备战2019年高考英语考点一遍过考点16动词不定式含解析

欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助!考点16动词不定式高考频度：★★★★★动词不定式定义动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号to+do构成。没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可做主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语,具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。形式时态主动被动一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing----完成进行式tohavebeendoing----否定式否定词（not/never）+动词不定式考向一不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。1.(2018·新课标III卷·语法填空)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme____70____(stay)andwatch.【参考答案】【答案解析】考查非谓语动词。此处allowsbtodo允许某人做某事，动词不定式作宾补，应该用tostay。2.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________.A.taking B.takenC.beingtaken D.take【参考答案】B3.（2017·新课标卷I·语法填空）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.【参考答案】toprocess【答案解析】考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示＂要求＂，requiresb.todosth.表示＂要求某人做某事＂，被动形式为＂sb.berequiredtodosth.＂(某人被要求做某事)。故填toprocess。1.（2018·新课标I卷·语法填空）Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.【参考答案】tosee2.(2017·新课标卷II·短文改错)Whensummercame（comes）,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables！【参考答案】pick改为topick3.(2017·浙江卷·语法填空)Sixteenyearsearlier(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61(cook)ameal.【参考答案】tocook【答案解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填tocook。考向二不定式的时态和语态考向三 省to的动词不定式Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher__________（grow）upfromchildhood.【参考答案】grow题组一基础过关单项填空1.______inNorthernEuroperosesteadilyinthethirdquarterof2016,followinga0.1percentincreaseinthepreviousquarter.A.Touristspending B.Touristspent C.Touristspend D.Touristspends2.It’snaturalforthere________agenerationgapbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.A.being B.havingbeen C.tobe D.tohavebeen3.It’simportantforthefigures________regularly.A.tobeupdated B.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdate D.tohaveupdated4.It’sinteresting________thechildren__________there.A.watching;playing B.towatch;toplayC.towatch;playing D.watching;play5.______exactlywhatwaswrongwithhim,thedoctorsgavehimacompleteexamination.A.Todiscover B.DiscoveringC.Discovered D.Havingbeendiscovered6.Manyparentsdon’ttaketheirkids’interestsandagesintoconsideration,only________＂Morehaste,lessspeed＂—theircuriosityisbeingkilled.A.finding B.havingfound C.tofind D.find7.Mygrandma,livingseparatelyinthecountry,isjustcontenttositcomfortablyinfrontofTVeachevening,happy________Chinesetraditionaloperaprograms.A.tobewatching B.watchingC.towatch D.tobewatched8.Howpleasantthepictureisto_________!A.lookat B.beinglookedat C.lookingat D.belookedat9.Tomwasproud________captainofourschoolfootballteam.A.tochoose B.tobechosenC.tohavebeenchosen D.tohavechosen10.AlotofemployeesatthecompanysaidEricwasimpossible________,andindeedhewastough.A.dealingwith B.dealtwith C.todealwith D.tobedealtwith题组二能力提升阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called＂ricebowl＂culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,5thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe8(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10theirhands.题组三体验真题1.（2016·北京卷·单项填空）_____________iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.A.Made B.Make C.Making D.Tomake2.(create)specialdesigns.3.(2014·天津卷)Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only_________itdidn’tfitA.tofind B.foundC.finding D.havingfound4.(2014·山东卷)It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone______asecurityofficer.A.employed B.beingemployedC.toemploy D.employs5.（2014·四川卷）—Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.—Goodidea.____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.A.Tofindout

B.Findingout

C.Tobefindingout

D.Havingfoundout题组一基础过关单项填空1.A【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句意＂在2016年的第三季度北欧的旅游支出稳步上升，比上一季度增长0.1%。＂和句子结构可知，＂____inNorthernEurope＂是句子的主语，所以动词spend该用ing形式（即动名词），而Tourist是动名词的逻辑主语，所以A项（Touristspending游客花销/旅游支出）的结构正确且符合语境之意。故选A。2.C【解析】考查非谓语动词。it是形式主语，todo（动词不定式）作真正的主语。构成＂Itis+adj.todo＂结构。3.A【解析】考查不定式短语作主语的用法。句意:数据定期更新很重要。题干属于＂It+be+adj.+forsb./sth.+不定式＂结构，该结构中,＂It＂为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。update与thefigures为动宾关系，所以不定式用被动形式，而且此处陈述的是一般情况，不涉及谓语动作与非谓语动作的先后次序，故用不定式的一般被动式作主语，所以A项切题。4.C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到孩子们在那儿玩非常有趣。由语境可知，孩子们正在那边玩。该题考查watchsb.doingsth.结构，意为＂看到某人正在做某事＂，故第二个空填playing。doing做主语，表示经常性的动作。todo做主语，表示某一次的行为。由语境可知，该处并不是经常性的动作。故要用todo作主语。C选项切题。7.C【解析】考查不定式。句意：独自住在村里的奶奶，每晚只是喜欢舒适地坐在电视机前，快乐地观看中国传统戏剧节目。此处源于词组behappytodosh.＂乐意做某事＂，该空处为形容词词组作状语，修饰主语的状态。故选C。8.A【解析】该句是感叹句，解题时应将其还原为陈述句：thepicturesispleasantto…该结构中不定式作状语修饰作表语的形容词pleasant，且lookat与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，sb/sthisadjtodosth是固定句式，用不定时的主动表被动，选A项。9.C【解析】考查非谓语。句意：Tom非常自豪被选为我们校足球队的队长。根据句意可知要运用被动语态，用现在完成时的被动语态表示此事已经发生，且有一定影响。故选C。10.C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司里的许多员工说，对付Eric是不可能的。他确实很难对付。hard,difficult,easy,impossible等形容词作表语时，其后的不定式如果与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，通常用不定式的主动形式，故选todealwith。题组二能力提升【语篇解读】本文介绍了筷子的材质与中国使用筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵。1.and【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的＂China，Japan，Korea＂之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。4.using【解析】考查非谓语动词。use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作状语。5.as/when【解析】考查状语从句。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始