人教版高中英语必修

4/实现theachievement发起:一场战役:starta (Huaihai举止 使举止规矩：behaveintheshapeput+nintheshadefrom/against光线来源Shade(阴凉处)------shadow(阴暗处，)出发：moveoff=setoff=set观察做某事：observesb ngargue指说理-----quarrel说服做某事:arguesb ngsth--------arguesbout ng就某事与争执:arguewithsbabout支持…:arguefor--------argueagainst ng)过着一种…的生活lead/livealife14….涌入心头:crowdin(onsb)支持做某事:surrpotsbin ng)支持…:insupportof…=infavour支持:supportsb=give/lend/offer/providesupportto轻视…:lookdownon 钦佩:lookup到处看看:lookabout退缩,停滞:look回忆起…:lookbackB中期待A:lookforAin顺便拜访:lookin顺便到某处看看:lookin e某事:lookinto展望未来:look把…看作…:lookonas…=referto参考:referto…=turnto…=look谈到:refer涉及:referto…=beconcerned发 e eacross ewinter+N一起 e 出 ealong(with+N)(主动变化不 eand向冲去 e了 eat+n=know39.比…重要:comebefore+n=bemoreimportant被提 ebefore=behanded ebetween+Nebetween+N阻 e44.记起…comebacktosb)45.重新流行:sthcome得 eby+n倒 e脱离举 e喜欢…:carefor…=bekneeon…=takedelightin…=beinto…=goin照顾...:carefor…=seeto…=attend打算让做某事:intendsbforsth=intendsbtodo为了做…:beintendedtodosth=beintended被用作…:beintended本打算做…;hadintended=intendtohave 考虑到…:take…into作为…的回报:inconsiderationof….=in 生下…;givebirthto…=bedelivered递送…给…:deliversthtosb=passsthto共有:in与…一样incommon不平常的,非凡的:outof有很多共同之处:havealot/muchincommon没有很多共同之处:havelittle/notmuchincommon有共同之处:havesthin没有共同之处:havenothingin:putsbtodeath=sentencesbto把:beatsbto鼓励做某事:inspiresbtodo=encouragesbto实施…:carry继续做某事:carryon ng/with)使渡过难关;carry几乎:asgood给…准备…:preparesbsth=preparesthfor准备对…谦虚:bemodestonly+介词短语、状语,;放名首时,用部分倒装 inspired受到鼓舞的,inspiring受到…的鼓舞:beinspired主谓一致引号中的词或句子=1“they”看数量词的量词短语:apairofshoes=1,aseriesof…The+adj>2,the+语言=1集体名词:指物=1;指人>2none,neitherof+n=1;>2分数或百分数+of+n不=1:+Ns>2The+nandn=1Every,each,no,manya+nandEvery,each,no,many:A+aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,but,besides,like,including,with,togetherwith,alongwith+B,要看A部分的主语 +N单+or oneortwo+N复manya+N单 morethanone+N单oneandahalf+N复strugglefor…为。而strugglewith/against…与…作strugglewith 与…并肩sruggletodosth expand面积扩张,extendridAofB:使A摆脱Bgetridof:摆脱…beridof+对象:摆脱…besatisfiedwith…=becontentwith…:对…对…表示满意expressone’ssatisfaction满意地:withwouldrather+…did现在,过去虚拟…haddone(过去虚拟preferthat+句子(虚拟句式;Ved/should)+V原后悔做某事:regretng遗憾去做某事:regrettodo建立:buildup=set增强的体质:buildsb增强…:build导致做..:leadto引导做…:leadsbtong使得出…leadsbto集中注意…:focus减少到…:reduce减少了:…reduce…沦落为bereducedtoreduce保护…免受…:keep…fromngsth=keep ofng=prevent/stopsb(from)ng sbfromng对…作出评论:makecommentson/about+无可奉告:No未做任何解释:without用…装备:equipsbwithsth=sbbeequippedwith为…而装备:equipsbfor+目怀有…的withthehope/purpose/aim/intention把希望寄托在…上:layone’shope把A与B:confuseAwith/and对…造成损失:cause/dodamageto+影响/侵袭…:affect作主语Seeingis(It’s…的句式It’sfunny/useless/worthwhile ngsthIt’snogood/nouse/no ngIt’sawasteoftimeng作宾语固定动词后+Ving:resistdenyadmit,escape,preventdelay,forgive,appreciate,riskAdvice,suggest,imagine,forbid,can’tstand,avoid,contributeto,getdownto,stickto,leadto,devoteoneselfto…既可加ing且todo:allow,advise,forbid,permit,regret,mean todo/ng用主动表:sthneed/want/require ng=sthneed/want/requiretobedone复合结构:逻辑主语:sb’sng/宾格 否定句:只在Ving前 :Jack’snot直到现在:uptonow=uptillnow=tillnow=until目前:for使满足于…:contentoneself对…感到满足:bewellcontent乐于做…;becontenttodo缺少的badly缺少..:bebadlyoff用…宴请:entertainsbto用…使人快乐:entertainsbwith挑出:pick分辨出:pickout=make:pick切断,砍下:cut断绝:cut疾病使人:…cutsb使相信某事：convincesbof说服做某事：convincesbtodo指导做某事：directsbtodo给指去。的路：show/directsbtostar把某事悄悄告诉：whispersthto在耳旁小声说：whispersthinone’s据传闻：It’swhispered低声说：speakinawhisperinwhispers=inalow一团糟，处于困境中：beina弄乱：makeareacton…30reacton…反抗：reactbedruck因某事面惊讶;sbbeastonishedatsth=astionishsbwith/by厌烦做…:beboredwith(ng)烦透了:beboredto对…乐观:optimismfor/about乐观地:withbeparticular有一次;onone偶尔：on决不：onno趁机做某事:takeoccasiontodo在某事发生的时候：ontheoccasion自娱自乐：amuseoneselfbyng因做某事而逗乐：amusesbtodosth=amusesbat作为。的解释：inexntionof/for…slide-glide平稳而顺畅地滑（溜冰slip不由自主地滑（摔倒Ving表示用途和性能：--- Ving+nAswimmingpool areadingroomAflyingbird awaitingcarVing可以替代“定语从句”（简化）放在句词后面 n+Ving..Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor=Whoisthemanstandingbythe1:Ving2：作定语时，VingThehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin=Thehousewhichstandsatcornerofthestreetwasbuiltin3：作定语时，Ving限制性：Allmybrotherslivinginshanghaiare非限制性：Allmybrotherslivinginshanghai,areHereis LicomingfromBeijingX表状态不用进行时改：Hereis Liwho fromThemangivingusalecturelastweekleftforshenzhenthismorning(X)(Ving只表进行时，没有过去式)改：ThemanwhogaveusalecturelastweekleftforshenzhenthisThosehavingfinishedtheirworkcangohomenow(X)(完成时，不做定语改：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirworkcangohome4：作定语时，从句动词不能比V（但时间差不明显时可以用Unit代表,象征:represent向描绘:representsthto自称是…:representoneselfto做某事的方法anapproachto…以抵抗…:…使免受…:defend很可能…:belikely总的来说:ingeneral=onthe大体上:generallyspeaking=asageneralrule=inageneral总之:allinall=inaword=in自由自在;at丢脸:lose挽回面子:saveone’s直视:looksbinthe转身背对:turnone’sback对…充耳不闻:turnadeafear对…:closeone’seyes轻视:turnone’snoseupat…=lookdown用…向打招呼:greetsbwith对…作出反应:greetAwith与…有关联haveno)association与…联合:inassociation主要研究…:majoron主修..:major冲进:dash冲出:dashout把某物撞击在…上dashsthagainst/on/to冲过:dash在紧要关头:ata把…误解为…:misread起重要作用:performanimportant履行不同职责:performdifferent势:makeagesture向…势:gesture势示意做某事:gestureforsbtodo世世代代:fromageto挨家挨户:fromhouseto口头相传:frommouthto达成协议:reach/makean遵守协议:keepan破坏协议:breakan对…尊敬:berespectfulto拥抱…:hug+n=givesba如果是这样的话:if如果有的话:ifanything=if要是有的话:if如果不是这样的话:if如果有必要:if如果有可能:if与…交流:communicate与…相通:communicate把…传染给:communicatesthtoVing作状语时,(简化)Ving有时态性主动时态WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.(时间状语从句改Walkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendof原句有连词时,(when,but,and,because,if,while,though,as,unless,evenif/though,whether)用原来当原句动词为主动做时,用Ving,用Vpp.(主,从主语一致完成式:havingdoneVing动作比V谓更早发生;Ving>V谓Becausehehadsmokedtoomuch,Tomhassufferedfromlungcancer.(原因状语从句改=Havingsmokedtoomuch,Tomhassufferedfromlung3;Havingdone形式?首先:-ing表示主动在做.第二:hadsmokedhassuffered.VingV谓更早发生;Ving>V谓)Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.(条件状语从句)改=(If)workinghardatyourlessons,youareto IstoodbythedoorandIdidn’tdaretosayaword.(并列句改Istoodbythedoornotdaringtosayaword.(方式或伴随状语AlthoughIknowallthis,Istillwanttoseeitformyself.(让步状语改Althoughknowingallthis,IstillwanttoseeitforFootballisyedallovertheworld,makingitapopularsport.(结果状语Iwokeupinthemorning,tofindtheoutsideworldgreatlychanged.(结果状语4:VingTodo表示出乎意料的结果,Judging frankly allyspeaking就个人而言 providing如果 ,considering考虑到Consideringthetime,wehavedecidedtostartearlytomorrowmorning.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromArbiancountries.allyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedin turethanVing的语态性主动 beingHaving havingbeenHavingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.Shownthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(此句确)但第一句,用-ing的,表示时间差很多,(show>werehappy)第二句,用VPP的,表示时间相差无久(show=werehappy)记住:beendone的形式,done.Unit1….的:thetheme被所知道:beknown/famousto+在…地方出名:befamousin不足为奇:nowonderIt’snowonder保护免受…:preservesb ng根据B模仿A:modelAafter/onB=Abemodelled 以…为榜样:modeloneselfon少数的…:ami