2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第7讲-宾语从句-教案

课程主题：宾语从句2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习学习目标1.掌握宾语从句的基本用法；2.掌握宾语从句的三要素；3.对阅读进行综合训练。教学内容【进门测试】1.Ihaven’tseenherforyears.Idon’tknow______shelookslikenow.A.which B.why C.when D.what2.Sheaskedme_______Icouldhelpherwithherbox.A.what B.who C.if D.that3.Hebegantothinkabout_______heshoulddothenewwork.A.what B.who C.which D.how4.Canyoutellme____gettotherailwaystation?A.howcanI B.whatIcan C.howIcan D.whereIcan5.Idon’tknow_____.A.whereshecomesfrom B.howoldisshe C.whenwassheborn D.whenissheborn6.－Canyoutellme_____?－Sure.HelivesonCenterStreet.A.wheredoeshelive B.wherehelives C.whyhelivesthere D.whatdoeshedo7.－Ms.Perry,canyoutellme_____?－Africa.A.whatthebabygiraffelikeseating B.whythebabygiraffelooksunhappyC.whenthebabygiraffewasborn D.wherethebabygiraffecamefrom8.－Excuseme,couldyoutellme_____?－Infiveminutes.A.howsoonwillthefilmbegin B.howsoonthefilmwillbeginC.howlongthefilmhasbeenon D.howlonghasthefilmbeenon9.－DidyouhaveagoodtimeinJilin?－Comeandhavealook.Myphotoswillshowyou_____.A.howwasthetrip B.whydidwegothereC.howwewentthere D.whatthetripwaslike10.Thismorningmymotheraskedme_____.A.whyheisnothere B.whereJuliawentlastweekendC.whattimeisit D.howdidmybrotherdoit【答案】DCDCABDBDB【多元导学】教学建议：老师让学生根据所给的句子思考宾语从句的概念；让学生分析所给的句子的成分,通过学生所熟悉的一些句子来引出句子充当宾语的概念。1.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheschool?2.Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.3.Everyoneknowstherearesixtyminutesinanhour.【互动精讲】宾语从句【知识梳理1】宾语从句的概念和结构在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时,这个句子就叫宾语从句。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句如：Ilovewhatyougaveme.从句主句连接词从句主句连接词【知识梳理2】宾语从句的引导词1.that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句,由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。例1.I

think

(that)

this

answer

is

correct.例2.I

know

nothing

about

him

except

(that)

he

lives

the

next

door.例3.I’m

sure

(that)

Mary

will

come

here

on

time.2.if或whether引导的宾语从句一般疑问句作宾语从句,由连词whether或if引导,因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略,且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例1.I

want

to

know

whether/if

you

will

come

soon.例2.I

wonder

whether/if

you’d

like

to

read

the

novel.后接if/whether的常见词有：wanttoknow/wonder/doubt/I’mnotsure。能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外,还可表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则。例.Youwillachievegreatsuccess,ifyouhaveadreamandbelieveinit.3.wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导。例1.Do

you

know

when

the

meeting

will

begin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？）例2.Could

you

tell

me

who

teaches

us

English?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？）例3.Do

you

know

which

is

faster,

a

car

or

a

plane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？）例4.I

was

surprised

at

what

he

had

done.（他所做的事使我吃惊。）例5.I

wonder

how

much

these

shoes

cost.（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。）【例题精讲】例1.—Youlooksoworried,James.Whathappened?—I’mstillthinking______Icanpasstheexamornot.A.though B.whether C.unless D.until【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据后半句Icanpasstheexamornot.可知选B。例2.Overtheseyears,Ihavehadanewunderstandingof______peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.A.how B.what C.who D.whom【答案】B【解析】考查引导词。句意：经过这些年,我对人们传统上怎么称呼一个完美的人有了新的理解。用what,故选B。容易误选A。例3.—Mother’sDayiscoming.ShallwemakesomepaperrosesforMum?—Soundsgreat!Butwouldyoupleaseshowme_______asIknowlittleaboutDIY?A.where B.why C.whether D.how【答案】D【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句。结合题干中asIknowlittleaboutDIY可知,因为“我”对DIY知道的很少。所以此处是,你能教“我”怎么做父亲节卡片吗？how意为“怎么”,此处引导宾语从句作show的宾语。此处宾语从句只有引导词,省略了其他成分。why意为“为什么”,whether意为“是否”,where意为“在哪”,均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。例4.WeChinesehavemadeitclear_____wecan’tbeforcedtogiveupourrights.A.whether B.if C.what D.that【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据句意：我们中国人清楚地表明,我们不能被迫放弃我们的权利。没有疑问含义,故选择D项。例5.Arobotcando_______youhaveaskedittodo.A.how B.what C.when D.that【答案】B【解析】考查连词,宾语从句缺失宾语,用what。【课堂练习】1.Ihear__________hewillbebackinamonth.A.whether B.that C.what D.which【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“我听说他将在一周后回来。”,且宾语从句是陈述句,所以用that作引导词。2.Theteacheraskedme__________Ineededanyhelp.A.whether B.that C.what D.which【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师问我是否需要帮助。”可知此处应用whether。3.—Doestheteacherknow__________willcomethisafternoon?—Yes,hedoes.A.which B.whose C.where D.who【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师知道今天下午谁会来吗？”,宾语从句缺少一个主语且表人。4.Doyouknow_____Isawyesterday?Itwasmyfavoritestar,Jackie!A.whom B.when C.where D.how【答案】A【解析】注意理解句子含义,句意为“你知道我昨天看到谁了吗？”,所填词意为“谁”。5.Teenagerswithworkingexperiencesknowmoreclearly________theywillbeinthefuture.A.who B.why C.where D.what【答案】D【解析】注意分析句子结构,从句中谓语动词“be”缺少宾语,因而选择“who”或“what”,再根据句意可知不是指人,因而选“what”。【知识梳理3】宾语从句的时态1.如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）,从句的时态根据实际情况而定。例1.Sheknows(that)herparentswillarriveinNanjingtomorrow.例2.Iknow(that)helivedherefiveyearsago.例3.Wehaveheard(that)shepractisesdancingeveryday.例4.Iamlookingforwheremypurseis.2.如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）,那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。时态变化的规律如下表：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时例1.Ididn’tknow(that)hewouldcome.例2.MissLitoldus(that)shehadseenthefilm.例3.Isaw(that)shewastalkingwithhermother.注意如果主句中出现couldyou/wouldyou,要提醒学生这些不是过去时,而只是表示委婉语气,用法视为一般现在时,所以从句依具体时态而定。3.当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时,不论主句是何种时态,从句都用一般现在时。例1.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthtravelsaroundthesun.例2.Shesaid(that)twoplusthreeisfive.【例题精讲】例1.—Doyouknow______tomorrow?—At8o’clock.A.whendidshecome B.whenshecameC.whenwillshecome D.whenshewillcome【答案】D【解析】宾语从句的三要素,时态,陈述句语序,引导词。“tomorrow”明天,表将来例2.—Howdoyouplantospendthecomingsummerholiday?—Ihaven’tdecided.Iwonder_________duringtheholiday.A.whereamIgoingtospend B.whetheritwasgoingtobesunnyC.whowillIinvitetohaveatripwithme D.ifmymotherwillgivemeextrahomework【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A语序错误；B时态错误；C语序错误例3.—IwonderwhatMr.Wangaskedyoujustnow?—Heasked________.A.whetherIwilltakepartinthesingingcompetition B.howlongIhaveboughtmynewbikeC.whatwaswrongwithmyoldbike D.howmuchmoneydidIspentonbooks【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。先通过语序排除D；再看时态排除AB；故答案选C例4.—DoyouknowifTom____________toplaybaseballwithus?—Hewillifhe___________timetomorrow.A.comes;has B.comes;willhave C.willcome;hasD.willcome;willhave【答案】C【解析】if“如果”引导主将从现,if“是否”引导宾语从句例5.Marywantedtoknow_________________A.ifwewouldhavea7-dayholidayornot B.howsoonwewillbeinvitedC.ifBeijingisthecapitalofChina D.whatyouweretalking【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句的时态。宾语从句中,主句为过去时,从句用相应的过去时态。因此排除B。whether…ornot连用,排除A,D选项缺少介词。【课堂练习】1.Hewantedtoknow____________.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting B.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe'sgoingtodoatthemeeting D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。A选项错在时态上,主句是过去时,从句要用过去的时态,除非是客观真理。A选项明显不是。C选项同错。D选项错在语序上,应该是wherethemeetingwouldbeheld.所以选B。2.Idon’tunderstand________suchasillyquestioninclassyesterday.A.whydidJohnask B.whyJohnaskedC.whyisJohnasking D.whyJohnasks【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的时态和语序。宾语从句主句时态是一般现在时,从句要根据句意用任意一种时态。另外从句语序要用陈述句语序,所以排除A和C选项。根据题意从句中要用一般过去时,所以排除D选项,答案为B。3.—Couldyoutellme______?I'mgoingtopickyouupattheairport.—At15:45thisFriday.A.whereyoumetme B.whoyouarecomingwithC.whenyoucamehere D.whattimeyouarearriving【答案】D【解析】注意句意,可判断出问句应问时间并用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时,从句时态根据具体情况而定,即用一般将来时。4.—Dad,pleasetellmewhenMum_____.Imissherverymuch.—Shewillreturnwhenshe____hertask.Andshewillbringanicepresentforyou.A.returns;finishes B.returns;willfinishC.willreturn;finishes D.willreturn;willfinish【答案】C【解析】第一空所在的句子为宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句依具体情况而定,用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句,不能用一般现在时,而用一般现在时代替。—Iwonderifyourfather_______youtogoswimming.—I’mnotsure.ButIwilltellyouifhe_______toletmejoinyou.A.willallow;agrees B.allows;agreesC.allows;willagree D.willallow;willagree【答案】A【解析】第一个if为宾语从句是否,主句一般现在时,从句根据句意选择将来时,第二个if为如果,主将从现,从句用一般现在时。【知识梳理4】宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即主语在前谓语在后,即使宾语从句本身是疑问句,也要将其变成陈述句语序。例1.Iheard(that)hewonaprize.例2.Theydon’tknowwhereheis.如果what’swrong/what’sthematter在句中充当宾语从句,语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语,其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。例1.Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.例2.Shedoesn’tknowwhat’sthematterwithhim.例3.Jackdidn’tknowwhathappened.例4.Iwanttoknowwhat’sonthedesk.【例题精讲】例1.–Couldyoutellme______?–Welostthegame,butwearestillabletogotoAustralia.A.wheretheChinaNationalteamwouldplayagainstIraqB.whetherwewonthesoccergameagainstIraqC.whenhesawthesoccergamebetweenPRCandIraqD.whyhedidn’twatchthesoccergame【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是宾语从句和情景对话。答句回答的是“我们输了比赛,但是仍然可以去澳大利亚”,所以问句就要问比赛的情况如何,只有B选择适合。例2.—Couldyoutellus_______?—Aboutfiveminutes.A.howsoonwillthefilmend B.howlonghasthefilmbegunC.howsoonthefilmhasended D.howlongthefilmhasbeenon【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。先根据答句排除A和C。再根据语序和动词的延续性排除B。故选D。例3.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—There’sane-shoponthethirdfloor.Youcanmakeitthere.A.whoIcouldhavemycomputerrepairedB.howcouldIgettothee-shoptorepairmycomputerC.whereIcanhavemycomputerrepairedD.whiche-shopIcangotorepairmycomputer【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。应使用陈述句语序,排除B；A时态用错；D回答和问题不相符（“哪一个”不能用“有一个”来回答）。例4.—Mike,canyouexplain_______?—I’msorry,mum.Iwaslisteningtomusicanddidn’thearit.A.whyeverythinginthehouseisinamessB.whynobodyansweredthephonewhenIcalledyouC.howyoucanfinishthehomeworkinsuchashorttimeD.howyoucanmaketherobotworksincethereisnobattery【答案】B【解析】宾语从句。考查语境的结合。译：---麦克,你可以解释一下为什么当我打电话给你时候没有人电话呢？----我很抱歉,妈妈。我当时正在听音乐没有听到电话声。例5.—Let’sgoonatriptoJimingTemplebyMobikethisSaturday,shallwe?—Goodidea.ButIwonder______.A.howcanIdownloadMobikeApp B.whetherit’sgoingtorainC.howmuchshouldwepayfortheMobike D.thatwecanmeetattheschoolgate【答案】B【解析】宾语从句考查。宾语从句后面应当使用陈述语序,排除AC两项；结合句意：我想知道是否会下雨,选择B项。例6.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—Betterwalkthere.It’sonlyabouttenminutes’walk.A.howfarSuguoSupermarketis B.howfarisSuguoSupermarketC.howcanIgettoSuguoSupermarke D.howIcangettoSuguoSupermarket【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句,解题三步骤“语序、时态、引导词”,可以判断是D。【课堂练习】—Couldyoupleasetellme______?—Ofcourse.A.howlongyouhaveborrowedthebook B.howyouthinkofthenewestmovieC.whenthenewshoppingmallwillbeopen D.whyyoulikewatchingtheprogram【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。A.howlong引导的从句,动词要是延续性的,这里的borrow是短暂性动词；B.whatyouthinkof...,这里用错了引导词；C.when用来问时间点的,这里的beopen是延续性的状态；故选D。2.Jack’smotherwonders___________________.A.thatthecomputercosthimmuch B.howmuchwillhepayforthecomputerC.ifthecomputerwillcosthimmuch D.howmuchhewouldpayforthecomputer【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句,从语序、时态和连接词来判断,只有C项符合要求,题意为杰克的妈妈想知道电脑是否会花费他很多钱,故答案为C。—Canyouimaginein100yearsfromnow?—It’llbeunbelievable.A.howwilllifebelike B.howlifewillbelikeC.whatlifewillbelike D.whatwilllifebelike【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。A和D语序不正确,how的句子不能出现like,所以选择C。—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?—Infrontofthegateofourschool.A.whattimeshouldwearriveatthepark B.whereshouldwemeetC.whereIcanfindyoutomorrowmorning D.whatweneedtotakewithus【答案】C【解析】本题考查宾语从句,AB的语序不对,根据答语可知是对地点提问,因此选择C。5.—Canyoutellme__________?—Sorry,I’mnotsure.A.wherewastheTVseriesIntheNameofthePeoplemadeB.whowillberecommendedasthehostofthecharityshowC.howwewilldowiththewaterpollutionD.whethertheyhavemarriedfor20years【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A选项语序错误；C选项应该用what引导特殊疑问句；D选项应该用havebeenmarried,因为后面是for20years。【课堂检测】单选题1.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand_____theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.A.why B.whether C.when D.how2.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.which B.why C.what D.how3.—Doyouthink_________hehastakenthebag?—_________I’mmistaken.A.that;Until B.weather;If C.that;Unless D.whether;Unless4.—Doyouknow___theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisit B.whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisit D.whentheyvisited5.Doyouremember________whenyoulastsawhim?A.thatTomtoldyou B.wherewasTomgoingC.whowaswithTom D.whatTomisgoingtodo6.—Iwonder________MottStreet.—Gothreeblocksandturnright.It’srightthere.A.ifcouldyoutellmehowtogetto B.thatyoucouldtellmehowIcangettoC.ifyoucouldtellmehowIcangetto D.thatcouldyoutellmehowIcan7.—It’ssaidthatparentscanbeoffonFridayafternooniftheyneed.—Isthattrue?ButI’mwondering_________.A.thattheycanaskforleaveonFriday B.whycantheyaskforleaveonFridayC.whencantheyaskforleaveonFriday D.whethertheycanaskforleaveonFriday8.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?—Yes.Goalongthestreetandturnrightatthecinema.Thenyouwillfindit.A.whereisthenearestbank B.wherethenearestbankisC.wherewasthenearestbank D.wherethenearestbankwas9.Wearegoingtohaveameetingthisafternoon.I'llcallWendytomakesure_______.A.whytostart B.whentostart C.whattostart D.whichtostart10.Wedon’tknow______.A.thisiswhosedictionary B.whosedictionaryisthisC.whosedictionarythisis D.whoseisthisdictionary11.－Yourbookisveryinteresting.Couldyoutellme_____?－InXinhuaBookstorenexttoourschool.A.wheredidyoubuyit B.whydidyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtit D.whyyouboughtit12.－I’dliketoknow_____.－Maybeintheforest.A.whetherwewillgocamping B.wherewewillgocampingC.whetherwillwegocamping D.wherewillwegocamping13.－Iwonder_____.－Yes,ofcourse.A.wherewecanbuytheparts B.howoftenyouhearformyoursisterC.ifImayhaveawordwithyou D.whyhearrivedlateyesterday14.－Doyouknow_____?－Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeaway B.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothere D.howoftenshewillgothere15.－Doyouknow_____?－Yes.It’sonyourtable.A.wheremydictionaryis B.whereismydictionaryC.whenIboughtmydictionary D.howIboughtmydictionary【答案】ACCBCCDBBCCBCBA阅读理解Inmanyorganizations,perhapsthebestwaytocompletecertainnewprojectsistogatheragroupofpeopleintoateam.Havingateamofpeopleattackaprojectoffersseveraladvantages.Firstofall,agroupofpeoplehavemoreknowledge,moreexperience,andmoreskillsindifferentfieldsthananysingleindividual（个体）does.Agroupcanworkmorequicklywheneverthetaskisassigned.Andagroupcancomeupwithhighlycreativesolutions（解决办法）toproblemsbecauseofthenumbersofpeoplewhotakepartandgreaterresourcestheyhave.Also,agroupismorelikelytomakeriskydecisionswhichasingleindividualmightnotmake.Thisisbecausethegroupspreadsresponsibility（责任）toallthemembers.Andthus,ifthedecisionturnsouttobewrong,nosingleindividualcanbeheldaccountable（负有责任的）.Then,takingpartinagroupcanbeveryrewardingformembersoftheteam.Teammemberswhohaveavoiceinmakingadecisionwillnodoubtfeelbetteraboutdoingtheworkthantheymightdowhatisimposed（把……强加于）onthembyothers.Lastbutnotleast,theteammemberhasamuchbetterchangeto“shine”.Thisisbecausetheygetmorechancestohavehisorhercontributionsandideasnotonlyrecognized（认可）,butrecognizedashighlyimportant.Thiskindofhigh-recognitionisbecauseateam’sachievementorinfluenceismuchhigherthantheindividual’s.Ateamcanfinishandachievewhattheindividualcan’tdo.Andateamcanreachaheightwhichtheindividualcan’treach.1.Howmanyadvantagesofateamarementionedinthepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five2.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat_________________.A.manyorganizationsgatherpeopleintoteamsB.itisgoodtoformateamtocompletetasksC.newprojectsareoftensenttolargegroupsD.peoplewouldliketocommunicateingroups3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraphs2&3?A.Agroupofpeoplearesuretobehighlycreative.B.Ateamalwaysfinishmoretasksthanindividuals.C.It’sdifficultforateamtomakecreativedecisions.D.Themembersofagroupcanshareresponsibility.4.Ateamisworthtakingpartinbecause_________________.A.individualsdonothaverightstomakedecisionsB.teammembershavebetterchangestobeexcellentC.teammembersareeasilyresp