高三英语一轮复习状语从句复习导学案

一、时间状语从句when/whenever,while,as引导的时间状从eg.Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.We'IIanswerhercallwheneverourmotherlandneedsus.when:从句谓语可以是非延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。while:从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。as:从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行。可译为“一边…，一边…；随着…”固定句型(重点)：IwaswatchingTVlastnightwhenLilyknockedatthedoor.Iwasabouttogo(onthepointofgoing)outforawalkwhenLilypaidavisittome.Ihadjustfallenasleepwhenthetelephoneran.总结：正在做…突然… 正要做…突然… 刚做完…突然… Itis/hasbeen3yearssincehebegantosmoke.(非延续性动词，他抽烟3年了；做…多久了)Itis/hasbeen3yearssincehesmoked.(延续性动词，他不抽烟3年了；不做…多久了)before的特殊用法：Itwillbe+一段时间+before… 还要…才Itwas+一段时间+before… 过了…才…Itwon1tbe/wasn't+一段时按+before… 没过多久就…Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyeasbeforeyougetanotherchance.翻？译：Itwon*tbelongbeforewegraduate.翻译: until可以和not连用，till一般不行5,注意：hardly…when…;nosooner…than…结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一盛过去时，且当hardly和nosooner放于句首时，要引起部分倒装Hardly(Nosooner)hadIgottothestationwhen(than)thetrainleft.我一到火车站，火车就离开了。 ^everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,bythetime等引导的时间状语从句Everytime/Eachtime/NexttimehegoestoBeijing,hewillvisittheSummerPalace.注意：1)thefirsttime和thefirsttime的区别thefirsttime弓I导时间状语从句：ThefirsttimeIcametoBeijing.Ifellinlovewiththecity.thefirsttime作时间状语，不能弓I导从句：Thisyear,IcametoBeijingforthefirsttime.bythetime要和对应的完成时连用Bynow,IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhadmadegreatprogress.By2050,theywillhavewastedmillionsofdollars.二、让步状语从句although,though,as和while引导的让步状语从句Althoughthesemeasurearenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.Hotas/thoughthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.注意：1)although/while引导的从句不倒装，while只能置于句首；2)though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，且though可以做副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末；as引导的从句必须倒装Childasheis,heknowsalot.Tryasyoumay,youwon*tmakeit.Changeyourmindasyoumay,youwon1tsucceed.Busyasheis,heoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.Hardashestudied,hefailedagain.总结：as弓I导的让步状语从句要把提前，且当表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略evenif/eventhough引导让步状语从句：表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”Timisingoodshapephysicallyevenif/thoughhedoesn1tgetmuchexercise.“疑问词+・ever”引导让步状从whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however弓I导让步状语从句,表示“无论…”；引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatter(what,who,whom,when,where,which,how)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants./nomatterwhatheorshewants.However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.注意：whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但是nomatter结构不可以Whoevergetsthemostpointswillbethewinner.这句话的whoever弓|导,且不能改为nomatterwhowhether・・・or…意为"无论…还是…”，提供两种对比情况Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.三、条件状语从句.由if,unless,so(as)longas等连接Ifhecomes,Ishallaskhimsomequestions.We*IIgotovisittheGreatWallunlessitrainstomorrow.(unless=)Youmayusethedictionaryso/aslongasyoukeepitclean注意：条件状语从句中，基本时态原则为.suppose(supposing),incase,onconditionthat,provided(providing)可弓［导条件状语从句。Suppose/Supposing/Providing/Provided)(that)=lfthere1snoelectricity,whatshallwedo?Incasesomeonecomestoseeme,askhim/herleaveamessage.＜万——，彳设如〉Youmaygoswimmingon(the)conditionthatyoufinishyourhomeworkv在…条件下〉四、辨析三大从句状语从句和主句通常用逗号隔开，且从句中不缺主要成分，主要根据句意判断所填弓I导词；名词性从句通常跟主句是嵌入式关系，需要先找到主语谓语动词再进行判断从句类型，再根据从句所缺成分和句意选择弓I导词；定语从句通常紧跟在名词之后，较好判断，选用弓I导词时主要看先行词种类和从句所缺成分来进行判断易混点1：定语从句和并列句Shehasmanynovels,someofareinteresting.Shehasmanynovels,andsomeofareinteresting.易混点2:定语从句和状语从句Weyoungpeopleshouldgototheplaceisneedofhelp.Weyoungpeopleshouldgowe'remostneeded.定语从句和状语从句的主要区别定语从句先行词为表示地点的名词，而地点状语从句没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，地点状语从句修饰的是谓语动词易混点3：as引导限制性定语从句和结果状语从句的区别Thisissuchaninterestingworkofartallofuslike.Thisissuchaninterestingworkofartallofuslikeit.thesams---as;so/such---as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so…that弓I导结果状语从句，that不在从句中做成分易混点4：定语从句和名词性从句1.1)isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2)isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.3)isknowntoeverybodyisthatmoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2.1)hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.2)Anyonehashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语1)Themothermadeapromisepleasedallherchildren.2)Themothermadeapromiseshewouldbuynewtoys.定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词作进一步解释，同位语从句一般与抽象名词同位。定语从句的that在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语，做宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。1)Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetotheplaceisthecenterofthetown.Myun