2022-2023年江西省赣州市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022-2023年江西省赣州市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Theadvantageofhavingepisodicmemoryliesinthatitcan______.

2.

Telechericsisconcernedwiththeuseofremotemanipulatorscontrolledbyhumans.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Whathasbroughtaboutunbelievableadvancementoftheglobaleconomyinthelatest20years?

A.TopAmericanmanager.

B.Globalcapitalism.

C.Technologyandeconomicintegration.

D.Thegloballaborforce.

4.

Themostcommonmistakebeginningpaintersmakeisspendingtoo______timeandeffortlayingonthepaint.

5.

Ourmemoriesareourmostimportantpropertiesinthat______.

6.

Whatisthemostimportantreasonthatmakespeopleeat?

A.Physicalneed.

B.Physicaldesire.

C.Psychologicalneed.

D.Psychologicaldesire.

7.

HispanicwomeninAmericahavethehighestTFRamongalltheethnicgroups.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

HackerscoulddoamazingthingsinAPLwithjust______.

9.NewHopesforPreventingAIDS

Thesuccessofanti-retroviral(抑止肿瘤病毒)drugsintreatingHIVisgettingresearchersatthe16thInternationalAIDSconferenceexcitedattheprospectthatthepotentmedicinesmightbeexploitedtoperform.doubleduty.WhynotusethepoweroftheseARVstopreventanHIVtransmissionorinfectionfromtakingholdinthefirstplace?BillandMelindaGatesaskedthatprovocativequestionontheopeningdayoftheconference,andarecommittingtheirconsiderablefinancialresourcestowardfindingananswer.Intheirremarks,theyhighlightedtheneedtodevelopmicrobicidesandoral-preventiondrugswhilewewaitforavaccine.AndtheywillgettheirfirsthintathowsmarttheirdecisionwasthisThursday,whenscientistsfromWestAfricareporttheinitialresultsfromthefirsttrialstudyinganoralpreventiondrug.

SohowrealisticaretheGatesinexpectingevenmorefromtheARVs?"Idothinktherangeofpreventionoptionswehavewithinthenextdecadewillgreatlyexpand,"saysDr.HeleneGayle,PresidentofCareUSAandco-chairoftheconference."Thebiologicplausibilityforbothmicrobicidesandoral-preventiondragsissogreat."Dr.MarkDybul,U.S.GlobalAIDSCoordinator,saidthatifamicrobicideorpreventiondrugbecomesavailabletoprotectpeoplefrominfections,theywouldbefundedunderthePresident'sEmergencyPlanforAIDSReliefifcountrieschosetousethem."Wewouldsupportallofthat;itwouldbeperfectlywithinourmandatetodoallthat,"hetoldTIME.

PreventingHIVistheonlywaytokeepthenumberofnewinfectionsthatoccureachyear--4million--fromgrowing.Andyetpreventionstrategies,alwaystheuglystepsistertotreatmentprograms,havenotreallytakenholdinthedevelopingnationswheretherateofinfectionishighest.Aneffectivevaccine,ofcourse,istheultimatepreventionweapon,butastheGates'pointedout,anHIVshotisstillalongwayoff.Inthemeantime,microbicidescouldbeonewaytoco-optARVsintothepreventionwar;thesearechemicalcompounds,usuallyintheform.ofagelorcream,thatwomencanusevaginallypriortointercoursetostopthetransmissionofHIV--it'sthesameideabehindspermicides(杀精子剂),whicharechemicalbarrierstospermenteringthevaginaandcausingpregnancy.It'sanelegantlysimpleapproach,madeevensimplerbythefactthatresearchersdidn'treallyhavetostartfromscratchtocomeupwithnewanti-HIVcompounds;theyalreadyhavethemintheARVs,whichnowinterruptthevirusfrominfectingcellsatvariouspointsinitslifecycle.

Thekeydifferenceisthatinamicrobicide,thedrugsarebeingusedinhealthypeopleratherthaninthoseinfectedwithHIV.WhenARVsareusedfortreatment,bothdoctorsandpatientsarewillingtotolerateahigherlevelofsideeffects--afterall,ifthechoiceisbetweendyingfromHIV-AIDSandsideeffects,mostpatientsoptforthelatter.Ifthedrugsaretobeusedtopreventinfection,however,everythingchanges;understandably,healthypeoplearen'taslikelytoacceptthesamelevelofsideeffectsandtoxicitiesasthosealreadyinfected.

That'swhyclinicaltrialsaresosignificant.Sofar,thereare30to40differentmicrobicidecandidatesbeingtestedinanimals,andfivetrialsinGhana,Nigeriaandotherdevelopingnationsatthemostadvancedstagesoftestinginwomen.Dr.GitaRamjee,oftheHIVPreventionResearchUnitinDurban,SouthAfrica,hasworkedwithallfive,andishopefulthattheywillproveeffectiveandmakeanimpactonthedisease.BecausetheselatestmicrobicidesarereformulatedARVs,however,theproblemofthevirusbecomingresistanttothemisapotentialdrawback.Dr.PeterPlot,ofUNAIDS,suggestsbasingmicrobicidesonlyonthedrugsdonotmakeitthroughthepharmaceuticalpipelinemanyarerejectedbecaus

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Conflictisregardedasamarkerof______bycollectivistswhileacceptedasunavoidablebyindividualists.

11.

AtPennStateUniversity,engineershavedesignedaircraftwingsthatcanchangeshapeindifferentphasesofflight,______.

12.

Thepointofprogramminglanguagesistopreventourpoorfrailhumanbrainsfrom______.

13.

ThelargestcorporationinSouthKoreaisHyundaiwhichismanagedbytheirfamilymembers.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Howmanykindsofanxietyarementionedinthepassage?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

15.

TheauthordefinesanidealasPlatonicwhen

A.ittriestochangetheworld

B.itisnotperfect

C.itisnotcompatiblewiththereality

D.itmatchestherealworld

16.

Vioxxshowednoconnectiontoheartproblemsinitsclinicaltrial.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Techniquesinphysicalexercises.

B.Exercisethatyoucandobyyourself.

C.Localsportsclubsandgyms.

D.Suggestionsfororganizedsportclasses.

18.

StudydoneinSwissandCornellUniversityindicatedthatBtcropscouldhaveunreasonableadverseeffectsoninsectsinthefield.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Ifwecanjoinbillionsofcomputercircuitstogetherlikebillionsofbraincellswhichworktogether,thenthecomputercanreceive______.

20.

AtHighTechHigh,______arehiredtoteachcoursesonbiotechnologyorwebdesign.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：Asatradition,workersincompaniesarealwaysrequiredtowearsuitsandtie,butaccordingtoaseniorgovernmentofficial,Thailandistoaskworkerstoatopwearingsuitsaspartofthecountry'slatestmeasuretoconserveenergy.Thisistheideaofthenewgovernment,becauseThailandisatropicalcountryandair-conditionershavebeenusedverycommonly,whichconsumealargeamountofenergy,butiftheworkersturnedupinshirtsleeves,theywouldn'tneedair-conditionersturnedupsohigh.Alitsweeklymeeting,thecabinetpassedaresolutionaskingallpublicservantsnottowearjacketsandurgingprivateemployeestodothesame.Thishasalreadybeenpractisedbythegovernment.Atarecentmeeting,onlyfourofsixair-conditionersinthecabinetroomhadbeenturnedon.Oneofthegovernmentofficialssays,"Initiallyitwasnothotintheroom,butifameetinglastsalongtime,thetemperaturemightneedtobeloweredabit."

(30)

A.NewFashioninThailand.

B.HowtoUseAir-conditionerWisely.

C.ANewWaytoSaveEnergy.

D.Air-conditionerinThailand.

22.

【B8】

23.(35)

A.Tosomeextentitsaudiencewilldecrease.

B.TheprogramsoniPodaremoreattractivethanthoseofABC.

C.TheaudiencewillchoosetraditionalbroadcasttelevisiononiPod.

D.Theaudiencewillgetboredwiththewide-screentelevision.

24.听力原文：Massmediaaretoolsofcommunication.Massmediaallowustorecordandpassinformationrapidlytoalarge,scatteredaudience.Theyextendourabilitytotalktoeachotherbyhelpingusovercomebarrierscausedbytimeandspace.Therearevariouswaysinwhichmassmediamakedailylifeeasierforus.First,theyinform.andhelpuskeepawatchonourworld.Theygatherandpassoninformationwewouldbeunlikelyorunabletoobtainonourown.Second,massmediahelpustoarrangeourtimeandlife.Whatwetalkaboutandwhatwethinkaboutaregreatlyinfluencedbythemedia.Whenpeoplegettogether,theytendtotalkaboutcertainhappeningsinthenewspapersoronTV.Becauseweareexposedtodifferingpointsofviewthroughdifferentkindsofmediaeveryday,weareabletoevaluateallsidesofacertainissue.Third,themediaareusedtopersuadepeople.Agoodexampleisadvertisementsthroughthemedia.Newspapers,magazinesandTVarefilledwithallkindsofcolorful,persuasiveadvertisements.Thoughmanyadvertisementsmaynotsayopenlythattheywantyoutobuyacertainproduct,theydescribetheirproductsinsuchawaythatyoumaywanttobuythem.Fourth,themediaalsoentertain.Allofthemediamakesomeefforttotrytoentertaintheiraudience.Forinstance,eventhoughthenewspaperisprimarilyamediumofinformation,italsocontainsentertainmentfeatures.Television,motionpictures,fictionhooksandsomeradiostationsandmagazinesaredevotedmainlytoentertainment.Itisestimatedthatinthefuture,theentertainmentfunctionofmassmediawillbecomeevenmoreimportantthanitisnow.

(33)

A.Tomakepeoplewellinformedabouttheworld.

B.Toamuseandentertainpeople.

C.Tohelppeoplearrangetheirtimeandlife.

D.Togivepeopleasenseofhonor.

25.(42)

26.听力原文：W:Lotsofpeopleenjoydancingintheball.Whynotgodancingwithme?Ithinkit'sthemostinterestingthingintheworld.

M：Believeitornot,thatisthelastthingI'deverwanttodo.

Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?

(14)

A.Hebelievesdancingisenjoyable.

B.Hedefinitelydoesnotlikedancing.

C.Headmiresthosewhodance.

D.Hewon'tdanceuntilhehasdonehiswork.

27.听力原文：Flagsareathalf-mastinLiverpoolasthecitymournsoneofitsmostfamoussongs,GeorgeHarrison.Herosetointernationalfameattheageof17asamemberoftheBeatlesandwentontoacareerasaleadingBritishfilmproducer.(33)Musically,hedefinedageneration,withborrowingsfromEasternmusicandreligion.MillionsoffansworldwidehavebeenunitedintheirgriefandtributeshavebeenpaidbymusiciansandworldleadersasdiverseasMichaelJacksonandQueenElizabeth.

GeorgeHarrisonwasanunlikelyrockstar,anunassumingman,cynicalaboutcelebrity,concentratingonwhatmattered,themusic.He'dbeenaheavysmokerformanyyears.Threeyearsago,hedisclosedthathehadcancer.He'dgonetoLosAngelesforafinalattemptattreatment.Hediedatafriend'shouseyesterdayafternoon.Inastatement,hisfamilysaid,heleftthisworldashelivedinit,consciousofGod,fearlessofdeath,andatpeace.

(34)InLiverpool,thecitythatwastheBeatles'andwhichtheymadefamous,somepeoplelaidflowersforGeorgeHarrisonatastatueoftheBeatles.Otherssignedabookofcondolence.

BobGeldofsaidsorrowfully:Ithinkalmostuniquelypossiblyinmusicandcertainlyinguitar,areaguitarist'spaces.(35)A11hissolosorhislittlelickscanbehummedbypracticallyeveryoneintheworld.Idon'tthinkthereisanotherguitarplayercanclaimthat.

Somemonthsago,justbeforehisfinalillness,GeorgeHarrisonundertookhislastproject.Itwasthereworkingofa1970albumentitled,"AllThingsMustPass."

(30)

A.Hisinternationalfame.

B.Hisleadingstatusinthefilmindustry.

C.Hismusicstyle.

D.Hispersonality.

28.(21)

A.It'soverpriced.

B.Itmakespeoplecrazy.

C.It'sdifferentfromothercoffeehouses'coffee.

D.AllthecoffeeisfromBrazil.

29.听力原文：M:Hello.

W:Hello,Dad?

M:YesMary!Howareyou?Isthereanythingwrong?

W:Oh,no.I'mjustcallingtoseehowyouandMomare.It'sbeenquiteawhilesinceIsawyoulast.

M:Oh,we'rebothfine.Yourmotherisdownatthenewshoppingcenter,shopping.

W:Foranewdress?

M:No,forshoesthistime.How'sTom?

W:He'sfine.HelikeshisworkandwasgivenaraiselastmonthbyMr.Davis.Wewereallprettypleasedaboutthat.

M:Yes,andIthinkyoushouldbe.Andhowarethechildren?

W:Well,Billy'shomefromschooltoday.It'snothingserious,justabadcold.Andit'shisbirthday,too.

M:Oh,IthoughthisbirthdaywasMay24th.

W:No,the23rd.

M:Well,that'stoobad.Tellhimwesenthimapresent.

W:Allright.Sally'stakingdancinglessons.

M:Shemustbeprettygoodbynow.I'dliketoseehersometime.Andhow'sTed?

W:He'sOK.Helovesworkingoncarsandhasapart-timejobatthegaragenow.

M:Well,it'scertainlygoodtohearyourvoice.Whenareyoucomingforavisit?

W:Notforafewmonths,I'mafraid.ButIhopewecancomeforafewweeksthissummer,probablyinJuly.

M:Thatwouldbenice.Callagainsoon.

W:OK,Dad.Nicetalkingtoyouandgladeverything'sallright.GiveMomourlove.

M:Allright.Goodbye.

W:Goodbye,Dad.

(23)

A.BecauseshewantedtoknowiieverythingwasOKwithherparents.

B.BecauseshewantedtoinvitedherparentstoBilly'sbirthdayparty.

C.BecauseshewantedtotellherparentsthateverythingwasOKwithherchildren.

D.BecauseshewantedtotellherparentsthatTomwasgivenaraise.

30.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:DoyourememberthefilmonspaceexplorationthatwasonTVlastweek?

W:Sure,wewatchedittogether.AnditwasvirtuallythemostimpressiveoneI'veseenonthattopic.IwouldliketowatchitagainifIhavetime.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(12)

A.Themanandthewomanwenttothecinematoseeafilmonspaceexploration.

B.BothofthemanandthewomanappreciatedthefilmonTVverymuch.

C.Bothofthemanandthewomanlikedspaceexploration.

D.Thewomanwasimpressedbytheexplorationthemanmade.

31.听力原文："Hightech"and"stateoftheart"aretwoexpressionsthatdescribeverymoderntechnology.(29)Hightechisjustashorterwayofsayinghightechnology.Andhightechnologydescribesanyinvention,systemordevicethatusesthenewestideasordiscoveriesofscienceandengineering.Whatishightech?Acomputerishightech.Soisacommunicationssatellite.Amodernmanufacturingsystemissurelyhightech.(30)HightechbecameapopularexpressionintheUnitedStatesduringtheearly1980's.Becauseofimprovementsintechnology,peoplecouldbuymanynewkindsofproductsinAmericanstores,suchashomecomputers,microwaveovens,ere."Stateoftheart"issomethingthatisasmodernaspossible.Itisaproductthatisbasedontheverylatestmethodsandtechnology.Somethingthatis"stateoftheart"meansthenewestpossibledesignorproductofabusinessorindustry.Astateofthearttelevisionset,forexample.usesthemostmodernelectronicdesignandparts.Itisthebestthatonecanbuy."Stateoftheart"isnotanewexpression.Engineershaveuseditforyears,todescribethebestandmostmodernwayofdoingsomething.(30)MillionsofAmericansbegantousetheexpressioninthelate1970's.(31)Thereasonwasthecomputerrevolution.Everycomputercompanyclaimedthatitscomputerswere"stateoftheart".Computertechnologychangedsofastthatastateoftheartcomputertodaymightbeoldtomorrow.Theexpression"stateoftheart"becameascommonandpopularascomputersthemselves.Nowallkindsofproductsaresaidtobe"stateoftheart".

(30)

A.Totellwhat"hightech"and"stateoftheart"are.

B.Totellhow"hightech"and"stateoftheart"havedeveloped.

C.Togiveexamplesofhightech.

D.Todescribethemoderntechnology.

32.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

(27)

A.Tocommemorateahistoricflight,

B.Totryouteightnewballoons.

C.TorecruitballoonistsfromallovertheUnitedStates.

D.Totestwhetherhelium(氦气)balloonsarebetterthanhot-airballoons.

33.(43)

34.听力原文：W:Haveyouheardabouttheplanecrashyesterday?Itcausedahundredandtwentydeaths.Iamneverateasewhentakingaflight.

M:Thoughweoftenhearaboutaircrashesandseriouscasualties,flyingisoneofthesafestwaystotravel.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?

(18)

A.Themanthinkstravelingbyairisquitesafe.

B.Thewomannevertravelsbyplane.

C.Bothspeakersfeelnervouswhenflying.

D.Thespeakersfeelsadabouttheseriouslossoflife.

35.(28)

A.Howwelookatpain.

B.Tofeelpainasmuchaspossible.

C.Toshowaninterestinpain.

D.Toacceptthepainreluctantly.

36.(40)

37.

【B11】

38.

【B3】

39.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Afireisalwaysexcitinganddangerous.Peoplecrowdaroundtowatchthesmoke,theflames,andthefirefighters,whorisktheirlivestosaveothers'lives.FirefightersareindangerofburnsandSmokeinjuries.【B1】______,theysavethousandsoflivesand【B2】______ofdollarsofpropertyeveryyear.

Fightingfiresisnotjustrisky.Itisalsovery【B3】______.Firefightersdotheirjobsinrainorshine,【B4】______it's100For20Fbelowzero.Atafire,theycarryheavygearupanddownstairsorladders.Theysearchfor【B5】______people.Theyhackholesintheroofto【B6】______smokeandgas.Theyholdhosesonthefire.Thehosesareheavy,andthewaterinthemshootsoutundergreat【B7】______.Infact,itusuallytakestwofirefighterstoholdonehose.

Firefightersalsohavemanyotherduties.Sometimestheyhavetogivefirstaid,andtheir【B8】______mustbekeptinorder.Theymustvisitfactoriesandpublicbuildingstocheckfiredangers.【B9】_____________________________.

Fightingfiresisanimportantjob.Thatmeanstherewillalwaysbejobsforfirefighters.However,thenumberofjobsavailableandtherateofpaydependuponthebudget.【B10】___________________.

Apersonhastopasscertaintestsinordertobehiredasafirefighter.Amongthesearetestsofintelligenceandstrength.【B11】____________________________.

Applicantsmustalsobeatleast18yearsold.Aftertheyarehired,newfirefightersspendafewweeksinatrainingschool.Theyareassignedtoafirecompany.

【B1】

40.

【B2】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whyweremanylaid-offworkersataloss?

A.Becausetheydidn'tgetusedtothenewwayoflife.

B.Becausetheyaretoooldtofindanewjob.

C.Becausetheydislikebeinglaidoff.

D.Becausetheythinktheylosttheirsocialstatus.

42.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Educationisalongprocessthatnotonlyprovidesuswithbasicskillssuchasliteracyandnumeracy,butisalsoessentialinshapingourfuturelives.Fromthemomentweenter【C1】______assmallchildren,andasweprogressthroughprimaryandsecondaryeducation,wearelayingthefoundationforthelifeaheadofus.Wemust【C2】______ourselvestoworkhardsothatwecanpassexamsandgainthequalificationswewillneedto【C3】______agoodjob.Wemustalsoacquire【C4】lifeskillssothatwecanfitinandworkwiththosearoundus.Andofcoursehealtheducationhelpsustounderstandhowwecanstay【C5】______andhealthy.

Formostpeople,thisprocessendswhentheyareintheirmid-to-lateteens.Forothers,however,itisthebeginningofa(n)【C6】______oflearning.Aftertheyfinishschool,manyprogressto【C7】______educationwheretheywilllearnmoreusefulskillssuchascomputerliteracyorbasicbusinessmanagement.Otherswillenrollinaprogramof【C8】______educationatauniversitywhere,withhardwork,theywillhavetheopportunitytograduateafterthreeorfouryearswithawell-earneddegree.Afterthat,theymayworkforawhilebefore【C9】______tostudyforahigherdegree—anM.A.,forexample,oraPhD.Andiftheylivealongwayfromacollegeoruniversity,theymightfollowacorrespondencecourseusingmailandtheInternet.Infact,itis【C10】______duetotheproliferationofcomputersthatmanypeople,whohavenotbeennearaschoolformanyyears,havestartedtostudyagainandcanproudlyclassthemselvesasmaturestudents.

[A]changing[I]discipline

[B]secure[J]fit

[C]longer[K]opting

[D]kindergarten[L]school

[E]higher[M]valuable

[F]lifetime[N]heavily

[G]deepen[O]further

[H]largely

【C1】

43.

Bycallingit"tap-dancingtowork",WarrenBuffettthinkstheauthor'sjobis______.

A.agreatchallengetobrainpower

B.significantinthedevelopmentoftechnology

C.enjoyableinspiteofanypossiblehardships

D.awindowthroughwhichpeopleareshownanewworld

44.

【C9】

45.

OnereasonthatJapanhasbeenabletoweatheritslong-termfinancialdistressisthat______.

46.

Whatdomanyvicechancellorsthinkofthesituationoftheiruniversities,asitismentionedinthelastparagraph?

A.Theyareconfidentofchangingit.

B.Theyaremuchdisturbedbyit.

C.Theyfinditnaturalinthemarket.

D.Theycherishitwithanostalgicmood.

47.

Thephrase"lettheAmericanbeefindustryoffthehook"(Line2,Para.4mostprobablymeans______.

A.theAmericanbeefindustrydeterminedtodosomething.

B.theAmericanbeefindustrygotoutofthedifficultsituation

C.theAmericanbeefindustrymadepeopleinterestedintheirproducts

D.theAmericanbeefindustrygotwhattheyneededandwanted

48.

Theauthorcontraststhe1930swiththepresentinordertoshowthat______.

A.morepeoplewereunemployedinthe1930s

B.socialprogramsaremoreneedednow

C.unemploymentnowhaslesssevereeffects

D.nowthereisagreaterproportionofelderlyandhandicappedpeopleamongthoseinpoverty

49.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theargumentconcerningtheuse,orthestatus,ortherealityofblackEnglishisrootedinAmericanhistoryandhasabsolutelynothingtodowiththequestionwhichtheargumentsupposesitselftobeposing.Theargumenthasnothingtodowithlanguageitselfbutwiththeroleoflanguage.Language,incontestably,revealsthespeaker.Language;also,farmoredubiously,ismeanttodefinetheother---and,inthiscase,theotherisrefusingtobedefinedbyalanguagethathasneverbeenabletorecognizehim.

Peopleevolvealanguageinordertodescribeandthuscontroltheircircumstances,orinordernottobesubmergedbyarealitythattheycannotarticulate.(And,iftheycannotarticulateit,theyaresubmerged.)AFrenchmanlivinginParisspeaksasubtlyandcruciallydifferentlanguagefromthatofthemanlivinginMarseilles;neithersoundsverymuchlikeamanlivinginQuebec;andtheywouldallhavegreatdifficultyinapprehendingwhatthemanfromGuadeloupe,orMartinique,issaying,tosaynothingofthemanfromSenegal---althoughthe"common"languageofalltheseareasisFrench.Buteachhaspaid,andispaying,adifferentpriceforthis"common"language,inwhich,asitturnsout,theyarenotsaying,andcannotbesaying,thesamethings.Theyeachhaveverydifferentrealitiestoarticulate,orcontrol.

Whatjoinsalllanguages,andallmen,isthenecessitytoconfrontlife,inorder,notinconceivably,tooutwit(智胜)death:Thepriceforthisistheacceptance,andachievement,ofone'stemporalidentity.Sothat,forexample,thoughitisnottaughtintheschoolsthesouthofFrancestillclingstoitsancientandmusicalProvencal,whichresistsbeingdescribedasa"dialect''.AndmuchofthetensionintheBasquecountries,andinWales,isduetotheBasqueandWelshdeterminationnottoallowtheirlanguagestobedestroyed.ThisdeterminationalsofeedstheflamesinIreland,foramongthemanyindignitiestheIrishhavebeenforcedtoundergoatEnglishhandsistheEnglishcontemptfortheirlanguage.

Itgoeswithoutsaying,then,thatlanguageisalsoapoliticalinstrument,means,andproofofpower.Itisthemostvividandcrucialkeytoidentity:itrevealstheprivateidentity,andconnectsonewith,ordivorcesonefromthelargerpublic,orcommunalidentity:Therehavebeen,andare,timesandplaces,whentospeakacertainlanguagecouldbedangerous,evenfatalOr,onemayspeakthesamelanguage,butinsuchawaythatone'santecedents(身世，经历)arerevealed,or(one'shopes)hidden.

Accordingtothepassage,languagerevealsthespeakerinthewaythat______.

50.SupportersofthebiotechindustryhaveaccusedanAmericanscientistofmisconductaftershetestifiedtotheNewZealandgovernmentthatageneticallymodified(GM)bacteriumcouldcauseseriousdamageifreleased.

TheNewZealandLifeSciencesNetwork,anassociationofproGMscientistsandorganizations,saystheviewexpressedbyElaineIngham,asoilbiologistatOregonStateUniversityinCorvallis,wasexaggeratedandirresponsible.Ithasaskedheruniversitytodisciplineher.

ButInghamstandsbyhercommentsandsaysthecomplaintsareanattempttosilenceher."They'retryingtocausetroublewithmyuniversityandgetmefired",InghamtoldNewScientist.

Thecontroversybeganon1February,whenInghamtestifiedbeforeNewZealand'sRoyalCommissiononGeneticModification,whichw