Unit 4英语第四单元复习内容

Unit4PreviewListentotherecordingofthetextandthenfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.1) anaircrash;Washington;19822）terriblecrash;jetplane;WashingtonNationalAirport;bridge;Potomac;sank;inicy-coldwater;four;survivegreatdamageandlossoflife;special;tears;helicopterteam;topickupsurvivors;“themaninthewater”courageandnoblecharacter;nature;totheoccasionpride;themoralpower2. Readthetextforbettercomprehensionandanswerthequestions.1) Theunusualelementisthebridge,becausenormally,aircrashesdonotinvolveabridge.Note:Theword“element”heremeansfactororabasicpartofsthcomplicated..2) Cityofformandrulesmeansacitythatisshapelyorbeautifulandorderly,butitsuddenlyturnedintoitsoppositeandbecamechaotic,turnedintoastateofcompletedisorderandconfusion.Ablastofrealwinter:Blastmeansasuddenstrongmovementofwindorair.Thetwometalshererefertothebridgeandtheplane,bothofwhicharemadeofmetal.3) Fromthepointofviewofartisticbeauty,therewasalsoaclash,becausetheplanewasblueandgreen,theriverwasblack,andthechunksoficeweregrey.Perhapspeopledidnotseefailureinitatall.Theyonlysawthetriumphofhumannatureovertheelements.5)Herethehumannatureandnaturalpowersareinconflict.6）“Risetotheoccasion”:Dealsuccessfullywithaproblemorsituationthatisespeciallydifficult. “Gropingandstruggling”referstothefactthatnormallyitishumaninstincttogropeforsomethingtohangontoandstruggleforlife.7) Thesentencemeans“Threeoutofthefouracknowledgedheroes…,areabletoaccountfortheirbehavior.”“Accountfor”:giveasatisfactoryexplanation8) “inthelineofduty”:whileworking;whileonduty9)Skutnicaddedthatsomebodyhadtogointhewatersayingwhateveryherowouldsayunderthecircumstances,butalthoughthesentimenthasbeenrepeatedbymanyheroes,itisstilladmirable.10)Itmeansthemainreasonfortheemotionalimpactorthepersonwhocausedthegreatestemotionalimpact.11)“masscasualty”:agreatnumberofpeopleinjuredandkilledinanaccidentorbattle.Theword“mass”hereisanadjective,meaningaffectingalotofpeople.Alsomassmurder;masskillings;massdestruction;masshysteria;massprotest;massmovement.“commitment”: asenseofdutyandresponsibilityandadeterminationtoworkhardatit.12)Ashisnameremainedunknown,itmadehimasortofsymbol,asymbolofwhathumanbeingscandowhentheyareattheirbest.13)“listeningto…”isaparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofmanner,modifyingthepredicateofthemainclause“sitting”;“tell…”and“saying..”arebothpartofthecomplexobjectof“listeningto”;and“tofasten…”ispartofthecomplexobjectof“tell”.14)intheessential,classiccircumstance:inthemostbasicandtypicalcircumstance15)theage-oldbattlebetweenhumansandnature16)goateachother: fighteachotherviolentlyactondistinctions:actaccordingtothedistinctionbetweengoodandevil;actaccordingtomoralprinciples17)Itmeansthatwhenthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,inthesamewayheseemedtobealsosavingthelivesofthosewhowatchedhim,makingthemunderstandlife’struemeaning.18)“holdittoastandoff”: makenatureunabletowinthebattleimmediately 迫使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面，使它不能马上得逞。Vocabulary1.Dothefollowingexercisesonwordformationrules.1)Turnthefollowingintotheiroppositebyaddingin-orim-:incompetenceimmoralimpossibleincompleteimpersonalincredibleindirectimmovableimmortalimpoliteinformalimproperimpartialimpatientincorrectincapableinsignificantimpracticalimperfect;insensitiveimpermissibleimpenetrableindifferentimmovableinvisibleimmodestimmatureinvaluableinvariableimmeasurable2）Guessthemeaningofthefollowingsuffixes缺对于后缀的解释.缺对于后缀的解释(1) -ee Referee;employee;payee;divorcee;trainee (2) -eer volunteer;pioneer;engineer;profiteer; (3) -essStewardess;actress;conductress;tigress;lioness;duchess;countess;mistress;princess;hostess;3) Translatethefollowingexpressionspayingspecialattentiontothecompoundnounsinboldtypemadeofverbs+adverbs. 经济起飞 欢送会梦想复辟 可耻的出卖后续讨论 产品用后就扔的现代经济脸上涂脂抹粉化妆品用得太多 严重的精神崩溃给了个表示许可的信号 怀疑这是有意掩盖真相我们叫个外买吧 在那个军事接管以后给学生一些讲义 改革的好处这联盟最后的破裂 学校中途撤学的人第二天清晨仍能感觉酒后头昏18.出来参加投票的人不多2． Givetheoppositeofthefollowingwords.1) employerunfastenbad/evilunidentifiedconcerned/caring/interested/sympatheticimmovableimpersonalirresponsibleselfishnessindividual/personal/specific/privateshallowundressslightly/somewhat/inpartdenybridegroom3. TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish. 1) aircrashes/aircollisionandothernaturaldisasters 2) humannatureandcharacter 3) thetailsectionofajetplane 4) hugechunksofice 5) flotationring 6) fastentheseatbelt 7) culturalconflict /clash 8) Flight911 9) mechanicfailure 10) humantragedy 11) harshremarks 12)makeadistinctionbetweengoodandevil 13) presidentialmonuments 14) typical/classiccircumstance 15) universalcharacter 16) publichero 17) emotionalimpact 18) momentofhightraffic(peak) 19) enduringwonder 20) AirFlorida 21) CongressionalBudgetOffice22) masscasualties4. Completethesentenceswiththeexpressionslistedbelowintheirproperforms.referto;knownasinreality;asever;responsibleforbrought;totears;sticks4)worth;referto;Ontheotherhand;makeacarefuldistinctioncametotheconclusion;forthetakesoff;onbehalfoftobesure;careabout;risetotheoccasionresponsiblefor;accountfor5. Fillintheblankswithappropriateprepositionsoradverbs.to；ason;toto;ofon;in;underaccordingto;overwith;at;atagainst;for;toon;toon;toIn/Owingto/Becauseof;ofTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Thefactthathewasabletoavoidtheseeminglyinevitablecrashmadehimanationalhero.Ofthefourstudentswhoriskedtheirlivestotrytodragthedrowningchildrentoshore,twoneverreturned.TheJapaneseareknownfortheirlonglifespan.Theybelievetheyowethistotheireatinghabits/compositionoftheirdiet,whichcontainsalotoffishproducts.IknowHarris.Icouldn’timagineamanlikehimmakingsuchstupidremarks.Aftertestingherloyaltymanytimes,hewasnowgoingtogiveherthemostdangeroustask.IhearthatLincolndeliveredanextremelypowerfulspeechonthatoccasion.Whateverdidheactuallysay?Thatthistimetheymustbereadytochallengedeathwascleartoeverybody.Butnooneregrettedthismove.Asaccidentsgo/Asfarasaccidentsareconcerned,therewasnothingoutoftheordinary:acrazyyoungmandrivesacaronauniversitycampusandkillsayoungwomanstudent.Whatisunusualisthefactthatthemandarestochallengethepeoplewhowanttotakehimtocourtbecausehisfatherisalocalpoliceofficer.Everytime/Wheneverwedecideonafinancialpolicy,wehavetomakeacleardistinctionbetweenshort-terminterestsandlong-terminterests.AlthoughitwasearlyOctober,peoplecouldalreadybeseendrivingacrossthefrozenriver.GrammarLearntousetheappositiveclause.1.Studytheclausesintroducedbythatandsaywhichareappositiveclausesandwhicharetherelativeclauses.Explanatorynotes:Theappositiveclauseisonethatexplainsthemeaningofthepreviousnoun.The“noun+appositiveclause”functionsasanoun(phrase),andlikeanoun(phrase),itisusedassubject,objects,andpredicative.The“noun+appositiveclause”formisusedastheobjectofprepositionsandofverbsthatcannotbefollowedbyasimplethat-clause.Onlyasmallnumberofnounscanbefollowedbyanappositiveclause.Amongsuchverbsarefact,feeling,idea,news,opinion,order,suggestion.appositiveclauseinappositionto(与……同位)“thefact”relativeclausemodifying“thejets…”relativeclausemodifying“everyhero’sline”appositiveclauseinappositionto“thefact”appositiveclauseinappositionto“proof”relativeclausemodifying“something”appositiveclauseinappositionto“theconclusion”appositiveclausesinappositionto“thefact”2.Respondtoorrewriteeachoftheremarks,usinganappositiveclauseandthewordsinbrackets.Theboy’sfearthathewouldfailtheexaminationwastotallygroundless.Ihaveafeelingthatthefarmer’swifedoesn’tlikethewaysomeyoungpeoplebehave.Ayearaftertheplanecrash,thecouplestillclungtothehopethattheirsonwouldonedayreturnhome.Ithinkthepolice’sopinionthatthevictimwaspartlyresponsiblefortheftisridiculous.)Theinternationalcommunitywelcomesthenewsthatthetwocountrieshavedecidedtoreturntothenegotiatingtable.Alotofscientistsdon’tthinktheresultoftheirresearchisabsoluteproofthatglobalwarmingisn’treallyhappening.Teddecidedtojointheteam,forhecametotheconclusionthathehadmoretogainthanlose.Ourdepartmentheadseemstohaveacceptedthefactthatwomengenerallyhavebettercommunicationskills.Completeeachofthesentenceswithanindefinitepronounbeginningwithany/every/some/no,adding’sorelse(’s)wherenecessary.Usinganybody/anyone,somebody/someone,everybody/everyone,nobody/noone.1)anybody(usuallyinquestions)/somebody(whenyouexpecta“yes”answer2)anybodyelse’s3)Everybody4)everyone,Nobody5)nooneelse6)Noone7)anyone(inquestions)8)someoneelse9)Everyone,noone10)NobodyUsinganything,something,everything,nothing.1) everything 2) something(when“yes”isexpected)/anything3) nothing 4) something,anything5) something 6) nothing 7)anything 8)Something,anything9) something (10) nothingFillineachblankwithONEsuitableword. (1)made(2)while (3)scheduled (4)took (5)takeoff (6)by (7)But (8)dangerous (9)turn (10)SomethingTranslatethesentencesusinganappositiveclause.Thefactthatheissomebody’srelativewon’tchangeouropinionofhim.Thewivesoftheminerstrappedinthepitforthreedayswereoverjoyedbythenewsthattheirmenhadallbeenrescued.Wemustacceptthepossibilitythatwemightbewrong.There’slittlehopethatthepatientwillsurvive.Thefacultysharestheopinionthatthe