高考虚拟语气全解加例题答案

Grammar—theSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气第一页，共47页。1Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陈述(chénshù)语气祈使语气(yǔqì)虚拟语气英语(yīnɡyǔ)动词有种语气四第二页，共47页。2虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verbstructure),用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses)愿望(yuànwàng)(wishes)、建议(suggestion)或疑心(doubt)等等。ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood第三页，共47页。3虚拟语气的考点1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法(yònɡfǎ)；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法(yònɡfǎ)；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法(yònɡfǎ);5、虚拟语气时态的判定。第四页，共47页。4

与现在相反与过去相反与将来相反If从句(cónɡjù)主句(zhǔjù)did〔be用were)had

+donedid〔be用were)wereto+doshould+doWould＋do(should/could/might)Would/should/could/might+doWould＋have+

done(should/could/might)1.If引导的条件(tiáojiàn)状语从句〔1〕第五页，共47页。5Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.

IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.IfIwonthelottery

now,

Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

现在(xiànzài)事实相反过去事实(shìshí)相反将来事实(shìshí)相反第六页，共47页。6

Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.

A.wouldmeet

B.wouldhadmet

C.wouldhavemet

D.wouldhavemeet

高手(gāoshǒu)过招第七页，共47页。7IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.

A.hadhadB.havehad

C.hadD.wouldhavehad

Ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.

A.rainB.rains

C.hadrainedD.weretorain

第八页，共47页。8〔2.〕省略if的条件从句含有(hányǒu)were,had,should时，if可省略，were,had,should提前IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…

Should

hefailintheexperiment…第九页，共47页。9省略if的条件(tiáojiàn)从句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.

HadIfollowedyouradvice,…第十页，共47页。10〔3.〕用介词短语代替条件状语从句。含蓄(hánxù)条件句but

for〔要不是〕、without〔没有〕、otherwise〔否那么〕、or〔不然〕相当于ifitweren’t/hadn’tbeenfor..e.g.:Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Iwouldnothavesucceededbutforyourhelp.Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.第十一页，共47页。11〔4)有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同(bùtónɡ)的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同(bùtónɡ)而不同(bùtónɡ)，这叫做混合条件句。

e.g.:Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.

〔从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。〕

Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.第十二页，共47页。122.名词性从句的虚拟语气(1).Wish引导的宾语从句与现在

事实相反(xiāngfǎn)

：过去时〔were〕与过去事实相反(xiāngfǎn)：

had+过去分词与将来

事实相反(xiāngfǎn)

：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadn‘tdonethat.(do)IwishIwouldberichinthefuture.第十三页，共47页。13IwishI_____tohaveawordwithDannywhenhewasherelastweek.

hadbeenableshouldbeablehavebeenablewereable第十四页，共47页。14HowIwishI_____aswellasshe.shallsingcansingcouldsingshouldsing第十五页，共47页。15〔2)表示要求(yāoqiú),命令,建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持(jiānchí),两个命令,三个建议,四个要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire第十六页，共47页。16WesuggestedthatTom

havearest.Heinsisted

thatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequested

thatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.第十七页，共47页。17Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果suggest,insist不表示“建议〞或“坚持要某人做某事〞时，即它们(tāmen)用于其本意“暗示、说明〞、“坚持认为〞时，宾语从句用陈述语气。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright.第十八页，共47页。181.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent第十九页，共47页。19〔3〕在主语从句表语从句，同位语从句中的应用

1〕在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位从句中要用虚拟语气，即〔should〕+动词原形。demand(要求),desire(请求),requirment(要求)advice(劝告(quàngào)),recommendation(建议),suggestion(建议)order(命令)necessity(必要地),preference(优先)proposal(方案),plan(方案),idea(方法)，recommendation等。第二十页，共47页。20Thesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone．Theadviceisthatwe(should可省略(shěnglüè))leaveatonce.

Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.(idea,should+get)(表示做出主意)Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.

第二十一页，共47页。212〕在主语从句中Itisimportant/necessary/strange/nature/vital/desired/demandedapity/ashamethat…that引导(yǐndǎo)的从句中的谓语动词用should+v。Itisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.Itisnaturalthatshebetakengoodcareof.Itisimportantthatweshouldtakecareofthepatient.第二十二页，共47页。223.状语从句

1)as

if／as

though引导(yǐndǎo)的状语从句

as

if／as

though〔仿佛、好似〕引起方式状语从句，

a．一般过去时〔表示与现在事实相反〕

b．过去完成时〔表示与过去事实相反〕

c．would

＋do〔表示与将来事实相反〕

第二十三页，共47页。23Helooksasifhewerehisfather.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain.Note:如果句子表示的是陈述语气(yǔqì)，事实那么要用陈述语气(yǔqì)e.g.:Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainbecausetherearealotofdarkclouds.第二十四页，共47页。242)．lest／in

case

／for

fear

that引导的状语从句

lest〔以防、以免〕、in

case〔万一、以防〕、for

fear

that〔因恐、免得〕引起的状语从句中，谓语动词(dòngcí)要使用〔should〕＋do的形式。

The

old

woman

walked

slowly

lest

she〔should〕slip．Hetookenoughmoneyforfearthatunexpectedthingsshouldhappen.Hestartedoutearlierlestheshouldbelate.第二十五页，共47页。254.定语从句It’s(about/high)time+从句，表示“该做而未做的事〞,是一种婉转的建议,从句中的动词(dòngcí)用一般过去时，或should+doItishightimewebegantowork.We’veenjoyedtheevening,butit’stimewewenthome.It’sabouttimetheboylearnedtobehavehimself.第二十六页，共47页。26虚拟语气特殊(tèshū)句型：5.ifonly

现在：过去(guòqù)：未来：did〔were〕haddonewoulddo

IfonlyI

knewhisname!Ifonlywe

hadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!第二十七页，共47页。276.wouldratherthat现在(xiànzài)：过去：未来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.diddidhaddone第二十八页，共47页。281.Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there___nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow,we___earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived第二十九页，共47页。291.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastoldDB第三十页，共47页。30判断(pànduàn)是否虚拟2.判断(pànduàn)虚拟类型3.判断虚拟(xūnǐ)时间Pass!虚拟语气应试对策第三十一页，共47页。311.Ifhehadnotlosthismoney,he___thepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.boughtD.couldhavebought2.Ifweweretobe200yearsold,we___everything.A.willchangeB.canchangeC.couldchangeD.changedPractise第三十二页，共47页。323.Ifyou__thatfilmlastnight,youwouldnotbesosleepynow.A.didn’tseeB.haven’tseenC.wouldn’tseenD.hadn’tseen第三十三页，共47页。334.Youarelate.Ifyou__alittleminutesearlier,you__him.A.came,wouldmeetB.hadcome,wouldhavemetC.came,wouldhavemetD.weretocome,wouldmeet第三十四页，共47页。345.Butforthestorm,we__apleasantjourney.A.shouldhaveB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.shouldhavehad6.___todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI第三十五页，共47页。357.Withoutthecomputer,theproblem__insuchashorttime.A.couldn’tbesolvedB.wouldn’thavesolvedC.couldn’thavebeensolved第三十六页，共47页。368.Withoutelectricity,humanlife__quitedifferenttoday.A.willbeB.weretobeC.wouldbeD.is第三十七页，共47页。379.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_______youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,〞Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.haverealizedB.realizedC.realizeD.hadrealized第三十八页，共47页。3810.IwishI____longernextmorning,butIhavetogetupandcometoclass.A.couldsleepB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.hadslept第三十九页，共47页。3911.Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish12Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould第四十页，共47页。4013.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.

A.notwent

B.won'tgo

C.notgo

D.nottogo

第四