GMAT南极臭氧考题

GMAT逻辑机经能够指引人们在阅读的道路上不再迷茫，这不GMAT阅读机经就来为你指明道路，小编就在这寒冬中为大家吹来一股GMAT机经的暖风，为大家分享GMAT阅读机经，希望大家能感受到这股暖意，并把它化为能量，在GMAT考试的道路上勇往直前。360教育集团介绍，关于南极地区的臭氧层变化对气候的影响，提到一个什么winds，然后说到南极圈臭氧黑洞在近几年的逐步恢复过程中，对全球的气候会造成一些影响(提到说南美洲会变湿润，这里第一题就问这个，然后澳大利亚会变干燥。题目是说假设黑洞恢复，会对全球经济的至少正面的一些影响，我选的是说墨西哥一些干燥少雨的地方会受益。剩下的题记不清了)。考古&补充材料：(确认)1.2.1臭氧空间ByhuiwaziV1刚想到有篇月度，就是说臭氧层空洞，文章前面说臭氧层空洞会晒伤，但是最主要的是说空洞和大气之间的作用力会导致风的改变，从而导致南澳洲的天气变化。V2bytompry760关于臭氧层空洞的，分两段，不长，第一段大致介绍了南极圈上的臭氧层的基本概况。记得有一道题要选择臭氧的浓度在不同季节不同第二段讲的是空洞进一步扩大会造成的后果。这里有到选择题，我选的是澳大利亚的人会担心变干的天气会造成火灾。V2是臭氧层的第一段有说臭氧层里的某个物质在springtime里low，吸收的紫外线少，所以温度低(这个觉得挺奇怪的)第二段里面说这个臭氧层破坏的影响然后又说科学家发现臭氧层在recovery，接着预测fullrecovery之后的影响，澳大利亚会变干，南美会变湿，对南半球的风有影响(促进还是减弱忘了)，南极洲也会受到影响，这里有except题，V3ozone的，在artantic(拼的不对)上空，不同季节厚度不一样，吸收紫外线防晒伤。还有影响澳大利亚，变得更干燥。。的风有影响(促进还是减弱忘了)，南极洲也会受到影响(有一个问题问的是fullrecovery以后谁会得意，答案是南美洲那些饱受旱灾困扰的农民)V12byweizhui1208770jj超级全基本都考到了有考如果空洞继续填补，最大受益者是谁丫。Lz选的南美洲那些以前被干旱折磨的农民(因为原文说了南美会变wet嘛)有考如果空洞急需填补，会发生except。lz选的B还是C来着，反正带“humidity”那个选项，其他原文都有吧，当时细细看了的V13by取巧740第一段介绍臭氧的作用(不重要)，然后是臭氧的一个变化，引起一种wind盛行。第二段是说这种现象的影响。(有题，问第二段的作用，我选的是第二段是对第一段提出的现象的进一步解释，反正选有explain这个词的就对了)但是有一道题，问的是如果臭氧恢复了，会有什么影响，要求选except定位第二段。我在A和B当中犹豫半天。因为A中有一个什么大陆，B改变了降水我最后还是拿不准。因为文章说的澳大利亚变干了，南美变干了。有同学google到一定背景知识，大家可以参考下AfullrecoveryofthestratosphericozoneholecouldmodifyclimatechangeintheSouthernHemisphereandevenamplifyAntarcticwarming,accordingtoscientistsfromtheUniversityofColoradoatBoulder,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationandNASA.WhileEarth‘saveragesurfacetemperatureshavebeenincreasing,theinteriorofAntarcticahasexhibitedauniquecoolingtrendduringtheaustralsummerandfallcausedbyozonedepletion,saidJudithPerlwitzoftheCooperativeInstituteforResearchinEnvironmentalSciences,ajointinstituteofCU-BoulderandNOAA.“Ifthesuccessfulcontrolofozone-depletingsubstancesallowsforafullrecoveryoftheozoneholeoverAntarctica,wemayfinallyseetheinteriorofAntarcticabegintowarmwiththerestoftheworld,”Perlwitzsaid.PerlwitzisleadauthorofanewstudyonthesubjecttobepublishedApril26inGeophysicalResearchLetters.Co-authorsincludeStevenPawsonandEricNielsonofNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenterinGreenbelt,Md.,andRyanFogtandWilliamNeffofNOAA‘sEarthSystemResearchLaboratoryinBoulder.ThestudywassupportedbyNASA’sModelingandAnalysisProgram.TheauthorsusedaNASAsupercomputermodelthatincludedinteractionsbetweentheclimateandstratosphericozonechemistrytoexaminehowchangesintheozoneholeinfluenceclimateandweathernearEarth‘ssurface,saidPerlwitz.Thestudyauthorscalculatedthatwhenstratosphericozonelevelsreturntonearpre-1969levelsbytheendofthe21stcentury,large-scaleatmosphericcirculationpatternsnowshieldingtheAntarcticinteriorfromwarmerairmassestothenorthwillbegintobreakdownduringtheaustralsummer.ThecirculationpatternsarecollectivelyknownasapositivephaseoftheSouthernAnnularMode,orSAM.Thescientistsfoundthatasozonelevelsrecover,thelowerstratosphereoverthepolarregionwillabsorbmoreharmfulultravioletradiationfromthesun.Thiscouldcauseairtemperaturesroughly6to12milesaboveEarth’ssurfacetorisebyasmuchas16degreesFahrenheit,reducingthestrongnorth-southtemperaturegradientthatcurrentlyfavorsthepositivephaseofSAM,saidtheresearchteam.ThesupercomputermodelingeffortalsoindicatedthatozoneholerecoverywouldweakentheintensewesterlywindsthatcurrentlywhiparoundAntarcticaandblockairmassesfromcrossingintothecontinent‘sinterior.Asaresult,Antarcticawouldnolongerbeisolatedfromthewarmingpatternsaffectingtherestoftheworld.NASA’sPawsonsaidozonerecoveryoverAntarcticawouldessentiallyreversesummertimeclimateandatmosphericcirculationchangesthathavebeencausedbythepresenceoftheozonehole.“Itappearsthatozone-inducedclimatechangeoccurredquickly,over20to30years,inresponsetotherapidonsetoftheozonehole,”hesaid.“Theseseasonalchangeswilldecaymoreslowlythantheybuiltup,sinceittakeslongertocleansethestratosphereofozone-depletinggasesthanittookforthemtobuildup.”Theseasonalshiftinlarge-scalecirculationpatternscouldhaverepercussionsforAustraliaandSouthAmericaaswell.OtherstudieshaveshownthatthepositivephaseofSAMisassociatedwithcoolertemperaturesovermuchofAustraliaandincreasedrainfalloverAustralia‘ssoutheastcoastline.Duringlatespringandearlysummer,thepositivephaseofSAMalsoisassociatedwithdrierconditionsinSouthAmerica’sproductiveagriculturalareaslikeArgentina,Brazil,UruguayandParaguay,saidPerlwitz.IfozonerecoveryinducesashiftawayfromapositiveSAM,AustraliacouldexperiencewarmeranddrierconditionswhileSouthAmericacouldgetwetter,shesaid.ButjusthowinfluentialafullstratosphericozonerecoverywillbeonSouthernHemisphereclimatelargelydependsonthefuturerateofgreenhousegasemissions,accordingtotheGRLauthors.Projectedincreasesinhuman-emittedgreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxidewillbethemaindriverforstrengtheningthepositivephaseofSAM.“Inrunningourmodelsimulations,weass