福建省福州市2023届高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题

·PAGE1·福州市2023届高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题(完卷时间：120分钟；总分值：150分)本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两局部。第一卷1至11页，第二卷1l至12页。总分值150分。考试时间120分钟。考前须知：1．答题前，考生务必先将自己的学校、班级、姓名、班级座号和准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．考生作答时，请将答案写在答题卡上，并按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。3．选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。4．保持答题卡卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一卷(选择题共115分)第一局部听力(共两节，总分值30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．HowdidthewomanknowJohnfailedtheexam?A．Fromhisexpression．B．Fromhispaper． C．Fromthewoman．2．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atashop． B．Atacinema． C．Atarestaurant．3．Whatwillthespeakersdo?A．GotoManila． B．InviteMrQuizon． C．Getfamiliarwiththeircompany．4．Whoisthewoman?A．Anewworker． B．Aregularcustomer． C．Ashopmanager．5．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hewillgototown． B．Hemisseshisparents． C．Hehasmovedhouse．(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6．Whathappenedtotheboyatthebasketballmatch?A．Heinjuredhisleg．B．Hequitthematchhalfway．C．Hefailedtoscorethekeyball．7．Whatwastheboydisappointedat?A．Theresultofthematch．B．Hisperformanceinthematch．C．Histeammates’behaviorafterthematch．听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Playingchess． B．Lookingatpictures． C．Makingweekendplans．9．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Shecookedthemansomedishes．B．Sheexpressesaninterestincooking．C．Sheconcentrateswhenplayingchess．听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Ahobby． B．Ajob． C．Aplan．11．Whatdidthemanthinkoflearningtomakevideos?A．Diffcult． B．Enjoyable． C．Boring．12．Whatdoesthemanplantodointhefuture?A．Writestories． B．Stopmakingvideos． C．Enterthemusicindustry．听第9段材料，答复第13至l6题。13．Wherewillthemangofirst?A．Toahall． B．Toaclassroom． C．Toameetingroom．14．WhatwilltheDirectoroftheStudiestalkabout?A．Studentdormitories． B．Differentcourses． C．Socialactivities．15．Howlongwillthemanstayinthehall?A．Onehourandfifteenminutes．B．Oneandahalfhours．C．Onehourandforty-fiveminutes．16．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetest?A．Glad． B．Surprised． C．Confident．听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17．Howlongisthelectureaboutants?A．30minutes． B．45minutes． C．60minutes．18．WherewillthefilmTheGreatMigrationshow?A．InTheaterA． B．InTheaterB． C．InTheaterC．19．WhowillhosttheeventEncouragingGardenWildlife?A．DavidCrocker． B．MonicaChaddha C．Thespeaker．20．Whatcanthelistenersdoat230p．m．?A．VisittheExhibitionRoom． B．Attendalecture． C．Seeafilm．第二局部英语知识运用(共两节，总分值45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21．AnhuiProvincehasrelaxedtheone-childpolicy，allowingcouplestohaveasecondbabyif____parentisanonlychild．A．neither B．no C．either D．any22．Peoplewouldliketolistentoofficialstalk____，fornoonelikesanendlessandemptytalk．A．seriously B．fluently C．frequently D．plainly23．Sorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong，butit’llstillbesometime____Mr．Smithisavailable．A．when B．before C．afterD．since24．一Excuseme，sir．Thisisanon-smokingtrain．一Oh，sorry．I____knowthat．A．haven’tknown B．hadn’tknow C．didn’tknow D．don’tknow25．Theworldisabook，andthosewhodon’ttravelreadonlyonepage．That’s____I’llgoonatourthissummer．A．how B．why C．when D．where26．一____itsnowtomorrow，whatwouldwedo?一Inthatcase，we'11havetostayathome．A．Will B．Must C．Might D．Should27．NingZetao，whowonatotaloffourgoldsatthe2023IncheonAsianGames，____himselfasanewswimstar．A．distinguished B．described C．Represented D．developed28．TodayAPECisplayingamoreimportantroleintheworldstage，______purposeisto promoteeconomiccooperationintheAsia-Pacificarea．A．where B．whose C．when D．which29．Socialandeconomicdevelopmenthascontributedtoanincreasing______forfuture．A．demand B．curiosity C．anxiety D．arrangement30．Myauntisthoughtveryfashionable，forsheisalwayswearingasweater______onTVthese months．A．advertising B．havingadvertisedC．beingadvertised D．tobeadvertised31．JackMaistherichestmaninChinanowandhas______$3billiontoinvestinenvironmentandeducation．A．setaside B．setabout C．setdown D．setup32．ThefilmX—MenⅢ______tobeanotherbigboxofficedrawnextyear．A．haspromised B．ispromising C．willpromise D．promises33．Deepreadingisaprocessinwhichpeoplecriticallythink______tryingtocatchthewordsonthepage．A．inadditionto B．infavorof C．inreplyto D．insearchof34．Ifyouaresickwiththeflu，you’11havetostayhometopreventit______toothers．A．spread B．tospread C．Spreading D．tohavespread35．一Mysonisavolunteerandoftenhelpsthedisabled． 一______．They’rereallysomething．A．Sodothey B．SoitiswithmysonC．Soarethey D．Soismyson第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inanearlystage，inAmericans’eyes，EbolawasonlyadiseasecharacterizedbyfeverinAfrica．36thenamanfromwestAfricadiedfromEbolaatahospitalinDallas，Texas．Andtwonurses37forhimbecameinfectedwiththevirus，whichmadetheUSgovernmentissuenewguidelines(指南)to38healthworkers．TopAmerican39haverepeatedlysaidthatmostpeoplehavelittlechanceofbeinginfected．Expertshave40thatEbolacanonlybespreadthrough41withaninfectedperson’sbodyfluid-likeblood．Butit42manyAmericansare43whattheyhaveheard．Arecentsurveyfoundmorethan80percentofAmericansbelievethatEbolacanbespreadinmany44，includingairforcedthroughthenoseormouth．TheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth45thefindings．Thestudyalsoshowedthatmostadultsfeartherewillbea(n)46ofEbolaintheUnitedStatessoon．47surveyfoundthatmorethan70percentofAmericanswouldsupportcallsto48traveltoandfromEbola-affectedpartsofAfrica．ThomasFriedenheadstheU.S．CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention．Whenaskedwhether49officialshadconsideredatravelban，Mr．Friedenhad50tosay：“Wewon’tbeabletochecktravelersfor51whentheyleaveorwhentheyarrive.Wewon’tbeable,aswedo52,totakeadetailedhistorytoseeiftheywere53whentheyarrive.Whentheyarrive,wewouldn’tbeabletoimposequarantine〔强加隔离〕aswenowcaniftheyhave54contact.〞 Lastweek,PresidentBarackObamaurgedAmericansnotto55whathecalled“panicorfear“.Thisweek，theadministrationannouncedthatalltravelersarrivingintheUnitedStatesfromsomeAfricannationsarerequiredtopassthroughoneoffiveairports．36．A．Just B．So C．But D．even37．A．arranging B．standing C．searching D．caring38．A．protect B．attend C．inspect D．accompany39．A．physicists B．doctors C．officials D．officers40．A．stated B．suggested C．considered D．regretted41．A．stay B．contact C．communication D．struggle42．A．proves B．happens C．says D．appears43．A．studying B．discussing C．questioning D．determining44．A．ways B．areas C．organs D．bodies45．A．released B．received C．admitted D．rejected46．A．set B．income C．decrease D．outbreak47．A．Theother B．Another C．One D．Thesame48．A．forbid B．expect C．require D．allow49．A．foreign B．royal C．African D．federal50．A．that B．this C．nothing D．those51．A．change B．money C．fever D．crime52．A．immediately B．occasionally C．presently D．regularly53．A．examined B．searched C．explored D．exposed54．A．distant B．high-risk C．common D．slight55．A．lookforwardto B．payattentionto C．giveinto D．addupto第三局部阅读理解〔共20小题；每题2分，总分值40分〕阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouknowhowUncleSambecamethepopularsymboloftheUnitedStatesSomehistoriansbelievethatheisbasedonarealperson，SamuelWilson．DuringtheWarof1812，WilsonsoldmeattoAmericantroops.Wilsonlabeledthemeatbarrels〔桶〕US．Thismeantthatitwasforthearmy．Atthattime，USwasnotusedtomean“UnitedStates〞．AnofficeraskedwhattheUSonthebarrelsmeant．Asoldierreplied，“UnitedStates〞，meaningSamuelWilson．TheUncleSamimage〔形象〕todayshowsamanwithabeard，astarsandstripes〔星条旗〕tophat，andasuit．ThomasNastcreatedthisimageinabout1838．ItrepresentedthegovernmentinNast'spoliticalcartoons．SomepeoplebelievethatNastbasedhisimageonDanRice，apopularentertainer．Riceperformedwhilewearingatophatandsuit．OthersthinkitwasJamesM．FlaggthatdrewthemostfamousimageofUncleSamin1917，duringWorldWarI．Itshowsaseriousmanpointingafingerattheviewerandsays“UnitedStates〞．FlaggdrewthisenduringimagetoencourageAmericanstojointheU.S．Army．Ithasbeenusedforthispurposeeversince．Today,UncleSamisasymboloftheUnitedStatesthatisrecognizedaroundtheworld．56．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．UncleSamwasacharactercreatedbythegovernmentoftheUnitedStates．B．SamuelWilson，abusinessman，soldmeattoAmericantroopsduringtheWarof1812．C．UncleSamwasbasedonanentertainertoshowAmericanswerepopularpeople．D．TheimageofUncleSamhasbeenusedtourgeAmericanstojointhearmysince1838．57．Theunderlinedword“enduring〞inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“________〞.A．long-lasting B．short-lived C．painful D．scary58．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat___________.A．UncleSamisanofficerfromtheAmericanarmyB．UncleSam’stophatandsuitreflecttheAmericanflagC．TileUncleSamsymbolisthebestofallAmericansymbolsD．OpinionsdifferabouthowUncleSambecameanationalsymbol59．Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?A．ThenameUncleSamwasinventedduringtheWarof1821．B．TherearemanysymbolsoftheUnitedStates，includingUncleSam．C．Overtime，theimageofUncleSamcametorepresenttheUnitedStates．D．UncleSamisanationalsymbolthatisrecognizedaroundtheUnitedStates．BCharlieBucket，thebelovedheroofBritishwriterRoaldDahl’severgreen1964children’sstoryCharlieandtheChocolateFactory,islikeallofDahl’sreaders．WemaycomefromricherorpoorerfamiliesthanCharliedoes，butweallsharehisdesiretowinthatgoldentickettoexplorethewondersofMrWillyWonka’scandyfactory．．．MrWonkaisthemostfamouschocolatemakerintheworld．Hischocolatesarenotjustsweetanddeliciousbutlittleworksofart.Hemakeshoticecreamsforcolddaysandcandiesthatchangecolorevery10secondsasyousuckonthem.So,naturally,whenMrWonkaannouncesacompetitiontovisithisfamouschocolatefactory,verykidintheworldiswildlyexcited.Towinaplaceyouhavegetaticket.Togetaticketyouhavetobelucky,findingagoldenticketbeneaththesilverfoil(箔)whenyoubuyabarofWonka'schocolate.Charliewantsaticketmorethananyone.Buthisfamilyissopoorthattheyhavenomoneytospareforcandy.Charliewatchesonthenewsaseachluckykidgetsaticket.WhenhisgrandpaslipsCharliesomemoneyandtellshimtobuyaWonkabar,itseemsthatthestorywillchange.Butno,there'snoticketinthebar.ButCharlie'sluckdoeschange.Againstalltheodds(逆境),whenhehasgivenupallhope,hefindshimselfholdingthelastgoldenticket.SoCharlie，alongwithotherkids，startshismagicaltrip.Inside,therearemoreamazingthingsthanyoucouldeverimagine.Peoplelovetoreadaboutthedowntrodden(受压迫的)herowhocomesoutontop.butCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryismuchmorethanasimplestory.“Dahl'swords.,wildimaginationandmenacing(令人讨厌的)adultcharactersallcombinetomakehisworkringsotrue,〞commentedPublishersWeekly.“Thewayhecelebratestheinnocenceofchildhoodnevergoesoutofstyle.〞Accordingtothepassage,Wonka'schocolates.A.areworksofartappealingtokids B.canchangeshapesevery10secondsC.arepopularwithpoorfamilies D.canbringgoodlucktopoorkidsCharliebuysaWonkabarinorderto.A.tastesweetanddeliciouschocolates B.tryhislucktogetaticketinthebarC.explorethewondersofchocolates D.findouthowchocolatesaremadeWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassages？A.Charliewantstogetmoregoldenticketsthananyoneelse.B.Charliehaslearnttoproducethemostdeliciouschocolate.C.Charlie'stripintheChocolatesFactoryisfullofamazement.D.Mr.Wonkaannouncesanactivityinwhichkidscangetchocolates.TheauthorofCharlieandtheChocolateFactorythinkshighlyof.A.wildimagination B.innocenceofchildhoodC.vividdescription D.disgustingadultcharactersCTravelingtoanewcountryisn'tassimpleasjustbuyingaticketandboardingaplane.Infact,itcanbeeasyforanawkwardsituationtooccur.Differentcustomscanoftencausemisunderstandingsandeventrouble.SoanarticleintheDailyMaihighlightedtaboosincertaincountries.Let’stakealook.FranceWhenvisitingFrance,you’dbetternotbecaughtcuttingyourlettuce〔生菜〕withaknifeandfork.It’srudetothechiefcookandsuggeststhatthesaladhasn’tbeenpreparedcorrectly.ThecorrectwaytoeatlettuceinFranceistofolditwithyourforktomakeitfitinyourmouth.Italy02It’sactuallybesttobealittlelessfriendlythanusualwhenyouvisitItaly.It’sconsideredstrangetomakesmalltalkwithstrangers,asthelocalsarereserved.ToomuchfamiliarityfromastrangerInMexico,bringinganexpensivegifttosomeone’shomeisano-no,asyecouldbeseenassomethingforyou.Somethingsimplelikeflowersandchocolateswouldbeaccepted.Butyoucan’ttakealongmarigolds〔金盏花〕orredflowers,becauseinMexicanculture,theysymbolizedeathandcanbeassociatedwiththeuseofmagic.MexicoYouhavetobecarefulwithgiftsofflowersinGermanytoo.Foxexample,carnation(康乃馨)areusedforareligiousceremonyforburyingadeadperson.Soifyouwanttogiveyourhostflowers,askthemwhattheirfavoriteflowers,Andifyourbringyourhostyourhosteightflowers.heorshewon'tbehappy,foranevennumbersconsideredunlucky.Germany0464.Theunderlinedword“taboo〞inthefirstparagraphreferstoasocialcustomthatmeanaparticularactivitymustbe.A.Held B.Avoided C.undertaken D.protected65.Accordingtothepassage，asatourist,youcan.A.sendredflowersorchocolatestoyourfriendinMexicoB.nevertalkwithstrangershappilyforashorttimeinItalyC.visityourfriendwithelevenmarigoldsheorshelikesbestinGermanyD.neverfoldyourlettucewithyourforktomakeitfitinyourmouthinFrance66.Thepurposeofthepassageistohelpinanewcountry.A.acquirethelatestinformationB.dealwithanawkwardsituationC.learnhowtogetonwithstrangersD.preventanemharrassingmistakeDItseemsthatpeoplearegraduallylosingtheirsmartnessassmartphonesbecomeincreasinglyimportantassistantsintheirlives.Aswerelytoomuchontechnologyinsteadofourbrains,manypeoplehavelostthreebasicabilities.Thefirstskillmanypeoplehavelostisrememberingphonenumbers.Becausephonenumbersarestoredinsmartphonecontacts,there'snownoneedtodialanumberorlookatitagain.Thisisfineuntilyouneedtocallsomeoneforhelp,onlytofindyourphoneisnotaround.Andsomepeoplemayalsohavelosttheirsenseofdirectionbecausenavigationappscanguidepeopleanywheretheywant.Peoplegetsodependentonthemthatwhentheycan'tusetheirsmartphones,theygetlostandanxious.Buttheworstlostskillsmaybesocialones,meaningthatsomepeoplearebecomingsociallyinept(无能的)Peopleoftenburythemselvesintheirsmartphones.Aswe'retooabsent-mindedbywhat'shappeninginthevirtual(虚拟的)someofushavelostconversationalskillsandsometimescan'tevendistinguishwhetherapersonishappyornot.LastAugust,researchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,studied51studentsaged11and12whohadoverfivehours'screentimeeveryday.Theirtaskwastotelltheemotionsof48picturesoffacesthatwerehappy,sad,angryorscared.Thechildrenmadeanaverageof14.02mistakesatthebeginning.Butafterafive-daycampwithoutelectronicproducts,theymadeonly9.41mistakesonaverage.Luckily,peoplestillhaveachancetogettheseabilitiesback.Youshouldtrytokeepyourparents'numbersinmindforemergencies.Youshouldalsopaymoreattentiontostreetsignsandstores,whichwillhelpyoutodrawamindmapandstopyoufromgettinglost.Andtheeasiestsolutiontosocialskilllossistotakeabreakfromelectronicproducts.67.Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphimpliesthat.A.youareabletoturntoothersforhelpB.othersareabletocallyouanytimeandanywhereC.othersareunabletogetintouchwithyoubysmartphoneD.youareunabletocontactotherswithoutyoursmartphone68.Theexperimentbyresearchersindicatedthatwithoutelectronicproducts,onecould.A.recognizemorefacialexpressionscorrectly B.losethesenseofdirectionfrequentlyC.telldifferentemotionsimmediately D.morepicturesoffaceseasily69.Overusingsmartphones,peoplewillprobablyaccordingtothepassageA.loseface-to-facecommunicationskills B.havenosenseofnumbersC.weakentheirsensesofhearingandsight D.failtofindtheirdestination70.Thepassagemainlytellsusthatmanypeopleare.A.becomingnosmarterthansmartphonesB.benefitingfromsmartphones'intelligenceC．losingsomebasicabilitiesbecauseofusingsamrtphonesD．tryinghardtobreakawayfromsmartphones’intelligence71．Thewriter’sattitudetowardselectronicproductsis.A．criticalB．sympatheticC．supportiveD．optimisticENASAisdevelopingthecapabilitiesneededtosendhumanstoanasteroid〔小行星〕by2025andthenMarsinthe2030s—goalsoutlinedinNASA’sofficialdocuments2023．Marsisarichdestinationtorscientificdiscoveryandroboticandhumanexplorationasweexpandourpresenceintothesolarsystem．Futureexplorationcoulduncoverevidenceoflife，answeringoneofthefundamentalmysteries：DoeslifeexistbeyondEarth?WhileroboticexplorershavestudiedMarsformorethan40years，NASA’spathforthehumanexplorationofMarsbeginsinlow-EarthorbitaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation．Astronautsontheorbitinglaboratoryarehelpingusprovemanyofthetechnologiesandcommunicationssystemsneededforhumanmissions〔任务〕todeepspace，includingMars．Thespacestationalsoadvancesourunderstandingofhowthebodychangesinspaceandhowtoprotectastronauthealth．Ournextstepisdeepspace，whereNASAwillsendaroboticmissiontocatchandredirectanasteroidtoorbitthemoon．AstronautsaboardtheOrionspacecraftwillexploretheasteroidinthe2023s，returningtoEarthwithsamples．Thisexperienceinhumanspaceflightbeyondlow-EarthorbitwillhelpNASAtestnewsystems，whichwe’llneedtosendcargo〔货物〕aspartofhumanmissionstoMars．BeginninginFY2023，NASA’spowerfullSpaceLaunchSystem〔SLS〕rocketwillenablethese"provingground"missionstotestnewtechnologies．HumanmissionstoMarswillrelyonOrionandanevolvedversionofSLSthatwillbethemostpowerfullaunchvehicleeverflown。Alotofroboticspacecraftandrovers〔探测器〕alreadyareonandaroundMars，greatlyincreasingourknowledgeabouttheRedPlanetandpavingthewayoffuturehumanexplorers．TheMarsScienceLaboratoryCuriosityrovermeasuredradiationonthewaytoMarsandissendingbackradiationdatafromthesurface．ThisdatawillhelpusplanhowtoprotecttheastronautswhowillexploreMars．FuturemissionsliketheMars2023rover，seekingsignsofpastlife，alsowilldemonstratenewtechnologiesthatcouldhelpastronautssurviveonMars．EngineersandscientistsaroundthecountryareworkinghardtodevelopthetechnologiesastronautswillusetoonedayliveandworkonMars，andsafelyreturnhomefromthenextgiantleapforhumanity．NASAalsoisaleaderinaGlobalExplorationRoadmap，workingwithinternationalpartnersandtheU．S．commercialspaceindustrywithhumanmissionstothesurfaceofMarsasthedrivinggoal．72．Itcanbelearntfromthefirstthreeparagraphsthat.A．MarsistheperfectplaceforscientificdiscoveryandhumansettlementB．astronauts’physicalchangesinthespacestationshouldberecordedC．NASAintendstosendroboticexplorersandhumanstoMarsin2025D．astronautsinthespacestationaretestingtechnologiesforbetterlifeontheEarth73．TheOrionSpacecraft_________.A．willsendcargotoMarsB．wasbuilttoexplorelow-earthorbitC．needsSLSrockettofinishitsmissionD．willbringbacksamplesofanasteroid74．Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．theU.S．commercialspaceindustryisaleaderinexplorationtoMars．B．ManyprotectivemeasuresareneededwhenexploringMars．C．NASAisanagencythatplanstoexploreMarsinsecret．D．CuriosityroveristhefirstrovertobesenttoMars．75．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．Futurel