中考英语选词填空专题

中考英语选词填空专题

中考选词填空短文填空是近年才创设的一种新题型。这种题型为：给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉10个单词，同时在一个方框内给出10至12个单词，①让考生根据短文的内容，确定词义②用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，确定词性和词形变化，把这些单词填入空白处，使文章正确、通顺。这种题型考查的是考生的整体阅读能力和基础语法的运用能力，特别是单词的词性和词形转化能力。它是介于阅读理解和书面表达之间的一种题型。根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，我把平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略作归纳，希望能给有需要的学生朋友提供一点帮助。“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches，friend-friend‘s/friends’。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny，use-useful/useless/used，danger-dangerous；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式-todo，现在分词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配-enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done…）。的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more/themostinteresting，happy-happily，happy-happiness；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third，2/3-twothirds，onethousand/thousandsof；冠词只需要在a或an之间判别，如agirl/anoldman；当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有‘s不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。例题解析：（一）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第1页。job,中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第1页。job,chance,fourth,why,live,easy,honest,good,inorderto,comeoutGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.I'mheretodaytoshareagoodlessonwithyou.Itisatruestoryaboutanoverseasstudent

71

________

inGermany.Afteryearsofhardwork,thisstudentgraduatedwithamazingachievements.Everyonethoughthewasgoingtogetagood

72________

easilyandhaveabrightfuture.Buttohisdisappointment,hewasnotevengiventhe

73

_______

foraninterview!Thethirdtimehewasrefused,hecouldn'thelptelephoningthecompanytoask

74________

theydidn'twanthim.Theanswerwassimple."Wedon'tofferjobsto

75

__________

peopleinGermany."Whatwaswrong,youmightwonder?Thetruthis,shortlyafterhearrivedinGermany,thiscleverstudentfoundthatitwas

76________

toskipbuyingsubwaytickets.So

77_____

savemoney,heoftenwentwithoutaticket.Asaresult,hehadbeencaughtwithoutaticketinthesubway

78________

times.Fromthisstory,welearnthatwemaygetshort-termbenefitsindishonestways,butthetruthwill

79

________

soonerorlaterandthecostishigh.Soremember:honestyisthe

80

_______rule.That'sallformyspeech.Thankyou!【主旨大意】这是一篇演讲稿。通过一个生动的例子告诉大家一个道理：我们可以用不诚实的方式获取短期的利益，但迟早会真相大白，并为此付出高昂的代价。诚实才是上策。答案：71.living现在分词作定语，修饰student72.job前一句说该学生取得了惊人的成绩，都认为他能有一份好工作（job)和光明未来。73.chance句意：他甚至没有被给面试的机会。74.why.why引导的宾语从句表示原因。75.dishonest由下文知那个学生4次逃票，所以是不诚实的。76.easy句意：...发现逃票很容易。注意句型：Itis+adj.+todosth.77.inorderto

句意：...为了节省钱，他经常逃票。78.four

fourtimes四次。注意用基数词79.comeout。

"thetruthwillcomeout"将会真相大白。80.best.

"honestyisthebestrule"诚实才是上策。注意the后的最高级形式。（二）用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺、连贯（每词限用一次）。so

so

starteasy

badly

someone

difficultif

thank

class

reporter

medical

succeed中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第2页。ProvingThemWrong!中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第2页。I'mJohnWood,adoctoratafamousBostonhospital.Duringthefirsttwoyearsofhighschool,Ifoundbiologyvery56______.Myreportcardsalwayssaidthingslike"muststudyharder"or"Johnshouldn'tchoosescience57_______."Itwasreallyterriblefor58_______whohadalwaysdreamedofbecomingadoctor.Ilostconfidence,soIlefthighschoolxjatsixteenand

59_________

workingatasupermarket.OneeveningIsawadocumentaryaboutAlbertEinstein.Accordingtothedocumentary,Einsteinhaddonereally60_______atschool.IbegantothinkthatEinsteincould61________,thenImayhaveachance,too.Ididn'twanttoleavemyjob,62_________Idecidedtogotonightschooltofinishhighschool.Twoyearslater,Iwenttoa

63_________university.I'veoftenthoughtIshouldcontactthe

64__________

theEinsteindocumentaryand

65

__________

him.Asforthebiologyteacher,Imightcontacther,too,oneday-butnottothankher!【主旨大意】梦想成为医生的"我"，由于生物学得不好，在老师一句"不适合学理科"评价下，"我"失去信心。然而从爱因斯坦成功事例的鼓舞下，"我"梦想成真。一句话可以成就一个人，也可毁掉一个人。56.difficult根据下文"成绩单总是写着'应努力学习'"可生物对作者来说很难。57.classes句意为"不应选择理科"58．someone对梦想成为医生的人来说很糟糕59.started离开学习开始在超市上班。60.badly根据文献爱因斯坦在学校曾经学的很糟。61.succeed爱因斯坦能成功，我可能还有机会。62.so连词的考察"由于我不想丢掉工作，因此我决定上夜校。"63.medical根据上文梦想成为医生，所以应为"上医学院"64.reporter我应联系爱因斯坦文献的记者65.thank我应联系爱因斯坦文献的记者并谢谢他。实战练习(1)well,soft,second,better,may,strongly,afraid,sand,stayup,if,now,house

Wecan’tstopanearthquake(地震),butwecandothingstomakesuretheydon’tdestroy(毁坏)wholecities.First,itisnota1.________ideatobuildhousesalonglineswhere2.________oftheearth’splates(板块)jointogether.Second,ifyouthinkthere3.________beanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrocks,noton4.________.Third,youmustmakethehousesas5.________aspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmay6.________..中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第3页。Scientistsare7.________thatonedayanevenbiggerearthquakewillhitthepartaroundSanFrancisco(旧金山).Theycallit“TheBigOne”.However,peopletodayarestillbuildingmore8.________.ThepopulationinandaroundSanFranciscois9.________tentimesmorethanitwasin1906.Thismeansthat10.________thereisanotherearthquake,agreatmanyhousesandbuildingswillbedestroyed.中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第3页。

（2）(2011四川宜宾)第二节：选词填空。（共8个小题，每小题1分，计8分）从下面方框中选出8个单词，用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、通顺。(每词限用一次)take,bad,medicine,careful,nothing,come,month,something,and,wrong

Mr.Shutelivesinavillage.Hehasgotabigfamilyandastrongdog.Hisfarmissmall76heisoftenfreeinwinter.Sohegoestoacityandfindsworkthere.Oncehestayedinacityfortwo77.WhenNewYearwascoming,hewentbackhometoseehiswifeandhischildren.Onhiswayhome,somethingwas78withhiseyes.Whenheknockedonthedoor,hisdog79outandwasnotfriendlytohim.Hiswifehurriedtodriveitaway.Thenextmorninghewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorlookedoverhiseyes80andgavehimsome81.Beforeheleft,hetoldthedoctorabouthisdog.Whenheheardthis,thedoctorbegantolaughandsaid,“Maybesomethingiswrongwithyourdog’seyes,too.”WhenMr.Shutegothome,hetoldhiswifeaboutit.Thewomansaid,“I’mafraidit’strue.Ifathiefcomesintoourhouse,itwon’tseehimandhe’llsteal82here.”Mr.Shutethoughthiswifewasright.Hethenmadehisdog83hismedicineinstead.（3）【2011山东菏泽】五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用方框内所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。(请你一定要注意词语的形式变化!)

tomustaskunusualitwhenearlywhonoticeifMynameisJimWhite.IliveinAmerica.Ihadavery(66)experienceonSunday.IsawaUFOinthedaytime.(67)thisspring,IwentoutsidewithmyfriendBill(68)livedclosetome.Wewerewalkingtoahill(69)Isawalargebrightlightdancinginthesky.IcalledJimandaskedhimtolookup.Hekept(70),“Whatisthat?”“AUFO!”Ishoutedexcitedly.I(71)itwasroundandredinthecenter.Afterwelookedat(72)foramoment,wefounditseemedthatithadwings,butitwasstillround.BillwouldnotbelievemewhenItoldhimit(73)beaUFO.Weshouted(74)itandwewishedthatitwouldland.Wewantedtoknow(75)therewasanalieninit.Butsoonitdisappeared.Iguessedwescareditoff.Doyoubelieveme?It’satruestory.请将答案写在下面的横线上:中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第4页。（4）中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第4页。【2011浙江杭州】七、选词填空he,the,grow,high,until,one,fail,loud,speech,whenhe,the,grow,high,until,one,fail,loud,speech,whenSirEdmundHillarywasthefirstmantoclimbMountEverest.OnMay29,1953heclimbedandmeasured61)__________highestmountainthenknowntoman—29,000feetstraightup.Hewasspoken62)__________offorhiseffortswhenhecameback.Heevenmadeadvertisementsforbigcompanies.However,63)__________wereadhisbook,HighAdventure,wedon'tunderstandthatHillaryhadtogrowintothissuccess.Yousee,in1952hetriedtoclimbMountEverest,but64)__________.AfewweekslateragroupinEnglandaskedhimtogivea65)__________toitsmembers.Hillarywasgivenawarmwelcome66)__________walkingonstage.Peopletherethoughthimasahero,butEdmundHillarysaw67)__________asafailure.Hemovedawayfromthemicrophoneandwalkedtothesideofthestage.Heliftedonehandandpointedatapictureofthemountain.Hesaidina68)__________voice,“MountEverest,youbeatmethe69)__________time,butI’llbeatyouthenexttimebecauseyou’ve70)__________allyouaregoingtogrow,butI'mstillgrowing!”（5）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次。A.phonesB.exceptC.commonD.keepsE.differentA.phonesB.exceptC.commonD.keepsE.differentF.besidesG.insideH.suggestedI.attheendofAccordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,3,000yellowschoolbusesstartedtheirserviceinChongqing512011.TheseschoolbusesareliketheonesintheUSasweusuallyseeonTVandinmovies.Theschoolbusesarebrightyellowincolour.Theyarestrongerthanthearmy’scars.TheyarefromtheUS.Theyellowschoolbushasabignose.This52thestudentssafewhenothercarscrashintotheschoolbus.Thebusalsohassomedevices(设备),suchaswarninglightsandstopsignalarm.IntheUS,yellowschoolbusesarevery53.Thereareabout480,000schoolbusesinthecountry.Usually,theyellowschoolbusesarefreetoride.InChina,schoolbusesbecamepopularinthepastfewyears.Onthebus,54thebusdriver,thereisalwaysateacherwhosedutyistowatchthestudents.Childrenusuallyrestonthebus.Someofthemalsorecitetexts.SchoolbusesinChinaarenotfree.Thefeeis55fromschooltoschool.MoreaboutyellowschoolbusesintheUSYellowbecamethecolourofschoolbusesin1939.Americaneducator,FrankW.Cyr56it.Thecolourhelpedothercarstoseethebuses.Intheearlymorning,theblacklettersontheyellowbusareeasytosee.中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第5页。Kidscanlistentomusic,talkontheir57orjustsleep.Buttheycan’tplacethingsintheaisle(过道).Theyshouldkeeptheirheadsandarms58thebus.Itisnotagoodideatotalktothebusdriver–thedriverneedstopayattentiontotheroad.中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第5页。（6）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每次只能填一次。A.ThewayB.fromadistanceC.ownD.hasstudiedE.grewF.recordingG.likeH.doI.actJaneGoodallisafamouswomanscientist,who__51___chimpanzees(黑猩猩)inAfricaformanyyears.Herresearchhelpspeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehave__52___humans.Nobodybeforehasfullyunderstoodchimpanzees’behavior.Janespentmanyyearsobservingand___53___theirdailyactivities.Shedidnotstudyatauniversitybutsheworkedwithanimalsintheir__54__environment.WhenshearrivedatGombe(贡贝在尼日尼亚)in1960，itwasusuallyforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstmonths,wassheallowedtobeginherproject.Atfirst,JanecouldnotgetclosetothechimpanzeesofGombe,butlittlebylittleshewasabletomoveclosertothechimpanzeesandwatchthem__55__withbinoculars(望远镜).Finally,Jane___56___veryclosetothechimpanzeesatGombe.Jane’spatienceandtrustwonthemover,andsheenjoyedadegreeofacceptance(接受度)thatwashardlydreamedpossible.Shesatamongthechimpanzees,andtheywouldgreetherasthey__57__eachotherwithatouchorakiss.Herworkhaschanged__58__peoplethinkaboutchimpanzees,andshehasbeenhelpingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeoftheseanimals.Perhapsmostsignificantly,Jane’sworkhasopenedawindowintotheworldofchimpanzeesforapublicwithastrongcuriosity(好奇心)，andithasprovedmoresuccessfulthananyonehaseverimagined.（7）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。A)moneyA)moneyB)fast C)alwaysD)good E)takenF)another G)and H)bad I)waitingforBrianraninCentralParkeverymorning.He51 tookafive-dollarbillwithhiminhispocket.Afterrunningheboughthimselfacupofcoffeeandahamburger.Oneday52 runnerknockedintohim.Forafewmomentshedidn'tthinkaboutit.Hefeltforhisfive-dollarbillinhispocket.Itwasn'tthere!Thatmanhad53 it!Themanwasonly30metersfaraway.Brianranafterhim,hithimandsaid,"Givemethe54!"Themansaid,"OK!Juststaycool!Takeiteasy!"ThenthemangaveBrianafive-dollarbill.Thenthemanranawayas55ashecould!中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第6页。Brianfeltreallygood56 rantotheshop.Heboughthimselfacoffeeanda中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第6页。hamburger.Thenheranhome.Hiswifewas57 him.Shesaid,"Oh,dear!You'vehadabadmorning,haven'tyou?""No!Why?I'vehadavery58 morning!""Really?Butyouleftyourfive-dollarbillonthetable!"（8）将下列单词词组填入空格。每空格填一词，每词只能填一次A.clothesB.leftC.thoughD.difficultE.parentF.readingG.happywithH.angryaboutI.cametrueMymotherwasahousewife.Shethoughtthatsuccessfulpeoplespentalotmoretime__51___thanwatchingTV.Sosheaskedmybrotherandmetoreadtwobookseveryweekinourfreetime.Shewouldcheckthemwithmarks,__52___shecouldn’treadthebooksatall.WhenIwenttoschool,IwasanA-student,butnotforlong.Iwantedcool__53___andhungoutwithfriends.IwentfrombeinganA-studenttoaC-student,butIdidn’tcare.Onenight,IcomplainedaboutnothavingenoughItalianT-shirts.Thenmymothergavemeallhermoney.ShesaidIcouldgetthemoney__54__tobuyshirtsifIfinishedbuyingallthingsthefamilyneeded.Iwasvery__55__that,butafterIboughtthosethings,therewasnomoneyleft.Igottoknowhow_56__itwasformymothertodoallthis.IwentbacktomystudiesandbecomeanA-studentagain.Finally,mydream__57__andIbecomeadoctor.Mystoryisreallymymother’sstory--awomanwithlittleeducationgreatlychangedmylifeasa__58__.So,Ibelievethereisnojobmoreimportantthanparenting.(9)将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。A.partB.realizeC.stationsD.ForexampleA.partB.realizeC.stationsD.ForexampleE.eventsF.unusualG.receiveH.alloverI.Inaddition

Hundredsofyearsago,newswascarriedfromplacetoplacebypeopleonfootorbyhorse.Ittookdays,weeksandsometimesmonthsforpeopleto___51___news.Nowitispossibletosendwordsandpicturesaroundtheworldinseconds.Billionsofpeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesoftheirowncountryand___52___theworldeveryday,eitherbywatchingTVorreadingnewspapers.Newspapershavebeenanimportant__53__ofeverydaylifesincethe18thcentury.Manycountrieshavehundredsofdifferentnewspapers.Howdonewspapereditorsdecidewhichnewsstoriestoprint?Whydotheyprintsomestoriesandnotothers?Whatmakesagoodnewspaperstory?中考英语选词填空专题全文共8页，当前为第7页。Firstly,itisimportanttoreportnewstories.TV__54__canreportnewsmuchfasterthannewspapers.Yet,newspapersgivemoreaboutth