2012年高考英语(江苏卷)word版及答案

绝密启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语注意事项：答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.2.Atwhattimewillthefilmbegin?A.7:20B.7:15.C.7:003.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheirfriendJane.B.Aweekendtrip.C.Aradioprogramme.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Catchatrain.B.Seethemanoff.C.Goshopping.5.Whydidthewomanapologize?A.Shemadealatedelivery.B.Shewenttothewrongplace.C.Shecouldn’ttakethecakeback.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhoseCDisbroken?A.Kathy’s.B.Mum’sC.Jack’s.7.Whatdoestheboypromisetodoforthegirl?A.BuyheranewCD.B.Dosomecleaning.C.Giveher10dollars.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthemanthinkofthemeal?A.Justso-so.B.Quitesatisfactory.C.Abitdisappointing.9.Whatwasthe15%onthebillpaidfor?A.Thefood.B.Thedrinks.C.Theservice.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthemanattheshop?A.Toorderacameraforhiswife.B.Tohaveacamerarepaired.C.Togetacamerachanged.11.Whatcolourdoesthemanwant?A.Pink.B.Black.C.Orange.12.Whatwillthemandoafterwards?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Waituntilfurthernotice.C.Comeagainthenextday.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.WhatwouldJoeprobablydoduringtheThanksgivingholiday?A.Gotoaplay.B.Stayathome.C.VisitKingston.14.WhatisArielgoingtodoinToronto?A.Attendaparty.B.Meetheraunt.C.Seeacarshow.15.WhyisArielinahurrytoleave?A.TOcallupBetty.B.TobuysomeDVDs.C.TopickupDaniel.16.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Fellowworkers.C.Guideandtourist.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WheredoesThomasManningwork?A.IntheGuinnessCompany.B.Ataradiostation.C.Inamuseum.18.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?A.Abird-shootingtrip.B.AvisittoEurope.C.Atelevisiontalkshow.19.WhendidSirHugh’sfirstbookofrecordsappear?A.In1875.B.In1950.C.In1955.20.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.B.Thefounderofthecompany.C.Theolderstpersonintheworld.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.–CanIhelpyouwithit?--Iappreciateyour_____,butIcanmanageitmyself.A.adviceB.questionC.offer D.idea22.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_____urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.who C.where D.what23.Sophiawaitedforareply,but_____came.A.eitherB.another C.neither D.none24.–Don’tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.--______!I’lltellDadthere’snothingserious.A.Whatarelief B.CongratulationsC.Howsurprising D.I’msosorry56.Accordingtothesurvey,peopleleftaloneonadesertislandwouldmostwanttheir_____.A.Mp3playerB.dogC.spouse/partnerD.celebrity57.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGeorgeClooney?A.Hehasbeentrainedinwildernesssurvival.B.Hemaynotbeabletohelpyousurvive.C.HedoesnotthinkRoseaneisbeautiful.D.HeisthechoiceofmostSouthAfricanwomen.58.Thesurveyresultsareanalyzedintermsoftherespondents’_______A.sex,ageandnationalityB.race,nationalityandsexC.marriage,ageandraceD.age,sexandmarriageB.DeputyAgricultureSecretaryKathleenMerriganseesanepidemic(流行病)sweepingacrossAmerica’sfarmland.Ithaslittletodowiththeusualchallenges,suchasflood,risingfuelpricesandcrop-eatinginsects.Thecountry’sfarmersaregettingolder,andtherearefewerpeoplestandinginlinetotaketheirplace.Nationalagriculturalcensus(普查)figuresshowthatthefastest-growinggroupoffarmersisthepartover65.Merriganisafraidtheaverageagewillbeevenhigherwhenthe2012statisticsarecompleted.Merrigan,aformercollegeprofessor,ismakingstopsatuniversitiesacrossthecountryinhopesofencouragingmorestudentstothinkaboutcareersinagriculture.AsidefromtryingtostopthegrayingofAmerica’sfarmers,herworkismadetougherbyarecentblogpostingthatputagricultureatNo.1onalistof“useless”collegedegrees.Topfederalagricultureofficialsaretalkingabouttheposting,andithastheattentionofagiruclturalorganizationsacrossthecountry.“Therecouldn’tbeanytingthat’smoreincorrect,”Merrigansaid.“Weknowthattherearen’tenoughqualifiedgraduatestofillthejobsthatareoutthereinAmericanagriculture.”Inaddition,agrowingworldpopulationthatsomeexpertspredictwillrequire70%morefoodproductionby2050,shesaid.“Itrulybelievewe’reatagoldenageofagriculture.Globaldemandisatanall-timerecordhigh,andglobalsuppliesareatall-timerecordlows,”saidMattRush,directoroftheTexasFarmBureau.“Productioncostsaregoingtobevaluableenoughthatyoungerperoplearegoingtohavetheopportunitytobeinvolvedinagriculture.”TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.TheNationalYoungFarmers’Coalitionhasalsobeenpushingforstateandfederalpolicychangestomakeiteasierfornewfarmers.RyanBest,presidentofFutureFarmersofAmerica,hasbeenlivingoutofasuitcase,travelingtheocuntryandvisitingwithhighschoolstudentsaboutcareersinagriculture.The21-year-oldBesthopeshismessage—thatthisisanewtimeinagriculture---willmotivatetheenxtgenerationtoturnaroundthestatistics.“Neverbeforehavewehadtheinnovations(创新)intechnologywhichhaveledtoagricultureinthiscountrybeingthemsotefficientithaseverbeen,”hesaid.“There’sreallyaplaceforeverybodytofitin.”59.WhatisthenewchallengetoAmericanagriculture?A.Fewerandolderfarmers.B.Higherfuelprices.C.MorenaturaldisastersD.Loweragriculturaloutput.60.WhyisMerriganvisitinguniversitiesacrossthecountry?A.Todrawfederalagricultureofficials’attention.B.Toselectqualifiedagriculturegraduates.C.Toclarifyarecentblogposting.D.Totalkmorestudentsintofarmingcareers.61.AccordingtoMattRush,Americanagriculturewillprovideopportunitiesforyoungerpeoplebecause______.A.thegovernmentwillcoverproductioncostsB.globalfoodsupplieswillbeevenlowerC.investmentinagriculturewillbeprofitableD.Americawillincreaseitsfoodexport62.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“toturnaroundthestatistics”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Tore-analyzetheresultofthenationalcensus.B.Toincreaseagriculturalproduction.C.Tobringdowntheaverageageoffarmers.D.Toinvestmoreinagriculture.C.Meddicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引发)thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks---burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCalifoniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR，近红外钱)onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofsuinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn’tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultraviolet(UV，紫外线)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichemansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)absorbNIRwellandgothourhchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUnviersityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitroberizyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat;sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainfocompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反应的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What’smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?A.TemperaturechangeB.NIRlight.C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.64.WhyisONBunsatisfactory?A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompetethefollowingprocessofchanges?BhcsabsorbNIR.Partofthecresolis______BhcsabsorbNIR.Partofthecresolis______Polymerbreaksdown.Drugisreleased.A.protectedB.formedC.exposedD.combinedD.FranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheax(斧子)forthefrozenseainsideus.”Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation.We’djustjinishedJohnSteinbeck’snovelOfMiceandMen.Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle,andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?”onegirlasked,asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook.“Iam,”Itoldher,“andthefunnythingisI’vereaditmanytimes.”Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen.Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I’vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves;kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill,thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate(命运).Forthelastsevenyers,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher,readingclassicworksoflieteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight.Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool---onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhatten’supperclasses---intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPH.D.’s.AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth.Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromthesxpectedpointofview.AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(独白)readasraps(说唱),butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbech’swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey’reallwhite.”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening.Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearaftryears,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests.Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextcomplexity.Yet,wecannotenrich(充实)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtextscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetranformativeandthatitbelongstothem.66.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto______.A.realizeourdreamsB.givesupporttoourlifeC.smoothawaydifficultiesD.awakeouremotions67.WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen?A.Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit.B.Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore.C.Becausetheycamefromapublicschool.D.Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.68.Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause____.A.shewasaliterary-mindedgirlB.herparentswereimmigrantsC.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclassD.herfatherwastheninprison69.Totheauthor’ssurprise,thestudentsreadthenovels______.A.creativelyBpassivelyC.repeatedlyD.carelessly70.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto________.A.introduceclassicworksofliteratureB.advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartC.argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD.defendthecurrenttestingsystem第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。“HappinessAdvantage”EffectInJuly2010Burt’sBees,apersonal-careproductscompany,wasgoingthroughenormouschangeasitbeganaglobalexpansioninto19newcountries.Inthiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswithfrequentmeetingsorflodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Indoingso,managerslifteveryone’sanxietylevel,whichactivatesthepartofthebrainthatprocessesthreatsandstealsresourcesfromtheprefrontalcortex(大脑皮层),whichisresponsibleforeffectiveproblemsolving.Burt’sBees’sthen-CEO,JohnWolfgang,tookadifferentapproach.Eachday,he’dsendoutane-mailpraisingateammemberforworkrelatedtoglobalmarketing.He’dinterrupthisownpresentationstoremindhismanagerstotalkwiththeirteamsaboutthecompany’svalues.Heaskedmetofurtherathree-hoursessionwithexmployeesonhappinessinthecourseoftheexpansionfeffort.Asonememberoftheseniorteamtoldmeayearlater,Wolfgang’semphasisondevelopingpositiveleadershipkepthismanagersactivelyinvolvedandloyalastheysuccessfullytranformedthecompanyintoaglobalone.Thatoutcomeshouldn’tsurpriseus.Researchshowsthatwhenpeopleworkwithapositivemind-set(思维模式),performanceonnearlyeverylevel---productivity,creativity,involvement---improves.Yethappinessisperhapsthemostmisunderstooddriverofperformance.Forone,mostpeoplebelievethatsuccesscomesbeforehappiness.“OnceIgetapromotion,I’llbehappy,”theythink.Or,“OnceIhitsalestarge,I’llfeelgreat.”Butbecausesuccessisamovingtarget—assoonasyouhityourtarget,youraiseitagain-----thehappinessthatresultsfromsuccessdoesnotlastlong.Infact,itworkstheotherwayaround:Peoplewhohaveapositivemind-setperformbetterinthefaceofchallenge.Icallthisthe“happinessadvantage”–everybusinessoutcomeshowsimprovementwhenthebrainispositive.I’veobservedthiseffectinmyroleasaresearcherandlecturerin48countriesontheconnectionbetweenemployeehappinessandsuccess.AndI’mnotalone:Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.Anothercommonmisunderstandingisthatourgenetics,ourenvironment,oracombinationofthetwodetermineshowhappyweare.Tobesure,bothfactorshaveanimpact.Butone’sgeneralsenseofwell-beingissurprisinglyunstable.Thehabitsyouform,thewayyouinteractwithcolleagues,howyouthinkaboutstress---allthesecanbemanagedt