雅思小作文写作技巧与应注意事项

雅思小作文写作技巧与应考前须知雅思小写作技巧与应考前须知1。试卷发下后，请花半分钟的时间来浏览作文的题目，这里包括议在内。2。此后，请看第一局部的题目，明确以下几点1)属于什么题型的图表，是一个曲线图，一个饼图，一表格，一个流程图还是一个物体以及其他类型的图表2)是一幅图还是两幅或者是以上的图3)时间、字数以及其他的要求3。用5分钟的时间分析并形成以下的内容1)注意不同类型图表的技巧(包括时态、语态、关键描述词语与句型)2)划出并分析题目中的关键内容，分析图表中的关键特征点(依据各种图表的特点来决定)3)考虑结构(开头引言，描述特征，可能总结)注意以下开头不能与文章已经给出的东西一样，用自己语言表达；描述关键以及有代表性的点或者是趋势；在语法与句法正确的基础上，力求用不同的句型组合(如简单句，复合句，定语/表语/宾语/非谓语从句)，用近意词语；正确表达文章所给；在可能的情况下做简单的总结；不要发表有个人或者是评论性的句子；标点符号，单词的拼写应该正确；4。书写的时候注意流利与工整，采用现代式的书写格式5。留出一定时间检查，保持卷面的整洁技巧性套句()开头句型(用简单的句子给出尽可能多的信息WHEN，WHAT，WHERE，有特色。)一般有两种，一种是主动一种是被动。1)Thechart/graph/table/diagram/process(show,reveal,illustrate,demonstrate,depict,describe,indicate)2)Aordingto/Ascanbeseenfrom/Asshownin/Itisclear/apparentfrom/Itcanbeseenfrom结尾句型(如果没有可以充分说的，可以不用结尾。结尾不要节外生枝。最好不要出现很明显有结尾特征的词语“inconclusion”)中间关键句型————☆要注意认真审查题目，弄清楚要描述的数据究竟代表什么，单位是什么，用什么方式表达。OBJECT(描述物体)注意点：要明确以一定的顺序来写。从左到右或者是从上到下，从内到外(根据物体自己的特点)等等。把题目中给出的部件详细描述。(如202的自行车)句型：介绍功能Theillustrationisofa_______whichisdesignedto(dosomething)说明构成局部A______ismadeupof/consistsof/prisesHowmany?Anumberofparts/sections描述各个部件功能不要用you,one可以用we,theoperator(单数个体)First,(thecyclist)putshisorher_____onthe____要有一定的顺序，不要将每个局部单独写出，应该将能够合并的一起结合，注意用以下句型(被动态，定语从句，非谓语动词)要用关联词PIECHART(饼图)注意点：1)文字中要表达出总量与分量的关系，在两个以上的PIE中，要注意各个PIE间的比拟2)数据究竟代表什么应清楚语言点：1)percentage/proportion2)(v.)makeup/constitute/aountfor3)①thebiggestdifferencebetween2group(A+B)isin…,whereAmakesup5%whileBconstitutes67%thehighestpercentageofA,whichwasapproximately12%②thepercentageofAin…..ismorethantwicethatofB,theratiois67%to45%(0paredto0)③in…,whileagreaterpercentageofAthanBarefoundin…….(theformeris0andthelatteris0)④therearemoreAin……,reaching0,paredwith0ofB⑤A,whichusedtobethe……..,hasbeelessimportant,whichdeclined(increased)sharplyfrom0in1978toonly0in1998.⑥Thebiggestlosswasto某区域.ThebiggestgainsinAweremadeby某区域.FLOWCHART(曲线图)注意点：1)抓住“变化”和“趋势”2)有两种情况其一是在不同时间段内的数据比拟，另外是单独数据的全程描述。前者适合于数据代表的物体较少且时间界限明确的情况下，后者适合于描述数据对象很多且时间划定不清晰。当然依据考试中的题目来决定。语言点：1)变化状态幅度词(要依据描述的情况决定)轻微-----slightly,slowly(速度),steadily(平缓)逐渐----gradually显著-----significantly,markedly急剧-----rapidly,dramatically,abruptly,sharply突然---suddenly趋势---trendinclinationtendacy2)变量幅度词语★增加-----increase,jump,goup,rise,climb,ascend,levelup,surge,★减少----decrease,drop,godown,fall,----,descend,leveldown,★水平----keep/stay/remain/maintainstable,----steady,besimilarto,thereislittle/hardlyany/nochange★最高-----reachahighestpoint/thetop/thesummit/thepeak/themost/peakin,at★最低-----reachalowestpoint/thebottom//rock/hitatrough/bottomout★交叉-----correspondwithin----year;---crossingthelinefor-----3)时间幅度词语Duringtheperiod1970—1999;From1970to1999;Sincetheearly1970s;In1970------thenin1980-----tenyearslater4)基本句型Therewas变化趋势inthenumberofAfrom1986-1990(overnext…..yeas),whichwasfollowedby变化趋势andthen变化趋势until1998whentherewas变化趋势forthenext….yearsFrom1990onwards,therewas变化趋势inthenumberofAwhichthen变化趋势at0in1994.In1990,thenumberreached(was)0,but30yearslatertherewas变化趋势.After变化趋势from…to…,Abegin变化趋势overthenext….years.Thenumberof…increasedrapidlyfrom1988to1990duringthefive-yearperiod〓Therewasarapidincreasefrom1988to1990duringthefive-yearperiodAhasalmost/nearly/about/overaquarter/half/twice/onethird/asmanystudentsas/asmuchmoneyas/B;Ahasabout/approximately/exactly/preciselythesamenumber/proportion/amountofstudents/moneyas…..Ithasreachedsomethingofaplateau,Xpercent/anaverageofXhe3yearsspanningfrom1995through1998...thepercentageof...issightlylarger/smallerthanthatof.....thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof.....decreasedyearbyyearwhile...increasedsteadily....hereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof..(year)witnessed/sawasharprisein.....ahassomethinginmonwithb/thedifferencebetweenaandbliesin..柱状图(Barchart)注意点：1)柱图主要是陈列的数据比拟多，不能将所有的信息写出，只能抓住重点与关键点来写(这些点可以是最大、小值；最高、低值；差距最大最小点等等)都需要结合题目来分析，对于一些点的特征具有相似性应该采用统一合并的方法，不能每有项都列出。2)应该根据一定的顺序来写，否那么会因逻辑不合理而失分语言点：1)一般是以比拟极与最高级的句子形式出现如Lowineconsumedmorehamburghersthanothergroup(=morethanother/group/onhamburghers),spendingmorethantwice/asmuchashamburghersthanFCandPizza(bothabout40%)Highinefavouredpizza,spenting0,followedbyFCat0,thenhamburgherat0.Highineappeartolessthanother/group/onhamburghers,pizzaremaintheirmostpopularfast-food,followedbyFC.In1975,among3oftheworld’slargestcities,SanPaulohadthehighestpopulation(about0.5billion),and……isthesecondhighest(about…..)……hadthelowestpopulation(about….).Asaresultin1990,thenumberof….appearsthelargestpopulation,closelyfollowedby…,then…….at……Thetablebelowshowsthefiguresforimprisonmentin3countriesbetween1930-1960ingreatBritain,thenumbersinprisonhasincreasedfrom….in1930to….in1940,apartfromin1950whenthenumbersinprisonfellby….Ontheotherhand,NewZealandandAustraliaaretheonlytwocountriesinwhichthenumbersinprisonremainsteadyfrom1930-1960,althoughtherehavebeenslightlyfluctuationsinthistrend.Intheperiod1975to1990,allcitiesshowedagrowth,TokyoandNewyorkhadbyfarthelargestincrease(about…..).sanPaulohadthesmallestgrowth(about…)Therewerenofiguresgivenformalepart-timeworkers.Inunemployedgroup,menenjoyedmoreleisuretime---over80%,paredwith40%forwomen(同一群体的比拟),markedlymorethanwomeninretiredgroup(不同群体的比拟).表格/统计图(Tablechart)注意点：1)同柱状一样对数据间的变化与特殊显著数据的描写要求很高2)选择好顺序流程图(FlowChart)注意点：1)与物体、地图的描述一样，保持相同的作题原那么2)一定要按照顺序来说明3)明确图片上要求说明的内容是什么，不要随意编造IELTS套句式写作大全第一局部：TASK1图表写作套句精选1.thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberof...overtheperiodfrom...to...该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。2.thebarchartillustratesthat...该柱状图展示了...3.thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding...该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。4.thediagramshows(that)...该图向我们展示了...5.thepiegraphdepicts(that)....该圆形图揭示了...6.thisisacuregraphwhichdescribesthetrendof...这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。7.thefigures/statisticsshow(that)...数据（字）说明...8.thetreediagramrevealshow...该树型图向我们揭示了如何...9.thedata/statisticsshow(that)...该数据（字）可以这样理解...10.thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat...这些数据资料令我们得出结论...11.asisshown/demonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/table...如下图...12.aordingtothechart/figures...根据这些表（数字）...13.asisshowninthetable...如表格所示...14.ascanbeseenfromthediagram,greatchangeshavetakenplacein...从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。15.fromthetable/chart/diagram/figure,wecanseeclearlythat...oritisclear/apparentfromthechartthat...从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到...16.thisisagraphwhichillustrates...这个图表向我们展示了...17.thistableshowsthechangingproportionofa&bfrom...to...该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。18.thegraph,presentedinapiechart,showsthegeneraltrendin...该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。19.thisisacolumnchartshowing...这是个柱型图，描述了...20.ascanbeseenfromthegraph,thetwocurvesshowtheflutuationof...如下图，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。21.overtheperiodfrom...to...the...remainedlevel.在...至...期间，...基本不变。22.intheyearbetween...and...在...年到...期间...23.inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through1998...1995年至1998三年里...24.fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards...从那时起...25.thenumberof...remainedsteady/stablefrom(month/year)to(month/year)....月(年)至...月（年)...的数量基本不变。26.thenumbersharplywentupto...数字急剧上升至...27.thepercentageof...stayedthesamebetween...and......至...期间...的比率维持不变。28.thefigurespeakedat...in(month/year)...的数目在...月（年）到达顶点，为...29.thepercentageremainedsteadyat...比率维持在...30.thepercentageof...issightlylarger/smallerthanthatof......的比例比...的比例略高（低）。31.thereisnotagreatdealofdifferencebetween...and......与...的区别不大。32.thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof...该图表说明...的数目增长了三倍。33....decreasedyearbyyearwhile...increasedsteadily....逐年减少，而...逐步上升。34.thesituationreachedapeak(ahighpointat)of[%]....的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为...百分点。35.thefigures/situationbottomedoutin...数字（情况）在...到达底部。36.thefiguresreachedthebottom/alowpoint/hitatrough.数字（情况）到达底部（低谷）。37.ais...timesasmuch/manyasb.a是b的...倍。38.aincreasedby...a增长了...39.aincreasedto...a增长到...40.high/low/great/small/percentage.比低高（低）41.thereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof......数字呈上升趋势。42.aconsiderableincrease/decreaseourredfrom...to......到...发生急剧上升。43.from...to...therateofdecreaseslowdown.从...到...，下降速率减慢。44.fromthisyearon，therewasagradualdeclinelreductionfigureof...从这年起，...逐渐下降至...45.besimilarto...与...相似46.bethesameas...与...相同47.therearealotsimilarities/differencesbetween...and......与...之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.ahassomethinginmonwithba于b有共同之处。49.thedifferencebetweenaandbliesin...a与b之间的差异在于...50...(year)witnessed/sawasharprisein......年...急剧上升。第二局部：Task1写作常识一、图形种类及概述法：泛指一份数据图表：adatagraph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：piechart直方图或柱形图：barchart/histogram趋势曲线图：linechart/curvediagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flowchart/sequencediagram程序图：processing/proceduresdiagram以下是一些较常用的描述用法Thetable/chartdiagram/graphshows(that)Aordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graphAs(is)showninthetable/chartdiagram/graphAscanbeseenfromthetable/chart/diagram/graph/figures,figures/statisticsshows(that)...Itcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsWecanseefromthefigures/statisticsItisclearfromthefigures/statisticsItisapparentfromthefigures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graphfigures(that)...table/chart/diagram/graphshows/describes/illustrateshowinthe...,reachinga......阅卷考官经常是不会看那些图表的，因此文章必须逻辑清晰，如果描述得能令人在脑海里勾画出那个datachart，这篇task1无疑会到达8分的水平。开篇的第一句话可以是一句高度概括性的introduction（当然开门见山直接描述也是一种写法）；这样做不仅使文章更趋于完美，而且可以到达凑字数的目的（但不要照抄题目，除非时间相当紧迫）。接下来另起一段开始进行描述（根据实际情况1-2段），这当中经常要连续使用非限定性定于从句，从而使得描述过程流畅、清晰。最后也可再另起一段进行简短的综述（并非必须）。上述的任何一个步骤都要遵循依据现有data进行客观描述的原那么，任何推测性或议论性的内容写得再多、再精彩不仅不会加分，而且还会成为扣分的因素。二、data的具体表达法data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixedintime在一系列的时间段中转变：changesovertime持续变化的data在不同情况下:增加：increase/raise/rise/goup...减少：decrease/growdown/drop/fall...波动：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave...稳定：remainstable/stabilize/leveloff...最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverbform）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Nounform）1.Verb+AdverbformThenumberofXXX+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...+from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)2.Adjective+NounformTherewasa(very)sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation（注意：上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation）+inthenumberofXXXfrom(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)描述稳定的data：ThenumberofXXXremainedsteady/stablefrom(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)ThenumberofXXXstayedthesamefrom(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)Therewaslittlechange/hardlyanychange/nochangeinthenumberofXXXfromfrom(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)描述不同状态的dataNounform:steadydrop/sharprisepeak/dramaticfall/sharpdropVerbalform:(to)bottomout/(to)reachthebottom/(to)increasegradually/(to)reachaplateau/(to)remainsteady描述thehighestpoint以及thelowestpoint高点极值：Themonthlyprofit/Thefigures/Thesituation...+peakedin(月份/年)<准确时间点用atXXX>atXXX%/XXX(极点data)或者reachedapeak/ahighpointatXXX%/XXX(极点data)低点极值：XXXbottomedout/reached+rock/thebottom/alowpoint或者hitatrough此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctionalwords/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下：并列：aswellas(句首/中),also,aswell(句尾),either,neither,too,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,additionally,besides,what'smore,apartfrom...举例：forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,asanillustration,inparticular,particularly,especially事实：asamatteroffact,infact,actually,aslongas,solongas...雷同/近似：similarly,likewise(句首/尾),atthesametime,equally...转折：however,whereas,nevertheless,noheless,though,although,eventhough,while,yet,onthecontrary,contrarily,incontrast,conversely,ontheotherhand,unlikely,instead(of),inspiteof,despiteof...原因与结果1.cause-suggestion(几乎不常用)since/nowthat...;Ihopethat...becauseof/onaountof/owingto/thanksto+(doing)sth,Ihopethat...2.cause-effect(较常用)XXXleadto/bringabout/resultin/aountfor...(一个句子),therefore/thus/hence/asaresult/consequently/(and)so...3.effect-cause(较常用)XXXbecausedby/resultfrom/betheresultof/betheeffectof/betheconsequenceof...(一个句子),because...itisadj.that...itisunimaginablethat...itisundeniablethat...itisinterestingtodiscoverthat...三、其它相关常用词（组）1.主章开头图表类型：table;chart;diagram;graph;columnchart;piegraph描述：show;describe;illustrate;canbeseenfrom;clear;apparent;reveal;represent内容：figure;statistic;number;percentage;proportion2.表示数据一般：have10%;at10%;over10%最高（低）点：peaked;reachedapeak/highpointbottomedout;reachedthebottom变化：recover略有回升；increase;jump;rise/rose;climbdecrease;fall/fell;drop;decline;reducefluctuate浮动，摇摆不定remainedsteady/stable;staythesame;little/hardlyany/nochange变化程度：sudden/suddenly突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的表示范围：fromXXXtoXXX;betweenXXXandXXX;forXXXtoXXX多长时间直到表示程度：almostadv.几乎，差不多nearlyadv.几乎，密切地approximatelyadv.近似的，大约aboutadv.附近，大约，转向，左右，周围justover刚超过overadv.结束，越过，从头到尾exactlyadv.正确地，严密地preciselyadv.正好精确地；清晰地比例：20percent20%oneinthree1/3oneoutofeveryfour1/43.其它在描述中的常用到的词significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋势duringthesameperiod在同一时期grow/grew增长distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地pronounced明显的average平均nodoubt无疑地correspondingadj.相应的，通讯的representvt.阐述，表现overall总体上讲except除外inthecaseofadv.在...的情况下intermsof/inrespectof/regarding在...方面incontrast相反，大不相同inconclusionadv.最后，总之inparison相比之下inverselyadv.相反地，倒转地in