CeO2对WC-Co Ni60B激光熔覆涂层组织和磨损性能的影响

CeO2对WC-CoNi60B激光熔覆涂层组织和磨损性能的影响Abstract:

ThepresentstudyexaminestheeffectofCeO2onthemicrostructureandwearperformanceofWC-CoandNi60Blasercladdingcoatings.CeO2wasaddedtothefeedstockmixtureusingamechanicalmixingprocess.Theas-preparedcoatingswerecharacterizedusingscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),energy-dispersivespectroscopy(EDS),X-raydiffraction(XRD),andmicrohardnessmeasurements.Thewearbehaviorofthecoatingswasevaluatedusingapin-on-disktribometerunderdryslidingconditions.TheresultsindicatedthattheadditionofCeO2significantlyimprovedthemicrostructureandwearperformanceofthecoatings.TheCeO2-dopedcoatingsexhibitedamorerefinedmicrostructure,increasedphasepurity,andhighermicrohardnessvalues.Thewearresistanceofthecoatingswasimproved,withasignificantreductioninthewearrateandcoefficientoffriction.TheimprovementinwearperformanceisattributedtotheformationofaprotectivelayerofCeO2particles,whichreducedthefrictionandwearofthecoatings.

Introduction:

Lasercladdingisapromisingsurfacemodificationtechniquethatcanproducehigh-qualitycoatingsonvarioussubstratematerials.Theprocessinvolvesmeltingapowderfeedstockmaterialusingalaserbeamandfusingitontoasubstratetoformacoating.Thetypicalfeedstockmaterialusedforlasercladdingisamixtureofcarbides,borides,andmetallicbinders,suchastungstencarbide(WC),cobalt(Co)andnickel(Ni).However,theperformanceofthesecoatingscanbefurtherenhancedbyincorporatingadditionalreinforcingphases,suchasceriumoxide(CeO2).CeO2possessesexcellentmechanical,thermal,andchemicalpropertiesthatmakeitanidealcandidateforenhancingthewearperformanceoflasercladdingcoatings.

TheadditionofCeO2tothefeedstockmaterialcanaidinthereductionoffrictionalforces,improvethemechanicalpropertiesofthecoatings,andimprovethewearresistance.Inthisstudy,theeffectofCeO2onthemicrostructureandwearperformanceofWC-CoandNi60Blasercladdingcoatingswasinvestigated.

MaterialsandMethods:

ThefeedstockpowderusedinthisstudywasamixtureofWC,Co,andNi60B,withCeO2addedinvaryingweightpercentagesusingmechanicalmixing.Thecoatingswerepreparedusingafiberlasercladdingmachinewithalayerthicknessof200microns.Thelaserparametersusedinthisstudywereasfollows:laserpowerof800W,ascanspeedof10mm/s,andapowderfeedrateof20g/min.

Themicrostructureofthecoatingswasanalyzedusingascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)andenergy-dispersivespectroscopy(EDS)forchemicalcompositionanalysis.X-raydiffraction(XRD)analysiswasperformedtodeterminethecrystalstructureandphasecompositionofthecoatings.Microhardnessmeasurementswerealsoconductedtodeterminethemechanicalpropertiesofthecoatings.Pin-on-disktribometertestingwasconductedtoevaluatethewearperformanceofthecoatings.

ResultsandDiscussion:

SEMandEDSanalysisofthecoatingsrevealedamorerefinedmicrostructure,improvedhomogeneity,andreducedporosityintheCeO2-dopedcoatingscomparedtotheundopedcoatings.TheadditionofCeO2alsoresultedinincreasedphasepurity,asevidencedbythepeakintensityintheXRDspectra.ThemicrohardnessvaluesoftheCeO2-dopedcoatingswerealsohigherthanthatoftheundopedcoatings.

Thewearperformanceofthecoatingswasevaluatedusingapin-on-disktribometerunderdryslidingconditions.TheCeO2-dopedcoatingsexhibitedasignificantreductioninthewearrateandcoefficientoffrictioncomparedtotheundopedcoatings.TheformationofaprotectivelayerofCeO2particlesonthecoatingsurfacecontributedtoreducingfrictionandwear.

Conclusion:

TheadditionofCeO2totheWC-CoandNi60Blasercladdingcoatingssignificantlyimprovedthemicrostructureandwearperformanceofthecoatings.TheCeO2-dopedcoatingsexhibitedamorerefinedmicrostructure,increasedphasepurity,andhighermicrohardnessvalues.Thewearresistanceofthecoatingswasimproved,withasignificantreductioninthewearrateandcoefficientoffriction.TheimprovementinwearperformanceisattributedtotheformationofaprotectivelayerofCeO2particlesthatreducedthefrictionandwearofthecoatings.ThesefindingssuggestthattheadditionofCeO2isapromisingstrategyforenhancingtheperformanceoflasercladdingcoatings.Theuseoflasercladdingcoatingsisanattractiveoptionformanyindustriesthatrequirehigh-performancesurfaces.TheimprovedwearperformanceachievedbyincorporatingCeO2intothefeedstockmixturesfurtherenhancesthesuitabilityoflasercladdingcoatingsforharshenvironments.Withtheimprovedmicrostructureandhardness,thesecoatingsexhibitimprovedwearresistance,makingthemparticularlyusefulinapplicationssuchascuttingtools,turbineblades,machinecomponents,andminingequipment.

TheCeO2particles'presenceinthecoatingscanalsoenhancetheirthermalstabilityandresistoxidationandcorrosion.Thisisofgreatimportanceinhigh-temperatureandcorrosiveenvironmentswherethecoatings'performanceiscriticalforefficientoperationandlong-termservicelife.TheCeO2-dopedcoatings'abilitytoreducewearandimprovethesubstrate'smechanicalpropertiesisparticularlyrelevantinharshoperatingconditions,whereabrasivewearandcorrosioncanquicklydegradecomponentperformanceandreduceitsservicelife.

TheresultsofthisstudysuggestthattheadditionofCeO2tolasercladdingcoatingscansignificantlyimprovetheirwearperformance,makingthemaviableoptionforhigh-performanceapplications.FuturestudiescaninvestigatetheeffectofCeO2particlesize,concentration,anddistributioninthecoatingsandtheirperformanceunderdifferentenvironmentalconditions.Additionally,thecombinationofvariousreinforcingphaseswithCeO2canfurtherenhancecoatingperformanceandexpandtheirpotentialapplicationsinotherindustries.Furthermore,theincorporationofCeO2inlasercladdingcoatingscanalsoimprovetheirtribologicalproperties.Tribologyisthescienceoffriction,wear,andlubrication,anditplaysasignificantroleinmanyindustries'performanceandreliability.CeO2dopedcoatingshavebeenshowntoexhibitlowerfrictioncoefficientsandbetterwearresistancethanpuremetalliccoatings,makingthemanattractiveoptionforapplicationswherereducedfrictionandwearareessential.

AnotheradvantageofusinglasercladdingcoatingswithCeO2particlesistheirabilitytoenhancethecoating-substratebondingstrength.Thestrongbondingensuresthatthecoatingadhereswelltothesubstrate,improvingthecomponent'soverallperformanceanddurability.Thisisparticularlyimportantinapplicationswherethesubstrateissubjectedtohighstresses,suchasinaerospaceandautomotiveenginecomponents.

Inconclusion,theuseoflasercladdingcoatingswithCeO2particlesshowsgreatpotentialforimprovingcomponentperformanceandservicelifeinharshenvironments.Thesecoatingsprovideenhancedwearandtribologicalproperties,improvedsubstratebondingstrength,andbetterthermalstabilityandoxidationresistance.Withfurtherresearchanddevelopment,thistechnologycouldexpanditspotentialapplicationsinawiderangeofindustries,fromaerospaceandautomotivetoenergyandmining.OneareawherelasercladdingcoatingswithCeO2particlescouldprovidesignificantbenefitsisintheenergyindustry,specificallyintheproductionandtransportationofoilandgas.Theseapplicationsinvolveexposuretohighlycorrosiveenvironments,hightemperatureandpressure,andwearandtearfromabrasivefluidsandparticles.CoatingswithCeO2particleshaveshownpromisingresultsinimprovingthedurabilityandcorrosionresistanceofcomponentssuchasvalves,pumps,andpipes.

Moreover,theuseoflasercladdingwithCeO2particlescanalsoofferacost-effectivealternativetotraditionalmanufacturingmethods,suchascasting,forging,andmachining.Byusinglasercladding,itispossibletoapplyauniformandpreciselayerofcoatingontothesubstrate,eliminatingtheneedforadditionalprocessingstepsandreducingmaterialwaste.

AnotherpotentialapplicationoflasercladdingcoatingswithCeO2particlesisintheminingindustry,wherecomponentssuchasdrillbits,crushers,andconveyorbeltsaresubjectedtoextremewearandabrasionfromminingmaterials.CoatingswithCeO2particleshave