2014年度全国职称英语等级考试综合B真题及答案

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！2014第11—15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.Afterwardstherewasjustafeelingoflet-down.A.excitementB.angerC.CalmD.disappointment2.Thecommitteewasaskedtorenderareportonthehousingsituation.A.copyB.furnishC.publishD.summariza3.Thecurriculumwastoonarrowandtoorigid.A.hiddenB.inflexibleC.traditionaD.official4.HeledaverymorallifeA.honourableB.humanC.intelligentD.natural.5.Themajorityofpeoplearoundherearedecent.A.realB.honestC.normalD.wealthy6.HisknowledgeofFrenchisfair.A.veryusefulB.verylimitedC.quitegoodD.ratherspecial7.Thegroupdoesnotadvocatetheuseofviolence.A.limitB.regalateC.supportD.oppose8.Theworstagoniesofthewarwerenowbeginning.A.painsB.partsC.aspectsD.results9.Itwasamagicnightuntilthespellwasbroken.A.timeB.charmC.spaceD.opportunity10.Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.A.proveB.discoverC.considerD.imagine11.Severalwindowshadbeensmashed.A.cleanedB.replacedC.brokenD.fixed12.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergooddeedfortheday.A.homeworkB.actC.justiceD.model13.Londonquicklybecameaflourishingport.A.majorB.largeC.successfulD.commercial14.Hisprofessionalcareerspanned16years.1A.stareedB.changedC.movedD.lasted15.HisstomachfelthollowwithfearA.emptyB.sincereC.respectfulD.terrible第2部分：阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.TheMostWonderfulIslandsThePalmIslandsareartificialislandsinDubai,UnitedArabEmiratesonwhichmajorcommercialandresidentialinfrastructurewillbeconstructed.TheyarebeingconstructedbyNakheelProperties,apropertydeveloperintheUnitedArabEmirates,whohiredtheDutchdredgingandmarinecontractorVanOord,oneoftheworld'sspecialistsinlandreclamation.TheislandsarethePalmJumeirah,thePalmJebelAliandthePalmDeira.Eachsettlementwillbeintheshapeofapalmtree,toppedwithandwillhavealargenumberofresidential,leisureandentertainmentcenters.ThePalmIslandsarelocatedoffthecoastofTheUnitedArabEmiratesinthePersianGulfandwilladd520kilometresofbeachestothecityofDubai.Thefirsttwoislandswillcompriseapproximately100millioncubicmetersofrockandsand.PalmDeirawillbecomposedofapproximately1billioncubicmetersofrockandsand.AllmaterialswillbequarriedintheUAE.Betweenthethreeislandstherewillbeover100luxuryhotels,exclusiveresidentialbeachsidevillasandapartments,marinas,waterthemeparks,restaurants,shoppingmalls,sportsfacilitiesandhealthspas.ThecreationofthePalmJumeirahbeganinJune2001.Shortlyafter,thePalmJebelAliwasannouncedandreclamationworkbegan.ThePalmDeira,whichisplannedtohaveasurfaceareaof46.35squarekilometre.Constructionwasoriginallyplannedtotakeyears,butthatwasbeforetheimpactoftheglobalcreditcrunchhitDubai.216.SomeDutchengineersareexperiencedinreclaiminglandfromthesea.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.Theislandsarebeingbuiltinthedeepwaterofthesea.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.RocksforbuildingthebreakwaterweretakenfromtheWorldofIslands.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.AlltheluxuryhomesonPalmJumeirahweresold.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.ThewaterthemeparkinJebeiAllwillattractmoretourists.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.ThePalmDeirawillbethesamesizeasParis.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.TheWorldIslandsarebiggerthanthePalmJumeirahA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有223～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择127~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。TheStoryteller1.StevenSpielberghasalwayshadonegoal:totellasmanygreatstoriestoasmanypeopleaswilllisten.Andthat’swhathehasalwaysbeenabout.Thesonofacomputerscientistandapianist,SpielbergspenthisearlychildhoodinNewJerseyand,later,Arizona.Frombeginning,hisfertileimaginationfilledhisyoungmindwithimagesthatwouldlaterinspirehisfilmmaking.2.Evendecadeslater,Spielbergsayshehasclearmemoriesofhisearliestyears,whicharetheoriginsofsomeofhisbiggesthits.HebelievesthatE.T.istheresultofthedifficultyearsleadinguptohisparent’s1966divorce,“Itisreallyaboutayoungboywhowasinsearchofsomestabilityinhislife.”“Hewasscaredofjustabouteverything,”recallshismother,LeahAdler.“Whentreesbrushedagainstthehouse,hewouldheadintomybed.Andthat’sjustthekindofscarystuffhewouldputinfilmslikePoltergeist.”3.Spielbergwas11whenhefirstgothishandsonhisdad’smoviecameraand3beganshootingshortflicksaboutflyingsaucersandWorldWarΙΙbattles.Spielberg’stalentforscarystorytellingenabledhimtomakefriends.OnBoyScoutcampingtrips,whennightfell,Spielbergbecamethecenterofattention.“Stevenwouldstarttellinghisghoststories,”saysRichardY.HoffmanJr.,leaderofTroop294,“andeveryonewouldsuddenlygetquietsothattheycouldallhearit.”4.SpielbergmovedtoCaliforniawithhisfatherandwenttohighschoolthere,buthisgradesweresobadthathebarelygraduated.BothUCLAandUSCfilmschoolsrejectedhim,soheenteredCaliforniaStateUniversityatLongBeachbecauseitwasclosetoHollywood.Spielbergwasdeterminedtomakemovies,andhemanagedtogetanunpaid,non-creditinternship（实习）inHollywood.Soonhewasgivenacontract,andhedroppedoutofcollege.Heneverlookedback.5.Now,manyyearslater,Spielbergisstilltellingstorieswithasmuchpassionasthekidinthetent.Askhimwherehegetshisideas,Spielbergshrugs.“Theprocessformeismostlyintuitivehesays.“TherearefilmsthatIfeelIneedtomake,foravarietyofreasons,forpersonalreasons,forreasonsthatIwanttohavefun,thatthesubjectmatteriscool,thatIthinkmykidswilllikeit.AndsometimesIjustthinkthatitwillmakealotofmoney,likethetoJurassicPark.”23.Paragraph1______24.Paragraph2______25.Paragraph3______26.Paragraph4______A.InspirationsforhismoviesB.ThetroubleofmakingmoviesC.AfunnymanD.GettingintothemoviebusinessE.TellingstoriestomakefriendsF.Anaimoflife430.Spielbergsayshemakesmoviesfor________A.almosteverythingB.tellingscarystoriesC.anumberofreasonsD.makingchildrenlaughE.hischildhoodmemoriesF.alotofmoney第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。第一篇TheMakingofaSuccessStoryIKEAistheworld'slargestfurnitureretailer,andthemanbehinditisIngvarKamprad,oneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulentrepreneurs.BorninSwedenin1926,Kampradwasanaturalbusinessman.Asachild,heenjoyedsellingthingsandmadesmallprofitsfromsellingmatches,seeds,andpencilsinhiscommunity.WhenKampradwas17,hisfathergavehimsomemoneyasarewardforhisgoodgrades.Naturallyheusedittostartupabusiness一IKEA.IKEA'snamecomesfromKamprad'sinitials(I.K.)andtheplacewherehegrewup('E'and'A').TodayIKEAisknownforitsmodern,minimalistfurniture1,butitwasnotafurniturecompanyinthebeginning.Rather,IKEAsoldallkindsofmiscellaneousgoods.Kamprad'swaresincludedanythingthathecouldsellforprofitsatdiscountedprices2,includingwatches,pensandstockings.IKEAfirstbegantosellfurniturethroughamail-ordercataloguein1947.ThefUrniturewasalldesignedandmadebymanufacturersnearKamprad'shome.Initialsaleswereveryencouraging,soKampradexpandedtheproductline.Furniturewassuch5asuccessfulaspectofthebusinessthatIKEAbecamesolelyafurniturecompanyin1951.In1953IKEAopeneditsfirstshowroominAlmhult,Sweden.IKEAisknowntodayforitsspaciousstoreswithfurnitureitiattractivesettings,butintheearly1950s,peopleorderedfromcatalogues.Thusresponsetothefirstshowroomwasoverwhelmiig:peoplelovedbeingabletoseeandtrythefurniturebeforebuyingit.Thisledtoincreasedsalesandthecompanycontinuedtothrive.By1955,IKEAwasdesigningallitsownfurniture.In1956Kampradsawamandisassemblingatabletomakeiteasiertotransport.Kampradwasinspired.Themanhadgivenhimagreatidea:flatpackaging3.FlatpackagingwouldmeanlowershippingcostsforIKEAandlowerpricesforcustomers.IKEAtrieditandsalessoared.Theproblemwasthatpeoplehadtoassemblefurniturethemselves,butovertime,eventhisgrewintoanadvantageforIKEA.Nowadays,IKEAisoftenseenashavingconnotationsofself-sufficiency.Thisimagehasdonewondersforthecompany,leadingtobettersalesandcontinuedexpansion.Todaythereareover200storesin32countries.Amazingly,IngvarKampradhasmanagedtokeepIKEAaprivately-heldcompany.In2004hewasnamedtheworld'srichestman.HecurrentlylivesinSwitzerlandandisretiedfromtheday-to-dayoperationsofIKEA.IKEAitself,though,justkeepsongrowing.31.KampradestablishedIKEAwithA.hispersonalsavingsB.hisfather'srewardforhisschoolperformanceC.largeprofitsfromsellingthingsD.hisschool’ssupport32.TheauthorstatesinParagraph5thatflatpackagingA.needslargespacetoassemblyfumitureB.isabusinessconceptinspiredbyKampradC.helpsreducetransportationcostsD.makesthecompanyself-sufficient33.Accordingtothepassage.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.IKEAexperiencedrapidexpansionsincethelate1950s6B.IKEAdesignditsownproductssince1955C.IKEAsoldallkindsofmiscellaneousgoodsoriginallyD.Kampradsoldhiscompanyafterretirement34.whatistheauther’sattitudetowardsIKEA’sfutureaccordingtoA.indifferentB.DoubtfulC.OptimisticD.Pessimistic35.ThepassageisdevelopedprimarilyintermsofA.analysisofaprocessB.examplesthatillustrateaproblemC.comansonandcontrastD.sequenceevents第二篇ApproachestoUnderstandingIntelligencesItbaystobesmart,butwearenotallsmartinthesameway.Youmaybeatalentedmusician,butyoumightnotbeagoodreader.Eachofusisdifferent.Psychologistsdisagreeaboutwhatisintelligenceandwhataretalentsorpersonalabilities.Psychologistshavetwodifferentviewsonintelligence.Somebelievethereisonegeneralintelligence.Othersbelievetherearemanydifferentintelligences.SomepsychologistssaythereisonetypeofintelligencethatcanbemeasuredwithIQtests.Thesepsychologistssupporttheirviewwithresearchthatconcludesthatpeoplewhodowellononekindoftestformentalabilitydowellonothertests.Theydowellontestsusingwords,numbersorpictures.Theydowellonindividualorgrouptests,andwrittenororaltests.Thosewhodopoorlyononetest,dothesameonalltests.Studiesofthebrainshowthatthereisabiologicalbasisforgeneralintelligence.Thebrainofintelligencepeopleuselessenergyduringproblemsolving.Thebrainwavesofpeoplewithhigherintelligenceshowaquickerreaction.Someresearchersconcludethatdifferencesinintelligenceresultfrom7differencesinthespeedandeffectivenessofinformationprocessingbythebrain.HowardGardner,apsychologistattheHarvardSchoolofEducation,hasfourchildren.Hebelievesthatallchildrenaredifferentandshouldn’tbetestedbyoneintelligencetest.AlthoughGardnerbelievesgeneralintelligenceexists,hedoesn’tthinkittellsmuchaboutthetalentsofapersonoutsideofformalschooling.Hethinkthatthehumanmindhasdifferentintelligences.Theseintelligencesallowustosolvethekindsofproblemswearepresentedwithinlife.Eachofushasdifferentabilitieswithintheseintelligences.Gardnerbelievesthatthepurposeofschoolshouldbetoencouragedevelopmentofallofourintelligences.Gardnersaysthathistheoryisbasedonbiology.Forexample,whenonepartoftheBrainisinjured,otherpartsofthebrainstillwork.PeoplewhocannottalkbecauseofBraindamagecanstillsing.So,thereisnotjustoneintelligencetolose.GardnerhasIdentified8differentkindsofintelligence;linguistic,mathematical,spatial,musical,Interpersonal,intrapersonal,体动觉的),andnaturalistic.36.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.TheimportanceofintelligenceB.ThedevelopmentofintelligencetestsC.HowtounderstandintelligenceD.Howtobecomeintelligent37.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueconcerninggeneralintelligence?A.MostintelligentpeopledowellonsomeintelligencetestsB.IntelligentpeopledonotdowellongrouptestsC.IntelligentpeopledobetteronwrittenteststhanonoraltestsD.Peopledoingwellononetypeofintelligencetestdowellonothertests38.GardnerbelievethatA.allchildrenarealikeB.childrenhavedifferentintelligencesC.childrenshouldtakeoneintelligencetest8D.thereisnogeneralintelligence39.AccordingtoGardnerschoolsshouldA.promotedevelopmentofallintelligencesB.teststudent'swhodopoorlyontestsC.trainstudentswhodopoorlyontestsD.focusonfindingthemostintelligentstudents40.GardnerthinksthathistheoryhasaA.musicalfoundationB.intrapersonalfoundationC.linguisticfoundationD.biologicalfoundation第三篇TheWorkers'RoleinManagementTraditionally，ithasbeentheworkers'roletoworkandmanagement'sroletomanage.Managershaveplannedanddirectedthefirm'soperationswithlittlethoughttoconsultingthelaborforce.Managershaverarelyfeltcompelledtoobtaintheworkers'opinionsortoexplaintheirdecisionstotheiremployees.Atmost，companieshaveprovided“suggestionboxes”inwhichworkerscouldplaceimprovingprocedures.Inrecenthowever，manymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingthatworkersaremorethansellersoflabor-theyhaveavitalstakeinthecompanyandmaybeabletomakesignificantcontributionstoitsmanagement.Furthermore，majorcompanydecisionsprofoundlyaffectworkersandtheirdependents.Thisisparticularlytrueofplantclosings，whichmayputthousandsontheunemploymentlines.Shouldworkers，thenplayastrongerroleinmanagement?Workersshouldhavearoleinmanagement.Attheveryleastthelaborforceshouldbeinformedofmajorpolicydecisions.(Acommoncomplaintamongrank-and-fileworkersisthelackofinformationaboutcompanypoliciesandactions.)Between1980and1985aboutfivemillionworkerswerethevictimsofplantclosingsandpermanentlayoffs，oftenwithnowarning.Atleast90days——noticeoughttobegiveninsuchinstancessothatworkershavetimetoadjust.Managementshouldconsultworkers9beforeclosingaplantbecausetheworkersmightbeabletosuggestwaysofimprovingproductivityandreducingcostsandmightbewillingtomakeconcessionsthatwillhelpkeeptheplantoperating.Itshouldbecomeageneralpracticetoincludeworkersinsomemanagerialdecisionmaking.Thereoughttoberepresentativesoftheworkersonthefirm'sboardofdirectorsorothermajorpolicymakinggroups.Ifrank-and-fileworkersaregivenavoiceintheplanningandmanagementoftheworkflow，theywillhelptomakeimprovements，theirmoralewillandtheirproductivitywillincrease.Asafurtherincentivetheymustbegivenashareinthecompany'sprofits.Thiscanbedonethroughemployeestockownershipplans，bonuses，orrewardsforefficiencyandproductivity.Finally，whenaplantcannolongeroperateataprofit，theworkersshouldbegiventheopportunitytopurchasetheplantandrunitthemselves.41.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1thatmanagersA.werenotqualifiedB.seldomobtainworkersopinionC.dislikesuggestionworkersopinionsD.neverconsultedthetaportorce42.Inrecentyears，manymanagementspecialistshavebeenarguingtheyA.shouldhaveasayinmanagementofthecompanyB.arenolongersellersoftheproductsC.arelessaffectedbycompanydecisionsthanbeforeD.areabletomakefinaldecisionsforthecompany43.Thewordrank-fileParagraph2isclosestinmeaningtoA.seniorB.ordinaryC.intelligentD.capable44.Accordingtothepassage，whathappenedbetween1980and1985A.AboutfivemillionworkerswerelaidoffwithoutadvancenoticeB.Managersconsultedworkersbeforeclosingaplant10C.WorkersdidnotmakenecessaryconcessionD.Manycompanieswereclosedbecauseofstrikes45.Ifnotgiveavoiceinmanagerialdecisionmaking，workersA.maylacktheincentivetoincreasetheirproductivityB.cannotgetashareinthecompany’sprofitsC.canstillgetbonusesforefficiencyandproductivityD.willnothavetheopportunitytopurchasetheplant第5部分：补全短文（第46—50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白；短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。TheDayaLanguageDiedWhenCariosWestezdiedattheageof76.Alanguagedied,too.Westez,morecommonlyknownasRedThunderCloud,wasthelastspeakeroftheNativeAmericanlanguageCatawba.AnyonewhowantstohearthesongsoftheCatawbacancontacttheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashington,D.C.,where,backinthe1940s,RedThunder（46）TheyareallthatisleftoftheCatawbalanguage.Thelanguagethatpeopleusedtospeakisgoneforever.Weareallawareofthedangerthatmodernindustrycancausetheworld’secology（生态）.However,fewpeopleareawareoftheimpactwidelyspokenlanguagesotherlanguagesandwaysoflife.Englishhasspreadallovertheworld.Chinese,Spanish,Russian,andHindihavebecomepowerfullanguagesaswell.Astheselanguagesbecomemorepowerful,theiruseastoolsofbusinessandcultureincreases.Aswell,（47）Whenthishappens,hundredsoflanguagesthatarespokenbyonlyafewdieout.Scholarsbelievetherearearound6,000languagesaroundtheworld,butmorethanhalfofthemcoulddieoutwithinthenext100years.Therearemanyexamples,ArakiisathelanguageoftheislandofVanuatu,locatedinthePacificOcean.Itisspokenbyonlyafewolderadults，solikeCatawba，Arakiwillsoondisappear.Manylanguagesofethiopiawillhavethesamefatebecauseeachonehas（48）IntheAmericas,100languages,eachofwhichhasfewerthan300speakers,aredyingout.RedThunderCloudwasoneofthefirsttorecognizethedangeroflanguagedeathandtotrytodosomethingaboutit.HewasnotactuallybornintotheCatawbatribe,andthelanguagewasnothismothertongue.（49）.ThesongshesangfortheSmithsonianInstitutionhelpedtomakeNativeAmericanmusicpopular.Nowheisgone,andthelanguageisdead.Whatdoesitmeanfortherestofuswhenalanguagedisappears?Whenaplant,insect,oranimalspeciesdies,itiseasytounderstandwhathasbeenlostandto11forthebalanceofthenaturalword.However,languageisonlyaproductofthemind.Tobethelastremainingspeakerofalanguage，likeRedThunder，mustbeapeculiarlylonelydestiny,almostasstrangeandterribleasbeingthelastsurvivingmemberofadyingspecies.（50）A.Somepeoplemightwanttolearnsomeofthesesongsbyhearts.B.PapusNewanextremelyrichsourceofdifferentmorethan100ofthemareindangerofextinction（灭绝）.C.wasafrequentvisitortotheCatawbareservationinSouthCarcinomawherehelearnedthelanguage.D.Therelanguagedon’thavemanynativespeakers.E.Fortherestofalanguagedies,welosethepossibilityofauniquewayofseeinganddescribingtheworld.F.Astheselanguagebecomemorepowerful.theiruseastoolsofbusinessandcultureincrease.第6部分：完形填空（第51—65题，每题1分，共15分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最