2006全国高考英语试题下载-春季上海卷

■■■・■■■■■・精诚凝聚=」成就梦想■■・■■■■■・2006年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension.PartAShortConversationsDirections:InpartA,youwill第1I.ListeningComprehension.PartAShortConversationsDirections:InpartA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,questionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationndthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,reaisthebestanswertothequestionthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneyouhaveheard.isthebestanswertothequestion4.5.A.A.A.C.A.A.FriedchickenB.Hamburgers.Anewjob.B.Aparty.Shedoesn,tlikereading.SheistoobusytoreadtheFrightening.B.Interesting.C.C.B.4.5.A.A.A.C.A.A.FriedchickenB.Hamburgers.Anewjob.B.Aparty.Shedoesn,tlikereading.SheistoobusytoreadtheFrightening.B.Interesting.C.C.B.book.D.C.Apizza.Anewhouse.D.D.Seafood.Somedrinks.She,salreadyreadthebook.She,salmostfinishedthebook.Enjoyable.D.Dull.ItistimethathewonthescholaBshNp.onebelievesthathewonthescholarship.C.He,ssurprisedthathegotscholarship.thescholHeshigpladD.toawardthewomantheC.He,ssurprisedthathegotscholarship.thescholHeshigpladD.toawardthewomanthe6.7.8.A.A.A.The4:40bus.B.The5:00bus.6.7.8.A.A.A.The4:40bus.B.The5:00bus.AnairhostessB..Acook.Atapolicestation.Atanemploymentagency.C.C.B.The5:20bus.Awaitress.Atabank.AtapostD.The5:40bus.D.Ahotelmanager.office.9.A.Someonehelpedhimwiththework.B.Someonehasdonetheworkforhim.9.A.Someonehelpedhimwiththework.B.Someonehasdonetheworkforhim.C.Hedidn,tquitefinishthework.D.Hedidtheworkalone.10.A.C.Hedoesn,tlovejazz.B.Hehasn,theardanymusicforalongtime.10.A.C.Hedoesn,tlovejazz.B.Hehasn,theardanymusicforalongtime.He,dprefersilenceforawhile.D.He,dliketolistentosomejazz.PartBPassagesDirectionsInPartB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyoncWhenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.3years. B.4years. C.15years. D.18years.A.Alawyer. B.Aprofessor. C.Anartist. D.Aninterpreter.A.They,veovercometheirlanguageproblems.B.TheyovertookothersinlearningRussian.C.TheystillhaveproblemsspeakingEnglish.D.TheyworkedinarestauranttopractiseEnglish.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingreport.A.TheSpanishflu.B.TheAsianfliC..TheHongKongflu.D.Birdflu.照亮人生■■■・・■■■■・■・・■■■照亮人生■■■・・■■■■・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・A.In1968.B.Inthe21stcentury.C.In1957. D.Overacenturyago.A.Birdfluviruses.B.Severalkindsofflu.C.Causesofflu. D.Somemostcommonviruses.PartCLongerConversationsDirections:InPartC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswill.bereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversationKITCHENORDERFORMTO(Supplier):StandarditemsQuantityNotesCabbagesFour—17—White__18__35kilos__19__Bananas__20__kilosImportedPeachesNottoogoodCompletetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswerBlanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversationWhatdidthemansayaboutthechair?Itisthemostreasonableand_21—.Whatwasthewomanworriedabout?The—22—ofthechair.Whatdidanothercustomerdowiththesechairs?Hecalledto_23—.Howpopularwasthechairmentioned?Theyhavebeensellinglike_24—.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.II.GrammarandVocabularyDirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefondplayingtennisnowadays.A.on B.to C.in D.ofYouknowheisnotgoingtoletusleaveearlyifwe gettheworkdone.A.can't B.maynot C.shouldn't D.mustn'tBothsideshaveaccusedofbreakingthecontract.A.another B.theother C.neither D.eachWeournewneighborsyet,sowedon'tknowtheirnames.A.don'tmeetB.won'tmeetC.haven'tmetD.hadn'tmetTheparentssuggestedinthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.A.sleep B.tosleep C.sleeping D.havingsleptTheseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder.A.howmuchcosttheyare B.howmuchdotheycostC.howmuchtheycost D.howmucharetheycostSomeexpertsthinkthatlanguagelearningismuchforchildrenastheirtonguesaremoreflexible.照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻■■,■■■■■鬻点亮心灯〜~~〃/照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・A.easy B.easier C.easily D.moreeasilymostoftheearth,ssurfaceiscoveredbywater,freshwaterisveryrareandprecious.A.As B.Once C.If D.AlthoughDoris'successliesinthefactsheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.A.which B.that C.when D.whyJustinfrontofourhousewithahistoryof1,000years.A.doesatalltreestand B.standsatalltreeC.atalltreeisstanding D.atalltreestandsDavidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliteraturehechosethecourse.A.that B.what C.why D.howTherearehundredsofvisitorsinfrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh'spaintings.A.waited B.towait C.waiting D.waitYoucanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,isalwaysbusyattheweekend.A.that B.where C.what D.whichtheemployees'workingefficiency,thesupervisorwillallowthemtohaveacoffeebreak.A.Improving B.Toimprove C.Havingimproved D.ImprovedInthedreamPetersawhimselfbyafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.A.chased B.tobechased C.bechased D.havingbeenchasedChinahaspromisedtoreviseitsexistingregulationsandnewpoliciesaccordingtoWTOrequirements.A.formingB.toform C.tobeformingD.haveformedPuttheofyourtongueagainstyourupperteethwhenyouproducethesound.A.tip B.top C.peak D.poleSmallcarsareoffuel,sotheyhavemoreappealforconsumers.A.free B.short C.typical D.economicalSean'sstrongloveforhiscountryisinhisrecentlypublishedpoems.A.relieved B.reflected C.responded D.recoveredTheperformerwaswavinghisstickinthestreetanditmissedthechildstandingnearby.A.narrowly B.nearly C.hardly D.closelyClozeDirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.(A)Thetermhomeschoolingneanseducatingchildrenathomeorinplacesotherthananormalsettingsuchasapublicorprivateschool.Therearemanyreasonswhyparentschoosehomeschoolingfortheirchildren.Someparentsare_45—withthequalityofeducationinthepublicschools.Othersdonotwanttheirchildrentohavetoworryabout“peerpressure”,orsocialpressurefromfriends.Theysayitmayhavea(n)—46—effectonthechild'sstudies.Theseparents_47—thistypeofpressurewillleadtobadbehaviorsuchassmoking,drinkingalcohol,andtakingdrugs.Bullying(欺负)fromotherstudentsisanotherconcern.Stillotherparentschoosethistypeof—48—forreligiousreasons.Whateverthe_49—maybe,itisevidentthatmoreandmore照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・childrenarebeingtakenoutofnormalschoolseveryyear.—50—,manyquestionshaveemerged,encouragingthedebateoverhomeschoolingagainstpublicschooling.Whatthenisthefutureofeducation?Willthisnewmodelofschoolingreplacenormalschools?WillcomputersandtheInternet_51—ourclassroomsandteachers?Asthedebatecontinues,sodothequestionsaboutwhathomeschoolersarestudyingathome.Howcanparentsensurethattheirchildrenareprepared_52—forcollege?Howarehomeschoolersassessedtomakesuretheyaregettingthesameeducationalstandardsthatschoolstudentsmusthave?Finally,therearequestionsregardingthechildren'semotionaldevelopment.Aretheytoo—53—theirfellowstudents?Arethey_54—theopportunitytogetthesocialbenefitsofbeinginalargeclassroomofstudents?Aswithanydebatableissue,theanswerstothesequestionsareneithersimplenorone-sided.45.A.patientB.familiarC.pleasedD.dissatisfied46.A.activeB.contraryC.importantD.negative47.A.careB.fearC.wishD.deny48.A.activityB.educationC.behaviorD.belief49.A.effectsB.suggestionsC.reasonsD.pressures50.A.AsaresultB.OnthewholeC.AfterallD.Onthecontrary51.A.replaceB.reserveC.representD.release52.A.gracefullyB.emotionallyC.academicallyD.financially53.A.freefromB.isolatedfromC.relatedtoD.closeto54.A.providingB.makingC.takingD.losing(B)Manypeopleofmygenerationsaythatthereisnohopeforthefuturebecauseofthewaythatyoungpeoplebehavetoday.Theirfirstargumentisthatwhenwewere_55—weusedtolookaftertheolderpeopleinourcommunityandhelpthem.Theyalsosaythatyoungpeopletodaydon'tcareaboutanythingoranyone.—56—,Ithinkthereasonwhywelookedafterolderpeoplewasthatwehadno_57—.Peoplehadtolivewiththeirparentsandgrandparentsbecausetheyhadnomoney.Youngpeopletodayearnmoreandhavemorefreedomtolivewheretheywant.—58—this,Ithinkthattheyarestillinterestedinolderpeople.Forexample,youngpeopleoften_59—tohelpmewhenIgetonandoffthebuswithheavyshopping.Theirsecondargumentisthatinourdaywedidn't_60—tobegivenjobs andthatyoungpeoplenowdon'tlookforjobs,butjustcomplainaboutunemployment.Ontheotherhand,thingswereeasierinthepastanditwasalwayseasytogetajob_61—youhadfriendsandcontacts.Itisreallyhardertoday.YoungpeoplecomplainaboutunemploymentandIthinktheyhave_62—reasontocomplain.InconclusionIthinkthereis_63—forthefuture.Thisgeneration,likegenerationsbeforethem,hasnew_64—aswellasoldproblems.Iftheylearnfromourmistakestheworldwillbeabetterplaceinfuture.55.A.ignorantB.youngC.childishD.innocent56.A.MoreoverB.MeanwhileC.ThereforeD.However57.A.troubleB.conceptC.choiceD.method58.A.InadditiontoB.InspiteofC.DuetoD.Asfor59.A.offerB.hesitateC.refuseD.mean照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻__・・・・■■■■■■精诚凝聚广三成就梦想——■■■■■III60.A.prepareB.regretC.declineD.expect61.A.unlessB.ifC.untilD.because62.A.everyB.noC.thisD.another63.A.possibilityB.feasibilityC.hopeD.result64.A.eventsB.questionsC.hobbiesD.opportunitiesReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyourhavejustread.(A)AlotofpeoplearefamiliarwiththestoryofBraveGelert,dogthatfaithfullydefendedtheprince,sson,butwhichwasthenkilledwhileitwasfastasleepthroughaterriblemisunderstanding.However,onlyafewpeopleknowthatthestoryisreallyapackoflies.Letmeexplain.AboutahundredorsoyearsagotherewasahotelownerinWaleswhowasfedupwithbusinessbeingsobad.Hishotelwasstuckinthemiddleofnowhereandhardlyanyonecametostay.Then,oneday,hehadanidea.AfamousprincecalledLlewellynhadlivedintheareaduringtheMiddleAgesandhadbeenkeenondogs.Thisishardlysurprisingashuntingwasextremelypopularatthattime.SowhathedidwastomakeupthestoryofthebraveandfaithfulGelertandhowhehadbeenkilledbyhisungratefulmaster.Ofcourse,peoplewouldbefarmorelikelytobelievethestoryiftherewassomethingtheycouldsee.Sooneday,thehotelkeeperwenttothetopofahighhillandbuiltasortofmonumentfromthestoneshefoundlyingaroundAfriendofhis,whowasanaccountant,helpedhimtoconstructit.The"tale"sooncaughtonanddevelopedalifeofitsown.Afterwards,peoplecamefromfarandwidetoseethespotwherethedogwasburied.Needlesstosay,businessbecameverygoodforthehotelowner.Accordingtothetale,thedogwaskilledby.A.ahotelownerB.afamousaccountantC.itsmaster D.theprince'ssonTheownerofthehotelsuccessfullyimprovedhisbusinessby.A.makingupastory B.constructingahotelonthehillC.showingpeoplearoundhishotel D.invitingafriendtohelphimThehotelownerbuiltthestonemonumentinordertoA.makemoremoney B.remembertheloyaldogC.showoff D.honortheprinceWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.APrinceandHisDog B.AProfit-MakingLieC.AMagnificentHotel D.AFaithfulbutUnluckyDog(B)Youcanmakethedifferencebetween照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻■■,■■■■■照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・this・・・andthisdifference.Yearafteryear,youngpeoplefromallaroundtheworldgettogetheratoneofoursixteenconservation（difference.Yearafteryear,youngpeoplefromallaroundtheworldgettogetheratoneofoursixteenconservation（环境保护）camp.Theirsharedaim?Tohelpprotectthecountrysideanditswildlife.Manyanimalsandplantsareindangerofdisappearingforever.Thedormouse,akindofmouse,forexample,needswoodlandplantsforfoodandtreestostayin.Itshabitat（栖息地）isbeingdestroyedbymananditneedsourhelptosurvive.Onaconservationcampholidayyouwilllearnallaboutnatureandhowtoprotectit.Ourtrainedleaderswillaccompanyyouandtellyoueverythingyouneedtoknow.Becauseofthisyoudon'tneedanyexperience,justenergyandenthusiasm.Youwillexplorethecountrysideandworktoensurethesurvivalofhundredsofanimalsandplantsandstillhaveplentyoftimetoenjoythecamp'sexceslportstfacilitiesandorganizednaturepathsthroughbeautifulscenery.TheInternationalConservationScoutsisaworldwideorganization,sotheremustbeacampnearyou,Youcanspendasplendidholidayatanyofthecampsforaslittleasf60includingaccommodationandfood.Formoreinformationsendforafreeconservationcampshandbooktoday.InternationalConservationScouts

StantonStJohn

OxfordshireOX71TLTHEKEYTOSAVINGWILDUFEISTO

PROTECTNATURALHABITATS：YOURWORK

WILLMAKEADIFFERCNCEThemainpurposeofthispassageis.toofferyoungpeopleafun-filledholidaytoattractyoungpeopletoattendaconservationcamptopersuadepeopleintoexploringthecountrysidetoraisefundsfortheInternationalConservationScoutsAccordingtothepassage,youcanattheconservationcamps.A.experimentonthedormouse B.practiseyourfavoritehobbiesC.enrichyourknowledgeofwildlife D.havefreeaccommodationandfoodJudgingfromthewritingstyleofthepassage,itis.照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・A.apieceofadvertisement B.asciencereportC.apassageforprofessionalreading D.apassageforarguinganopinion(C)Insomechildrenwhogoblind,certainpartsofthebrainthatnormallycontrolvisionappeartoswitchjobsandfocusinsteadonsound,anewstudyhasfound.Thestudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofMontreal,involved7adultswhocouldseeand12adultswhohadlosttheirvisionwhentheywerechildren.Eachparticipantsatinaroomwith16loudspeakersatdifferentlocations.Theroomwasdesignedsothattherewerenoechoes.Duringtheexperiment,thespeakersirregularlyproducedsounds.Participantshadtopointtowherethesoundswerecomingfrom.Meanwhile,theresearchersmonitoredbloodflowinthebrainsoftheparticipantstoseewhichbrainstructureswereworkingduringthetask.Theresultsshowedthatfiveoftheblindparticipantswereverygoodatpointingtowheresoundswerecomingfrom.Inthesepeople,bloodflowincreasedinthevisualcortex-anareaatthebackoftherightsideofthebrain.Thispartofthebrainisusuallyassociatedwithvision.Theothersevenblindparticipantsshowednoincreaseinactivityinthevisualcortex.Thesepeopledidn'tdoverywellatpickingoutwheresoundswerecomingfrom.Now,theresearchersarelookingatwhetherthesepeoplehavegainedanenhancedsenseoftouchinsteadofsoundtoreplacetheirlostvision.Thescientistssaythattheirstudyshowshowadaptablepartsofthebraincanbe.72.Thepurposeoftheexperimentdescribedinthepassageistofindwhetherblindchildrencanregaintheirsightblindpeoplehaveabettersenseofsoundthesenseoftouchisbetteramongblindpeoplebloodflowinthebrainsofblindpeopleisslower73.Theparticipantsoftheexperimentwereasked.totellthedifferencebetween16soundstotakedownthetimeeachsoundlastedtoidentifythedirectionthesoundcamefromtodetectthenumberoftheloudspeakers.Duringtheexperiment,bloodflowinthebrainsoftheparticipantswasmeasuredinordertolearnaboutthewaytheyreacttoechoeslookforthewayofenhancinghearingabilityfindwhichpartsofthebrainwerefunctioningexposetherelationshipbetweenseeingandtouchingWhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?Mostblindpeoplehaveawell-developedsenseoftouch.Peoplegoblindbecauseofthebreakdownoftheirvisualcortex.Mostblindpeoplehaveabettersenseofsoundthannormalpeople.Humanbrainscanadjustthemselvesafterthelossofacertainfunction.(D)Indian'ssnakecharmersaretoberetrainedaswildlifeteachersunderaplantopreventtheiruniqueskillsandknowledgefrombeinglost.Thecharmers,whomakesnakesdancetothesoundofflutes(笛子),usedtobeatraditionalfeatureofIndianlife,performingintownsandvillages,照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻・・・・・■■■■■精诚凝聚£”=成就梦想■■■■■■■■•・untiltheywerebannedin1972tocontrolthetradeinsnakeskins.Thegovernmentisnowconsideringaplantotrainthesaperas,astheyareknown,tovisitschoolsandzoostotellchildrenaboutforestsandwildlife.Thereisalsoaproposaltosetupa“dialasnakecharmer”servicetohelphouseholderstodealwithunwelcomeintruders.“ForgenerationstheyhavebeenafeatureofIndianlifebutnowtheycan'tearnalivingforfearofarrest,”saidBeharDutt,aconservationistbehindtheplans,“ifapolicemandoesn,tcatchthem,animalrightsactivistsreportthem.”Manysnakecharmershavecontinuedtoworkclandestinelysincetheban,despitethethreatofuptothreeyearsinjail.Buttheirtrademarkcloth-coveredbaskets,hungfromabamboopolecarriedacrosstheirshoulders,makethemaneasytargetforpolice.ThefateofShishaNath,56,fromBadarpur,avillagejustoutsideofDelhi,istypicalofpractitioners(从业者)ofthedyingart.“Iusedtoearnenoughtosupportmyfamilyandsendmychildrentoschool,"hesaid."Nowit'shardtoearnevenf,1aday.Mychildrenwanttobesnakecharmers.It,souridentity.Welovethework.Butitsbecomeimpossible.NextmonthDutt,sprojecttotrain30snakecharmerswillbeginatasnakeparkinPune,westernIndia,whereexpertswillenrichtheirhome-grownskillswithsomeformalknowledge.Morethanthelaw,though,itisthedishonestattitudeoftheirfellowcountrymanthatangersmanysnakecharmers."'We'redisturbedallthetimebutwhenpeoplewantasnakeremovedfromthehouse,theyrushtous,"saidPrakashNath,whowasorderedrecentlytothehomeofSoniaGandhi,theCongresspartyleader.Accordingtothepassage,snakecharmerswillberetrainedaswildlifeteachersmainlybecause.schoolsneedlargenumbersofsuchteachersmostofthemcannotsupporttheirfamiliestheirperformancesonthestreetarebannedthegovernmentplanstosavethedyingartThepurposeoftheproposed"dialasnakecharmer"telephoneserviceis.togiveperformanceofsnakedancingtoteachhouseholdershowtocatchandkillsnakestooffercleaningservicetowealthyhouseholderstohelpremoveunwantedsnakesfromthehousesTheword"clandestinely"inparagraph4canbebestreplacedbytheword""A.secretlyB.publiclyC.subconsciouslyD.diligentlyWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?Snakecharmerscaneasilyberecognizedbythepoliceonthestreet.Childrenofsnakecharmerswouldnotliketocontinuetheirfathers'job.Snakecharmersarequiteangrywiththeattitudeoftheirfellowcountrymen.Theanimalrightsactiviststakeanegativeattitudetowardssnakecharmers.(E)Directions:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheading,whichyoudonotneed.TuvaluanpeoplebecamerichovernightSignsofsinkinghaveappearedonTuvaiu照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻照亮人生■■・・■■■■鬻■■■・■■■■■・精诚凝聚=」成就梦想■■・■■■■■・ThenewscamethatthecountrywouldbedrownedTuvaluanpeoplehavesufferedfromseriousdiseasesDesiretoenjoylifehascausedseriousconsequencesTuvaluanpeopleareimprovingtheirlivingstandardsdespitetherisingsea.—Ifyousuddenlyreceivedalotofmoney,howwouldyouspendit?ForthepeopleofTuvalu,atinystatecomprisingnineislandsintheSouthPacific,somethingunusualhappened.In1999Tuvalu,withitspopulationof11,000,wasthethirdpooreststateintheworld.Later,TuvalureceivedadomainnameontheIntemetthelettert”.AcommunicationcompanyfromCaliforniaquicklyofferedtobuythedomainnamefor$40million.Theislandersbecameveryrich.81.—Atthesametimteheislandersreceivedsvoemreybadnews.Duetoglobalwarming,andbecausetheislandsareonly3mabovesealevel,Tuvaluwillprobablybecomethefirststateinworldtodisappearunderthesea.Accordingtoscientificestimates,theislandswillsuffersevfloodswithinthenext15-20years,andbytheendofthecentury,theislandsvillhavedisappearedfromsightaltogether..—YoucanalreadyseesignsoftherisingseaonTuvalu.Poolsofseawaterappearhereandthere,somebeachesareswallowedbythewaves,andtherootsoftreesarerottingbytheocean.Therainscausetemporaryfloods..—Butdespitetheseproblems,theTuvaluanhadtheirnewmoney.PaulLindsay,adocumentaryfilm-maker,wentallthewaytoTuvalu,andcamebackwithanincrediblestory.Asthewaterrises,theTuvaluanareusingthemoneytodeveloptheland