(完整)初中英语语法-名词专题(含练习)

#名（一）一、名的观点：在我身存在着林林总总的人和事物， 它都有自己的称号，我用来称号它的就是名，归纳来表示人、事物、地方、象等的名称的都叫名。二、名的分：1．闻名：它的第一个字母往常大写。比如：Lucy,Shanghai,China比如比如：Lucy,Shanghai,China比如:theUnitedNations比如：English,Friday,March(注意介in/on/at的用法）、体、机构等言、礼拜、月份等注意：国家与人的China ChineseAmerica American(s)Australia Australian(s)Canada Canadian(s)Japan JapaneseGermany German(s)France Frenchman(Frenchmen)GB Englishman(Englishmen)2．一般名：（1）不行数名：不可以够直接以数字算的名。比如：snow,air,water,rice,paper,work,news（新），food,rain,weather,juice,milk,meat,money，English,fruit,information…不行数名要表示详细数目，必借助of短。如不可以onebread，可是能够onepieceofbread和twopiecesofbread。只好用来修不行数名的表示数目的一些或短：little极少的（表示否认）；alittle一些（表示一定），much（多），howmuch（多少），abitof（一些）既能用来修可数名又能用来修不行数名的表示数目的一些或短：some（一些，用于一定句）,any（一些，用于否认和疑句）alotof（多）,lotsof（多）★不行数名量的表示方法：量+of比如：apieceofnews acupoftea apieceofbreadtwopiecesofnewstwocupsoftea twopiecesofbread注意：abagofapples（2）可数名词：能够直接以数字计算的名词。如onebook、twopens。可数名词有数的变化，即每个名词都有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词能够用两种方式表示详细数目：1、直接在其前加数词；2、在其前加of短语（of+能够用作计量的名词）。如：oneegg,twoeggs;onebasketofeggs,twobasketsofeggs★名词复数的组成：a.一般状况下，直接在词尾加s;比如：bookbooksgirl—girlsdesk-desksb.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在词尾力口es；例如：boxboxesbusbuseswatchwatchesfishfishesc.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加es;比如：citycities family-families以元音字母（a,e,i,o,u）+y结尾的，直接加s;比如：boyboys daydayskeykeysd.以f或fe结尾的，变f或fe为v加es;比如：knifekniveslife-liveswife-wives half-halves但roof,scarf后直接力口se.以o结尾的，有生命的（或以辅音字母加o结尾的）加es,没生命的（或以元音字母力口o结尾的）加s;比如：radioradios NegroNegroestomatotomatoes potato-potatoes zoozoospianopianos photophotos但hippo后直接加s以下名词特别简单犯错，请注意：stomach胃一stomachs,roof屋顶一roofs,reef暗礁一reefs,belief崇奉一beliefs,handkerchief手帕一handkerchiefs/handkerchieves★Man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,child-children,fish-fish/fishes,sheep-sheep,ox-oxen（公牛），deer-deer,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese,mouse-micepoliceman-policemen等注：German（德国人）-Germans只好用来修饰可数名词的表示数目的一些词或短语：few极少的（表示否认），afew一些（表示一定），many（很多），howmany（多少），anumberof（很多的）,several几个讲堂练习：、写出以下名词的复数形式:1.egg 4.knife1.egg 4.knife 7.desk 10.sheep11.13.wife 16.dress 19.exam 22..juice 25.paper28.bus 2.watch 5.radio 8.glass Chinese 14.family17.Englishman20.German 23.water 26.factory29.class 3.story 6.tomato 9.child 12.pencil-box15.city 18.match 21.potato 24.holiday27.thief 30.glasswifebabypoliceman34.brushwifebabypoliceman34.brush二、单项选择Pleasepassme.A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwatersC.twoglassesofwaterD.twoglasswaterTheygotmuchfromthosenewbooks.A.ideasB.photosC.informationD.storiesHehadsomethingtowritedownandaskedmefor.A.apaperB.somepapersC.somepiecesofpapersD.apieceofpaperSomeareflyingkitesneartheriver.A.childB.boyC.boysD.childsI’dlikesomewater,buthewants.A.twobottleorangeB.twobottlesoforangeC.twobottlesoforangesD.twobottlesoforangesLookatthe.Youcanseeand.A.photos;potatoes,tomatoes,radioesB.photoes;potatoes,tomatoes,radiosC.photos;potatoes,tomatoes,radiosD.photos;potatos,tomatos,radioesCuttheappleinto.A.halfsB.halvesC.halfMr.Linoftengivesusbye-mail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformationThereare inthefields.They ’reeatinggrass.A.ahorseB.muchhorsesC.manyhorseD.manyhorsesIamthirsty.Wouldyoubringme ,please?A.somebreadB.somewaterC.somecakesD.someeggsHowgreatDalianRadioandTVcenterlooks!Yes.That’soneofthegreatest inDalian.A.buildingB.buildC.buildingsD.buildsHowmany hastheoldfarmergot?A.fieldB.sheepC.muttonD.cowTheguidehassomenew .Shecanshowthemtous.A.riceB.foodC.jacketD.picturesWhatwouldyouliketodrink,girls? ,please.A.TwocupofcoffeeB.TwocupsofcoffeesC.TwocupsofcoffeeD.TwocupofcoffeesThe aregoingtoflytoBeijing.A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.GermansThe hastwo .A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watchTheboyalwaysstaystherefor .A.oneandhalfhourB.oneandahalfhourC.oneandhalfhoursD.oneandahalfhoursTheyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem ?Certainly.A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwatersDon’tyouthinkDalianisoneofthemostbeautiful inChina?A.citiesB.cityC.placeD.townsupWhatcanIdoforyou?I ’mlookingfor .A.apairofshoesB.apairofT-shirtC.twopairsofhatD.twopairoftrousersTwelve werehurt,butno werelostinthataccident.A.person;lifeB.people;livesC.peoples;livesD.persons;lifeThereareonthetable.A.aglassofwaterB.aglassofmilkC.twoglassesofwaterD.aglassoforangeTherearefewinthefridge.Let'gosandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggsMr.Smithalwayshastotellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnews D.somepieceofgoodnewsThereisalotofinthebox.A.cakeB.bagsofcakesC.milkD.bagsofmilk课后作业：一、英汉互译1.一片面包 2. 一瓶牛奶.一箱苹果 4. 一碗汤.一条信息 6.四杯桔子汁.五包糖果 8.两公斤牛肉.十一名美国人 10.六名女学生二、用所给名词的正确形式填空。1.1havetwo (knife).2.Therearemany(box)here.IgotalotofChristmas(card).Thereisapairof(glass)onthetable.Thereareafew(people)intheplayground.Howmany(ship)canyouseeinthepicture?Mikehasseven(friend).Afew(boy)aredrawingonthewall.Hehassomeinteresting (book).The (child)areplayingfootballnow.三、单项选择Heishungry.Givehimtoeat.A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbreadC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads2.Iwouldliketohave.A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilksCanyougiveme?A.ateaB.somecupofteaC.acupteaD.acupofteaPleasegivemepaper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceofJohnboughtforhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoesChildrenshouldmakeforoldpeopleinabus.A.roomB.aroomC.roomsD.theroomTherearesixty-seveninourschool.A.women'steacherB.womenteachersC.womanteachersD.womenteacherWeneedsomemore.Canyougoandgetsome,please?A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.PotatosAgroupofaretalkingwithtwooverthere.A.Frenchmen;GermansB.Frenchmen;GermenC.German;FrenchmenD.Germans;Frenchmans.LucyandIgotoschooleveryday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootsD.bybuses.—Arethose?No,-theyaren't.They′re.A.sheep;cowsB.sheep;cowC.sheeps;cowD.sheeps;cows.Sheisthetallestof inthefamily.

anysisterallthesistersallhersistersanyothersistersanysisterallthesistersallhersistersanyothersistersTheydonthavetodo today.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomeworkD.muchhomeworksTheChinesepeopleenjoyhappy now.A.life B.lifes C.alife D.lives名词（二）要点：名词全部格在英语中，有些名词的词尾能够加上's,用来表示所属关系，这类构造称为名词的全部格。.单数名词变全部格，只要在词尾加’s.Eg.theboy'sschoolbag theworker'sshoes.复数名词的词尾已有s,只要加‘即可。Eg.theteachers'office thestudents'pens.若复数名词词尾无s,则应加's.Eg.Women'sDay thePeople'sPark.无生命的词的全部格一般可用of加名词这一构造来表示。Eg.thenameofthemuseum thecenterofthecity.表示几个人共有同样东西，只要在最后一个人的名词前加 ’s，若表示各自所有，则每个名词后都要加’s.Eg.JimandTom'sbedroom（吉姆和汤姆的寝室）（两人共有）Jim'sandTom'sbedrooms（吉姆和汤姆的寝室）（两人各自全部）讲堂练习:、用's或of填空。、用's或of填空。1.mymotherbag3.thedoorourroom5.theteachersdesk2.Tomfriend4.postmenbags6.abookmyfather's、汉译英1.露西的书2.学生们的鞋子3.李明的猫4.母亲的裙子5.这个公园的花6.我们教室的墙三、用所给名词的正确形式填空。Thisis(May)book.My (brothers)toycarsareverybeautiful.Heisafriendofmy (mother).That’s (KenandBill)newbedroom.Whosearetheselunchbox?Theyare(Ben).(Pat)bagisverypretty. (Bob)isverypretty,too.Thesebooksaremy (friend).stTomorrowisJune1.It'—s (children)Day.四、单项选择Thisisnotyourradio,but.A.yoursbrotherB.yourbrother'sC.youbrother'sD.yoursbrothersthSeptember10is Day.A.TeacherB.TeachersC.Teachers'D.Teachers'sJaneissister.A.MaryandJack B.MarysandJack'sC.Mary’sandJackD.MaryandJack'sIwillgiveyoutofinishit.A.twoweek'stime B.twoweektimeC.twoweeks'time D.twoweekstimeMissSmithisafriendofA.Mary'A.Mary'smother'B.Mary'smotherC.Marymother's6.March8C.Marymother's6.March8thisD.mother'sofMaryDay.A.WomanWomenWomensWomansA.WomanWomenWomensWomansMarywentto lastnight.A.thehouseofherfather B.hersfather'shouseC.thehouse'sherfather D.herfather'shouseThereare sheepinthisplace.A.alotB.lotC.muchD.manyIt'sabout walkfromthisshoptothenearestbusstop.A.threeminutes'B.threeminuteC.threeminute'sD.threeminutes'sThedoctorwasveryhappy.Hemade mistakesintheexam.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew课后练习：、用’s或of填空。1.thedesksourclassroom3.windowstheoffice5.thedriverscars7.Lindablouse2.my