2023南通一模(四)英语

2023届高三年级第一次模拟考试(四)英语(满分120分，考试时间120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。()1.Whatcoloristheman'stoothbrush?A.Blue.B.Green.C.Red.()2.Whatisthemanmostlyworriedabout?A.Thenoisyplane.B.Thesafetyoftheairplane.C.Theserviceoftheflightattendant.()3.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Impatient.B.Helpless.C.Exhausted.()4.Whendoesthegirlhavetogotobed?A.At8：00p．m.B.At9：00p．m.C.At11：00p．m.()5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atafruitshop.B.Atacandyshop.C.Atthewoman'shouse.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。()6.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandemployee.B.Co­workers.C.Classmates.()7.WhyisJaneunhappy?A.Sheforgottoanswersomeemails.B.Shetalkedtoangrycustomersallmorning.C.Sheisusuallythefirstonetotakecomplaints.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。()8.Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal?A.$20.B.$25.C.$45.()9.Howdidthemangethisshirtdirty?A.Bycookingvegetablesoup.B.Byeatingnoodles.C.Bywashingup.()10.Whenwillthemangethisshirtback?A.OnSunday.B.OnMonday.C.OnTuesday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。()11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.()12.WhatjusthappenedtoChad'sshirt?A.Hegotateastainonit.B.Hegotbluepaintonit.C.Herolledinthegrasswithit.()13.WhatwillChaddoafterschool?A.Tellhismotherwhathappened.B.AskBettytoexplainforhim.C.Buyanewshirt.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。()14.Whereisthetreehouse?A.InJustin'syard.B.InStanley'syard.C.InMissJohnson'syard.()15.HowwillJustingetbacktothetreehouse?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.()16.WhyisJustininahurry?A.Heisafraidofthunder.B.Hethinksit'sgoingtorain.C.HewantsMomtoseethetreehouse.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。()17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Howtopredictanearthquake.B.Howtosurviveanearthquake.C.Howtorescuepeopleinanearthquake.()18.Whatdopeopleneedtogetreadyforanearthquake?A.Shelters.B.Cars.C.Blankets.()19.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodowhenanearthquakehits?A.Droptotheground.B.Staybythewindow.C.Runtowardsthedoor.()20.Whatdoesthespeakerwarnpeopleofattheendofthetalk?A.Trappedlifts.B.Fallingpieces.C.Damagedbridges.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。()21.Heavydebtsleftthefirmfacedwithaneconomic________inthefinancialcrisis.A.switchB.scratchC.squeezeD.status()22.FengChu,reported________theNationalPrizeforProgressinScienceandTechnologyin2023,isapost­90sPHDcandidate.A.winningB.tohavewonC.towinD.havingwon()23.—Ihaven'tmetMrSmiththesedays.—Oh,Iforgottotellyou.He________fromhispostinourcollege.A.resignedB.hasresignedC.hadresignedD.wouldresign()24.TheconceptsinphilosophyJackreadhavesomewhataffectedhowhe________hisdailylife.A.shrinksfromB.pullsthroughC.compensatesforD.goesabout()25.Thedoctorisinadilemma________heshouldtellthepatientthetruth.A.thatB.whetherC.whereD.how()26.Aseriesofpolicieshasbeenadoptedsofar________benefitsthepoverty­strickenpeoplewillenjoy.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.as()27.InhisNewYearSpeech,PresidentXi________thathappinessisachievedthroughhardwork.A.underlinedB.undidC.undertookD.updated()28.Theautocompanysucceededindevelopingatypeofnewenergyvehicle,________countlessfailures.A.experiencingB.toexperienceC.tohaveexperiencedD.havingexperienced()29.Anyoffendershallbebroughtbackandbroughttojustice________he/shemayfleeabroad.A.incaseB.evenifC.nowthatD.ifonly()30.Thesefiguresshouldbe________，forevenaminorerrorcancostusmillionsofdollars.A.preciseB.flexibleC.optionalD.approximate()31.—Whyareyouupset,Maria?—Myfatherdidn'tevenbuymeaChristmaspresent!Whata________！A.JudasB.SamaritanC.JonahD.Scrooge()32.Isuspect________Emilywaslyingwhenshedescribedtheincident,forIknowherwell.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.how()33.—Ithoughttomorrowwasthedeadlineformyconfirmation.—Nevermind.Callmelaterandtellmewhatyou________then.A.wouldthinkB.hadthoughtC.thinkD.thought()34.Itwasonlywhenhewassenttohospital________fullyawareofthevalueofhealth.A.didhebecomeB.thathebecameC.hadhebecomeD.thathehadbecome()35.—Johnwascriticizedagainbythebossthismorning.—________.He'salwayscausingtrouble.A.NowonderB.NowayC.NoproblemD.Nodoubt第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Iwas18yearsold,fit,strongandambitious.Oneday,Ifelldownforno__36__reason.Isawmanydifferentspecialistsandwasfinallydiagnosedwithlimbgirdlemusculardystrophy(MD)．Itwasaverydifficulttime.Ihadnoideawhatlifewasgoingto__37__atmeandIwasscared.Bymylate30sitwas__38__andIhadtransitioned(转变)fromawalkingsticktoawheelchair.Iwantedtobemasterofmyown__39__，soIhadtorecognisemy__40__andplaytomyweaknesses.WhatIwantedtomake__41__wasatriptothenorthpole.PeoplewithMDfeelthecold.SowhydidIwanttogotooneofthemostextreme,coldand__42__placesonEarth?I'dreadaboutChrisCope,whowantedtogotothenorthpoletoraisemoneyforMD,andithad__43__myadventurousspirit:Iwantedtoraiseawarenessaboutthe__44__，butIalsowantedtofindoutwhatIwascapableof.I'mvery__45__.Inthetwoyearsithadtakentoorganisetheexpedition,mymuscleshadworsenedbutwe__46__regardless.Theunpleasantlifecoachingandcoldtraininghelpedmeto__47__howmybodywouldbehaveinextremecold,whichmademeawareofwhatto__48__.Ihadanamazingteamaroundme,__49__thefourdifferentflightswetooktogettotheinnerArcticiceshelfwereneverthelessdiscouraging.Whilewewereontheicetherunway__50__andwehadtowaitforittorefreeze.__51__wereachedthenorthpole,Iwasbitterlycold,exhaustedandacomplete__52__.Iwasontheiceforthebestpartofthreelongdays,then__53__thefinal350m.Theexpeditionraised￡50，000for__54__.MDisslowlydestroyingmylifebutIhavechosentofillitwith__55__andIlivelifetothefull.()36.A.adequateB.apparentC.soundD.major()37.A.yellB.targetC.throwD.direct()38.A.advancedB.initialC.modestD.minor()39.A.diseaseB.fateC.fortuneD.business()40.A.strengthsB.privilegesC.achievementsD.commitments()41.A.differB.workC.countD.happen()42.A.autonomousB.mysteriousC.inaccessibleD.fantastic()43.A.referredtoB.appliedtoC.belongedtoD.appealedto()44.A.significanceB.conservationC.conditionD.ambition()45.A.trustworthyB.delicateC.ridiculousD.competitive()46.A.pulledoutB.pressedonC.tookoffD.hungabout()47.A.assessB.illustrateC.stressD.clarify()48.A.valueB.expectC.requireD.forgive()49.A.butB.thoughC.soD.as()50.A.floatedB.splitC.disappearedD.twisted()51.A.BecauseB.UnlessC.BeforeD.Once()52.A.messB.failureC.prideD.envy()53.A.ranB.climbedC.walkedD.rolled()54.A.treatmentB.ecologyC.trainingD.charity()55.A.experiencesB.imaginationsC.recreationsD.responsibilities第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHowtoSpeakBrit$19.98Bethefirsttoreviewthisproduct!HowtoSpeakBrit:TheQuintessential(典型)GuidetotheKing'sEnglish,CockneySlang,andOtherFlummoxingBritishPhrasesisthequintessentialAtoZguidetoBritishEnglish—perfectforeverybookwormlookingtoconquerthelanguagebarrier.OscarWildeoncesaidtheBritshave“everythingincommonwithAmericanowadaysexcept,ofcourse,language”．AnyvisitortoOldBlightycansympathizewithMrWilde.Afterall,evenfluentEnglishspeakerscanbeatsixesandsevenswhentoldtopickupthe“dogandbone”or“headtotheloo”，sotheycan“spendapenny”.Whereverdidtheseuniqueexpressionscomefrom?Partlanguageguide,partculturalstudy,HowtoSpeakBritistheperfectadditiontoeveryAnglophile's(亲英派的)libraryandanentertainingintroductionthatwillcharmthelinguistic­mindedpeople.SKU:20642INSTOCKQty：eq\x(1)eq\x(AddtoCart)eq\x(AddtoWishlist)eq\x(AddtoCompare)eq\x(ViewComparisonList)SharewithaFriendeq\x(Facebook)eq\x(Twitter)eq\x(WeChat)eq\x(QQ)()56.HowtoSpeakBritisintendedtohelpreaders________．A.toexposethemselvestoBritishculturesB.togainabettercommandofBritishEnglishC.tocombinelanguagelearningwithentertainmentD.todifferentiateAmericanEnglishfromBritishEnglish()57.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Abooklet.B.Awebpage.C.Abrochure.D.Alibraryguide.BTounderstandoneofthesecretsofcreativity,justpeek(窥视)intoanartclassroominDenver,Colorado.TheteacherasksherpupilstoimitatethestyleofVassilyKandinsky.ThestudentscopyKandinsky'sartstyle,masteringbrushworkandlearningcolourtheory.Ifthatwasallthereweretothelesson,itwouldbeahands­onclassinarthistory.Buttheartteacherasksthestudentstocutuptheirpaintingsandbuild3Dsculpturesoutofthepieces.Theyhaveallstartedwiththesamesource,buttheirworksallenduplookingextremelydifferent:somerisestraightupinacolumn,whileothersareajigsaw(相互交错)ofdifferentformsandangles.Thestudentslearntotreatthepastnotasalandingpoint,butasalaunchingpad.Creativitydoesn'tcomeout_of_the_blue.Noideaiseverwhollyoriginal;thereisalwaysalinkfromtheknowntothenew.Werelyonculturetoprovideuswithastorehouseofrawmaterialswhichwethentransform.Eachgenerationaddsanotherlayertothecliffsideofhistory.Oneofthekeystodevelopinginventivenessisnottotreatthepastassacred.Beethovendidn'twritesymphoniesbecausehethoughttherewasanythingwrongwithMozart's.Picassodidn'tpaintvariationsoncanvasesbyVelásquezandManetbecauseherejectedtheoldmasters,butratherbecauseheadmiredthem.Whilewesometimestinker(修补)withtheimperfect,wealsoremakewhatwelove,showingouradmirationforthepastbypassingdownitsDNA.Sometimesinventorsattempttocovertheirtracks.StravinskydeniedthatTheRiteofSpring,hisrevolutionaryballet,includedanyactualfolktunes,butscholarsfoundavolumeoftheminhislibraryafterhisdeath.Creativemindsalwaysstartfromaprecedent(先例)andmovefromthere,buthowfarshouldtheygo?Thechallengeisthatstayingtooclosetothefamiliarcandissatisfy,whilewanderingtoofarcanfailtofindfollowers.ThomasEdisonmadesmallchangestothetelephone,dramaticallyimprovedthelightbulb—andatthefarendimaginedunderwatercitiespoweredbysolarenergy.ThedesignerNormanBe1Geddesdesignedahostofpracticalproducts,suchascocktailshakersandfurniture—buthealsorangedmuchfurther,sketchingflyingcarsandhousesinwhichthewallsroseupintotheceilinglikegaragedoors.TheDNAoftheoriginalisstillthere,butbytheendithasevolvedtosomethingnew.Eachofusiscreatingourownvariationsonthemespasseddowntous.We'reatourmostinventivewhenwedon'tallowhistorytolimitourimaginations,buttolaunchthem.That'salessonthatcanstartyoung—andthatneverages.()58.TheartteacherinColoradointendstotellthestudentsthatthesecretofcreativityis________．A.tocopythemasters'workswithouteffortB.tocompletelyrejectthemasters'stylesC.tobuildtheirbrilliantideasonthepastD.tocomparetheirworkswiththemasters'()59.Theunderlinedphrase“outofblue”inParagraph3means________．A.unfortunatelyB.graduallyC.frequentlyD.unexpectedly()60.Whichofthefollowingisn'ttheproductofcreativityaccordingtotheauthor?A.Aflyingear.B.AcopyofaMozart.C.Animprovedlightbulb.D.Anunderwatercitypoweredbysolarenergy.CMajRundlöfremembersthemomentshechangedhermindaboutneonicotinoids—theworld'smostwidelyusedpesticides(杀虫剂).InDecember2023,inherofficeatLundUniversityinSweden,sheandpostdoctorGeorgAnderssonwerelookingatdatafromtheirlateststudy.Itwasdesignedtotestwhatwouldhappentobeesiftheyfedoncropstreatedwithneonicotinoids.“Ididn'texpecttoseeanyeffectatall,tobehonest，”saysRundlöf.Honeybeesweren'tgreatlyaffectedbythechemicalsincrops,thestudysuggested.Butthedataonbumblebeestoldadifferentstory.Bumblebeecoloniesthathadn'tfedonthetreatedcropslookednormal:theywerepackingonweighttosurvivethewinter.Butinthecoloniesexposedtoneonicotinoids,thegrowthchartwasaflatline.WhentheSwedishstudywaspublishedinApril2023,itmadeheadlinesaroundtheworld.Itwasthefirsttoshowthatneonicotinoids—knownasneonics—couldharmbeesinareal­worldfarmingsituation.Beepopulationsaredeclininginmanypartsoftheglobe,aworryingsignforthecropsandwildplantsthatrelyonthesebeesfortheirsurvival.Parasites(寄生虫),diseaseandshrinkingfoodresourcesareallprimesuspects.Butalinktoneonicshasbecomeamajorflashpoint.EvenbeforeRundlöf'sresultswererevealed,theEuropeanUnionhadplacedheavyrestrictionsonthreemostwidelyusedneonicsinfloweringcrops—plantsthatmightbeattractivetobees—amongrisingconcernsthatthechemicalsmightharmpollinators(传粉者).Butfarmers,theagrochemicalindustryandsomescientistspointedoutthatthesewerebasedonlimitedevidence,gatheredmostlyfromlabtests.SinceRundlöf'spaper,studiesshowingreal­worldevidenceofharmfrompesticidesinthefieldhavebeenmounting—andenvironmentalorganizationshavedemandedwide­rangingbans.Regulatoryagencieswillsoondecidewhattodoaboutneonics,whichhaveaglobalmarketworthmorethanUS$1.5billionperyear.Thismonth,theEU'sEuropeanFoodSafetyAuthorityisduetocompleteare­evaluationofevidenceforrestrictingneonics;theEUwillthenneedtodecidewhatactiontotake.Francehaspassedalawthatwouldbanneonicsin2023.Butindustrygroupsandsomescientistssaytheevidencestillisn'tconclusive.Thepictureiscomplicated:somestudiesshowharmtosomebeesinsomecircumstances,whileothersfindnoharm.Theresultsseemtobeaffectedbymanyfactors,includingthespeciesofbeeandthekindsofcropsinvolved.Scientistsworkingonthequestionsayanynewstudyisinstantlypickedatbyadvocatesonbothsides.Eventheresultsofthelargeststudyonthematter,fundedbytheagrochemicalindustry,failedtoproduceaconsensus.It'slikelythatpoliticalorregulatorydecisionswillsettlethematterbeforeopposingpartiesagree.()61.MajRundlöf'sstudysuggeststhat________．A.neonicotinoidsarelinkedtobeedeclinesB.bumblebeesarethreatenedwithcoldwinterC.honeybeesareatnoriskfromneonicotinoidsD.neonicotinoidsareharmfultobeesasexpected()62.Whydoesthedecliningofbeepopulationsraisemuchconcern?A.Diseasehascausedthelackoffoodresources.B.Floweringcropswithneonicsareappealingtobees.C.Beesplayaleadingroleinlimitingthenumberofparasites.D.Beepopulationsarecrucialtothesurvivalofcropsandwildplants.()63.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________．A.theEUistofurtherassesstheharmofneonicotinoidsB.evidenceofharmtobeesfrompesticidesissufficientC.theEUhasalreadybannedtheuseofneonicotinoidsD.moreandmorestudiesprovepesticidesharmfultobees()64.Thelastparagraphismainlyabout________．A.thebattleoverthewidespreaduseofneonicotinoidsB.thedebateabouttheharmbyneonicotinoidstobeesC.factorsofinfluenceonthepresentsituationofbeesD.doubtsaboutcurrentpoliticalorregulatorysystemsDTherearemanyheartbreakingmomentsinthisbeautifullywrittenbook,LettertoLouis,byAlisonWhite,butthefirstcomesbeforeitevenbegins.InthedevotiontohersonLouis,authorAlisonWhitesayshowshewantedtowriteitsothatpeoplewouldunderstanddisabilityandcaring,butalso,“tobetotallyhonest,IwantedtowritesomethingthatwouldmakepeopleconsiderbeingLouis'sfriend”.Beneaththatsimpleplea(恳求)liesthegreatfearofsomanyparentswhonurseaseverelydisabledchildthroughtoadulthood:“WhatwillhappenwhenI'mgone？”Insteadofgivingavividaccountofthefearandanxietiesthataccompanylong­termcaring,shejusttellsuswhatit'slike,anditisequallyadmirable,uplifting,terrifying.Asasociety,wearefondofpraisingshort­termheroism:thesoldierorfirefighter,braverycontainablewithinasinglestory.TheuncomfortabletruththatLettertoLouislaysbareisthattheheroismoflong­termtoughness,thedailycaringovermanyyears,isneithergreatnorinteresting.Attimes,withtwootherchildrentocareforandLouiswakingfivetimesanight,stillundiagnosedandinconstantpain,Whitefeelssimpledespair.“Ipicturethecliff.Ipicturejumpingholdingyoutightinmyarms,fallingandfallingthroughtheair.”Althoughtherearemomentsofjoy—whenLouisfirstspeaks,managestowalkalittle—Whiteoffersnocomfortingplatitudes(陈词滥调).“Mydestinyhasbeendecided.Therealisationhitsmefullforceinthestomach.Idon'twantthisdestiny.”Verysoon,youcometoadmireWhite'scouragenotonlyinraisingachildwithadisabilitybutinresistingthetemptationtohitoneortwoofthemanysheencountersalongtheway:aClarksshoeshopassistantwhorefusestosellLouis,awheelchairuser,apairofshoesbecausehecan'twalkacrosstheroomforhertocheckthefit,andanunhelpfuloccupationaltherapistwhowon'tauthorisethetoiletingequipmentthatheneeds,insistinghehastolearntowipehisownbottom,eventhoughitisaphysicalimpossibilityforhim.ItisshockingtolearnthatatLouis'smostdisabled,afteradisastrousfootoperation,thefamilyareonlyentitledtotwohours'helpamonth.Temporarycareonlycomes,eventually,whentheyareclosetobreakdown.Atonepoint,Louishasfivedifferentsocialworkersineightmonths—andthen,unbelievably,facestheovernightwithdrawalofalltemporarycarewhenhereacheshis18thbirthday.Ontheotherhand,Whiteexplainsthedifferencethatthesupportoffamilyandfriendsandsmallactsofkindnessfromstrangerscanmake.WhenshetakesLouisonaspecialdaytriptoLondonbecausehewantstotravelonthetube,TransportforLondonstafftakeituponthemselvestoradioaheadtoeachothertomakesurethereisalwayssomeonetohelpthemateachstationhewantstovisit.Onceinawhile,atherapistordoctoractuallylistenstoWhite'sknowledgeandexpertiseregardingherson'scondition.Eventually,though,thelong­termconsequencesofconstantlackofsleepandcaringworkbegintotakeeffect.AslightlymysteriouschaptertowardstheendofthebookseestheauthordisappearingtoEdinburghtowalkandsitincafes:it'sneverstatedclearlywhetherthisisforworkorbecauseshehashadabreakdownoracombinationofthetwo.Thewonderisonlythatithastakensolong.Thischapterisjustoneofthehalf­toldstoriesinthisbook:theauthorismindfuloftheneedtoprotecttheprivacyofherhusband,althoughitiscleartheirmarriagehascomeclosetobreakingpointmanytimes,asanybody'swould,andthatofherothertwochildren.Beneath_it_all_is_a_cold_anger_that_any_decent-minded_reader_will_share_towards_a_society_that_fails_to_understand_that_unless_carers_are_properly_cared_for_by_the_rest_of_us,_it_all_falls_apart．Aboveall,thisbookisapleaforunderstanding,fortherestofsocietytopauseawhilewhentheyencountersomeonelikeLouisorhisparents.Thehugedifferenceakindlywordorhelpfulactcanmake—andthedestructionathoughtlessactcancause—cannotbeunderestimated.Thisbookisanessentialreadforanyonewhohasevercomplainedabouttheirtaxesgoingtopayfordisabilityservices:itshouldbelegallyrequiredreadingforanyoneinthemedicalprofessionoranyonewiththepowertodecideaboutcutstothoseservices.Therestofusshouldreaditforanacuteinsightintojusthowluckyweare.()65.AlisonWhitewroteLettertoLouisto________．A.describethehardshipsinbringingupherdisabledchildB.illustratethesufferingsandmiseriesofherdisabledchildC.promoteacceptanceofthedisabledandconcernfortheircarersD.expressparents'worriesaboutthefutureoftheirdisabledchildren()66.Bycomparingtwokindsofheroismtheauthorintendsto________．A.applaudthebraveryofsoldiersandfirefightersB.encouragetheparentsofthedisabledtoliveonC.blamepeoplefortheirfavorofshort­termheroismD.emphasizetheheroismofcaringforadisabledchild()67.Whatcanweinferfromthe4thparagraph?A.Louisisabletodependonhimselfat18.B.TheWhiteseventuallybreakdownindespair.C.SocialworkersarewillingtoofferhelptoLouis.D.Publicsupportforthedisabledisfarfromideal.()68.AlisonWhitedisappearstoEdinburghandstaystherelongprobablybecause________．A.socialworkers'helpfreesherfromthetoughnessoflifeB.thecoldandindifferentsocietymakesherdisappointedC.shetemporarilyescapesfromtheendlesscaringworkD.shewantstoberelievedfromtheblowofhetdivorce()69.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?A.Societyshouldshowconcernforthecarersofthedisabled.B.Readerswillmisunderstandsocietyifcarersareneglected.C.Itdoesnotmakeanysensetobeangrywithsociety.D.Thecarersshouldberesponsiblefortheirownneeds.()70.Theauthorofthepassageconcludesitwith________．A.strongrecommendationB.obviousdisapprovalC.cautiouswarningD.mildcriticism第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Itseemsthatwe'retalkingmorethanever.Andit'struethatwehavemoreplatformsforconnectionandcommunicationthaneverbefore.Butwhatfeelslikeconversationisactuallyjusttalking.Conversation—theexchangeofideasandthoughtsbetweentwopeopleinwhichbothunderstandoneanotherandrespondtoeachother—isdisappearingunderneaththemountainsofposts,andtexts.It'sthatconversationIwanttorevive(恢复),thekindthatinvolvesjudgingfairlyandcarefullythequalitiesoftheotherandincreasesempathy(心灵相通).That'sthekindofbondthatbuildsbridgesandcrossesthedividessplittingusapart.Canyoustillhavethatkindofconversation?Ofcourseyoucan.Thefirstbarrieristhephone.Astudyshowedthatthemerepresenceofaphone,evenonethatdidn'tbelongtothepeopletalking,madethoseinvolvedinachatmorelikelytoseetheotherpersonasunfriendlyanduntrustworthy.So,thefirststepistoputitaway.Next,stopavoidingconversationsyouthinkmightleadtoanargumentandinsteadlearntohavethediscussionwithoutarguing.Youdothatbychoosingtolearnfromtheconversationinsteadofteaching.Don'ttrytoeducatetheotherperson,provethemwrongorchangetheirmind,becausethatprobablywon'thappen.Instead,makeityourgoaltolearnmoreabouttheirperspective(视角).Thisisanexcellentwaytoincreaseyourownempathyandstimulate(激发)yourmindwithnewideas.Youmaydisagreewithwhatthey'resaying,butyou'redoingalotofgoodforyourselfinlisteningtothemwithrespect.Andthatbringsustothenextstep:listen.Listeningisaskillandwearen'tbornknowinghowtodoitwell.Oftenwehearjustthefirstfewwordssomeonespeaksandthenstartcraftingourresponse.That'sacommonhabitandit'shardtobreak.Inordertolisteneffectively,youhavetoallowthoughtstoenteryourheadandthenletthemflowfightbackoutsoyoucanreturntolistening.It'snoteasy,butit'snecessaryifyouhopetoreallyhearandunderstandwhatanotherpersonissaying.Learningtolistenisanintenselyrewardingexperience.Thepeoplear