河北省深州市20202021学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

河北省深州市长江中学2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）考试时间：150分钟；总分：150第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatdoesthemanwant?A.AbananaB.SomenutsC.ApearWhatdoesthemanwanttoget?A.computerB.SomebeersC.SomecigarettesWheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.IncinemaB.InarestaurantC.InashopWhatmaythewomanbuyforherdad?A.AtieB.AT-shinC.ApairofshoesHowcanthemangettothenearesthospital?A.TakingaT-9B.WalkingtwoblocksC.TakingaT-15第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.PickupherparentsB.VisithergrandmaC.GotoaconcertWhenistheman'sgrandmacoming?A.OnSaturdayB.OnWednesdayC.OnThursday请听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。Whereisthewomannow?A.AthomeB.InherstoreC.Inahospital【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“butcomplainingaboutthemsomuchonlymakesusblindtothefactthattherearethemiracles（奇迹）whichhappenarounduseachday.”可知，过多的抱怨只会导致我们看不到每天我们身边发生的奇迹，即：忽视好的东西，故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线句前的“Ifyouhavearoofoveryourhead,someproperclothestowear,enoughfoodonthetable,acomfortableplacetosleeping,cleanwatertodrinkandyouarefreetomakeyourownchoices,thenyoushouldbehappyandgrateful.可知，如果你有住的地方，一些合适的衣服穿，桌子上有足够的食物，一个舒适的地方睡觉，干净的水喝，你可以自由地做出自己的选择，那么你应该快乐和感激，此处与之对比，世界上有许多人，特别是那些在战争中的人或那些非常贫穷的国家的人都渴望你现在所拥有的生活。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后——段“Evenifyouloseallyourmoneyorpossessionsandyourheartisbrokenforsomereason,aslongasyouarestillalive,theneverythingyouhavelostcanberegained.Ifyouhaveafewgoodfriendswhowillbetheretosupportorhelpyou,thenyouwillbegladbecausetruefriendsarehardtofind.Aslongasyouhavesomeonetoloveandsomeonetoloveyouback,thenyouareaveryfortunateperson.Remembertobepatientandtrustthatthingswillgetbetter."（即使你失去了所有的金钱和财产，因为某种原因而心碎，只要你还活着，那么你失去的一切都可以挽回。如果你有几个好朋友会在那里支持或帮助你，那么你会很高兴，因为真正的朋友很难找到。只要你有爱的人，也有爱你的人，那么你就是一个非常幸运的人。记住要有耐心，相信事情会好起来的）可知，作者写这篇文章是想告诉我们面对困难时，永远不要放弃，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Boosting（促进）yourBrainPowerWhohasn,twishedthattheywerejustalittlesmarter?Maybeyou'reinschoolandjustwanttogetabettergradeonatest.16Herearesomewaysyoucangoaboutboostingyourbrainpower.Sleepisoneoftheeasiestthingstodo,yetoneoftheonesthatmostofusdon'tdo.Weliveinabusyageandoftenitseemsthatwedon'thaveenoughtimetogeteverythingdone.Somanyofussacrificeourhoursofsleeptoaccomplishourdailytasks.17Readabook.Beingsmarterisnotonlyaboutthinkingbutknowledgeplaysabigpartinit,too.Readinghelpsyourbrainstayactive.18Thinkofitasexerciseforthebrain.Tryturningoffthattelevisionsetandgoingforawalk.Awalkwillstimulateyourbodyandrelaxyourmind.JustaswatchingtoomuchTVcanhurtyourbody,italsocausesyourbraintoslowdownaswell.19Thereisabigdifferencebetweenknowingsomethingandbeingabletoteachittosomeoneelse.Thereisnothingliketryingtobreaksomethingdownintosimplertermsforotherstohelpyouunderstanditbetterthanyoudidbefore.Workonapuzzle.ItcanbeanythingfromthenewspapercrosswordorthenewSudokupuzzle.Puzzleshelpyouuseyourbraintofigureouttheanswers.20Yourbrainneedsexercisejustlikeyourbodydoestobeabletofunctionintopform.Sogooutthereandboostyourbrainpower,yourmindwillthankyou.Themoreyouread,themoreyouknow,andthesmarteryouwillbe.Bywritingaboutthingsyouknow,ithelpsyoutounderstandthembetter.Crosswordpuzzlesalsohavetheaddedbenefitofincreasingyourvocabularyandknowledge.Maybeyouwanttoshowyourbossthatyouaregoodenoughtogetapromotion.Givingyourbodytherestitneedseverynightcanboostyourabilitytofunctionatyourbestthenextday.F・Skippingmealscanmakeitharderforyoutothinkandperformatyourbest.G.Learnsomethingnewandthenteachsomeoneelsehowtodoit.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些提高脑力的方法：1、好好休息；2、学习一些新的东西，然后教别人如何去做；3、做一个益智游戏。【16题详解】上文提示“也许你还在上学，只是想在考试中取得更好的成绩。”承接上文，D项Maybeyouwanttoshowyourbossthatyouaregoodenoughtogetapromotion.（也许你想让你的老板知道你有足够的能力升职。）切题。副词Maybe将该项与上文紧密连在一起，故选D。【17题详解】上文提示“很多人为了完成日常任务而牺牲了睡眠时间。”承接上文，E项Givingyourbodytherestitneedseverynightcanboostyourabilitytofunctionatyourbestthenextday.（让你的身体得到所需的休息可以增强你第二天发挥最佳功能的能力。）切题。故选E。【18题详解】上文提示“阅读帮助你的大脑保持活跃。”承接上文，A项Themoreyouread,themoreyouknow,andthesmarteryouwillbe.（你读得越多，知道的越多，你就会越聪明。）切题。该项中的thesmarter与上文中的helpsyourbrainstayactive相吻合。故选A。【19题详解】此空位于句首。根据下文提示“知道某件事和能够把它教给别人之间是有很大的区别。”承接下文，G项Learnsomethingnewandthenteachsomeoneelsehowtodoit.（学习新东西，然后教别人怎么做。）切题。故选G。【20题详解】上文提示“做一个益智游戏.益智游戏可以帮助你用你的大脑找出答案。”承接上文，C项Crosswordpuzzlesalsohavetheaddedbenefitofincreasingyourvocabularyandknowledge.（填字游戏也有增加你的词汇和知识的额外好处。）切题。关键词also将该项和上文紧密连在一起，故选C。【点睛】做七选五时“当心文中also"，also是“也”的意思，这就说明前文一定存在它的一个分支了，本题第5小题，前文交代“Puzzleshelpyouuseyourbraintofigureouttheanswers.v重点就三个单词uPuzzleshelpyou"，此时在空中填上“Crosswordpuzzlesalsohavetheaddedbenefitofincreasingyourvocabularyandknowledge.”,（关键词alsohavetheaddedbenefitof）这样——对应就很工整了。当然“also”只是一个代表罢了，可以表示递进的词还有很多：what'more,besides,inaddition等等。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WesWinterwasdeliveringmailwhenhemetalittleboynamedLogan.Atfouryearsold,littleLoganbeganto21ofbecomingamailmanoneday.So,hewouldwaitforthemailto22eachday一eveninthecold!Logan'sactiontrulytouchedWes,whowas23toleavehisjobatthepostoffice.So,onthelastdayofhiswork,themailmanwrotealettertothelittleboy,which24:uHelloLittleMailman,Ionlymetyouonce.Iwas25thatday,butyouwerestillsittingatthegate26formetocomearound.Itwasvery27outside,butyoudidn'tcare.Youjustwantedtoseethemailman.Todayismy28daydeliveringmail.Ireallyenjoyedit,butI'vefounda29thatfitsmebetter.Iwantedtogiveyoua30soyoudon'tfeelcoldthenexttimeyou'rewaitingforthenextmailman.Ifyoudecideit'snotwhatyouwanttodowhenyou31,don'tworry.Ihaven'tbeen32thatlongandI'vealreadybeenamailman,arepairman,andabusdriver.Justfindyourdreamanddon't33yourenthusiasm.FromyourNo.1fan,WesWinter”ThelettermeantalottothelittleboyandheisalsoThelittle35 neverwantstotake21.A.ThelettermeantalottothelittleboyandheisalsoThelittle35 neverwantstotake21.A.dreamB.think22.A.sendB.arrive23.A.forcedB.persuaded24.A.readB.spoke25.A.earlyB.late26.A.callingB.wishing27.A.hotB.dark28.A.firstB.last29.A.jobB.work30.A.cardB.gift31.A.takeoffB.wakeup32.A.sleepingB.standing33.A.loseB.offer34.A.changedB.loved35.A.pupilB.boy【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A31.D32.D33.A34.D35.B【解析】offthehatWesgavehim-—heevensleepsinit!C.remindD.warnC.leaveD.beginC.toldD.preparedC.wroteD.showedC.quickD.slowC.waitingD.walkingC.brightD.coldC.bestD.worstC.placeD.houseC.wordD.hugC.pickupD.growupC.ridingD.workingC.giveD.pickC.madeD.encouragedC.heroD.student25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.B34alotfromhishero.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小男孩洛根想成为一名邮递员，所以每天都在门口等着邮递员韦斯送邮件，韦斯在离职前他给小男孩写了一封信，鼓励他追逐自己的梦想。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：四岁时，小洛根开始梦想有一天成为一名邮递员。A.dream梦想；B.think考虑；C.remind提醒;D.warn警告。根据“ofbecomingamailmanoneday.”可知，小男孩梦想有一天成为一名邮递员，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，即使在寒冷的天气里，他也会每天等待邮件的到来！A.send发送；B.arrive到达；C.leave离开；D.begin开始。上一句说小男孩梦想有一天成为一名邮递员，所以他每天都在等待邮件的到来，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：洛根的行为确实感动了韦斯，他准备辞去邮局的工作。A.forced强迫；B.persuaded说服；C.told告诉；D.prepared准备好。根据下文“onthelastdayofhisworkv可知，韦斯准备离职了，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，在他工作最后一天，邮递员给小男孩写了一封信，信中写道：“你好,小邮递员”。A.read写着；B.spoke说；C.wrote书写;D.showed展示。下文是书信的内容,用“写着”符合语境。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只见过你一次。那天我来晚了，但你还在门口等我过来。A.early早的；B.late晚的；C.quick快的；D.slow慢的。空后的“butyouwerestillsittingatthegate”说明韦斯那天来晚了，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.calling打电话；B.wishing希望；C.waiting等待；D.walking走路。根据第一段中的“So,hewouldwaitforthemail”可知，小男孩每天都会在门口等邮件,故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天外面很冷，但你并不在乎。A.hot热的；B.dark黑暗的；C.bright明亮的；D.cold冷的。根据第一段中的“eveninthecold”及空后的“butyoudidn'tcaren可知，那天外面很冷，但小男孩并不在乎，下文中的"feelcold”也是提示，故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天是我最后一天送邮件。A.first第一的；B.last最后的；C.best最好的；D.worst最差的。根据上文的“onthelastdayofhiswork”可知,今天是韦斯最后一天送邮件，故选Bo【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很喜欢这份工作，但我找到了一份更适合我的工作。A.job具体的工作;B.work工作(日常工作学习)；C.place地方；D.house房子。上文说韦斯辞去了邮局的工作，这说明他找到了一份更适合自己的工作，故选A。[30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想送你一份礼物，这样你下次等下一个邮递员的时候就不会觉得冷了。A.card卡片；B.gift礼物;C.word词汇；D.hug拥抱。根据下文中的“thehatWesgavehim”可知,帽子是韦斯送给小男孩的礼物，故选B。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你长大后发现这不是你想做的也没关系。A.takeoff脱下；B.wakeup醒来；C.pickup捡起；D.growup长大。根据语境和常识可知，小男孩现在的梦想是当邮递员，但是长大却不一定，故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我工作的时间不长，但我当过邮递员、修理工、公交车司机。A.sleeping睡觉;B.standing站立；C.riding骑车；D.working工作、凑效。根据空后提到的邮递员、修理工和公交车司机三个职业可知此处在谈论工作，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：找到你的梦想，不要失去热情。A.lose失去；B.offer提供；C.give给；D.pick摘。根据空后的“yourenthusiasm"可知此处指“不要失去热情”，故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这封信对小男孩意义重大，他的英雄也给了他很多鼓励。A.changed改变;B.loved喜爱；C.made制作；D.encouraged鼓励。根据信的内容可知，邮递员鼓励小男孩追逐梦想的话语使小男孩大受鼓舞，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：小男孩不愿摘下帽子，甚至睡觉都戴着。A.pupil小学生；B.boy男孩；C.hero英雄；D.student学生。根据第一段中的"alittleboynamedLogan”可知此处指“小男孩"，故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分)语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thewaywecookisimportant.Inmanycountries,thetwochoicesare36(nature)gasorelectric-poweredstoves.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeople37(suffer)fromindoorairpollutionatpresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseof38(danger)fuelsandcook-stovesinthehome.WHOofficialssaynearlythreebillionpeopleare39(able)tousecleanfuelsandtechnologiesforcooking,heatingandlighting.Asaresult,morethansevenmillionpeoplediefromexposuretoindoororoutdoorairpollutioneachyear.Mostofthedeathsarein40(develop)countries,suchasIndia,ChinaandLatinAmericancountries.WHOofficialssayopeningawindowordoor41(let)outtheharmfulairwillnotcorrectthesituation. 42willonlypollutetheoutdoors.NigelBruce,43isaprofessorofPublicHealthattheUniversityofLiverpool,saysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcook-stovesandotherequipmenttoburnfuels44amoreefficientway.But,thisisjustastart.Itisurgingdevelopingcountriestouse45(clean)fuelsandincreaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances(用具).【答案】36.natural37.aresuffering38.dangerous39.unable 40.developing41.tolet 42.It/That43.who44.in45.cleaner【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了一些发展中国家由于做饭使用危险的燃料和炉灶造成了室内污染和人口死亡，WHO给出的解决此问题的建议。【36题详解】考查形容词。通过空后的gas可知此处需要形容词来修饰名词gas,naturalgas意为“天然气”。故填natural37题详解】考查动词时态。通过下文的atpresenttime可知，这件事情是正在发生的，用现在进行时，意为“正在遭受”。故填aresufferingo【38题详解】考查形容词。通过空后的fuels可知此处需要形容词修饰名词fuel,指“危险的燃料"，故填dangerous。【39题详解】考查形容词。根据上文的are可知需要用形容词作表语，此处指三十亿人无法使用干净的能源，表示“不能”要加上否定前缀，故填unable。【40题详解】考查形容词。根据下文所举例子India,ChinaandLatinAmericancountries.可知,这些国家都是发展中国家,developingcountries意为“发展中国家”。故填developing。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。本题考查不定式作目的状语的用法，句中的openingawindowordoor的目的是为了让有毒的空气流通出去，用不定式表示目的，故填toleto【42题详解】考查代词。通过上下文的理解可知，这里所指内容为上文提到的开窗或门，故用it或that指代这一行为。注意首字母大写。故填It/That。【43题详解】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为NigelBruce指人，在定语从句中做主语，故填who。【44题详解】考查介词用法。固定短语ina...way,意为“用……的方法”，此处指用更有效的方法，故填in。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。根据空后并列的increaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances可知，这里是指使用更干净的能源，增加使用更干净、更现代化厨具的机会。与cleanerandmoremodern并列用比较级，故填cleaner。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46.假如你叫李华，最近你校进行了一次激烈的讨论：中学生应不应该上网。请你给《二十一世纪报•中学生版》的编辑写一封信，根据下表把讨论情况作简要描述。反对的同学.很多人只是聊天或玩电子游戏，浪费时间；.很多网站内容不适合学生。支持的同学.上网是现代化的交流方式；.可以查阅信息，对学习有好处。你的观点••••••注意：1.词数80左右；2.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearEditor,Somestudentsgotothenetbarsnearourschoolalmosteveryday,Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEditor,Somestudentsgotothenetbarsnearourschoolalmosteveryday.Lastweek,weheldaheateddiscussionaboutwhethermiddleschoolstudentsshouldsurftheInternet.Somestudentsholdtheviewthatweshouldn,tsurftheInternetbecausethecontentsofmanywebsitesarenotsuitableforyoungstudents.Inaddition,somestudentsjustchatorplaygamesontheInternet,whichreallywastesourtime.OtherstudentsthinkthatweshouldsurftheInternetbecauseitisamodernmethodofcommunication.Wecansearchfortheinformationweneedonline,whichishelpfulforourstudy.Inmyopinion,wecansurftheInternetinoursparetime,butweshouldn'tspendtoomuchtimeonit.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给《二十一世纪报・中学生版》的编辑写一封信描述最近你校进行的一次激烈的讨论：中学生应不应该上网。【详解】L 词汇积累附近：nearbyfnearsp上网：beonlinefsurftheInternet认为：thinkfholdtheviewthat止匕夕卜：Besides=Inaddition2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Lastweek,weheldaheateddiscussionaboutwhethermiddleschoolstudentsshouldsurftheInternet.拓展句：It'slastweekthatweheldaheateddiscussionaboutwhethermiddleschoolstudentsshouldsurftheInternet.【点睛】[高分句型1]Inaddition,somestudentsjustchatorplaygamesontheInternet,whichreallywastesourtime.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。[高分句型2]Somestudentsholdtheviewthatweshouldn'tsurftheInternetbecausethecontentsofmanywebsitesarenotsuitableforyoungstudents.这句话运用了同位语从句。第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。ASpecialAppointmentYearsagoImovedtoWoodlandHillstotakeajobinasmallhospital?semergencydepartment.NoonewantedtoworkonChristmasEve,sotheshift（轮班）wenttome.Ikissedmyfamilygoodbyeandwentofftospendthenightinthehospital.Itwasathanklessjob.At9pm,theambulancebroughtinamaninhis60swhowashavingaheartattack.Hisfacewaspale,andhewasfrightened.ThewholenightIdidmybesttosavehislife.BeforeIleftinthemorningtospendChristmaswithmyfamily,Istoppedbytoseehowhewasdoing.Itwasstilltough,buthehadsurvivedthenightandwassleeping.ThefollowingyearIgotChristmasEvedutyagain.At9pmsharp,thewardclerktoldmetherewasacouplewhowantedtospeakwithme.WhenIapproachedthem,themanintroducedhimselfasMr.Leeandsaid,“Youprobablydon'trememberme,butlastChristmasEveyousavedmylife.Thankyoufortheyearyougaveme."Heandhiswifehuggedme,handedmeasmallgift,andleft.Thefollowingyearanewdoctorhadjoinedthegroup,butIwantedtoseeifMr.AndMrs.Leewouldreturn.Thistime,Ivolunteeredfortheshift.Ikeptaneyeonthedoor.Onceagain,atexactly9pm,theLeesappeared,carryingawarmlywrappedbundle.Itwastheirnewgrandchild.Mr.Lee,hisfamilyandIspent13ChristmasEvestogether.Inthelateryearsthestaffallknewaboutthestoryandwouldworktogivemetimewithhiminthebreakroom,wherewespentahalf-houreachChristmasEve..所续写短文的词数应为150左右;.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;Paragraph1:LastyearIsawMrs.Leealoneinthehospitalwithagiftforme.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?HireashopassistantSellherclothesonlineUpdateherwebsite请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whatwillthewomantaketoherprofessor?A.SomeflowersB.AbottleofwineC.AbookWhenwillthewomanarriveatherprofessor?shome?A.At6:45B.At6:40C.At6:35Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoaftershecomesback?InviteherprofessortoherhomeSendherprofessorathank-youcardCallherprofessortoexpressherthanks请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。WheredidthemanandJennygoforatrip?A.ChinaB.KoreaC.EnglandWhatwastheweatherlikeinthecountrywhenthemanwasvisitingit?A.RainyB.SunnyC.SnowyWhatdidthemanandJennydowhentheymetforeignfriends?TheyhuggedthemTheyshookhandswiththemTheyputtheirhandsbehindtheirbacksWhereisthemanfrom?A.AmericaB.GermanyC.France请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。Whatdidthepeopleinthecountrythinkoftheking?A.HandsomeB.BadC.StupidWhatdidthekingrunafterintheforest?A.AdeerB.AtigerC.ArabbitWhatcanweknowaboutthefirsthunter'swife?A.ShewasbeautifulB.ShewaslazyParagraph2:Icarefullyopenedthepackageandfoundacrystal（水晶）bellinsidewiththeword“Friendship”engraved（雕刻）onit.【答案】Paragraph1:LastyearIsawMrs.Leealoneinthehospitalwithagiftforme.Mrs.Leelookedpale.ShetoldmeMr.Leediedfromanotherheartattacktwodaysago.Buthehadneverforgotourappointment.Hepreparedthelastgiftdaysago.Theylivedwithagratefulheartandhadameaningfullifeforaslongas13years.TheappointmentisareminderofthefortunetheygotfrommeandtheGod.Paragraph2:Icarefullyopenedthepackageandfoundacrystalbellinsidewiththeword“Friendship”engravedonit.Now,myfamily,myfriendsandIringthatbelloneveryChristmasEveatexactly9pmandofferourbestwishestothemanwhowewon'tforget.Thebellalwaysremindsusofbeinghelpfultoothersandthankfultopeoplewhohavehelpedme.【解析】【分析】这是一篇续写。这篇文章讲述了一个特殊的约定。作者圣诞节前夕在医院值班，晚上救了一位患心脏病的病人，接下来患者李先生、他的家人和作者一起度过了13个平安夜。【详解】1.第一段给出的首句是LastyearIsawMrs.Leealoneinthehospitalwithagiftforme.这一句是故事发展的转折点。可以从“李太太脸色苍白。她告诉我李先生两天前又死于心脏病发作。”入手扩展开去，一一无论从何角度拓展，需注意与续写第二段首句呼应。2.第二段所给首句Icarefullyopenedthepackageandfoundacrystal（水晶）bellinsidewiththeword"Friendship”engraved（雕刻）onit.这一句呼应前文，紧接着可以从“现在，我家人，我的朋友和我在每个圣诞夜的晚上9点准时敲响这个钟声，并向我们永远不会忘记的人致以最美好的祝愿。”入手续写。【点睛】这是一篇续写。段落衔接紧密，语句通顺，环环入扣，层次分明，文中使用高级词汇和句子。高级词》匚：lookedpale,daysago,aslongas,remindsusof；TheappointmentisareminderofthefortunetheygotfrommeandtheGod.句中使用定语从句；myfamily,myfriendsandIringthatbelloneveryChristmasEveatexactly9pmandofferourbestwishestothemanwhowewon'tforget.句中使用who引导的定语从句；Thebellalwaysremindsusofbeinghelpfultoothersandthankfultopeoplewhohavehelpedme,动名词在句中作宾语。C.Shewasill20Whatdidtheyoungerhunteraskthekingtodo?KeepitasecretthathesavedhimLethimkeepthetigersGivehimsomegold第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe3BestMarvelFilms-rankedItseemsthatrankingfilmswellisalwaysatoughtask.Intheheartsofmillionsoffans,everyonehashisownchoice.Superherofilmsareevenmoreso.Recently,TheGuardianhaschosenthreeofthemostpopularMarvelfilms.0.3BladeII(2002)Thisfilmcontinuesthestoryofanearlier1998'sBladeandisdirectedbyGuillermo.Thestoryonceagainconcernsthemysteriousdaywalker,playedbyWesleySnipes.ItisanactionfilmfullofhightechnologyandthefightingscenesGuillermoexpressesarehorriblyexciting.Notatypicalsuperherofilm,inmanyways,butagreatone.No.2BlackPanther(2018)Thissuperbfilmisanentertainingadventure,witharichercomponent(成分)offantasythantheotherMarvelfilms.ThecharacterofBlackPantherisrecognizedasoneofMarvel'sgreatestheroes.Itisabighitacrosstheboard.ItalsoemploysRachelMorrisonwhoisMCU'Sfirstwomancinematographer,aphotographerwhooperatesamoviecamera.MarvelStudios'president,KevinFeige,haspromisedtogetmorewomenwritersanddirectorsonboard.Sofar,theonlyMarvelfemalewriterisNicolePerlmanforGuardiansoftheGalaxy.NO1Thor:Ragnarok(2017)Itissmart,visuallyexcitingandperhapsaboveall,funny.Andit，sfunnyinawaythatonlyMarvelfilmscanbe.Itsuggeststhattosomedegreecomedycanbeanimportantpartofthedrama.TaikaWaititiwasaninspiredchoiceasdirector.HemsworthplaystheroleofThorandCateBlanchettplaysHela,thegoddessofdeathwhoalsohappenstobeThor'shalfsister.WhichfilmisthemostpopularoneaccordingtoTheGuardian?A.BladeII. B.BlackPanther.C.GuardiansoftheGalaxy. D.Thor:Ragnarok.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Rankingsuperherofilmsiseasy.BladeIIisatypicalsuperherofilm.NicolePerlmanistheonlyMarvelfemalewritersofar.TaikaWaititi,HemsworthandCateBlanchettactinonefilm.Whatistheauthor,spurposeinwritingthepassage?Tointroducesomesuperherofilms.Toadvertiseforsomefilms.TocommentontheMarvelshistory.Toadvisepeopletolearnfromheroes.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章以影评的形式，介绍了卫报评选的三部评分最高的漫威电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的小标题“NO1Thor:Ragnarok（2017）"可知,《雷神3：诸神黄昏》被卫报评为最佳漫威电影。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"Sofar,theonlyMarvelfemalewriterisNicolePerlmanforGuardiansoftheGalaxy.”可知，NicolePerlman是目前漫威唯一一个女性创作者。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一■段“Itseemsthatrankingfilmswellisalwaysatoughtask.Intheheartsofmillionsoffans,everyonehashisownchoice.Superherofilmsareevenmoreso.Recently,TheGuardianhaschosenthreeofthemostpopularMarvelfilms.v可知，本文的主要内容就是介绍三部卫报评选的最佳漫威超级英雄电影，A选项“介绍一些超级英雄电影”符合文章主题。故选A项。BOnafarminEngland,GavinandAliceMunroaretakingsustainabilitytothenextlevel:theyharvesttreeswhichtheygrowintochairsThecouplehaveafurniture（家具）farminDerbyshirewheretheyaregrowing250chairs,100lampsand50tables.Itistheiranswertowhattheyseeastheinefficient（无效率）processof

cuttingdownmaturetreestocreatefurniture.“Insteadofforce-growingatreefor50yearsandthencuttingitdownandmakingitintosmallerandsmallerbits...theideaistogrowthetreeintotheshapethatyouwantdirectly.It'slikeakindof3Dprinting,“saidGavin.PartoftheinspirationfortheideacamewhenGavinwasayoungboy.Hespottedanovergrownbonsaitree（盆栽）whichlookedlikeachair.The44-ycar-oldbeganexperimentingin2006.In2012,GavinandAlicesetupthecompanyFullGrown.Withinseveralyears,thecoupledevelopedthemosteffectivewaytoshapeatreewithoutlimitingitsgrowth.Theyguideshoots（嫩枝）alreadyheadingintherightdirection,ratherthanforcethemthewrongwayagainsttheirnaturalgrowth.Theaveragechairtakessixtonineyearstogrowandanotheryeartodryout.Thelaborandtimeinvolvedinproducingtheorganicpiecesmeanstheydonotcomecheap.Chairssellfor£10,000each,lampsfor900to£2,300andtablesfor£2,500to£12,500.Whatisspecialaboutthefarm?A.Ituses3Dprinting.C.Itwassetupbyacouple.Whatisspecialaboutthefarm?A.Ituses3Dprinting.C.Itwassetupbyacouple.Howdothecoupleshapeatree?Bylimitingisgrowth.Byfollowingitsnaturalgrowth.ByforcingitagainstByguidingitsshootsHowlongdoesittakeOver50years.C.Atmost6years.Itgrowsbonsaitrees.D.Iherightdirection.tomakeanaveragechairforthecompany?B.About6to9years.D.About7to10years.Whichcanbestdescribethefurniture?B.Naturalbutexpensive.D.Traditionalbutorganic.B.Naturalbutexpensive.D.Traditionalbutorganic.C.Handmadeandcreative.【答案】4.D5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了英格兰德比郡的一对夫妇经营着一个家具农场，它可以让树木直接长成家具。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Thecouplehaveafurniture（家具）farminDerbyshirewheretheyaregrowing250chairs,100lampsand50tables.（这对夫妇在德比郡有一个家具农场，他们在那里种植了250把椅子、100盏灯和50张桌子）”可知，这个农场的特别之处是它种家具。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五自然段“Withinseveralyears,thecoupledevelopedthemosteffectivewaytoshapeatreewithoutlimitingitsgrowth.Theyguideshoots（嫩枝）alreadyheadingintherightdirection（在几年内，这对夫妇开发了最有效的方法来塑造树木而不限制它的生长。它们引导人们朝着正确的方向前进）”可知，这对夫妇通过引导嫩枝朝着正确的方向生长来给树塑形。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六自然段“Theaveragechairtakessixtonineyearstogrowandanotheryeartodryout.（一把椅子平均需要6到9年时间来生长，另外需要一年来干燥）”可知，收获一把椅子大约平均需要7到10年时间。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五自然段“Theyguideshoots（嫩枝）alreadyheadingintherightdirection,ratherthanforcethemthewrongwayagainsttheirnaturalgrowth.（它们弓I导幼苗朝正确的方向生长，而不是强迫它们走上违背自然生长的错误道路）”和第六自然段“Thelaborandtimeinvolvedinproducingtheorganicpiecesmeanstheydonotcomecheap.（生产有机产品所涉及的劳动力和时间意味着它们并不便宜）”可知，这种家具是自然生长的，同时价格不菲。故选B项。CLocalofficialsinBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity'sculturalheritage（遗产），inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownashutongs.HutongsarecommonlyfoundinthecitiesofNorthChina,buttheyareatrisk.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheImperialPalaces.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,250.IntheolddistrictsofDongchengandXicheng,whichcover62squarekilometers,somepeoplewillbeaskedtomovefromhutonghousestoavoidfurtherdamagetotheancientarchitecture.“Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheImperialPalacesduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitorsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics,“saidHuangYan,directoroftheBeijingMunicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning,addingthathutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.Thegovernmentfocusedonhowtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritagesworked.WangShaofeng,headoftheXichengdistrictgovernment,saidtheareahas182culturalrelics,manyofwhichwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty(1271-1368).ThedistrictofXichenghas1.28millionresidentsinits57squarekilometersofland."Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage,“Wangsaid“Eachcommunityhasbeenrequiredtoreportthestatusofitsculturalheritage,especiallyhutongs,andanyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished,“Wangsaid.Nooneknowsforsurehowmanyhutongswillbeleftinthecoming100years.HowmanyhutongshavedisappearedinthepastsixtyyearsinBeijing?A.Lessthan1.000. B.About2.000.C.Morethan3.000. D.Over4.000.AccordingtoHuangYan,whatistheA.Visitors'activity.C.Communities'behaviour.WhichofthefollowingisausefulAccordingtoHuangYan,whatistheA.Visitors'activity.C.Communities'behaviour.WhichofthefollowingisausefulToattractmorevisitors.Topunishanyonedamagingthem.Toincreasethelocalpopulation.ToforbideveryonegettingclosetoWhatwillhappentohutongsinthemaincauseofthedamagetoculturalrelics?B.Residents,attitude.D.Thegovernment?spolicy.waytoprotecthutongs?them.nearfuture?Onlytimewilltell.Noonewillrememberthem.Thenumberwillbegrowing.Hutongswilldisappearcompletely.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了北京胡同的现状和保护措施。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheImperialPalaces.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,250.(据信,1匕京目前只有不到1000条胡同，其中大部分在故宫附近。而在60年前，这个数字是3250）”可知，