高二英语第二册Unit-2-News-Media(二)语法：过去分词作定语和表语-人教版

PAGE用心爱心专心高二英语第二册Unit2NewsMedia（二）语法：过去分词作定语和表语人教版【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：Unit2Newsmedia（二）：语法复习：过去分词做定语和表语二.知识总结与归纳：（一）语法要点说明：过去分词除了在句子的谓语部分中表达完成时和被动语态以外，作为非谓语动词还可以做名词的定语，在be动词后面做表语来描述人或物品的特性或状态。（二）过去分词或过去分词短语可以用来修饰名词做定语。过去分词表达的内容与被修饰的名词具有完成和被动关系。过去分词+名词；名词+过去分词短语1.ChenwroteabouttheeffortstobringstolenculturalrelicsbacktoChina.2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.3.adollgivenbymyaunt4.Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverwritten.（三）还有一些过去分词是表达人或物品的特性或状态，这些词与其说是过去分词，倒不如说是以ed结尾的形容词。1.Experiencededitorsandreportersmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhateventstoreportandhowtoreportthem.2.WeaskedtwoofChina’smanytalentedjournaliststotellusmoreaboutnewsandnewspapers.3.Iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs.4.TVprogrammesandprintedarticleshelppeopleinothercountrieslearnaboutChinaandtheChinesepeople.5.TheYellowRiver,saidtobe“themotherriver”runsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.6.thefallenleaves,spokenEnglish,writtenEnglish,7.Theretiredworkerstoldhimabouttheirfamilylifeandtheirproblem.（四）过去分词在be动词后面做表语，表示：“感觉……，主语往往是表示“人”的名词。例句：1.Heisinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.Weareveryworriedaboutoursituation.3.Heisdisappointedwithhimself.说明：在许多句子中，be+done不是表示被动意义，而是表示主语所处的状态。例句：1.Wecan’tentertheroom,forthedoorislocked.2.Wedon’tknowwherewearenow.Wearelost.3.Shehasbeenmarriedfortenyears.4.Theyaregoneforvacation.（五）阅读指导：本单元的阅读材料：BehindtheHeadlines的阅读目标是了解：1.新闻工作者的工作程序；通过文中提到的两位记者回答采访的问题进行了介绍。2.了解媒体除了报道事实以外的社会功能；注意文章的最后一段。在阅读时要注意。（1）采访的问题；（2）第一段的主题句：Newspaperandothermediadomorethansimplyrecordwhathappens.Experiencededitorsandreportersmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhateventstoreportandhowtoreportthem.Theyalsomakesurethatreaderscanrelatetothestories.最后一段的结论性的句子：Theresultisabetterunderstandingoftheworldonallsides,leadingtoafutureworldwherepeoplefromallcountriesarerespectedanddifferentviewsandopinionsaretolerated.【典型例题】一.句型转换：1.Thetelegramthatwassentbymysisterbroughtthenewsofmygrandma’sdeath.Thetelegramsentbymysisterbroughtthenewsofmygrandma’sdeath.2.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.3.Thethreeguns,whichhadbeenstolenfromthepolicestation,werefoundinthegarageThethreeguns,stolenfromthepolicestation,werefoundinthegarage4.Idon’tlikegoingtosupermarketsthatarelocatedinthecenterofthetown.Idon’tlikegoingtosupermarketslocatedinthecenterofthetown.二.翻译句子：1.被烧毁的圆明园该不该重建在媒体引起了激烈讨论。Whethertheburned-downYuanmingyuanshouldberebuilthasbeenmuchdiscussedinthemedia.2.我的叔叔本来打算退休以后回乡下居住，可是后来他改变了主意，他决定在城里开一家书店，为退休老人提供一个娱乐休闲的场所。Myunclehadplannedtoliveinthecountryafterhisretirement,buthechangedhismindthen.Hedecidedtoopenabookstoreinthecitytoofferaplacefortheretiredtohavefunandrest.3.他是个很有经验的人，总是受到年轻人的尊敬。Heisquiteexperiencedandisalwayslookeduptobytheyoung.4.TheteenagersdiscussingtheeventintheTVtalkshowwereallschoolchildren.在电视论坛节目中讨论这个事件的那些少年都是小学生。5.TheteenagersdiscussedintheTVtalkshowwereallschoolchildren.在电视论坛节目中讨论到的那些少年都是小学生。6.Doyouhappentoknowthehostpresentingtheprofessor?你认识正在介绍那位教授的主持人吗？三.单项选择：1.TheOlympicGames,_____in776BC,didn’tincludedwomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplaying B.tobefirstplayedInfact,LondonandParis,withtheirobviousnewsimilarities,arebeyondtheolddescriptions.AstheEuropeanUniongraduallyloosenedcontrols,LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.“Bothcitieshavechangedbeyondrecognition.”SaidLarryCollins,awriterandsometimesaLondoner.Likemostpeoplewhoknowbothwell,hefindsthetwonowfittogethercomfortably.“IfirstfellinlovewithParisinthe1950s,anditisstillawonderfulplace,”Collinssaid.“butifIhadtochoose,itwouldbeLondon.Thingsaresomuchmoreordered,andlifeisbetter.”Butcertainlynotcheaper.InfancypartsofLondon,rentscanbetwicethoseonAvenueFochinParis.DecidingbetweenLondonandParisrequiresalifestylechoice.LikeDaphneBenoit,aFrenchjournalismstudentwithperfectEnglish,manyyoungpeoplearehappytobecloseenoughsotheydon’thavetochoose.“IloveParis,mylittleneighborhood,thewayIcanwalkaroundacenter,butlifeissostructured,”shesaid.“InLondon,youcanbewhoyouwant.Noonecares.”1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.A.LondonerandParisians.B.AmodernTaleofTwoCities.C.TheSimilarityofTwocities.D.FancyLondonandFashionableParis.2.Wecaninferfromthetext____.A.ParisandLondonhasbecomeperfectpartners.B.LondonfeelsmorefulloflifeC.lifeinParisisstructuredD.ParisandLondonhavebecomefiercecompetitors.3.Theunderlinedword“flocked”probablymeans____.A.cameinlargenumbers.B.flewalongway.C.rushedhurriedly.D.drovelongdistance. 4.LivinginParis,youmayfind___.A.lifeisbetter.B.thingsarecheaper.C.moreattractivepeopleD.ajobeasily.5.Fromthepassagewecanknow___.A.thetwocitieshavedevelopedveryfast.B.LondonisbetterthaninParis.C.Parisisafavoriteplaceforalljournalismstudents.D.peopleinbothLondonandParisnowleadaregularlife.（B）PeoplecouldlandonMarsinthenext20—30yearsprovidedscientistscanfindwaterontheredplanet,theheadofNASA’ssurfaceexplorationmission（美国国家宇航局地表探测任务小组）saidonSeptember16.Twopartlysolar-powered“robotgeologists”（由太阳能驱动的“机器人地质学者”）–MarsExplorationRovers,orMERs—havebeenmovingacross3milesoftheplanetandintocrates（环型山）sinceJanuary,sendingbackdataaboutthemakeupofwhatscientistsbelieveisEarth’ssisterplanet.AskedhowlongitcouldbebeforeAstronautslandonMars,ArthurThompsonsaid,“Mybestguessis20to30years,ifthatbecomesourfirstly-consideredplan.”ThetwoMERrobots,namedSpiritandOpportunity,havefoundAncientevidencethatwaterwasonceenough.Itisimportantforscientistshopingtoknowiftherewasonce—orcouldstillbe—lifeonMars.Withoutwater,thedreamofsendingastronautstotheoftendustyplanet,whichhasrust-coloredrocksandwheretheskyisredandsunsetsareblue,couldn’tberealized.“Ifwecannotfindwater,itreallymakesitdifficulttosendhumans.Wateristhekey.”SaidThompson.ThompsonsaidscientistshadfoundacanyononMars“thatmakestheGrandCanyonlooklikeasmallcanyon,”wherewatercouldstillbepresent.“Itshowsthatthereisactuallywaterthatseeps（渗漏）outofthesideofthecanyon,andgoingdownthesideitevaporates（蒸发）.Webelieveit’sanongoingprogress,”hesaid.1.Theunderlinedword“provided”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby____.A.unless B.if C.though D.evenif2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____.A.thetworobotsgettheirenergyonlyfromthesun.B.thetworobotshaven’tfoundanyevidenceofwateronMarstillnow.C.tworobotshaven’tsentanyinformationaboutMarssofar.D.thetworobotsweresenttoMarsinJanuary.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutMarsisNOTtrue?A.Theskythereisred. B.Ithascraters.C.RocksonMarsarerust-colored D.ItisverycoldonMars.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.WecanseeredskyandbluesunsetsonMars.B.ThecanyonfoundonMarsislargerthantheGrandCanyon.C.WehavealreadyfoundlotsofwateronMars.D.Withoutwater,sendingpeopletoMarsisverydifficult.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Earth’ssisterplanet. B.PeopleonMarspossiblein20to30years.C.LifeonMars. D.SpiritandOpportunity三.书面表达：假设你叫张颖，在伦敦学习已经两个月了，写信给你在国内的朋友李倩，介绍你在伦敦生活的一些情况：1.伦敦作为英国的首都，是一个大城市，在泰晤士河畔。人口约七百万。2.伦敦是一个繁忙的都市，人们非常友好乐于助人，但总是来去匆匆。3.给你印象最深的是你在国内从未坐过的地铁。4.城里有许多著名景观，你只游览了伦敦博物馆和著名的海德公园。时间：2005年8月13日【试题答案】一.单项选择：1.B 分析：pin：别在，栓在……上面，与message是被动关系。2.D 分析：__lastyear此处做非限定定语，与Thecomputercenter是被动关系。3.D 分析：教科书已经被编写出来。此处应是过去分词作定语。 4.C 分析：门仍然锁着。表示门的状态，用过去分词做表语。二.阅读理解：（A）1.B 文章用大量的篇幅对伦敦和巴黎进行对比。对照十九世纪狄更斯的小说“双城记”所以本文可以说是：“现代的双城记”2.A 通过被采访者的言谈中以及第三段Inthe19thcentury,CharlesDickenscomparedthetwogreatrivalcities,LondonandParis,in“ATaleofTwoCities.”Thesedays,itmightbeATaleofOneCity.可以判断出两个城市的关系。3.A 根据LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.可以得知大量的伦敦人涌向巴黎去购物。B项：不需要坐飞机，应排除。根据第一段perhaps250,000FrenchmenmovedacrosstheChannel.Withanunderseatunnel,theycouldtravelbetweencitiesinthreehours.可以排除D项。C项不合题义。4.B 根据第十段LondonersflockedintoParistoshop,eatandbuyproperty.和倒数第六段“butifIhadtochoose,itwouldbeLondon.Thingsaresomuchmoreordered,andlifeisbetter.”Butcertainlynotcheaper.可以得知在巴黎物价更低一些。5.A 从人们从生活方式等角度对两个城市的选择可以看出两个城市发展都很快。（B）1.B词义推测。“如果”能在火星上找到水，人类就有可能在未来二，三十年内登陆火星。下文：Withoutwater,thedreamofsendingastronautstotheoftendustyplanet,whichhasrust-coloredrocksandwheretheskyisredandsunsetsareblue,couldn’tberealized.（第三段）以及Ifwecannotfindwater,itreallymakesitdifficulttosendhumans.Wateristhekey都有提示。2.D细节理解。根据第二段：Twopartlysolar-powered“robotgeologists”（由太阳能驱动的“机器人地质学者”）–MarsExplorationRovers,orMERs—havebeenmovingacross3milesoftheplanetandintocrate