2022届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期4月一诊英语试题（解析版）

2022年兰州市高三诊断考试英语第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEverwantedtolearnanewlanguage?Ormaybeyouneedtospeakadifferentlanguage,forworkorpersonalreasons?Herearesomeappsthatwillhelpyoutalksmartlyinsomenationsonearth.LivingLanguage(Spanish)Thestandardbearer(领袖)forlanguage-learningapps,thisseriesofappsfromRandomHouseDigitalpresentsreallanguagecoursesthatteachvocabularyandgrammarwithsomefuninteractivegamesthrownin.Thefreedownloadgetsyouelevenfreelessons,butyoucanunlockthefullappfor$14.99,gettingyouall46lessons.RandomHouseDigitalhassimilarappsavailableforlearningFrench,Italian,German,Chinese,andJapanese.LearnaLanguagewithMichelThomasThisonehailsfromtheU.K.,whereThomas'methodforlearningnewlanguageshasgarneredsomeheavy-hitterendorsements(赞同)fromthelikesofWoodyAllen,EmmaThompson,andStephenFry.Thomasteachesyouwithasimple,buthighlyeffectiveprocess:“youlisten,heexplains,youspeak.”Lessonsrunanhourapiece,andyoubuythehourlessonsyouwantfrominsidethefreeapp,for$4.99apop.LessonsareavailableforSpanish,French,Italian,andGerman.MangoLanguagesOneofthemostcomprehensiveappsisalsothemostcost-effective—it’sfree!Noin-apppurchases,nonothing.Itoffersclassesfor35foreignlanguagesand15Englishas-a-second-language.Thecatchisthatitrequiresaconnectiontoyourlocallibrary,andonlyifyourlibraryhasaMangoLanguagessubscription.Itteachesnotonlyvocabularyandgrammar,butalsopronunciation(bynativespeakers)andhelpfulculturaltips,suchasslangusagesofcommonwords.Book2Thisoneusesanovel3-stepmethod:youlearnwhilelistening,training,andsleeping.Theappactuallymonitorsyoursleepingpatternsandactivatesitselfattherighttime,playingitsshortsentenceswhileyou’reasleep,toenhanceyourrecall.Lessonsareavailablein-appfor40differentlanguages,butthey’llrunyou$3.99eachforanythingmorethanalanguage’sfirstchapter.1.HowmanylanguagescanyoulearnfromThomas?A.Four. B.Five. C.Six. D.Seven.2.Whichofthefollowingappscanbeusedforfree?A.Book2.B.MangoLanguages.C.LivingLanguage(Spanish).D.LearnaLanguagewithMichelThomas.3.What’sthefeatureofBook2?A.ItcanonlybeusedintheUK.B.Ithasaccesstoyourlocallibrary.C.Itcankeepyoulearningevenwhenyouareasleep.D.Itteacheslanguageswithsomefuninteractivegames.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇应用文。介绍了几个语言学习的应用软件。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据LearnaLanguagewithMichelThomas部分的“LessonsareavailableforSpanish,French,Italian,andGerman.”（可以学到西班牙语、法语、意大利语和德语的相关课程。）可知，从Thomas你可以学到四门语言，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MangoLanguages部分的“Oneofthemostcomprehensiveappsisalsothemostcost-effective—it’sfree!”（这不仅是最全面的软件，也是最划算的——它免费！）可知，MangoLanguages可以免费使用。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Book2部分的“Theappactuallymonitorsyoursleepingpatternsandactivatesitselfattherighttime,playingitsshortsentenceswhileyou’reasleep,toenhanceyourrecall.”（这个软件会监测你的睡眠模式并且在合适的时间激发它，当你在睡觉时为你播放短句，以增强你的记忆力。）可知，Book2软件的特点在于当你睡觉时，它也能让你持续学习，故选C。BIwillneverforgetthefirstdessertclassatacookingschoolinFrance,whereagroupofanxiousdessertstudents(myselfincluded)weretaskedwithpreparinganapplepie.Itlookedsimpleenough,butIsoonrealizedthatitwasasfarfromsimpleasitcouldbe.However,myknifeandImasteredthisFrenchclassic,aswellasdozensofothers.Aftergraduating,IfoundajobatamodernAmericanrestaurantinFlorida.Despitetherestaurant’stinykitchen,IwasexcitedtoworkunderSylvia,theexecutivechef(主厨).Thefirstjobshegavemewastomakeapplepies.Icouldn’thavebeenmoreexcited—untilIrealizedthesepieswereactuallyintheformofadumpling.ButmyeducationhadmademesticktoFrenchtradition.Ittookmeaminutetogetcomfortablewiththiswayofcookingagain.Slowly,IwasforgettingmyFrenchtradition,andbeginningtogowiththeflowmore.Theresponsefromdinerswasgood.Ourdessertsweresoldoutonmostdays.Thenoneday,chefSylviagavemethechancetomakeanewdessertandplannedtoaddittothemenuforaweek.Surprisedandtouchedbythechance,Idecidedtogoallout.Icreatedaseasonalcitrusmousse(柑橘慕斯)madewithFloridaorangesandpistachiocroquant(acrisp,delicatecookie).Butafteraweek,theapplepiedumplingscontinuedtofaroutsellmyspecialdessert.Asenseoffrustrationwentinsideofme.Itfinallymademeawarethatthereisn’tone“right”waytounderstandacuisine,orsetofingredients(配料).Whereonechefcanlookatapples,butter,andflourandseeaFrenchapplepie,anothermightseebakedappledumplings.Eventhougheachperson’stranslationmaybedifferent,Ithinktheyalldeserveaspotonthetable.AndthatwasthemostimportantlessonIdiscovered,throughsomethingasseeminglysimpleasfruitanddough(生面团).4.Whatmakestheauthorfeelsurprisedaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Thetinykitchen.B.Theshapeofapplepies.C.Therestaurant’stradition.D.TheFrenchwayofcoking.5.Howwastheauthor’snewdessert?A.Itwasn’tpopularasexpected.B.ItwasthoughthighlyofbySylvia.C.Itwasremovedfromthemenu.D.Itbuiltuptheauthor‘sconfidence.6.Whatdidtheauthorfinallyrealize?A.Foodsstandforcultures.B.Ingredientsmattertocooking.C.Thereisnofixedwayforcooking.D.Understandingacuisineisnecessary.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ajobaffectingone’slife.B.Anewdessertonthemenu.C.Aspecialclassatacookingschool.D.Alessontakenasadessertchef.【4~7题答案】【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在学习烹饪后来到餐厅，在主厨Sylvia的带领下所经历的事情，最后作者明白了，烹饪没有一种特定的正确的方式，也没有一套特定的配料配方。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Icouldn’thavebeenmoreexcited—untilIrealizedthesepieswereactuallyintheformofadumpling.ButmyeducationhadmademesticktoFrenchtradition.Ittookmeaminutetogetcomfortablewiththiswayofcookingagain.”（我十分地激动——直到我注意到这些苹果派是做成饺子的形状。但是我的教育让我坚持法国传统。花了我一段时间才看习惯这种烹饪方式。）可知，让作者惊讶的是苹果派竟是饺子形状的，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Icreatedaseasonalcitrusmousse(柑橘慕斯)madewithFloridaorangesandpistachiocroquant(acrisp,delicatecookie).Butafteraweek,theapplepiedumplingscontinuedtofaroutsellmyspecialdessert.Asenseoffrustrationwentinsideofme.”（我用佛罗里达柑橘做了一种季节性的柑橘慕斯。但是一周后，饺子形状的苹果派的销量仍然比我做的甜品高。我感到内心很沮丧。）可知，作者做出的甜品并不是想象中那么受欢迎，故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Itfinallymademeawarethatthereisn’tone“right”waytounderstandacuisine,orsetofingredients(配料).”（最终，我明白了，对于烹饪，没有一种极其正确的方法，也没有一套特定的配料。）可知，最终作者明白了，烹饪没有固定的方法，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“AndthatwasthemostimportantlessonIdiscovered,throughsomethingasseeminglysimpleasfruitanddough(生面团).”（这就是我通过像水果和生面团一样简单的东西所学到的最重要的一课。）可知，本篇文章主要是在讲作者在甜点厨师这份工作中所学到的一课，故选D。CByCUIJIA|ChinaDaily|Updated:2022-02-12SnowboardingpioneerShaunWhitetookhisfinalbowatthebottomofthehalfpipecourse(U型槽)attheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGamesonFriday,officiallymarkingtheendofhislongandstoriedcareerasaprofessionalsnowboarder.Nomatterhowhardthe35-year-oldtriedtoholdbackhisemotions,itjustgottobetoomuch.Althoughhewantedtodohisbestbyperformingtwo1440sduringhisfinalrun,hefellwhileattemptinghisseconddoublecork1440.Despitethefall,everyonecheeredforthesnowboardinglegendatGentingSnowParkinZhangjiakouashestoodbackupandcontinueddownthehalfpipe.“Sidingonmyback,Iwasthinking,thisisn’thowIwantedittogo.Youdon’talwaysgetwhatyouwant,butIhavetobethankfulforeverythingIdohaveandwhatIhavegotteninmycareerandthat’swhyI’mveryemotional.Ican’tbelieveit’sover.It’swild,”saidWhite,whofinishedinfourthplace.Fromayoungage,snowboardingwaswhatWhitewantedtodomorethananything.At19,WhitetookpartinhisfirstWinterOlympicsinTurinin2006andscoredgold.Thevictorychangedhislifeforeverandhebecamethesport’sglobalsuperstar.Meanwhile,hecontinuedtopushhislimitsbylandingthefirstdoublecorkinhalfpipeandinventingthedoubleMcTwist1260.ThosetricksbroughthimthreeOlympicgoldmedals,aswellasinjuries,includingthebrutal(残酷的)crashin2018whenheslammedhisheadagainstthetopofasuperpipe,leadingto62stitches(缝合)inhisfaceinthelead-uptothePyeongchang2018WinterOlympics.“T’mnotcompeting’doesn’tmeanIwon’tbehereatthenextWinterOlympicscheeringonallmyfriends,”hesaid.“Thefutureformeissoexciting.Thereissomuchtodoandsomuchtolivefor.Thisisjustthebeginningforme.”8.WhatdidWhitefeelwhenhefinishedthecompetition?A.Hewasworriedabouthisfuture.B.Hewasproudofhisprofessionalcareer.C.Hewasdoubtfulabouttheresultofthecompetition.D.Hewassatisfiedwithwhathehaddoneinthecompetition.9.WhydoestheauthormentionWhite’sseriousinjuriesinparagraph4?A.Toexplainwhyheretired.B.Todescribetherulesofsnowboarding.C.Toshowthehardshipbeforehissuccess.D.Towarnaboutthepossiblerisksofsnowboarding.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutShaunWhitefromthelastparagraph?A.HewillcompeteinthenextWinterOlympics.B.Hewillcontinuetocontributetotheice-snowsports.C.Hewon’ttalkabouthisearlyachievementsanymore.D.Hewilltryhisbesttomakemorefriendsinthefuture.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FinalPerformanceB.EmotionalGoodbyeC.HowtoBeaGreatSnowboarderD.Snowboarding-theWorld’sMostDangerousSport【8~11题答案】【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍滑雪运动员ShaunWhite。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“officiallymarkingtheendofhislongandstoriedcareerasaprofessionalsnowboarder.Nomatterhowhardthe35-year-oldtriedtoholdbackhisemotions,itjustgottobetoomuch.(正式标志着他作为职业滑雪板运动员漫长而传奇的职业生涯的结束。无论35岁的他多么努力地控制自己的情绪，他的情绪还是太强烈了)”可知，他为自己的职业生涯感到自豪。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“ThosetricksbroughthimthreeOlympicgoldmedals,aswellasinjuries,includingthebrutalcrashin2018whenheslammedhisheadagainstthetopofasuperpipe,leadingto62stitchesinhisfaceinthelead-uptothePyeongchang2018WinterOlympics.(这些技巧让他获得了三枚奥运会金牌，也让他受伤，包括2018年在平昌冬奥会前夕，他的头撞上了一个超级管道的顶部，导致脸上缝了62针)”可知，作者讲述他受过的伤想要说明他成功前的艰辛。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thefutureformeissoexciting.Thereissomuchtodoandsomuchtolivefor.Thisisjustthebeginningforme.(我的未来是如此令人兴奋。有那么多事情要做，有那么多生活的意义。这对我来说只是个开始)”可知，他将继续为冰雪运动做出贡献。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“officiallymarkingtheendofhislongandstoriedcareerasaprofessionalsnowboarder.Nomatterhowhardthe35-year-oldtriedtoholdbackhisemotions,itjustgottobetoomuch.(正式标志着他作为职业滑雪板运动员漫长而传奇的职业生涯的结束。无论35岁的他多么努力地控制自己的情绪，他的情绪还是太强烈了)”可知，本文主要讲述滑雪运动员ShaunWhite在2022届冬奥会之后，结束自己的职业生涯时，激动地向自己的职业生涯告别。故选B。DWhenyouthrowsomethingintherecyclingbin,doyouthinkaboutwhatitcouldbecome?Andwhenyoudo,doesitmakeyoumorelikelytousethatrecyclingbin?Recently,astudywasconductedinanefforttodecidewhetherornotexplainingtopeoplewhattheirrecyclablesaretransformedintowouldhelpincreaserecyclingrates.Theresearchersstartedwithagroupof111collegestudents,askedtodrawonpaperbeforewatchingoneofthreeads.Onewasapublicservicemessagethatshowedpapergoingintorecyclingbins.Theothertwoalsoshowedthepapereitherbeingtransformedintonewpaperoraguitar.Aftercompletingasurvey,thestudentswereaskedtodealwiththepaperwhentheyleft.Halfofthosewhosawthefirstadrecycledtheirpaper,whiletherecyclingratejumpedto80%forthosewho'dseentheotherads.Afterdoingafewmorelabexperiments,theresearchersheadedintotherealworld.Ataparty,volunteersspokewithattendees(出席者)aboutrecycling,withhalfmentioningtransformedproductsandhalfkeepingitgeneral.Theydiscoveredthesubjectofthetalkscameintoplay.Afterthegame,therecyclingandtrashbagswereweighed.Thosewhoreceivedamessagerecycledoverhalfoftheirwaste,whilethosewhodidnotrecycledlessthanafifth.Allthisistosaythatdetailsmatter.Peoplewanttoknowwhattreasurestheirtrashcanbecome,andwhenthat'slaidoutclearly,they'remorelikelytodoit.Perhapsrecyclingcompaniesshouldredesignsignstodescribetheitemsbeingcreated.Recyclingisfarfromaperfectsolution,butitdoesn'thurttomanagetoimproveitsrates.12.What'sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothemaintopic.B.Toreflecttheauthor'sattitude.C.Tointroduceanewrecyclingbin.D.1Toemphasizethebenefitsofrecycling.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“cameintoplay”inparagraph3mean?A.Tookeffect.B.Brokedown.C.Tookoff.D.Cametomind.14.Whatdoestheauthoradviserecyclingcompaniestodo?A.Signthenamesontheitems.B.Findperfectwaysofrecycling.C.Examinethedetailsofitems.D.Showthetransformationofwaste.15.Inwhichcolumnofthewebsitedoesthetextprobablyappear?A.Sportsandgames.B.Travelandtourism.C.Entertainmentandrecreation.D.Scienceandhumanlife.【12~15题答案】【答案】12.A13.A14.D15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，告知人们回收废品的最终去向，将会有利于提高废品的回收率。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Recently,astudywasconductedinanefforttodecidewhetherornotexplainingtopeoplewhattheirrecyclablesaretransformedintowouldhelpincreaserecyclingrates.”（最近进行了一项研究，试图决定向人们解释他们的可回收物品被转化成什么，是否有助于提高回收率。）可知，第一段主要是为了引出文章主旨——提高回收废品的转化率，故选A。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Afterthegame,therecyclingandtrashbagswereweighed.Thosewhoreceivedamessagerecycledoverhalfoftheirwaste,whilethosewhodidnotrecycledlessthanafifth.”（比赛结束后，对回收袋和垃圾袋称重。收到短信的人回收了一半以上的垃圾，而没有收到短信的人回收的垃圾不到五分之一。）可知，划线词应该是“奏效”的意思，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Perhapsrecyclingcompaniesshouldredesignsignstodescribetheitemsbeingcreated.”（也许回收公司应该重新设计标识来描述正在制作的物品。）可知，作者建议回收公司展示出废物转化成什么，故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Recently,astudywasconductedinanefforttodecidewhetherornotexplainingtopeoplewhattheirrecyclablesaretransformedintowouldhelpincreaserecyclingrates.”（最近进行了一项研究，试图决定向人们解释他们的可回收物品被转化成什么，是否有助于提高回收率。）可知，本文主旨大意为提高回收废品的转化率，与人类生活密切相关，故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thequalityofthefamilyrelationshipismoreimportantthanfamilyconfiguration(结构).Ahealthyfamilyrelationshipisthebaseofahappyfamily.___16___.Althoughfamilyrelationshipsaredifferent,therearecertaincharacteristicsthathealthyfamilyrelationshipsshare.___17___.Familymemberslistentoandgenuinelycareaboutwhattheothersaresaying.Inthesefamilies,communicationisonadeepenoughlevelthatallmembersareabletosharetheirfeelings,goals,achievementsandexperiences.Whensomefeedbackandconstructivecriticismaregiven,loveandaffectionaremadeclearbytheuseofpositivewords.Afamilywithahealthyrelationshiprequireseverysinglefamilymember’scommitment.Familymembersholdfamilyasatoppriority(优先考虑的事)andconsidertheimpactonrelativesbeforemakingimportantdecisions.Familymembersaredependableandalwaysthereforeachotherintimesofcrisis.___18___.Acharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipisthattheyspendtimedoingenjoyableactivitiestogether.___19___.Often,theseactivitiesbecomefamilytraditions,suchassharingmealstogether,havingfamilyoutingseveryweekendorplayingsportstogether.___20___.Familymembersacceptthattheyeachhavetheirownpersonalities,qualitiesandinterests.Everyoneplaysanimportantroleinthefamily.Whenthereisconflictbetweenfamilymembers,itissolvedinapositiveandhealthymanner.Familymembersalsoacknowledgeeachother’sachievementsandshowappreciationforothermembers.A.Therefore,membersdonotfeeltheyareontheirownB.FamilymembersshareeverythingtheyhavewitheachotherC.RespectisanimportantcharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipsD.ItprovidesmemberswiththesupportandencouragementthattheyneedE.FamilymemberstendtoselectactivitiesthathelpthefamilytogrowcloserF.ItisimportanttokeepinmindthateachfamilymemberisauniqueindividualG.Familieswithhealthyrelationshipsengageinpositiveandmeaningfulcommunication【16~20题答案】【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了健康的家庭关系的一些特征。【16题详解】根据上文“Ahealthyfamilyrelationshipisthebaseofahappyfamily.(健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础)”和下文“Althoughfamilyrelationshipsaredifferent,therearecertaincharacteristicsthathealthyfamilyrelationshipsshare.(虽然家庭关系不同，但健康的家庭关系有一些共同的特征)”可知，上文指出健康的家庭关系是幸福家庭的基础，下文指出健康的家庭有一些共同的特征。由此推知，空处承接上文，指出健康的家庭关系的好处。D项“它为成员提供他们所需要的支持和鼓励”符合题意，选项中的“It”指代上文的“Ahealthyfamilyrelationship”。故选D。【17题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Familymemberslistentoandgenuinelycareaboutwhattheothersaresaying.Inthesefamilies,communicationisonadeepenoughlevelthatallmembersareabletosharetheirfeelings,goals,achievementsandexperiences.Whensomefeedbackandconstructivecriticismaregiven,loveandaffectionaremadeclearbytheuseofpositivewords.(家人会倾听并真诚地关心别人说的话。在这些家庭中，交流是在一个足够深的层次上，所有成员能够分享他们的感受，目标，成就和经验。当一些反馈和建设性的批评被给予时，爱和情感通过使用积极的词语来表达)”可知，在健康的家庭关系中成员们的交流都是积极的、有意义的。G项“拥有健康关系的家庭会进行积极而有意义的交流”符合本段主旨，“communication”是关键词。故选G。【18题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Familymembersholdfamilyasatoppriority(优先考虑的事)andconsidertheimpactonrelativesbeforemakingimportantdecisions.Familymembersaredependableandalwaysthereforeachotherintimesofcrisis.(家庭成员把家庭作为最优先考虑的事情，家庭成员在做重要决定前，会考虑对亲属的影响。家庭成员是可靠的，在危机时刻总是相互帮助)”可知，家庭成员会相会帮助，这样成员就不会觉得什么都靠自己独立解决。A项“因此，家庭成员们并不觉得自己是孤立无援的”符合题意，与上文形成明显的因果关系。故选A。【19题详解】根据主旨句“Acharacteristicofhealthyfamilyrelationshipisthattheyspendtimedoingenjoyableactivitiestogether.(健康家庭关系的一个特点是他们花时间一起做愉快的活动)”可知，本段主要说明在健康的家庭关系中成员们会一起度过快乐、有意义的时光。再结合下文“Often,theseactivitiesbecomefamilytraditions,suchassharingmealstogether,havingfamilyoutingseveryweekendorplayingsportstogether.(通常，这些活动会成为家庭传统，比如一起吃饭，每个周末一起外出或一起运动)”推知，上文提到了有利于增进家庭成员关系的活动。E项“家庭成员倾向于选择有助于家庭关系更加亲密的活动”符合题意，且贴合主旨，下文的“theseactivities”指代选项中的“activitiesthathelpthefamilytogrowcloser”。故选E。【20题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Familymembersacceptthattheyeachhavetheirownpersonalities,qualitiesandinterests.Everyoneplaysanimportantroleinthefamily.Whenthereisconflictbetweenfamilymembers,itissolvedinapositiveandhealthymanner.Familymembersalsoacknowledgeeachother’sachievementsandshowappreciationforothermembers.(家庭成员承认他们每个人都有自己的个性、品质和兴趣。每个人在家庭中都扮演着重要的角色。当家庭成员之间发生冲突时，以积极健康的方式解决。家庭成员也承认彼此的成就，并对其他成员表示赞赏)”可知，虽然家庭成员性格各异，但要承认彼此的成就，并且相互赞赏，即家庭成员之间应该尊重并欣赏。C项“尊重是健康家庭关系的重要特征”可以作为本段主旨句。故选C。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处，的最佳选项。It'sthestuffoftravelnightmares(噩梦).Takingsomethingpreciousonyourtrip,keepingitclosetohandsoyoudon'trisk___21___.itincheckedbaggage-andthenrealizingyoudon'thaveitwhenyougethome.ForRachelDeGolia,thenightmareoflosingsomethingona___22___cametrue.InSeptember,her___23___collectionoffamilylettersfromthe1940sto1970swasleftonaplaneasitpulledintoChicagoMidwayAirport.Itwas,saysDeGolia,“tragic(悲惨的)”Butthattragedyturnedto___24___-when,afterathree-weeksearch,oneairlinerepresentative___25___DeGoliawithherletters.DeGoliasays,insummer2021,shereceivedacollectionoffamilyletterssentbyhercousin.Shedecidedtotakethemwithhertoherdaughter'sweddingpartyasshethoughtitwouldbetheperfectoccasiontosharetheletterswithherbrother.Herbrotherwasvery___26___anddecidedtotakethepreciouscargo(货物)home,makingsuretokeepitwithhiminthecabin-butthen___27___itinthecabinwhenhegotoffhisflighthometoChicago.Afterthepassengersgotofftheplane,crew(乘务员)___28___thecargoduringtheirpost-flightchecks,realizedtheletterswereprecious,andhandedthecargoovertoagateagent.Theletters___29___inSarahHaffner'shands.Haffner,aBaggageServiceOfficesupervisor(主管)forSouthwestatMidway,checkedtheletters___30___andrealizeditwasverypreciousitemthatneededtofindits___31___.Normally,theprocedureforreunitingitemswiththeirownersisfairly____32___.AgentslikeHaffnerlookforanyidentificationontheitem,andthen___33___thenametoapassengerbooking.Ifthepersonhasbeenonaconnectingflight,that'snotanissue,becausetheyhaveadatabaseof___34___goingbackacoupleofyears.Butthe___35___wasthattheonlyidentifyingnameinthewholebatchofletterswasRachelDeGolia-andshehadn'tbeenonthefight.Haffnerandhercolleaguestriedtheirbest.Afterthreeweeksof___36___,theyfinallyfoundsome___37___ofaRachelDeGoliafromOhioontheInternet,“Iwaslike,whatarethechances-it'sgottobeher,”Haffnersays.Thenshemanagedtotrackdowna___38___number.“At9p.m.onenightIgotthiscall,”saysDeGolia.Shewas___39___totears,callingHaffner“Awonderfulyoungwomanfor___40___herfamilylegacy(遗产).21.A.finding B.losing C.solving D.keeping22.A.flight B.bus C.train D.boat23.A.unbelievable B.impossible C.unacceptable D.irreplaceable24.A.sorrow B.anxiety C.relief D.effort25.A.helped B.reunited C.favored D.impressed26.A.bored B.excited C.confused D.disappointed27.A.put B.hid C.left D.threw28.A.received B.missed C.delivered D.found29.A.endedup B.cameout C.passedon D.tookover30.A.secretly B.carefully C.carelessly D.differently31.A.way B.value C.owner D.price32.A.simple B.useful C.unusual D.slow33.A.add B.apply C.match D.introduce34.A.agents B.crew C.parcels D.passengers35.A.cause B.excuse C.process D.problem36.A.preparing B.searching C.waiting D.thinking37.A.rewards B.meanings C.clues D.puzzles38.A.cabin B.baggage C.phone D.room39.A.annoyed B.worried C.scared D.moved40.A.saving B.creating C.proving D.sharing【21~40题答案】【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.A33.C34.D35.D36.B37.C38.C39.D40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了RachelDeGolia将珍贵的家书落在飞机上，经过三周的辛苦寻找，最终找回了家书。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把它放在手边，这样你就不会有在托运行李中丢失的风险。A.finding发现；B.losing失去；C.solving解决；D.keeping保持。根据“keepingitclosetohand”（把它放在手边）可知，这样就不会弄丢了，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对蕾切尔•德戈利亚来说，在飞机上丢东西的噩梦变成了现实。A.flight航班；B.bus公交；C.train火车；D.boat船。根据“collectionoffamilylettersfromthe1940sto1970swasleftonaplaneasitpulledintoChicagoMidwayAirport.”（把20世纪40年代到70年代那些家信留在了飞机上）可知，她乘坐的是飞机，故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：9月，一架飞机在芝加哥中途机场降落时，她把20世纪40年代到70年代那些无可替代的家信留在了飞机上。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.impossible不可能的；C.unacceptable无法接受的；D.irreplaceable不可替代的。根据下文“anddecidedtotakethepreciouscargo(货物)home”（决定把珍贵的货物带回家）可知，这里指珍贵的无可替代的家书，故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但那场悲剧变成了宽慰。A.sorrow悲伤；B.anxiety焦虑；C.relief宽慰；D.effort努力。根据“afterathree-weeksearch,oneairlinerepresentative___5___DeGoliawithherletters.”（经过三周的搜寻，一名航空公司代表用让德戈利亚与她的信件团聚）可知，家书失而复得，故此处指如释重负，感到宽慰。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名航空公司代表用让德戈利亚与她的信件重聚。A.helped帮助；B.reunited重聚；C.favored支持；D.impressed印象。根据第六段中“Normally,theprocedureforreunitingitemswiththeirownersisfairly”可知，航空公司找到了家书并物归原主了，失主与信件重聚。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的哥哥非常兴奋，决定把这宝贵的货物带回家。A.bored厌倦的；B.excited兴奋的；C.confused困惑的；D.disappointed失望的。根据“anddecidedtotakethepreciouscargohome”（决定把这宝贵的货物带回家）可知，她哥哥很兴奋，故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当他下飞机回芝加哥的时候，却把它落在了机舱里。A.put放置；B.hid隐藏；C.left离开，落下；D.threw抛弃。根据“inthecabinwhenhegotoffhisflighthometoChicago.”并联系上文内容可知，下飞机时将信件落在了飞机上，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乘客下飞机后，机组人员在飞行后检查中发现了这些货物。A.received收到；B.missed错过；C.delivered递送；D.found发现。根据“realizedtheletterswereprecious,andhandedthecargoovertoagateagent.”（意识到这些信件很珍贵，就把货物交给了登机口的工作人员）可知，机组人员发现了这些信件，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些信件最终落入了SarahHaffner的手中。A.endedup最后来到；结束；B.cameout出版；C.passedon通过；D.tookover接管。根据“when,afterathree-weeksearch,oneairlinerepresentative___5__DeGoliawithherletters.”（经过三周的寻找之后，一名航空公司代表归还了她的信件）可知，这些信件最终到了SarahHaffner的手中，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：哈弗纳是中途机场西南航空公司行李服务办公室的主管，他仔细检查了这些信件，意识到这是非常珍贵的东西，需要找到失主。A.secretly秘密地；B.carefully认真地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.differently不同地。根据“realizeditwasverypreciousitem”（意识到这是非常珍贵的东西）可知，他经过了仔细地检查后得出了结论，故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈弗纳是中途机场西南航空公司行李服务办公室的主管，他仔细检查了这些信件，意识到这是非常珍贵的东西，需要找到失主。A.way方式；B.value价值；C.owner主人；D.price价格。根据“realizeditwasverypreciousitem”（意识到这是非常珍贵的东西）可知，珍贵的东西需要物归原主，故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，将物品归还给物主的过程是相当简单的。A.simple简单的；B.useful有用的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.slow缓慢的。根据“AgentslikeHaffnerlookforanyidentificationontheitem,andthen__13___thenametoapassengerbooking.”（像Haffner这样的代理人寻找物品上的任何身份证明，然后将名字与乘客预订匹配）可知，归还的过程很简单，故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Haffner这样的代理人寻找物品上的任何身份证明，然后将名字与乘客预订匹配。A.add增加；B.apply申请；C.match匹配；D.introduce介绍。根据前文“lookforanyidentificationontheitem”和下文“thenametoapassengerbooking”并联系语境是寻找失主可知，此处指的是与乘客名字相匹配，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这个人坐过中转航班，那不是问题，因为他们有一个几年前乘客的数据库。A.agents代理人；B.crew船员；C.parcels包裹；D.passengers旅客。根据“Ifthepersonhasbeenonaconnectingflight,that'snotanissue”（如果这个人已经坐过中转航班，那不是问题）可知，航空公司有旅客的数据库，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但问题是，在整批信件中，唯一可以辨认的名字是瑞秋•德戈利亚——而她没有乘坐过航班。A.cause原因；B.excuse借口；C.process步骤；D.problem问题。根据“wasthattheonlyidentifyingnameinthewholebatchofletterswasRachelDeGolia-andshehadn'tbeenonthefight.”（在整批信件中，唯一可以辨认的名字是瑞秋•德戈利亚——而她没有乘坐过航班）可知，此处指的是归还过程中唯一的问题，故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过三周的搜寻，他们终于在网上找到了来自俄亥俄州的瑞秋•德戈利亚的一些线索。A.preparing准备；B.searching寻找；C.waiting等待；D.thinking思考。根据“Afterthreeweeksof”（经过三周）和下文的“theyfinallyfound”可知，经过了三周的搜索，故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过三周的搜寻，他们终于在网上找到了来自俄亥俄州的瑞秋•德戈利亚的一些线索。A.rewards奖励；B.meanings含义；C.clues线索；D.puzzles谜。根据“theyfinallyfoundsome”和“Iwaslike,whatarethechances-it'sgottobeher”可知，他们找到了一些线索，故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她设法找到了一个电话号码。A.cabin木屋；B.baggage行李；C.phone电话；D.room房间。根据“At9p.m.onenightIgotthiscall”（一天晚上9点，我接到一个电话）可知，航空公司找到了电话号码并联系了她，故选C。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她被感动得热泪盈眶。A.annoyed生气的；B.worried担忧的；C.scared恐惧的；D.moved感动的。根据“callingHaffnerAwonderfulyoungwomanfor___20___herfamilylegacy(遗产).”（称Haffner是拯救家族财产了不起的女人）可知，她很感动，故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个了不起的年轻女人拯救了她的家族遗产。A.saving挽救；B.creating创造；C.proving证明；D.sharing分享。根据“herfamilylegacy”（她的家族遗产）可知，信件失而复得的过程即被挽救的过程，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’saccumulatedexperienceinreducingfoodlossandwasteisbeingsharedwiththeworld.Thisknowledgewillhelpmanycountriesimprovetheirability___41__