中学英语试卷(DOC)

毕业院校毕业院校准考证号姓名装订线内不要答题………………装…………………订…………………线………………（第=PAGE3*2-15页，共=NUMPAGES13*226页）（第=PAGE3*26页，共=NUMPAGES13*226页）2012年考试中学英语试题第一部分得分第二部分得分总分第一部分公共基础知识本大题共30个小题，每小题1分，共30分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。请把正确的选项填在下面的表格内。题号123456789101112131415阅卷人答案题号161718192021222324252627282930答案1．普通中小学(包括实施九年制义务教育的小学、初中和高中)教育的性质是什么？A．基础教育B．高等教育C．学前教育D．中等教育2．《学记》上说“不陵节而施”，这句话体现了什么教学原则？A．循序渐进教学原则B．启发性教学原则C．因材施教教学原则D．巩固性教学原则3．启发式教学是：A．一种具体的教学方法B．教学形式C．教学的指导思想D．教学的组织形式4．学生既是教育的对象，又是教育过程中的主体。学生主体作用的最高表现形式为：A．自觉性B．独立性C．创造性D．主动性5．课外校外教育是对课堂教学的一种：A．延展B．必要补充C．深化D．变革6．中国历史上最早提出“教学相长”的著作是：A．《大学》B．《中庸》C．《学记》D．《春秋》7．实用主义教育流派的代表人物是:A．夸美纽斯B．赫尔巴特C．裴斯泰洛齐D．杜威8．普通中小学经常组织诸如生物、物理、航模等兴趣小组，主要是为了:A．深化课堂教学

B．培养竞赛人才C．因材施教，发展青少年个性特长

D．充分发掘学有余力的学生的学习潜力9．教学的教育性主要体现在教学过程的哪一条基本规律中?A．间接经验与直接经验相结合的规律B．教师主导作用与学生主体作用相统一的规律C．掌握知识和发展智力相统一的规律D．传授知识与思想品德教育相统一的规律10．教学过程的中心环节是:A．感知教材、形成表象B．理解教材、形成概念C．巩固与保持知识D．运用知识，形成技能技巧11．学生的“向师性”和模仿性的心理特征决定了教师的劳动具有:A．示范性B．复杂性C．主体性D．长期性12．班集体形成的主要标志之一是:A．成立了班委会B．开展了班级工作C．形成了正确舆论D．确定了班级工作计划13．智力属于人的认识能力，其核心是：A．注意力B．观察力C．思维力D．想象力14．心理现象的产生方式属下面哪一种？A．精神活动B．反射活动C．意识活动D．技能活动15．“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”这句话反映了下列哪种因素对人的发展的影响？A．环境B．遗传C．教育D．社会活动16．学生年龄特征中所指的两个方面是:A．认识和情感的特征B．情感和意志的特征C．气质和性格的特征D．生理和心理的特征17．正确的及时复习应该是指：A．学习结束时复习B．当天复习第二部分中学英语学科知识题号一二三四合计阅卷人得分一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。请把各小题的答案填到下面表格中。题号12345678910答案题号1112131415答案1.Allthrough_______history,Englishhasgonethroughhugechangesandthelanguagecameinto_______widespreaduseinthe14thcentury. A.the;不填 B.the;a C.不填;不填 D.不填;a2.IhavereadthenovelHarryPotter7byJ.K.Rowling,butIpreferthetelevision_______. A.comment B.version C.origin D.revision3.Accordingtothenewregulation,anIDcardis________passengershavetopresentwhenbuyingrailwaytickets. A.that B.whether C.when D.what4.Supportersofwushu,aChinesemartialart,wouldliketoseeit_______intotheOlympics. A.enter B.tobeentered C.toenter D.entered5.Ifyouareawayfromyourhometownforaverylongtime,allmemoryofyourchildhoodwillendup_______fromyourmind. A.fading B.tofade C.tohavefaded D.tofading6.—Michael,lookatthetime._______youstayuplatetowatchtheliveEuroCup?—Sorry,mom.ButIhavenoclassestomorrow. A.May B.Can C.Must D.Shall7.Becauseofpoorperformance,theheadcoachhasresignedandtheteamwillget_______byanewcoachfromGermany. A.turneddown B.pickedup C.figuredout D.takenover8.—HaveyoueverheardofBraille?—Yes,it’sasystemcreatedbyLouisBraille,_______eachletterisrepresentedbypatternsofsixraiseddots.A.when B.where C.whose D.which9.Ratherthantalktotheirparents,manychildrenprefer_______secretswithmagazineadvicecolumnistsbyletter. A.sharing B.tohaveshared C.toshare D.havingshared10.Truefriendshipislikegoodhealth,whosevalueisseldomknown_______itislost.A.when B.though C.since D.until11.Thoughhehasmadegoodpreparationsfortheexam,heis_______aboutmakingpredictionsforthesuccess. A.crazy B.sensitive C.cautious D.anxious12.Thestudent,whenquestionedwhyhe_______withhispartner,justlookedattheteacherandsaidnothing. A.quarrels B.wasquarreling C.hasquarreled D.hadquarreled13.—Hello,Henry,itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Pleasegohomeandgetintheclothes.—Well,honey,IjustcalledJohnsonnextdoortodothatforme._______. A.Nevermind B.Allright C.Noproblem D.Takecare14.Whiletheadvertisementsfortheseasidehouses_______tothepublic,theyhaven’tbroughttherealestatebusinessanincreasingsale. A.appeal B.attach C.add D.apply15.—Linda,whydidyoukeepquietduringbreakfast?Anythingwrong?—No,Ijustdislike_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthfull. A.you B.it C.one D.them二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。请把各小题的答案填到下面表格中。题号16171819202122232425答案题号26272829303132333435答案WhenmyoldersonwasdiagnosedwithAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,myfirstreactionwas16—Ifinallyknewthereasonforhisbehavior.However,Iwasalsooverwhelmedwithsadness,fearandanger.Likemanyothersinsimilarcircumstances,myquestiontoGodwas"Whyme?"ThroughthegraceofGod,Iamnowabletofocusonmygratitude.IbelieveGod17metoraisemysonbecauseheknewthatIwouldgivehimthebestIhave.Hewillteachmetoloveandunderstandhimfor18heis.IamgratefulthatIhavemyson,andgratefulthatGodchosemetobehismother.Thereispowerandhealingingratitude.Gratitudeisa19motivatorwhenyouneedcooperation.Whenenlistingthehelpofmytwoyears-old,Ipraisehimoftenandwith20.Ilethimknowthatheisagreathelper.IknowIamteachinghimappreciationbecausehe21ittome.TheotherdayIbroughtabunchofmulti-coloredroseshome.Forfivedays,atleastonceortwiceaday,mysonthankedmefortheflowers.Whenlifeisgood,gratitudeis22.Itbecomesmore23tobegratefulwhenweareexperiencinghardtimes.Financialhardship,long-term24,thedeathofalovedoneandmarriageconflictcanallbe25anddifficult.Itishardtofindanythingtobegratefulfor.But26painisinevitable,sufferingisoptional.Wehaveachoiceinhowwe27ourcircumstances.WecanturnourheartstoGodand28thathehasaplanforus.Wecanbe29forthelessonswelearnandthe30forpersonalgrowthandtransformation.Lookatallthepeopleinthisworldwho31thegiftstheyreceivedduringespeciallydifficulttimesoftheirlife.Itisthepainfultimesofmylifethathavemademestronger,wiser,andmorelovingtoday.Sohowcanwe32ourenergylevelandopenourhearttojoy?Onepowerfulwayisto33anattitudeofgratitude.Listentoyourheartandtheheartofyourlovedones.Speakwordsofaffirmationeverydayofyourlife.Begratefulforyourlife34allitslessonsandblessings.Themoregratefulthoughtsandfeelingsyouexperiencethemoreinstrumental(有帮助的)youwillbein35theworld.16.A.relief B.shock C.fear D.anxiety17.A.urged B.chose C.helped D.reminded18.A.what B.where C.who D.how19.A.foolish B.painful C.uncertain D.wonderful20.A.compassion B.difficulty C.enthusiasm D.tolerance21.A.recommends B.expresses C.guides D.lends22.A.easy B.difficult C.valuable D.unusual23.A.systematic B.challenging C.complicated D.accessible24.A.effect B.memory C.solution D.illness25.A.misleading B.thrilling C.trying D.boring26.A.as B.while C.since D.unless27.A.view B.change C.enjoy D.predict28.A.pretend B.insist C.promise D.trust29.A.careful B.thoughtful C.thankful D.harmful30.A.avenues B.opportunities C.responsibilities D.platforms31.A.share B.donate C.abandon D.exchange32.A.lower B.approach C.organize D.raise33.A.develop B.drop C.extend D.create34.A.through B.with C.beyond D.from35.A.conquering B.abandoning C.healing D.warning三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。请把各小题的答案填到下面表格中。题号36373839404142434445答案题号4647484950答案AIt’snotclearatwhatagekidsbegintodream.Whilealmosteverychildhasanoccasionalfrighteningorupsettingdream,nightmaresseemtopeakduringthepreschoolyearswhenfearofthedarkiscommon.Butolderkidshaveoccasionalnightmares,too.Helpingkidsconquerthiscommonchildhoodfearequipsthemtoovercomeotherscarythingsthatmightarisedowntheroad. Reassureyourchildthatyou’rethere.Yourcalmpresencehelpsyourchildfeelsafeandprotectedafterwakingupfeelingafraid.Knowingyou’llbetherehelpsstrengthenyourchild’ssenseofsecurity.Labelwhat’shappened.Letyourchildknowthatitwasanightmareandnowit’sover.Youmightsaysomethinglike,“Youhadabaddream,butnowyou’reawakeandeverythingisOK.”Reassureyourchildthatthescarystuffinthenightmaredidn’thappenintherealworld.Doyourmagic.Withpreschoolersandyoungschool-agekidswhohavevividimaginations,themagicalpowersofyourloveandprotectioncanworkwonders.Youmightbeabletomakethepretendmonstersdisappearwithadoseofpretendmonsterspray.Goaheadandchecktheclosetandunderthebed,reassuringyourchildthatall’sclear.Moodlighting.Anight-lightorahalllightcanhelpkidsfeelsafeinadarkenedroomastheygetreadytogobacktosleep.Abedsideflashlightcanbeagoodnightmare-chaser.Helpyourchildgobacktosleep.Offeringsomethingcomfortingmighthelpchangethemood.Tryanyofthesetoaidthetransitionbacktosleep:afavoritestuffedanimaltohold,ablanket,pillow,night-light,dreamcatcher,orsoftmusic.Ordiscusssomepleasantdreamsyourchildwouldliketohave.Andmaybesealitbygivingyourchildakisstohold—inthepalmofhisorherhand—asyoutiptoeoutoftheroom.Beagoodlistener.Noneedtotalkmorethanbrieflyaboutthenightmareintheweehours—justhelpyourchildfeelcalm,safe,andprotected,andreadytogobacktosleep.Butinthemorning,yourchildmaywanttotellyouallaboutlastnight’sscarydream.Bytalkingaboutit—maybeevendrawingthedreamorwritingaboutit—inthedaylight,manyscaryimageslosetheirpower.Yourchildmightenjoythinkingupanewendingtothescarydream.Formostkids,nightmaresarenotcauseforconcern,andsimplyrequireaparent’scomfortandreassurance.Talktoyourdoctorifnightmaresoftenpreventyourchildfromgettingenoughsleeporiftheyoccuralongwithotheremotionalorbehavioraltroubles.36.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Lightsshouldbecarefullyconsideredduringkid’sroomdecoration.B.Parentsshouldbeagoodlistenerifkidswanttotalkaboutthescarydream.C.ToassurekidsallisOKafterthenightmare,parentsshouldbetrainedtobemagicians.D.Helpingkidsdealwithnightmarecanpreparethemtocopewithotherfearsinlife.37.Howmanytipshavebeengiveninthepassage? A.5. B.6. C.7. D.8. 38.Thepassageismostlikelychosenfrom_______. A./parent/B.http://www.kidsindependent.co.uk/parent/C./parent/D./parent/39.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage? A.WhatCausesNightmaresB.WhoMayHaveNightmares C.HowtoEnsureSweetDreams D.HowtoCopeWithaNightmareBWhatcanhelpyoumakeafortuneinthefuture?Graduatingfromatopuniversitymightnotbeenough.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofEssexinBritainhasshownthatthemorefriendsyouhaveinschool,themoremoneyyou’llearnlater.Theideathatpopularitycouldhaveaseriousimpactonone’searningpotentialshouldn’tcomeastoomuchofasurprise.Theresearchersnotedthatifyouwanttogetaheadinlife,socialskillsandnetworkingareeasilyaspowerfulastalentandhardwork.“Ifapersonhaslotsoffriends,itmeansthatheorshehastheabilitytogetalongwithothersinallkindsofdifferentsituations,”saidXuYanchun,17,fromNantouMaybethat’swhysomepeoplethinktheyoungergenerationsareintheageofFriendalholism(交友狂症).AwomanevencomplainedthatthenetworkingwebsiteFacebook’s5,000-friendlimitwastoolowforherlargereserveofsocialcontacts.Butwhatdoesafriendmean?Shouldfriendsberegardedasaformofcurrency?“Callmeuncool,butIthinkofafriendasanactualpersonwithwhomIhaveanactualhistoryandwhomIenjoyactuallyseeing.Itseems,however,thatthisisnolongerthedefinitionof‘friend’,”saidMeghanDaum,whoworkswithTheLosAngelesTimesintheUS.Daumdespisedtheideathatquantitytrumpsqualityintheageoffriendaholism.Shethoughttheideaoffriendship,atleastamongthegrowingpopulationofInternetsocialnetworkers,wasonlytogetasmanyofnot-really-friendsaspossible.Forexample,afriendmightbesomeoneyoumightknowpersonallybutwhocouldjustaseasilybethefriendofafriendofsomeotherFacebookfriendyoudon’tactuallyknow.Althoughsheagreedthatsocialtiesgrease(润滑)thewheelsoflife,shealsowarned,“Toobad!Onethingmoneycan’tbuyisarealfriend.”40.Whichofthefollowingismainlydiscussedinthepassage? A.Fortune. B.Friendship. C.Socialskills. D.Thenetworld.41.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoraccept? A.Popularityhasthemosteffectonone’searningpotential. B.Talentsandhardworkhavethemosteffectonone’searningpotential. C.Graduationfromatopuniversityhaslittleeffectonone’searningpotential. D.Socialskillsandnetworkinghaveagreateffectonone’searningpotential.42.AccordingtoDaum,whichofthefollowingistrue? A.Friendsshouldberegardedasaformofcurrency. B.It’sgreattogetmanynot–really–friendsonthenet. C.Havingalotoffriendsdoesn’tmeanrealfriendship. D.Facebook’s5,000friendlimitissurelytoolow.CIfyouareamaleandyouarereadingthis,congratulations:youareasurvivor.Accordingtostatistics,youaremorethantwicelikelytodieofskincancerthanawoman,andninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyournaturalterm,about78yearsoldformeninAustralia,youwilldieonaveragefiveyearsbeforeawoman.Therearemanyreasonsforthis—typically,mentakemorerisksthanwomenandaremorelikelytodrinkandsmokebutperhapsmoreimportantly,mendon’tgotothedoctor.“Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshould,”saysDr.Gullotta,“itisparticularlysoforover-40s,whendiseasestendtostrike.”Gollottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctorseveryyearortwo.Forthoseover45,itshouldbeatleastonceayear.TwomonthsagoGullottasawa50-year-oldmanwhohaddelayeddoinganythingabouthissmoker’scoughforayear.“WhenIfinallysawhimithadalreadyspreadandhediedfromlungcancer,”hesays,“earlierdetectionandtreatmentmaynothavecuredhim,butitwouldhaveprolongedhislife.”Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%ofwomenagedbetween15andearly40sseeadoctoronceayear,comparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.“Alotofmenthinktheyareinvincible(不可战胜的),”Gullottasays.“Theyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythink,‘Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim…’”Thenthereistheostrichapproach.“Somemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknow,”saysDr.RossCartmill.“Mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodies,”Cartmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.“Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrainonthepublicpurse,”Cartmillsays,“Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthediseases.Besides,theultimatecostisfargreater:itiscalledprematuredeath.”43.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatethemalereaderatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Theyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlife.B.Theyaremorelikelynottohaveseriousdiseasestoday.C.Theyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticle.D.Theiraveragelifespanhasbeenconsiderablyextended.44.What’sthemainreasonwhymendieearlieronaveragethanwomenaccordingtothispassage?A.Mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethanwomen.B.Mendon’tseekmedicalcareasoftenaswomen.C.Menaren’tascautiousaswomeninfaceofdanger.D.Menaremorelikelytosufferfromterminaldiseases.45.Whichofthefollowingcanbesttaketheplaceoftheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraph?A.final. B.initial. C.total. D.fundamental.46.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Mentakemorerisksthanwomeninhealth.B.Womentakemorerisksthanmeninhealth.C.Menrefusetogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolved.D.Menareunwillingtoknowtheirdiseasesbecauseoffear.DWhenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheerthemselvesbyrememberingthatlifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.Marslooksliketheonlyplanetwherelifelikeourscouldexist,andeventhisisdoubtful.Buttheremaybeotherkindsoflifebasedonotherkindsofchemistry,andtheymaymultiplyonVenusorJupiter.Atleastwecannotproveatpresentthattheydonot. Evenmoreinterestingisthepossibilitythatlifeontheirplanetsmaybeinamoreadvancedstageofevolution.Present-daymanisinapeculiarandprobablytemporarystage.Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives.Butman’ssocietiesarealreadysufficientlydevelopedtohaveenormouslymorepowerandeffectivenessthantheindividualshave. Itisnotlikelythatthistransitionalsituationwillcontinueverylongontheevolutionarytimescale.Fiftythousandyearsfromnowman’ssocietiesmayhavebecomesoclose-knitthattheindividualsretainnosenseofseparatepersonality.Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion. Theexplorersofspaceshouldbepreparedforsomesuchsituation.Iftheyarriveonaforeignplanetthathasreachedanadvancedstage(andthisisbynomeansimpossible),theymayfinditbeinginhabitedbyasinglelargeorganismcomposedofmanycloselycooperatingunits. Theunitsmaybe“secondary”machinescreatedmillionsofyearsagobyapreviousformoflifeandgiventhewillandabilitytosurviveandreproduce.Theymaybebuiltentirelyofmetalsandotherdurablematerials.Ifthisisthecase,theymaybemuchmoretolerantoftheirenvironment,multiplyingunderconditionsthatwoulddestroyimmediatelyanyorganismmadeofcarboncompoundsanddependentonthefamiliarcarboncycle. Suchcreaturesmightberelicsofapastage,manymillionsofyearsago,whentheirplanetwasfavorabletotheoriginoflife,ortheymightbeimmigrantsfromafavoredplanet.47.Whatdoestheword“cheer”(Line2,Para1)imply? A.Imaginativemenaresureofsuccessinfindinglifeonotherplanets. B.Imaginativemenaredelightedtofindlifeonotherplanets. C.Imaginativemenarehappytofindadifferentkindoflifeexistingonotherplanets.D.Imaginativemencanbepleasedwiththeideathattheremightexistdifferentformsoflifeonotherplanets.48.HumansonEarthtodayarecharacterizedby_______. A.theirexistenceasfreeandseparatebeings B.theircapabilityoflivingunderfavorableconditions C.theirgreat