水资源规划及利用课程设计

1流域概况苍南县位于浙江南部沿海，与福建省交界，属浙中、南山区与沿海丘陵、平原的交叉地区。地势西高东低，西部山区群山盘结，山涧峡谷陡峭；东部地势平坦辽阔，河网纵横交织，池塘星罗棋布。海域辽阔，海岸曲折，多港湾。沿浦河流域为苍南县东南部沿海一个独立入海水系，沿浦河发源于鹤顶山西麓，经十八孔水库下泄至马站溪下游与支流横路坑汇合，贯穿马站平原，经沿浦水闸排入大海。云遮水库坝址位于沿浦河十八孔水库上游，坝址以上集雨面积8.03km2，河长3.2km，河道坡降110‰。坝址以上流域属中、低山丘区，地势西北高东南低呈阶梯形递降，山峰高程大都在620m～990m，坡降大，溪流湍急。流域水系见图1。2水文气象流域地处东南沿海，气候温和湿润、光照充足、雨量充沛，属中亚热带海洋型季风气候，全年季节变化明显，以温和、湿润、多雨为主要气候特征。降水量年内分配不均。春末夏初（4月16日~7月15日）由于太平洋副热带高压逐渐加强，与北方南下冷空气交綏，静止锋徘徊，形成连绵阴雨天气，称梅汛期；夏秋季（7月16日~10月15日）受太平洋副热带高压控制，热带风暴或台风活动频繁，经常发生大暴雨，称台汛期；10月16日~翌年4月15日称非汛期，除出现少数雨雪天气外，基本以晴冷、干燥天气为主。根据资料统计，多年平均气温为18.1℃，多年平均日照时数1696h，平均无霜期达300d以上，多年平均降雨量1442.5mm，实测最大年降雨量为2527.3mm（1990年），最小年降雨量为770.9mm（1967年）。图1流域水系图3径流量根据降水径流计算得到的云遮水库坝址1962年～2009年共48年径流系列，经P-Ⅲ型曲线适线，变差系数Cv=0.43，偏态系数Cs=2.5Cv，适线成果见表1、图2。表1云遮水库设计年径流计算成果表计算断面云遮水库坝址集水面积(km2)8.03多年平均降雨量(mm)1442.5多年平均流量(m3/s)0.202多年平均径流深(mm)792.2多年平均径流总量(万m3)636.2Cv0.43Cs/Cv2.5代表年流量（m3/s）P=10%0.318P=50%0.186P=90%0.105表3云遮水库各月平均流量表单位：m3/s年12345678910111219620.1490.0500.1470.2730.7110.5450.4000.2950.4770.3880.0940.0430.30019630.0190.0090.0040.0050.0400.1630.4260.1270.8370.1710.0800.0350.16219640.0510.1140.0990.0440.1410.4650.0910.1380.2400.1070.0340.0150.12719650.0070.0030.0050.2710.3390.5810.1640.6630.1860.1030.0480.0280.20019660.0130.0830.1420.2620.1260.2500.0780.1410.4250.0970.0390.0270.14119670.0120.0470.1620.1940.0940.2560.0460.0200.0090.0040.0020.0030.07119680.0000.0370.0820.0860.1760.6620.2800.0900.1060.1350.0280.0130.14119690.0600.2180.2550.1520.2390.3740.1060.1160.3020.2100.0610.0280.17719700.0130.0060.1630.2610.2750.3750.1590.0980.6080.1530.0600.1020.19119710.0680.0330.0190.0380.0240.2200.1030.0530.6740.2140.0920.0510.13319720.0440.1760.0700.2050.2350.3310.2781.3520.2980.1420.0620.0280.26919730.0140.0460.0680.6340.6660.4370.3110.1270.1480.2990.0770.0300.23919740.0140.0110.0220.0140.1530.2420.1480.2470.0770.1330.1000.0300.10019750.0550.2760.2090.2150.4540.5090.1000.1460.0480.3250.0570.0250.20119760.0110.0180.0780.2360.1710.4780.2810.0580.0280.1050.0380.0140.12619770.0380.0250.0160.0830.1640.2580.1760.4540.1220.0660.0230.0210.12119780.0500.0590.2880.4280.3750.4380.1050.5050.2950.0740.0870.0240.22619790.0120.0510.3960.2790.2430.2370.0530.1530.1290.0320.0150.0070.13419800.0030.0370.2680.3280.3210.1440.0390.1060.1020.0420.0230.0140.11819810.0070.0040.2160.3350.4150.2330.1410.0930.4910.2330.0810.0350.19219820.0160.0160.1660.0970.1210.3930.1780.1900.0900.0330.3040.1690.14919830.1610.1490.3790.4800.2270.3590.2020.3650.2270.0730.0320.0150.22219840.0070.0040.0670.4340.2060.2480.0710.1460.3340.0590.0270.0120.13419850.0060.0430.2740.1380.1510.1570.0380.4070.5290.1280.0560.0260.16319860.0120.0080.2430.2480.2100.1160.0370.0170.0630.0490.0720.0150.09119870.0070.0080.1180.2980.1370.1340.0450.0390.3580.0680.1090.0750.11719880.0200.0560.3450.2690.3670.5580.1530.1340.4800.1250.0510.0240.21519890.2180.0880.1030.1670.7290.3130.3100.2960.2260.0710.0460.0610.22119900.1670.2840.2190.4580.3630.4630.1700.6542.2690.3850.1910.0820.47719910.0380.0180.2540.3110.1050.2600.1000.0560.3180.2200.0710.0440.15019920.1180.2520.4430.2820.1620.1730.5930.3191.2010.2590.1150.0530.321续表云遮水库各月平均流量表单位：m3/s年12345678910111219930.0240.0360.0780.1350.4130.3530.1160.0370.0290.0190.0500.0800.11519940.0180.1240.1620.1570.1750.5730.3190.9910.4660.2090.0770.1680.28719950.1060.1250.1710.1820.2780.7440.3480.1650.0560.2880.0530.0220.21119960.0100.0050.2260.2680.1000.2820.0710.4760.1690.0630.0780.0200.14819970.0180.0740.1790.2750.3710.3300.5840.7270.4910.1320.0620.0690.27419980.1150.4710.3950.1300.2490.9270.2250.0960.1310.0450.0340.0180.23419990.0180.0040.1910.2640.6060.3120.2280.7010.1270.0800.0290.0130.21620000.0060.0090.0630.1810.0630.7530.4080.4780.1740.1400.1600.0950.21020010.1250.1270.1990.2710.3250.3830.1040.2100.2280.3500.0710.0370.20320020.0750.0710.1110.1600.1990.4430.3140.5210.5740.1380.1040.0770.23420030.0740.1330.1040.2320.2530.1740.0480.2090.0710.0250.0200.0060.11220040.0030.0240.1610.1730.1820.0680.2400.2970.5000.1070.0590.1100.16120050.0520.2220.1120.0920.5170.6991.4890.4720.2650.2060.0600.0270.35320060.0160.0170.1250.1930.4841.0520.4940.9220.3980.1240.0940.1100.33720070.0680.0760.1160.1850.1150.5630.1061.2001.0401.0990.2680.1460.41820080.1070.2330.1550.4960.1780.4070.5560.3300.8230.4900.1790.0640.33520090.0290.0140.1630.2410.0940.4360.1860.7400.1720.1480.1050.0430.199最小值0.0000.0030.0040.0050.0240.0680.0370.0170.0090.0040.0020.0030.071最大值0.2180.4710.4430.6340.7291.0521.4891.3522.2691.0990.3040.1690.477平均值0.0470.0830.1670.2320.2650.3930.2340.3370.3630.1700.0770.0470.2024工程任务云遮水库工程是以供水为主，兼顾防洪及改善水环境等综合利用水利工程。云遮水库的工程任务主要为优化配置水资源，缓解近、远期马站镇工农业经济发展的用水之忧。保证马站小流域溪中下游左右岸的居民生活用水和工业用水保证率达到95％。5供需平衡和径流调节计算（1）库容曲线根据2012年实测的1/2000库区地形图进行量算，水库水位、面积及库容关系见表4。表4水库水位～面积～库容关系表高程（m）面积（m2）库容（m3）高程（m）面积（m2）库容（m3）6400901299391175628662119141391136597130888268558488429214259414484677083692270293148766159413672120994305794154886174595274160707113295161271190401976206651077719616864220689627833085161036971759532241247805073624423098182997242071082678513624039919207026082258487716517546