【英语】英语翻译易错剖析

【英语】英语翻译易错剖析一、高中英语翻译.高中英语翻译题：Translation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate).网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(atthecostof).让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so).博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose)【答案】.WhatonearthhasmotivatedXiaoWang’senthusiasm/initiativetomajorinelectronicengineering?.Onlinepaymentbringsconveniencetoconsumersatthecostoftheirprivacy..Tomyparents’satisfaction,thediningroomofthisapartmentoverlookstheCenturyParkoppositethestreetandsoitiswiththesittingroom.或者WhatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfyisthattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment,socantheyfromthelivingroom..Thismuseumisnotwellmanaged,whoseexhibitsarecoveredwithdust,andtherearefewvisitors,soeverythingisbadlyinneedofimprovement.或Themuseumwhosemanagementisreckless,whoseexhibitsarepiledwithdustandwhoselobbyisdeserted,requiresimmediateimprovement.【解析】motivatesbtodosth激发某人做某事，onearth究竟，majorin以…为专业，enthusiasm/initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为WhatonearthhasmotivatedXiaoWang,senthusiasm/initiativetomajorinelectronicengineering?onlinepayment网上支付，bringsconvenienceto给…带来方便，atthecostof以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Onlinepaymentbringsconveniencetoconsumersatthecostoftheirprivacy.Tomyparents,satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样soitiswith。也可以用主语从句Whatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfy表语从句thattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment。overlooks俯视，oppositethestreet街对面，livingroom起居室。故翻译为Tomyparents,satisfaction,thediningroomofthisapartmentoverlookstheCenturyParkoppositethestreetandsoitiswiththesittingroom.或者WhatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfyisthattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment,socantheyfromthelivingroom.notwellmanaged/managementisreckless疏于管理，becoveredwithdust/bepiledwithdust被灰尘覆盖，fewvisitors游客稀少，bebadlyinneedofimprovement/requiresimmediateimprovement亟需改善。故翻译为hismuseumisnotwellmanaged,whoseexhibitsarecoveredwithdust,andtherearefewvisitors,soeverythingisbadlyinneedofimprovement.或Themuseumwhosemanagementisreckless,whoseexhibitsarepiledwithdustandwhoselobbyisdeserted,requiresimmediateimprovement.2.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字Y0（Hardly）.这家医院装备了现代化的设施，而且人们乘地铁可以到达。（accessible）.在这样一个快速变化的社会，人们担心不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。（afraid）.抱着努力不会白费的信念，他经历了起起伏伏，最终取得了成功。（belief）【答案】.Hardlyhadhehandedinthetestpaperwhenherealizedthathehadforgottentowritehisnameonit..Thishospitalisequippedwithmodernfacilitiesandisaccessiblebyunderground.3.Insucharapidlychangingsociety,peopleareafraidofnotbeingabletogetthelatestinformationandthusfallingbehindothers./Insucharapidlychangingsociety,peopleareafraidthattheywillnotbekeptupdatedwiththelatestinformationandthusfallbehind.4.Holding/Withthebeliefthathiseffortswillpayoffcan’tbeinvain/won’tbewastedwillberewarded/noeffortwillturnouttobeawaste,heachievedsuccessintheendandaftergoingthroughupsanddowns.【解析】.考查倒装句。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：handin“提交”，realize"意识到”，要使用hardly..when…句型，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。故译为：Hardlyhadhehandedinthetestpaperwhenherealizedthathehadforgottentowritehisnameonit..考查accessible的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：beequippedwithmodemfacilities"装备了现代化的设施”，accessible“易接近的；可进入的”，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：Thishospitalisequippedwithmodemfacilitiesandisaccessiblebyunderground..考查afraid的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：sucharapidlychangingsociety"这样一个快速变化的社会”，beafraidof/that"担心,害怕”，beabletodo“能够做某事”，getthelatestinformation“得到最新资讯”，fallbehind“落后”，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为：Insucharapidlychangingsociety,peopleareafraidofnotbeingabletogetthelatestinformationandthusfallingbehindothers./Insucharapidlychangingsociety,peopleareafraidthattheywillnotbekeptupdatedwiththelatestinformationandthusfallbehind..考查belief的用法。根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：hold/withthebelief“坚持信念”，payoff/can,tbeinvain/won,tbewasted/willberewarded/noeffortwillturnouttobeawaste“不会白费”,achievesuccess“取得了成功”，gothroughupsanddowns“经历了起起伏伏”。此处描述的“信念”是客观真理，应使一般现在时或将来时，“取得成功”属于过去，应使用一般过去时。故译为：Holding/Withthebeliefthathiseffortswillpayoff/can’tbeinvain/won’tbewasted/willberewarded/noeffortwillturnouttobeawaste,heachievedsuccessintheendandaftergoingthroughupsanddowns.3.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。(needn.).在现代社会中，年轻人承受着巨大的压力，这会导致平均寿命的缩短。(which).他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。(compliment).他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作，最终因为劳累病了。(down)【答案】Thereisnoneedforgirlstoshareacaratmidnighttosavemoney.Youngpeopleareunderalotofstressinthemodernsociety,whichwillresultin/cause/leadtotheshorteningofaveragelifeexpectance.HisspeechoneliminatinggenderprejudiceattheconferenceintheUnitedNationsreceivedgreatcompliments.Hehadbeendevotedtotheessaywritingbeforethedeadlineandeventuallywasdownwithtiredness.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用，同时也要注意名词单复数及非谓语动词。.本题的难点在于Thereisnoneedforsbtodo句型，注意拼车可以用shareacar来表示。.本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用，understress表示“承受压力”。.本题需要注意compliment是可数名词，此处要使用复数形式。.本题需要注意bedevotedto后需要接动名词或名词作宾语，bedownwith表示"由于..…病倒了”。.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..即使天气再热，也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay).一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate).直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It).他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了，这将使他们的出行更为便利。(occur,make)【答案】1．Don’tstayintheair-conditionedroomalldayevenifit’sextremelyhot.2．Onceapersonhaslearnedhowtothinkinotherpeople’sposition,itindicatesthatheisgettingmature.3．Itwasnotuntilheattendedthelecturethatherealizedhowlittleheknewaboutthefield.4．Itneveroccurredtothemthatthebridgewouldbeopentotraffic/thepublicbytheendoftheyear,whichwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout/anditwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout.【解析】.考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句，同时用evenif/eventhough引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故翻译为：Don'tstayintheair-conditionedroomalldayevenifit’sextremelyhot..考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，而且learnhowtothinkinotherpeople'sposition发生在indicate之前，要用现在完成时，indicate用一般现在时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Onceapersonhaslearnedhowtothinkinotherpeople’sposition,itindicatesthatheisgettingmature..考查notuntil的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用notuntil的强调句型，其基本结构为：Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其余部分，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：Itwasnotuntilheattendedthelecturethatherealizedhowlittleheknewaboutthefield..考查固定句式和非限定性定语从句。Itoccurstosb.that表示“某人突然想到……”，同时可以使用非限定性定语从句，用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语，故翻译为：Itneveroccurredtothemthatthebridgewouldbeopentotraffic/thepublicbytheendoftheyear,whichwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout/anditwillmakeiteasierforthemtogoout.。.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..你的思想越开明，就越不容易受他人观点的影响。(Themore...).到底是什么让你对考试结果抱有如此乐观的态度？(it).面对激烈的竞争和许多不确定因素，家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件很正常的事。(face).社会发展的速度飞快，如果你固执于陈旧的观念无法跟上时代的步伐，那么不久你就会被时代抛弃。(So)【答案】.Themoreopen-mindedyouare,thelesseasilyyou’llbeinfluencedbyothers’opinions..Whatisitthatmakesyouholdsuchapositiveattitudetowardstheresultoftheexamination?.Whenparentsarefacing/facedwithfiercecompetitionandplentyofuncertainties,itisnaturalforthemtofeelanxiousabouttheirchildren’sacademicperformance..Sofastisthesocietydevelopingthatifyousticktooutdatedconceptsandcan’tkeepupwiththepaceofthetimes,itwon’tbelongbeforeyouareabandoned/desertedbythetimes.【解析】【分析】本题考查汉译英，注意按括号内的要求翻译。.考查固定句式。"the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”，根据句意可知，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故翻译为：Themoreopen-mindedyouare,thelesseasilyyou’llbeinfluencedbyothers’opinions..考查强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：whatisitthat…?陈述的是客观情况，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：Whatisitthatmakesyouholdsuchapositiveattitudetowardstheresultoftheexamination?.考查face的用法和形式主语。face表示“面对”时是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，也可用短语befacedwith表示“面对”，根据句意可知本句用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Whenparentsarefacing/facedwithfiercecompetitionandplentyofuncertainties,itisnaturalforthemtofeelanxiousabouttheirchildren’sacademicperformance..考查so...that的倒装和条件状语从句。stickto表示“坚持、固执于”，keepupwith表示“赶上”，so...that结构中so连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要进行倒装，that后的结果状语从句不倒装，if引导的条件状语从句的复合句遵循“主将从现”原则，故翻译为：Sofastisthesocietydevelopingthatifyousticktooutdatedconceptsandcan’tkeepupwiththepaceofthetimes,itwon’tbelongbeforeyouareabandoned/desertedbythetimes.6.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninbrackets..只要你有耐心，你总能在夜市淘到一些便宜货。(pickup).让他宽慰的是，在房价飙升之前，他在同事的建议下买了一套公寓。(advice).这个品牌的手机各方面都比所有其他的手机好，只是价格实在太贵了。(superior).鉴于这个计划风险太大，虽然设计者的分析听上去很合理，政府最终没有采纳。(risky)【答案】1.Aslongasyouhavepatience,youcanalwayspickupsomebargainsinthenightmarket.2.Tohisgreatrelief,heboughtaflatonhiscolleague’sadvicebeforehousepricesrocketed.3.Thisbrandofmobilephoneissuperiortoalltheothersineveryrespect,exceptthatitspriceisreallytoohigh.4.Consideringthattheplanwastoorisky,thegovernmenteventuallydidn’tadoptitalthoughthedesigner’sanalysissoundedsensible.【解析】.考查状语从句和时态。此处含aslongas“只要”引导的条件状语从句的复合句；havepatience“忍耐一下”；固定词组：pickup"捡起，获得”；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为Aslongasyouhavepatience,youcanalwayspickupsomebargainsinthenightmarket..考查状语从句和时态。此处是含before"在…之前”引导的时间状语从句；分析句子结构：he是句子主语，谓语动词用一般过去时态bought，aflat是句子宾语；固定短语：Tohisgreatrelief"使他非常欣慰的是”；hiscolleague'sadvice“他同事的建议”；再根据所给汉语可知翻译为：Tohisgreatrelief,heboughtaflatonhiscolleague'sadvicebeforehousepricesrocketed..考查时态和固定短语。分析句子结构：Thisbrandofmobilephone是句子主语；issuperiorto“优于”是谓语部分；exceptthat除了…之外；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为：Thisbrandofmobilephoneissuperiortoalltheothersineveryrespect,exceptthatitspriceisreallytoohigh..考查状语从句和时态。此处是consideringthat"考虑到，就…而论”引导的原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；risky"冒险的〃，adopt"采纳〃；句子为一般过去时。再根据所给汉语故翻译为：Consideringthattheplanwastoorisky,thegovernmenteventuallydidn'tadoptitalthoughthedesigner'sanalysissoundedsensible.7.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.这家主题乐园受到消费者的质疑是因为它的某些规则存在“双标”的可能性。(likely)2.令当今年轻一代感到心力交瘁的不仅是繁重的工作和生活压力，还有突如其来的二胎。(exhaust).适度饮食、少熬夜、多养身能有效改善中年人日益下降的健康状况。(improve).高考过后，很多老师和家长煞费苦心指导学生该报考哪所大学，结果学生们依旧固执己见，一意孤行。(respond)【答案】.Thereasonwhythethemeparkhasbeenquestionedbyconsumersisthatthereislikelytobeapossibilityof"double-labeling"initssomerules..Notonlytheburdenofworkandlife,butalsothesuddensecondchildiswhatmakesthetoday'syoungergenerationfeelexhausted..Moderatediet,lessstayuplate,morephysicalfitnesscaneffectivelyimprovethemiddleageddeclininghealth..Afterthecollegeentranceexamination,manyteachersandparentstakegreatpainstoinstructstudentswhichuniversitiestoapplyfor,butthestudentsrespondthemwiththeirstubbornness.【解析】【分析】考查句子翻译。.考查固定短语和固定句式。固定句式thereasonwhy...isthat.，……的原因是……”固定短语belikelytodo“很可能”。结合句意可知主句为一般现在时，从句为现在完成时。故翻译为Thereasonwhythethemeparkhasbeenquestionedbyconsumersisthatthereislikelytobeapossibilityof"double-labeling"initssomerules.。.考查固定短语和主谓一致。固定短语notonly...butalso.，不仅……而且……”短语makesb.+形容词表示“让某人感觉……〃，此处修饰人表示“令人精疲力竭的〃应用-ed结尾形容词exhausted。结合句意应用一般现在时。主语为thesuddensecondchild，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故翻译为Notonlytheburdenofworkandlife,butalsothesuddensecondchildiswhatmakesthetoday'syoungergenerationfeelexhausted.。.考查固定短语。固定短语moderatediet“适度饮食〃；declininghealtX”日益下降的身体状况”。故翻译为Moderatediet,lessstayuplate,morephysicalfitnesscaneffectivelyimprovethemiddle-ageddeclininghealth.。.考查固定短语。固定短语thecollegeentranceexamination“高考"；takegreatpainstodosth.“煞费苦心做某事〃；applyfor岬请”respondsb.with“用……回应某人〃。结合句意描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语均为复数名词，谓语动词用原形。故翻译为Afterthecollegeentranceexamination,manyteachersandparentstakegreatpainstoinstructstudentswhichuniversitiestoapplyfor,butthestudentsrespondthemwiththeirstubbornness.。8.高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..值得一提的是，这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth).在新品发布前，老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand).面对着诸多不确定因零，家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face)4.要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)【答案】1.Itisworthmentioningthatthenewly-builtteachingbuildinghasbeenequippedwithadvancedaudio-visualequipment.2.Beforethenewproductislaunched,thebosshasdemandedthattheadvertisingagency(should)carryoutasurveytocollect/gatherinformationaboutpotentialclients.3.Whentheyarefacing/(facedwith)manyuncertainties,itisnatural/normalparentstofeelanxiousabouttheirchildren'sacademicperformance.4.Bearinmindthataslongaswereacheveryshort-termgoalstepbystep,wecanmakeonebreakthroughafteranotherinscientificresearch【解析】【分析】本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法，明确考核的要点，选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译，同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。.考查固定用法。"Sth.beworthdoingworth〃为固定用法，意为“某事值得做〃。“beequippedwith...〃为固定搭配，意为“配备有......〃。此句中的根据语境可知，因此可用it作形式主语，真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备〃。故本句可译为：Itisworthmentioningthatthenewly-builtteachingbuildinghasbeenequippedwithadvancedaudio-visualequipment..考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时，所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should也可省略。故本句可译为：Beforethenewproductislaunched,thebosshasdemandedthattheadvertisingagency(should)carryoutasurveytocollect/gatherinformationaboutpotentialclients..考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb.facesth."或用“sb.befacedwith...”。根据语境可知，此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为：Whentheyarefacing/(facedwith)manyuncertainties,itisnatural/normalparentstofeelanxiousabouttheirchildren'sacademicperformance..考查固定用法。"Bear...inmind〃为固定用法，意为“把……记住〃。根据语境可知，bear的宾语中含有一个状语从句，“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标〃可译为“aslongaswereacheveryshort-termgoalstepbystep〃，第二句中“取得突破〃要运用“makeonebreakthrough”。故本句可译为：Bearinmindthataslongaswereacheveryshort-termgoalstepbystep,wecanmakeonebreakthroughafteranotherinscientificresearch。9.高中英语翻译题：Translation1．这些保存完好的历史建筑让游客们流连忘返。(reluctant)2.教师对学生所产生的影响对于学生的未来发展来说可能意味着成与败的区别。(impact)3.中国政治和经济实力的提升如此之快，学中文的外国人越来越多。(So)4.好的爱情是你通过一个人看到整个世界，坏的爱情是你为了一个人舍弃了整个世界。(while)【答案】.Thewell-preservedhistoricalbuildingsmakethetouristsreluctanttoleave..Theimpactthattheteachershaveonfuturedevelopmentofstudentsmaymeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure..SofasthasChina'spoliticalandeconomicstrengthrisenthatanincreasingnumberforeignersbegintolearnChinese.4.Goodloveisthatyouseethewholeworldthroughoneperson,whilebadloveisthatyouabandontheworldforoneperson.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的提示词翻译。.考查“make+宾语+宾补〃结构。bereluctantto表示“不愿……〃，根据句意可知本句使用“make+宾语+宾补〃结构，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：Thewell-preservedhistoricalbuildingsmakethetouristsreluctanttoleave..考查定语从句。haveimpacton表示“对……有影响〃，differencebetweenAandB表示“A和B间的不同〃，根据句意可知本句使用定语从句，关系代词指代先行词impact并在从句中作have的宾语，陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时，故翻译为：Theimpactthattheteachershaveonfuturedevelopmentofstuden