2022年安徽省淮北市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）

2022年安徽省淮北市大学英语6级大学英语六级知识点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.TheNextDisaster:AreWeReady?

AreWeReallyPrepared?

AftertheattacksonSeptember11andthehurricanesthatslammedtheGulfCoastlastyear,you'dexpectourmajorcitiestobereadywithdisasterplansthatwillsavelivesandproperty.There'snodoubtwe'llbehitagain——maybeevenharder——becausethelistofpossiblecalamities(灾难)islong:fromabirdflupandemictoamassiveCaliforniaearthquake,tomoremonsterstorms,toanotherterroristattack.

Butarewereallypreparedtoprotectpeople,aswellastheirhomesandbusinesses?Everymajorurbanareahasreceivedfederalfunding,muchofitfromtheDepartmentofHomelandSecurity(DHS),inordertomaketheircitiesmoresecure.Buttherearenosetcriteriaformeasuringpreparedness(thefedsareworkingonthat),andthequalityofdisasterplansvarieswidelythroughoutthecountry.

Sowedecidedtodoanindependentassessmentof10high-riskurbanareas,focusingonkeysecurityindicators.Weanalyzedpublicdata,consultedwithfederalandlocalemergencyworkers,andcontactedthemayors'officestogauge(测量)thereadinessofthesecitiestomeetbothnaturalandmen-madedisasters.

Ourcriteriafellunderthreemaincategories:EmergencyReadiness,CrisisCommunications,andMedicalResponse.

EmergencyReadiness

Arethereatleast1,000firstresponders(suchaspolice,fireandEMTs)per100,000residents?They'reourfirstlineofprotectioninalmostanydisastersituation--professionalswhoaretrainedtohandleeverythingfromrescuingvictimstoprovidingfirstaid,toenforcingquarantines(封锁),todirectingtrafficforevacuations(疏散).

Aretherefederalsearch-and-rescueteamsbasedwithin50miles?Largecitiesoftenhavespecializedteamstodealwithsuchthingsashigh-rise-buildingrescuesorhazardouschemicalspills.Butthesesquadsaresometimessmall,ill-equipped,orrunonashoestring.Thisisnottrueoffederalurbansearch-end-rescuetaskforcesthattheDHSsupportsacrossthecountry.Eachtaskforceismadeof62membersand4canines,aswellasa"comprehensivecache"ofequipment.DHStaskforcesarenotautomaticallyassigned;acityneedstoapplyandpresentitscase.

Hasthecityorstateearned"greenstatus"fromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention?Supposethatinthemidstofaflupandemicorbioterrorattack,yourcityranlowoncriticalmedicines.TheCDCstandsreadytohelpbydistributingdrugsandmedicalequipmentfromitsStrategicNationalStockpile.Buttheagencywantstoknowthatacityorstateisabletoquicklymobilizehundredsofhealthworkersandvolunteerstrainedtohandlethelogistics,andhasspacesetasideforstorageandrefrigeration.You'rebestoffifyourcityhasearnedtheCDC's"greenstatus"--evenifthestateitselfhasnot--becauseitmeanslocalhealthteamscanhandlethesuppliesontheirown.

Doesthecitywebsiteexplainclearlywhattodoincaseofevacuation?WhocanforgettheimagesofstrandedNewOrleansresidents,orthe5-mphcrawloutofHouston?ItturnedoutthatNewOrleans'sevacuationplanswerebothinadequateandpoorlycommunicated.Onewaycitiescanavoidasimilarnightmareistoputclearandeasy-to-findevacuationinformationontheirwebsites.Somecities,suchasBostonandWashington,postthepreferredstreetroutes.Others,likeLasVegas,won'tdisclosedetailsduetosecurityfears,buttheirwebsitesmayprovidewaystoquicklygetevacuationdetailswhenyouneedthem(suchasnumberstocalloralertservicesyoucansignupfor).Amongthemoreimportantthingstoaddressarepeoplewithoutvehiclesoftheirown(ahugefailinginNewOrleans)andinstructionsforpetowners.

Doesthewebsiteincludedetailsforresidentswithspecialneeds?InJuly1995,aviciousheatwavekillednearly

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Dr.PeterDiotbelievesthatitmaybeeffectivetouseARVsto______.

3.

PatternsofAdhgeneofflieslivingatdifferentlatitudescanhelpscientiststosee______.

4.

DuringthatcontentiouscrusadeEmerykeptapistolathandonhisdesk______.

5.

Americanshavehadagoodtrackrecordofbeingsensitivetoculturaldistinctions.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.ManypatientswholackEnglishproficiencyleavemedicalappointmentswithoutunderstandingdoctors'instructionsbecauseinterpretersare______.

7.

Differentfromkinship,friendshipistheresultof______,whichisthecommonelementoffriendshipsofdifferentstyles.

8.WhatisthedifferencebetweenJoostandKaZaAaccordingtoFredrikdeWahl?

A.KaZaAbenefitedtheindustrywhichitentered.

B.KaZaAdidn'timpacttheindustrywhichitentered.

C.Joostdoesn'tthreatentheindustrywhichit'sentering.

D.Joostnegativelyimpactstheindustrywhichit'sentering.

9.

Whileschoolsdoconsiderextracurricularactivities,they'relookingtoseeifyou'veshowna______inoneortwoareas.

10.Sleep

Sleepisoneofthosefunnythingsaboutbeingahumanbeing—youjusthavetodoit.Haveyoueverwonderedwhy?Andwhataboutthecrazydreams,tiketheonewhereabadpersonischasingyouandyoucan'trunoryell.Doesthatmakeanysense?

CharacteristicsofSleep

Weallknowhowsleeplooks—whenweseesomeonesleeping,werecognizethefollowingcharacteristics:

-Ifpossible,thepersonwillliedowntogotosleep.

-Theperson'seyesareclosed.

-Thepersondoesn'thearanythingunlessitisaloudnoise.

-Thepersonbreathesinaslow,rhythmicpattern.

-Theperson'smusclesarecompletelyrelaxed.Ifsittingup,thepersonmayfalloutofhisorherchairassleepdeepens.

-Duringsleep,thepersonoccasionallyrollsoverorrearrangeshisorherbody.Thishappensapproximatelyonceortwiceanhour.Thismaybethebody'swayofmakingsurethatnopartofthebodyorskinhasitscirculationcutofffortoolongaperiodoftime.

Inadditiontotheseoutwardsigns,theheartslowsdownandthebraindoessomeprettyfrighteningthings.

Inotherwords,asleepingpersonisunconscioustomostthingshappeningintheenvironment.Thebiggestdifferencebetweensomeonewhoisasleepandsomeonewhohasfaintedorgoneintoacomaisthefactthatasleepingpersoncanbearousedifthestimulusisstrongenough.Ifyoushaketheperson,yellloudlyorflashabrightlight,asleepingpersonwillwakeup.

Foranyanimallivinginthewild,itjustdoesn'tseemverysmarttodesigninanecessaryeight-hourperiodofnear-totalunconsciousnesseveryday.Yetthatisexactlywhatevolutionhasdone.Sotheremustbeaprettygoodreasonforit!

WhoSleeps?

Reptiles(爬行动物),birdsandmammalsallsleep.Thatis,theybecomeunconscioustotheirsurroundingsforperiodsoftime.Somefishandamphibiansreducetheirawarenessbutdonoteverbecomeunconsciouslikethehighervertebrates(脊椎动物)do.Insectsdonotappeartosleep,althoughtheymaybecomeinactiveindaylightordarkness.

Bystudyingbrainwaves,itisknownthatreptilesdonotdream.Birdsdreamalittle.Mammalsalldreamduringsleep.

Differentanimalssleepindifferentways.Someanimals,likehumans,prefertosleepinonelongsession.Otheranimals(dogs,forexample)liketosleepinmanyshortbursts.Somesleepatnight,whileotherssleepduringtheday.

SleepandtheBrain

Ifyouattachanelectroencephalograph(脑电图仪)toaperson'shead,youcanrecordtheperson'sbrainwaveactivity.Awakingandrelaxedpersongeneratesalphawaves,whichareconsistentvibrationsatabout10cyclespersecond.Analertpersongeneratesbetawaves,whichareabouttwiceasfast.

Duringsleep,twoslowerpatternscalledthetawavesanddeltawavestakeover.Thetawaveshaveoscillationsintherangeof3.5to7cyclespersecond,anddeltawaveshaveoscillationsoflessthan3.5cyclespersecond.Asapersonfallsasleepandsleepdeepens,thebrainwavepatternsslowdown.Theslowerthebrainwavepatterns,thedeeperthesleep—apersondeepindeltawavesleepishardesttowakeup.

REMSleep

Atseveralpointsduringthenight,somethingunexpectedhappens—rapideyemovement(REM)sleepoccurs.MostpeopleexperiencethreetofiveintervalsofREMsleeppernight,andbrainwavesduringthisperiodspeeduptoawakelevels.IfyoueverwatchapersonoradogexperiencingREMsleep,youwillseetheireyesflickeringbackandforthrapidly.Inmanydogsandsomepeople,arms,legsandfacialmuscleswilltwitch(抽搐)duringREMsleep.PeriodsofsleepotherthanREMsleepareknownasNREM(non-REM)sleep.

REMsleepiswhenyoudream,ff

A.YB.NC.NG

11.Onecanturnto______ifhewantstoexerciseinarainingday.

12.

Thegreatnumberofpatientsvisitingthecomplementary-medicinecenteratNewYork'sHospitalforSpecialSurgeryreflects______intheUS.

13.

Whatkindofanimalaffectedbyman-madechemicalsisnotreferredinthepassage?

A.Polarbears.B.Mammals.C.People.D.Birds.

14.

Theauthordoubtsthatmencanfindanswerstothe______inthenearfuture.

15.

Olympicgamesinancienttimesbroughttemporarypeacetoopponentsandthosewhobrokethepeacewouldbefinedas______.

16.

Elementary,intermediateandadvancedstudentsall______fromjazzchants,music,andpoetry.

17.

Mostofparentstoleratedtheconstructivistprogramforitsfirstseveralyears,buttheyweregreatlyinfluencedbythetraditionalmaththattheyurgedteachertoteachtraditionalexams.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.Studiesofhuman'seatingfishwithPCBshavefoundthat______.

19.

Whenusingpublictransportation,thevisitorsaresuggested______becauseinthiswaytheymayknowlessaboutthelocalculture.

20.

Exceptforphysicalfitness,healthalsoinvolves______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Pardonme,Mr.Brown,wherearethesevitaminslocated?

M:Youneedaprescriptionforthose.Ifyouhaveone,Icanfillitforyourightaway.

Q:WhoisMr.Brown?

(12)

A.Apharmacist.B.Asalesman.C.Alibrarian.D.Adoctor.

22.(22)

A.Cancer.

B.Heartdisease.

C.Organtransplant.

D.Lungdisease.

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Telephoneregistrationismucheasier.

B.Nothingcanhelpregistrationdifficulties.

C.Telephoneregistrationmaygivehimalotoftrouble.

D.Telephoneregistrationisnotasbadaswhatpeoplethink.

24.(26)

A.Heshouldbecarefulwhenusinghiscreditcards.

B.Heshouldcookbyhimself.

C.Heshouldstopspendingmoneyonentertainment.

D.Heoughttogetridofhiscartosavemoney.

25.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Britainwasawealthycountry.Therewereafewveryrichpeoplewhoreceivedmoneyfromlandor【B1】______,anddidnotneedtowork.Theyusedtohavelargenumbersof【B2】______tolookafterthem.

Buttherewerealsomanypoorpeople,andtherewasabig【B3】______betweentherichandthepoor.

Thepoorhadverydifficultlives.Theyusedtobepaidlittle,andtheyhadtoworklonghours.Butatleasttheylivedinawarmhouseandwerewell【B4】______.

Thosewhoworkedinfactorieswereoftenless【B5】______.Theyusedtoworkmanyhoursaday,indangerousand【B6】______conditions.But,evenso,theydidnotusetoearnenoughtosupporttheirfamilies.Theyoftenlivedin【B7】______whichwerebuiltcheaplybythefactoryowners.

The【B8】______paidpeoplewerethosewhoworkedonthefarms,fortheyearnedtheleastinyears.

Lifeforthepoorwasnotalwayssad.【B9】____________________.Andmanypeoplewereconcernedaboutthepoor.OneofthemwasCharlesDickens,thefamousBritishwriter.【B10】________________WhenDickenswaseleven,hisfatherwassenttoprison;andDickenshadtoworkinafactory:【B11】____________________________ThatwasthelifeofBritain150yearsago.

【B1】

26.(28)

A.Theymayhavetofollowcertainhousingroles.

B.Adepositmayberequiredtorentanapartment.

C.On-campusapartmentsarelimited.

D.Theyhavetodevotealltheirtimetotheacademics.

27.听力原文：M:Ifeellikegoingforapicnicbythelakethisweekend,butmycarisatthegaragetobefixed.

W:Mybrotherisgoingtoo.IthinkhisSUVhasroomforanotherperson.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Herbrotherwantstorentaroomwithanotherperson.

B.Herbrothercantakethemantothepicnic.

C.Herbrotherwantstosharehisroomwithanotherperson.

D.Herbrotherwantssomeoneelsetogotothepicnicwithhim.

28.【B4】

29.听力原文：W:I'mgoingtoleaveworkearlytoday.There'sadebatethiseveningat6o'clock.SoI'mgoingtogetanearlydinnerandheadoverthere.

M:Who'sdebatingaboutwhat?

W:Thetwocandidatesforthestatesenatearegoingtoanswerquestionsfromreporters.TheDailyNewsissponsoringtheevent.Membersoftheaudiencewillalsohaveachancetoaskquestions-somaybeI'llspeak,too.

M:Oh,soyou'reinterestedinpolitics.Areyouhelpingoneofthem?

W:No,IjustwanttolearnmoreaboutthecandidatessoIcanmakeaninformeddecision.

M:Well,Idon'tthinkI'llbevoting,soIguessIwon'tbotherwiththat.

W:Whyaren'tyougoingtovote?

M;Oh,myonevotedoesn'tmatter.

W;Sureitdoes!

M:Well...besidesthat...Idon'tthinkthatanyofthepoliticiansthesedaysrepresentmyideas.I'dliketoseethegovernmentsupportguaranteedloansforpeoplewhowanttostartsmallbusinesses.I'vewantedtoopenmyownbakeryforyearsandIcan'tgelaloan.

W:Youknowwhat?That'soneoftheissuesthey'llprobablydiscusstonight.Oneofthecandidateswantstaxbreaksforlargecompanies.Hesaysthatwillcreatemorejobs.Theothercandidateownsarestaurant.Shewantstostartprograms,topromotemoresmallbusinesses.

M:Hmm...Whatdoyouknow?MaybeIshouldshowuptheremyself.

(23)

A.Tosupportoneofthecandidates.

B.Toremindpeopletovote.

C.Towriteanewspaperarticle.

D.Tohearmoreaboutthespeakers'ideas.

30.听力原文：M:I'mexhausted!Iwasuptillthreea.m.watchingRomeoandJuliet.Itwasgreat!

W:Oh,Imissedit!Youshould'vecalledme.I'lltakethoseoldclassicsovermodemmoviesanytime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(15)

A.Themanshouldnothavestayedupsolate.

B.Shelikestogotoseenewfilms.

C.Shewantstogotoafilmwiththeman.

D.Sheprefersoldfilmstonewones.

31.(36)

A.Light-bulbs.B.Anax.C.Clothing.D.Knives.

32.(34)

A.Itistoofatty.

B.Itisfullofsugar.

C.Itcontainslittleprotein.

D.Itisfilledwithpreservatives.

33.(38)

34.

【B2】

35.听力原文：M:Itlookslikewewon'thaveenoughtimetodoallwewantedto.

F:Whosayswewon't?Let'sgetgoing.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Shewantstoknowwhosaidtheywon't.

B.Shealsodoubtswhethertheycanfinishontime.

C.Sheasksthemantogowithher.

D.Sheisconfidentofcompletingalltheywantedto.

36.听力原文：M:Howisyourlifeawayfromyourfamily?

W:Iliveonmyownhereinanapartment.It'stough,butI'mdoingit.

M:Doyouhavefriendshere?

W:Yes.Imademostofmyfriendsfrommydanceschool.

M:Haveyourrelativesseenyouperform?

W:MyparentscametoNewYorkallthewayfromIowa.Theywillcomeagainthisweek.I'llbedancingatAllSchoolNights,andeverybodywillperform.

M:Tellmeaboutyourperformance.

W:IworkwithAlanBarnes,whodesignsdancesfortheFrankfurtBallet.LastsummerIauditionedforAlanBarnes'Workshopandhechoseme.

M:Asaseniorattheschool,whatareyourcourses?

W:ItakeEnglish,FineArtsandCurrentPolitics.MyteacherofCurrentPoliticsisMr.Savage.

M:AndFrench?

W:No.ItookSpanishforthreeyears.TherearealotofSpanish-speakingpeoplehere.And,ItookHealthCarelastsemester.

M:Whatareyourprofessionalgoals?

W:I'dliketodanceinaprofessionaldancetroupeoronBroadway.

(23)

A.AdancedesignerfortheFrankfurtBallet.

B.Ateacheratthedanceschool.

C.Astudentatthedanceschool.

D.Afamousdancerinadancetroupe.

37.

【B5】

38.(39)

39.(16)

A.ThemanbroughttheTVataverylowprice.

B.ThemanworksinastoresellingTVs.

C.Theman'swordsplayedabigroleinthewoman'spurchase.

D.ThemanisnotwillingtobuytheTV.

40.听力原文：M:What'swrongwiththebookingoffice?ItoldthemIneededaticketonMarch30th,andtheysentmeonefortomorrow,March13th.

W:Probablysomethingwaswrongwiththeirearsorperhapsyoudidn'tmakeyourselfclear.

Q:What'sthedatewhentheconversationtakesplace?

(18)

A.March3rd.B.March29th.C.March12th.D.March30th.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

ItcanbeinferredthattheyoungplasticsurgerypatientsinKorea______.

A.areallintheirteens

B.areknowledgeableaboutthemedicalprocedures

C.allwanttheirfacesmodeledafterTVstars

D.alwaysgetplasticsurgerywithouttheirparents'consent

42.AccordingtoSolomonandhercolleagues,howdoeswatervaporaffectglobaltemperature?

A.Globalwarmingsloweddownbecausewatervaporinstratospheredropped.

B.Globalwarmingspeededupbecausewatervaporintroposphereincreased.

C.Globaltemperaturelowereddownbecausewatervaporintropospheredropped.

D.Globaltemperatureroseupbecausewatervaporinstratosphereincreased.

43.

Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears______.

A.theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B.thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C.manknowsnothingaboutDNA

D.manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

44.Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses'convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorashestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself."Whoisthat?"thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter."oh,that'sGod,"camethereply,"butsometimeshethinkshe'sadoctor."

Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit'llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman'snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn'tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.

Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenit'sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark.

Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.Atwistonafamiliarquote"Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed,giveup"oraplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinjectwithhumor.

Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshould______.

A.identifywithyouraudience

B.showsympathyforyourlisteners

C.makefunofthedisorganizedpeople

D.takeadvantageofdifferentaudiences

45.

Whatcanbeinferredaboutopera?

A.Itrequiresformaltraining.

B.Itisoftenenjoyedbythosewithstronganalyticalability.

C.Itisdislikedbyblacks.

D.Itismoredifficulttolearnthanclassicalmusic.

46.Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossiblesupposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientist

continuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited(使不相信).Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes—forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

A.classifiedknowledge

B.thestudyofunrelatedfields

C.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

D.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

47.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Forthreedecadeswe'veheardendlesslyaboutthevirtuesofaerobic(increasingoxygenconsumption)exercise.Medicalauthoritieshavepraisedrunningandjumpingasthekeytogoodhealth,andmillionsofAmericanshavetakentothetreadmill(踏车)toreaptherewards.Butthestoryischanging.EveryonefromtheAmericanHeartAssociationtothesurgeongeneral'sofficehasrecentlyembracedstrengthtrainingasacomplementtoaerobics.Andasweightliftinghasgonemainstream,sohastheonceobscurepracticeknownas"SuperSlow"training.Enthusiastsclaimthatbypumpingironatasnail'space-makingeach"rep"(repeat)last14secondsinsteadoftheusualsevenyoucansafelyplaceextraordinarydemandsonyourmuscles,andcallforthanextraordinaryresponse.Slowliftingmaynotbetheonlyexerciseyouneed,assomeadvocatesbelieve,butthebenefitsareoftendramatic.

Almostanyonecanhandlethisroutine.Theonlyrequirementsarecompletefocusandatolerancefordeepmuscularburn.Foxeachexerciselegpress,benchpress,shoulderpressandsoon--yousetthemachinetoprovideonlymoderateresistance.Butasyoudrawouteachrep,deprivingyourselfofimpetus,theweightsoonfeelsunbearable.Defyingtheimpulsetostop,youkeepgoinguntilyoucan'tcompletearep.Thenyousustainyourvaineffortfor10moresecondswhiletheweightsinksgraduallytowarditscradle,intense?Uncomfortable?Totally.Butonceyouembracemusclefailureasthegoaloftheworkout,itcanbecomealmostpleasure.

Thegoalisnottoburncalorieswhileyou'reexercisingbuttomakeyourbodyburnthemallthetime.Runningafewmilesmaymakeyousweat,butitexpendsonly100caloriespermile,anditdoesn'tstimulatemuchboneormuscledevelopment.Strengthtrainingdoesn'tburnmanycalories,either.Butwhenyoupushamuscletofailure,yousetoffapourofphysiologicalchanges.Asthemusclerecoversoverseveraldays,itwillthickenandthenewmuscletissuewilldemandsustenance.Bythetimeyouaddthreepoundsofmuscle,yourbodyrequiresanextra9000caloriesamonthjusttobreakeven.Holdyourdietsteadyand,veryquickly,youarevaporizingbodyfat.

On