全国高校英语应用能力考试B级重点

全国高校英语应用能力考试B级重点难点

虚拟语气

H引导的条件从句主句

动词的过去式(be动词过去式Would/should/could/might+§tl词原形

用were)

Had+过去分词Would/should/could/might+have+过

去分词

Shoukl+动词原形/wereto+动Would/should/c（）uld/might+动词原形

词原形

虚拟语气用在状语从句中。

虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的从句中。在表示与事

实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在、过去和将来。

A.与现在事实相反的：

IfI(we,you,he,they)+动词过去式..ifI(he,she)were...I(we)should+动词原

形。He(you,they)would+动词原形。

IfIwereyou,Ishouldbuyit.

如果我是你，我就买了它。

IfIhadtime,IwouldstudyFrench.

如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。

IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldnotaskmeforhelp.

如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。

B.与过去事实相反的：

IfI(we,you,he,they)+had+过去分词，I(we)should+have+过去分词。He(you,

they)would+have+过去分词。

Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.

如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。

C.与将来事实相反的

Ifitwerefinetomorrow,!wouldgoshopping.

如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。

***有关虚拟语气的几个问题***

1)有时if引导的状语从句可以省略if,而把从句中的动词were,had或shoul

d移到主语前面。

Weresheyounger,shewoulddoit.

如果她年青点，她就会干的。

Hadheknownheraddress,hewouldhadgonetovisither.

如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。

2)有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者

一个条件从句。

Icouldhelpyou.

我本来可以帮助你。

IfIhadtime.

我要有时间该多好啊！

Sheshouldhavecometotheparty.

她应该来参加聚会。

Ifhehadmuchmoremoney.

如果他有更多的钱就能…。

3）虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。

Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.

如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。

Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldn'tdoitmuchbetterlikethis.

如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。

对过去事实相反的假设

26.1didn'tseeyourbossatthemeeting.Ifhe(come)__Jwouldhavetoldhim

thenews.(2000年6月试卷)

29.1fhadn'tdriventhecaryesterday,I(avoid)__theaccident.(2001年12试

卷)

34.1fI(notdrink)___somuchcoffeeyesterdayafternoon,Iwouldhavebeen

abletosleepwelllastnight.(2003年12月试卷)

Iftheteammembershadn'thelpedme,I(fail)_inthelast

experiment.(2005.5)

Hemightnothavebeenkilledinthetrafficaccidentyesterdayifhe(fasten)____

theseatbelt.(2005.5)A级

HadIknowntheresult,I(notask)______youtotellme.

=IfIhadknowntheresult,.......

A:l.hadcame(与过去事实相反的)2.wouldhaveavoided

3.hadnotdrunk4.wouldhavefailed

5.hadfastened6.wouldnothaveasked

Wish后面的宾语从句和Asif(though)引导的方式状语从句中要用虚拟语气

35.Hetalkedasifhe(do)____alltheworkhimself,butinfactTomandIdidmost

ofit.(2000年12月试鎏)

28.XiaoLanspeaksEnglishinawayasifshe(be)____anAmerican.(2001年

6月试卷）

21.1didn'tgowiththemtothebeachyesterday.ButIdowishIthere.

A.havebeen

B.hadbeen

C.was

D.am

(2003.6)

虚拟语气用与表示“要求，建议，命令，坚持”等that名词从句时，谓语动词

用+(should)+动词原形，should常省略

Ask,tell,suggestJnsist,propose,

advise,require,order,command,desire,request,demand,recommond

+that..(should)+动词原形

28.Itisadvisedthatwe(sign)_signanagreementrightafterthediscussion.

(2000年6月试卷)

17.HetoldmethatIbepresentattheceremony.

A)could

B)would

C)should

D)might

(2000年6月试卷)

21.Thecommitteemembersproposethattheplanpostponedforafewdays.

A)being

B)been

C)tobe

D)be

(2002年6试卷)

28.ThebossinsistedthatMr.Cooper(give)_____uphisexperimentatonce.

(2002年12试卷)

Thechairmanrequiredthateveryspeaker(limit)___himselfto15

minutes.(2004.6)

Isuggestedthathe(call)______onthedirectoraweeklater.(2005.1)

Jane'sparentsinsistedthatshe(return)homebefore9:00.

Itis(high/about)time(that)+动词的过去式…的主语从句的虚拟语气

25.It'shightimewesomethingtostoproadaccidents.

A)did

B)aredoing

C)willdo

D)do(2001年6试卷)(PRETCO)

Itishightimewe(start)_started_topayattentiontosuchmistakes.

Youlooksotiredtonight.Itis(high/about)timeyou(go)_went_tobed.

Itisimportant/essential/necessary/natural/strange/apity/nowonder

+that结

构中的主语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形

22.It'snecessarythattheprobleminsomewayorother.

A)issettled

B)wassettled

C）besettled

D）hasbeensettled

（2001年12试卷）

24.Itisimportantthatthecommittee__abouttheprojectatonce.

A.beinformed

B.isinformed

C.willbeinformed

D.beinginformed（2003年12月试卷）

被动

被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其构成为be+过去分词。

e.g.Theywillwidentheroad.（主动）

Theroadwillbewidened.（被动）

Thematterwillbedealedwithassoonaspossible.

1.被动语态的各种时态形式表:

一般时态进行时态完成时态

现amamHas

在

is}askedis}beingaskedHave}beenasked

areare

过

waswasHadbeenasked

去

were}askedwere}beingasked

将

shallshall

来

will}beasked}havebeen

asked

will

过

ShouldShould

去

}beasked}havebeen

将

Wouldasked

来

would

2.情态动词的被动语态：

含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态时，结构为：

一般式：情态动词(can,could,may,might,must,should,need等)+

be+过去分词

完成式：情态动词+have+过去分词

e.g.Thiscanbedonebyhand.这可以手工做。（一般式）

Theprojectmighthavebeencompletedearlier.这项工程本可以早

些完工的。（完成式）

3.begoingto等不定式结构的被动形式：

begoingto/oughtto/beto/beboundto/besureto/becertainto/

bedueto/beaboutto/have（has）to/hadto+be+过去分词（to不可省

略）

e.g.Notacouldwastobeseen.看不至——丝云彩。

Theenemyisboundtobedefeated.敌人一定会被打败。

Whenwillthework（complete）?

23.Thisisoneofthelongestbridgethatonthisriver.

A)iseverbuilt

B)haseverbeenbuilt

C)waseverbuilt

D)haseverbuilt

(2000年6月试卷)

31.Ifthemedicine(take)___intime,itwillbequiteeffective.(2001

年6月试卷)

23_.Sincetheintroductionofthenewtechnique,theproductioncost

greatly.

A)reduces

B)isreduced

C)isreducing

D)hasbeenreduced

(2000年12月试卷)

18.,hecanquicklyfindoutwhat'swrongwiththemachine.

A)Havingbeenwelltrained

B)Havingwelltrained

C)Tobewelltrained

D)Tohavebeenwelltrained

(2000年12月试卷)

27.Thesepillsshould(keep)_____outofthereachofchildren.(2001.6)

23.Theprojecttoclearupthepollutedriverbytheendofnext

year.

A)willhavebeencompleted

B)willhavecompleted

C)isbeingcompleted

D)hasbeencompleted

(2002年6月试卷)

31.Thenoisewassoloudthatitcould(hear)fromfaraway.(2002

年6月试卷)

32.Thehousewiththefurniture(buy)for$50,000lastyear.(2002.12)

Sixtypeople(employ)___inthisbigfactorylastyear.(2004.12)

Nothingcan(do)unlesswearegivenmoreinformationaboutthe

situation.(2005.1)

Mostofthemachineintheworkshopnextmonth.(2005.5)

A.arerepairedB.havebeenrepairedC.wererepairedD.willbe

repaired

Thetrain(delay)_wasdelayed_____byfogandarrivedlate.

Threehundredcars(sell)—havebennsoldsincethebeginningofthe

year.

倒装

1.当否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。这类词或词组常用的

有：

Never,seldom,rarely,little,scarcely(几乎不),hardly,not,nowhere,not

often,notabit(一点也不)，notuntil,stillless(更少)，onnoaccount

(绝不)，notonanyaccount,hardly…when・・・，nosooner…than…，onno

consideration(决不),neither-^nor,notonly-butalso,innoway(决不),

bynomeans,atontime(从不)，notonceortwice(许多次)

18.NotuntilIbegantoworkhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.

A)haveIrealized

B)Ihaverealized

C)didIrealize

D)Irealized

(2000.6)

23.Littlethatthepoliceareabouttoarresthim.

A)heknows

B)hedoesn,tknow

C)doesheknow

D)doesn,theknow(2001年6月试卷)

16.thedangerasheclimbedupthestairs.

A.Littlethebabyrealized

B.Thebabylittlerealized

C.Littlethebabydidrealized

D.Littledidthebabyrealize

2.only+状语位于句首表示强调时要用倒装：

e.g.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.

Wecanlearnenglishwellonlyinthisway.

现在分词过去分词做定语

24.I’veneverseentheyoungmannexttothedirector.

A)sits

B)sitting

C)sat

D)tosit

(2001年6月试卷)

33.Therewasastranger(stand)atthedoor.(2002年6月试卷)

29.1noticedthattherewasaman(draw)picturesontheground.

(2003年6月试卷)

30.Givetheapplicationtotheman(sit)atthatdesk,please.(2003

年12月试卷)

比较级最高级在B级考试中的应用

26.Thechairmanemphasizedhisideasbyspeaking

more(loud).(2000.12)

29.Livinginthecountryisless(expense)thanlivinginthe

city.(2000.12)

35.Couldyougotobed(early)thanyouusuallydo?(2000.12)

32.Everydaythedirectoristhe(late)persontoleavethe

office.(2001.6)

16.AsEdisongrew,heneverlosthisinterestinscience.

A)elder

B)older

C)theelder

D)theoldest(2002年6试卷)

22.ThebookismoredifficultthattheoneIrecommendedtoyou.

A)rather

B)much

C)very

D)so(2002年6试卷)

22.Thetheproposalisconsidered,theworseitappears.

A.carefully

B.muchcarefully

Cemorecarefully

D.mostcarefully(2003年12试卷)

27.Iwanttorentanewapartmentthatis(comfortable)thanhisone.

(2003年12试卷)

Johnisthe(clever)studentIhaveevertaught.(2004.6)

33.ThephotosofMarstakenbysatellitesare(clear)thanthose

takenfromEarth.(02.12)

Ofallthehotelsinthecity,thisoneisthe(good).(06.5)

Yaomingisoneof(famous)basketballplayersintheworld.

Thelouderheshouted,the(little)heconvincedanyone.

Thesunisthe(big)thingwecanweewhenwelookupatthesky.

Theproblem(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayhasnotbeensolved

yet.(过去分词作定语)

动名词在B级考试中的应用

Enjoy/avoid/admit/finish/practice+doing

Stopdoingsth停止做某事

Goondoingsth继续做某事

Beworthdoingsth值得做某事

Giveupdoing放弃做某事

Lookforwardtosth/doing期望，盼望某事

Spend(time,money)(in)doingsth花费时间，金钱做某事

Spend(time,money)onsth

Haveaproblem/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsth做某事有麻烦/困难

Be/getusedtodoingsth习惯与做某事

Preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事

Keepsbdoingsth让某人一直做某事

(2000年12月试卷)

33.Theystopped(search)forthemissingplaneastheweatherwas

veryrough.

30.ThechildrenfromtheUSgotusedto(eat)Chinesefoodquite

soon.

(2001年12试卷)

30.Hearingthebellring,thestudentsstopped(joke)witheachother.

34.Thegirlshappilylookforwardto(see)themoviestaratthe

party.

34.Idon'tmind(have)adoginthehousesolongasit'sclean

anditdoesn'tsmell.

(2002年6试卷)

21.Thisnovelisworthreading,becauseitgivesadetaileddescription

ofthehistoricalin1949.

A)accidents

B)cases

C)events

D)things(2002年12试卷)

25.Mr.BlackislookingforwardtohisChinesepartnersoon.

A)seeing

B)see

C)beseeing

D)haveseen(2002年12试卷)

26.Themainbenefitof(work)withthecompanyistheopportunity

totravelabroad.(2002年12试卷)

29.Shewasnothappybecausehehadkepther(wait)forhalfan

hour.(2002年12试卷)

34.Iwonderedwhytheboyoftenavoided(talk)withhisclassmates.

(2003年6试卷)

28.Didyouhaveanydifficult(get)avisatoBritain?((2003年

12试卷))

16.Oneofmyforeignfriendsislookingforwardtomycountry.

A)visit

B)visiting

C)havingvisited

D)bevisiting(2000.6)

34.1wonderedwhytheboyoftenavoided(talk)withhis

classmates.(03,6)

WhenJennycametoBritain,shehadtogetusedto(drive)onthe

left.(2004.12)

SomeAmericanbusinessmeninChinaarespendingalotoftimein

(learn)Chinese.(2005.5)

Thatnewfilmisworth(see)forthesecondtime.(06.5)

30.Hearingthebellring,thestudentsstopped(joke)witheach

other.(01.12)

Idon'tmindthechildren(play)inthegarden,butIwon'thave

themwalkovermyflowers.

Havesthdone句型

30.Johnwenttotownyesterdayandhadhiscomputer(repair)there.

(2002年6试卷)

Itis/was•••that/who强调句

16.ItwasinChinatheagreementwassigned.

A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that(2003年12试卷