mac丝式hin桑eT唇ool权Ap机pli口cat略ionNC址bor万ing烧mi园ll举(数控律镗铣床刑)hori叔zont塞alo愚rve民rtic播als壳pind大le.拣Bori橡ngi统ssi抵mila违rto窃tur影ning陶,ex河cept唐tha抵tan称int蚂erna毫lcy聚lind干eri队scr作eate碗din界stea奥dof慨an酿exte令rnal迷cyl与inde挡r.T得heo嫂pera鸦tion然req示uire蝴sco讲ntin党uous园pat弯h,t鹿wo-a消xis烂cont显rol.谁..Chap更ter拉1INTR督ODUC幼TION棍TO放NUME鹊RICA何LCO疯NTRO壁L1.2执.3疗Ap磁pli看cat透ion米of柱CN营C1.2.革3.1Mac月hin奇eT纳ool皂Ap哪pli浮cat轿ionNC积dri鸣ll第pre弹ss岸(数控刑钻床)Thes找ema能chin摆es语use尝poin烧t-to旅-poi鬼ntc连ontr脑olo后fwo尝rkhe长ada姜ndt季woa凳xis悉cont标rol萍oft株hew首orkt聪able慌.So雹meN初Cdr跳ill幅pres氏ses闲have途tur恨rets芳con讲tain拾ing伶six稼ore戒ight宗dri谢llb涨its..Cha抱pte否r西1INTR辱ODUC禁TION荣TO夺NUME晌RICA耕LCO盈NTRO橡L1.2.良3A贡ppli邀cati孟ono青fCN匠C1.2.殃3.1Mach腐ine派Tool跟App议lica邮tionNC箩mil皂lin竟gm伴ach歌ine贪(数葵控铣床果)Itr隐equi誓res残cont楼inuo锈usp辅ath蹲cont偏rol烘top誓erfo肿rms挤trai瘦ght厌cut瓶orc辱onto叉urin需gop弟erat巾ions龟..Chap解ter冠1INT抹ROD烦UCT闷ION朴TO坦NU身MER驾ICA宁LC丛ONT更ROL1.2碗.3摄Ap诱pli士cat汁ion屿of患CN龙C1.2士.3.渗1Mac歉hin絮eT星ool碰Ap捐pli裂cat射ionNCg裤rind黎ing故mach每ine尸(数控磨歌床)Iti肯sin示tend偿edf狭orf堵inis展hing达tre垦atme探nto淡fwo彼rkpa孟rts.概The岗gri蜘ndin多gma痕chin览ein游clud晚esc隐ylin着dric彻al-,猜sur阔face众-,i扔nter滨nal-聚,sp极indl段e-,t硬hrea胀d-,证gear俱-and舍too泳l-gr象indi区ngm搞achi汁nes..Chap概ter从1INT钢ROD顺UCT采ION杀TO再NU愁MER测ICA扑LC深ONT私ROL1.2.初3A划ppli乞cati骆ono喜fCN扔C1.2咬.3.跟1Mach赠ine办Tool菜App底lica柿tionMac万hin星ec紫ent办er黎(加工蛋中心)Iti堆sde后fine易das零mul足tifu唇ncti大onN智Cma影chin殿esw燃ith慨auto猛mati联cto引olc拾hang蜂era乓ndt及ool仔stor平age.愿Ith齿ast懂hea格bili满tyt枪ope保rfor痰mdr乌illi灵ng,役turn切ing,锋rea饱ming确,bo也ring扁,mi诉llin撤g,c记onto痰urin啊g,a傻ndt朽hrea祖ding栋ope崖rati挎ons趣ona份sin价gle侦mach馒ine..Cha卧pte跳r由1INTR矩ODUC赠TION槽TO盘NUME玻RICA古LCO蔑NTRO奥L1.2划.3漏Ap惑pli毙cat跌ion旬of爬CN雀C1.2.压3.1Mac絮hin哭eT翻ool列Ap吃pli韵cat仰ionMac丙hin术ec忆ent眉er驴(加工声中心)Mac恼hin福ing插ce牵nte闷rs宗are夕cl饱ass块ifi茄ed探as局eit梅her添ve耳rti身cal毕or院hor转izo足nta佳l.Ver习tic寻al冈mac住hin额ing孩ce宋nte侄rscon仇tin翠ue侄to便be叫wid土ely及ac丘cep雕ted半an气du钉sed础,p炉rim真ari谱ly炕for悉fl帝at甚par则ts好and乡丰wh溜ere富th液ree奸-ax坚is蜂mac抵hin离ing粗is寺re黎qui执red凶on逆th掩es袋urf磨ace员of参as滚ing肠le存par对t支suc影ha闯st敞he议mol告da赢nd粥the臂di鸟e.Hori猪zont腿alm放achi敞ning灿cen门tersare暖part软icul罩arly由use玩dfo菜rth伶ela俘rge,迎boxy屑,an最dhe考avy灭part忆s..Chap炕ter膀1INTR值ODUC颤TION雹TO零NUME练RICA须LCO添NTRO屈L1.2熔.3枪Ap平pli逢cat氧ion壶of狱CN萍C1.2.测3.1Mac烟hin觉eT撞ool向Ap任pli射cat开ionMach章ine板cent玩er(滑加工中心虑).Chap欣ter龄1INTR潜ODUC熄TION凡TO舒NUME钩RICA姓LCO哀NTRO屈L1.2谈.3宁Ap堂pli滩cat永ion邪of销CN蒜C1.2.知3.2氏Non叮-Mac乓hine痕Too静lAp障plic庆atio糊nPunc银hpr为esse近sfo唇rsh被eet莲meta竿lho攻lep兔unch浇ing尺(数控冲奏床)The棉tw守o-a梁xis堡NC励op赛era执tio催ni夏ss垃imi版lar我to俩th省at醉of铜ad赢ril亩lp茎res录se钱xce邀pt泼tha仆th疯ole扒sa岩re玻pro腊duc朝ed眉by慕pun结chi蛾ng通rat腥her著th惜an江by潜dri樱lli伪ng..Chap死ter谜1INTR耳ODUC宿TION屯TO可NUME倡RICA摊LCO筛NTRO梅L1.2市.3快Ap得pli豆cat求ion众of正CN荡C1.2.讨3.2掏Non-投Mach恰ine祸Tool侮App苹lica提tionPres洒ses影for要shee垃tme质tal狡bend呀ing假(数控折伴弯机)Ins江tea挠do委fc酱utt就ing喷sh计eet摄me愉tal怖,t甩hes店es平yst著ems饰be仇nd瓜she践et稀met功al纺acc伟ord重ing锣to常pr汽ogr茂amm摸ed兰com暂man从ds..Cha族pte惭r影1INT肆ROD凤UCT诉ION励TO裹NU逐MER筋ICA茧LC斑ONT股ROL1.2.仰3A铃ppli于cati怀ono眠fCN娱C1.2.宽3.2羊Non-Mach才ine雄Tool锋App婆lica肾tionWel爪din竖gm戴ach开ine鲁(数第控焊接专机)Bot跟hs穴pot源we渡ldi牛ng广and显co丙nti奶nuo府us洗arc扛we河ldi狗ng秒mac伪hin角es舱are香av委ail馅abl墨ew顶ith脾au彩tom迷ati蒸cc杠ont域rol要sb亏ase怜do底nN兆C..Chap训ter沿1INT村ROD敬UCT隙ION魄TO倡NU述MER赞ICA饮LC垮ONT绳ROL1.2姐.3千Ap去pli忌cat墓ion葡of腐CN摊C1.2.撑3.2乐Non-Mac继hin铸eT喂ool缠Ap康pli响cat没ionThe每rma蹲lc形utt绘ing架ma哈chi叶ne恢(数控锋热切割释机)Suc傅ha骆so害xyf往uel粱cu免tti疫ng(沙火焰切渐割),标las压er谨cut替tin称g(激煮光切割思),钥and申pl乓asm穿aa疾rc芦cut瞧tin锣g(等蜂离子电脑弧切割毛).方The限st兵ock井is黎us洲ual露ly膜fla饱t;波thu愚st肾wo-我axi看sc负ont坡rol贪is镜ad德equ蚀ate肤.So答me肌las蝴er维cut煤tin窝gm量ach丧ine灭sc恭an护cut咏ho逢les宋in层pr楚efo换rme俗ds碑hee圈tm宇eta将ls柳toc前k,语req乓uir积ing足fo傅ur奴or剃fiv舰ea尘xis概co彩ntr仍ol..Chap抬ter粘1INTR散ODUC映TION行TO敌NUME姿RICA愚LCO摊NTRO栗L1.2.悟3A访ppli呆cati虾ono蛙fCN秤C1.2骂.3.喜2N滤on-Mach塘ine膜Tool厌App访lica董tionTub浩eb糠end尝ing隐ma消chi博ne桨(数控骄弯管机吗)Auto察mati苹ctu漂beb笨endi像ngm垦achi辅nes趟are复prog