上海市长宁区2019届高三英语一模

上海市长宁区2019届高三英语一模长宁区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atthedressshop.B.Atthebutcher’s.C.Atthehairdresser’s.D.Atthegrocerystore.2.A.Playtheviolin.B.Stayathome.C.Writeacomposition.D.Attendtheconcert.3.A.$4.B.$31.C.$40.D.$69.4.A.Someonewitnessingacrime.B.AHewon'twaitforhisfriendattheentrance.9.A.Ithasbeengivenanewcolour.B.Helenhashaditcheckedrecently.C.Ithasbeentradedforanewone.D.Helenhasjustrenteditfromagarage.10.A.Tomhadbeenpreparingthepartyforlong.B.TomstoodoutinthejobinterviewinLondon.C.Tomshouldhavestayedathomefortheexam.D.Tomeventuallymanagedtoshowupattheparty.Question11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11.A.OriginoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary.B.ProcessofEnglishdictionarypublication.C.IntroductionofEnglishdictionaries.D.HistoryofWebsterDictionaryofEnglish12.A.Itsreliablesources.B.Itsvariousmeanings.C.Itswayofinvention.D.Itsfrequencyofuse.13.A.ToemphasizethefunctionofadictionaryB.ToIntroducethemeaningofthephrase.C.ToillustratethedevelopmentoflanguageD.Torecordtheinventionofnewwords.Question14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14.A.Bypicturingandaddingmaps.B.Bydrawingandmeasuringpoints.C.Bystoringanddevelopingimages.D.Bycomparingandmatchingfaceprints.15.A.BanksuseittoofferafastentryB.ItcanonlybeusedwithpermissionC.CompaniesuseitforsecurityD.Itcanbeusedtomeetcustomer'sneeds.16.A.FlexibleB.NeutralC.PositiveD.CriticalQuestion17through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage17.A.ItisnotimaginativeB.ItisnotpracticalC.ItisnottimesavingD.Itisnotlovesending.18.A.BygivingittosomeoneelseB.Byrefusingtoacceptit.C.BytradingitforagiftcardD.Byleavingitaside.19.A.Thewomanhasbeenconvinced.B.Themanisdirectandgrateful.C.ThemantrulylovessnowglobesD.Thewomanpicksgiftatrandom.20.A.PracticalsuggestionongiftgivingB.Differentopinionsongiftgiving.C.Easywaysofbuyingthoughtfulgifts.D.Happymomentsofgettinggifts.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirection:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.PlantingPatriotismYoungboysarenoteasilyshocked,but12-year-oldPrestonSharpsureknowsthefeeling.“Yeah,Iwassurprisedandevendisappointed,”Prestonsaid,Preston’smom,AprilSharpsaid,“Itisthefirsttime（21）（see） himlikethisangryandpassionate.”Whatupsethersonsomuchwasvisitinghisgrandpa’sgraveinRedding,California,andrealizingthatnoteveryveteran(老兵)inthecemeteryhasaflag.SoApriltoldhim“son,(22)youaregoingtocomplainaboutsomething,youhavetodosomethingaboutitorletitgo”NextthingAprilknew，Prestonwastakingonoddjobsandaskingfordonations（23）_______________(buy)flagsandflowersforeveryveteraninhisgrandpa’scemetery，Andwhenthatcemetery(24)________(cover),hemovedontoanother，andthenanother.Hereweare，nearlythreeyearsandabout65,000graveslater.Hedoesiteveryweek(25)____________theweatherislike，rainorshineespeciallyrain，”Theywereoutthereintheraindoingtheirjob,(26)______________(protect)us，”Prestonsaid，Hisdevotionisinfections.Whenwordgetsout(27)__________PrestonwillbeatacemeteryhehasaFacebookpage，PrestonSharp/VetflagsandFlowerspeople，likeVietnamveteranFredLoveland，feel(28)________________(oblige)tojoinin，”It’samazing，”Lovelandsaid.”Whathe’sdoingbrings(29)_____________outbecausewecan’tbelieveayoungmaninthiscountryisdoingwhathedoes，”Itisamovementofyoungandold，ofthosewhoservedandthosewhoaresogratefulforwhattheydid，allledbyaproudgrandson(30)______________sawaninjusticeanddecidedtodosomethingaboutit.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox,Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.astonishingB.borderedC.blackoutsD.consequencesE.constantF.estimatedG.explodedH.fascinatedL.processJ.stretchedK.upsettingAurora(极光):wondersordisturbancesCanada，February2017:Istoodinthesnowonafrozenlake，watchingastheskytwistedinfrontofme.Greenbandsoflight___31___outinthedarkness.Slowlythecolourstwistedandbrokeandreappearedelsewhereuntil，suddenly，awholebandflowedandpulsedacrossthesky,____32___withdelicateyellow.pinksandpurples.Itwasasdramaticasthunderstorm，yetcalm.Gentle,yet____33___,Mostofall,itwasagift.ThiswasmyfifthauroratripandthefirsttimeIhadseenfastmovementsandbrightcolours.Thecalmgreenauroraldisplaysthatmanypeopleseearedrivenbya(n)_____34_____streamofparticles(微)fromcalledthesolarwind.Butwhenthesunthrowsusextrahotfastparticles，thisprocessgoesoverdrive-wegetmuchmoremovementandcolour，Itisglorious!Aurora-spotterslongforitButforsome，thewildmovementsoftheheavenscanhaveserious____35___Satellites'electronicsareaffectedordamagedbyincomingfastparticlies,___36___industriesthatrelyonthem.Flightsmayneedtochangecoursetoavoidradio___37__aroundthepoles，ortoprotectaircrewfromenhancedradiationexposure.Duringasolarstorm，aircrewmayreceivetheirannualradiationlimitoverasingleflight.Stormyspaceweatheraffectsusontheground，too.Alargerstormin1989causeda10-hourelectricalblackoutoverCanada'sQuebecProvince,costingtheeconomya(n)____38_____C$10billion.DisturbanceoftheatmospherecausesproblemswithradiobroadcastandGPS.InSeptember2017,ahugesolarfame______39_____justasHurricanelranhittheCaribbean.TheresultantHFradioblackouthelduptheemergencyresponse，Meanwhile，beautifulauroradisplayswereseeninEngland.Placeitsbeautyaside，then,andtheauroral___40___isnothingotherthanagiantplanetarydisturbance，moreofaworrythanawonderforsomepeople.YetseldomdosuchdisturbanceshavesuchfascinatingsideeffectsasthatoftheauroradancingacrossourArcticskies.Ill.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandDFillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Marmosetmonkeysexistonabranchoftheevolutionarytreethatisdistinctfromtheonethatledtomans.Buttheyconstantlyastonishresearcherswith__41___behaviorthatseemsprettyhighlyevolved.Theirsocialorganizationand__42___practicescouldhavebeenthemodelforthephrase“Ittakesavillage.”Adominantmaleandfemalebreed,andtheirbabiesarecarefullylookedafterbyextendedfamilymemberswhothenaren'tfreetobreedthemselves.Anewstudyfurther__43___themarmoset’sreputationforadmirablecommunityvalues.Researchersreportthatthesecaregiverssharetheirfoodmoregenerouslywithlittleones__44___thanwhenthey’resurroundedbythewatchfuleyesofothercommunitymembers.Incomplexsocietieswhereindividualsbandtogetherfor_45__protection,researchershavecomeupwithafewwidelyacceptedexplanationsforselflessbehavior.Butspecificacts,likesharingadeliciouscricket（蟋蟀)withabeggingbabymarmoset,seemtoneedmore_46__explanationOnepossibilityisthatanindividualpractices_47__asameansofenhancinghisstatusamongpeers.By_48__thatheissowellgiftedwithmaterialgoodsthathecangivesomeaway,thisdo-gooderenhanceshispowerwithinthegroup.That,inturn,may_49__prospectivemates.Theotherexplanationforcharitablebehavior_50_thatkindnessesextendedtoothersaresimplythefeesofgroupmembership,whichofferssomefuturepromiseofachancetomate.Failuretosharewouldresultinexclusionfromthegroupandalossof_51__partners.Scientistscallthisthe“paytostay”model.Importantly,forbothofthesemodelstowork,actsofkindnessmusthavea(n)_52__.Thatsuggestsyouwouldseemoresharingingroupsettings;awayfromjudgingeyes,acaregivermightbemorelikelytokeepfoodforhimselforherself.Andyet,in2,581testsconductedwith31adultand14babymarmosets,the_53__appearedtobetrueAnthropologists(人类学家)fromtheUniversityofZurichcarefullydocumentedhowoften,ingroupsandinconditionsthatfoundcaregiverandbabyseparatedfromthecrowd,anadultwouldsharehisorhercricket.Whenalonewithababybeggingforataste,adultmarmosetssharedtheircricket85%ofthetime.Wheninagroup,caregiversoffereduptheircricket67%ofthetime.”Ourresultsshowthathelpingincommonmarmosetsisnotdrivenbyreputationmanagementor_54__avoidance,“thestudyauthorsreportedRather,itisdrivenbyadeep-downmotivationtohelpthatismore_55__expressedwhenindividualsarealonewithyoung.”41.A.animalB.carefulC.socialD.individual42.A.evolvingBcommunicatingCorganizingD.parenting43.AshinesBdamagesC.affectsDprotests44.A.atplayBinprivateC.onscheduleDbyaccident45.A.adequateBeffectiveC.continualD.mutual46.A.creativeBcomplexCspecificD.official47.A.generosityBwisdomCindependenceDgovernance48.A.promisingBdemonstratingC.pretendingD.explaining49.A.countonB.goafterC.appealtoD.benefitfrom50.A.assumesB.confirmsC.enhancesD.concludes51.A.regular B.dominant C.potential D.previous52.A.atmosphere B.audience C.feedback D.judge53.A.statistics B.expectation C.argument D.opposite54.A.responsibility B.punishment C.arrangement D.difficulty55.A.strongly B.causally C.delicately D.fearlesslySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheInformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whattoendurebeforepublication?Ittakesalottowriteanovel.Eventhosewhohaven’ttriedwouldsay,“Well,duh!”tothis.Butit’snotmuchthemindspaceortheconsiderabletimeittakestowriteanovelthatisasdiscouragingashowmanytimesanywritermustgobacktothedrawingboardforyetanotherdraft.Toreallyreadyanovelforpublication,awritermustspendtimewithhisorherbook.Likeanypromisingrelationship,you,thewriter,mustdateyournovel,takeitouttodinner,meetitsparents,andseeitthroughitsmosttryinganddesperatetimes.Asawriter,youhavetostayupallnightwithyournovelcryingandtalkingandsometimesevenpullingyourhairoutbeforethatperfectmomentofinspirationcantrulyhelpyoucrossthefinishline.FormanypublishedauthorsIknow,myselfincluded,acompletednoveltakesthemabout10,that’sright,10drafts,andatleastayearofrealediting.Willyoubespendingeverysinglesecondeditingyournovel?No,ofcoursenot.Justasdraftsneedsomerealtimeonthesurgerytable,theyalsoneedrestintherecoveryroom.Youdon’tnursearelationshipbyspendingeverywakingsecondwiththemuntilyoucan’tstandthesightofeachother,andyoucan’tproduceanovelbybreathingdownitsliteraryneck.However,anovelshouldundergomanydraftsanddifferentkindsofdrafts—beforedeclaringitreadyforanagentoreditortosee.Everyonehastheirownwaytowriteanovel,andnotallcraftadvice(orevencraft“rules”)shouldallbefollowedbyeveryone,butwhenitcomestothemanydraftsofanovel,therearespecificthingsawritershouldfocusonduringeachrevisiontohelpcreateasmoothtransitionfromtheinitialideatofinalproducts.56.Peoplearediscouragedfromwritinganovelmainlybecauseitrequires_____.A.agoodpublisher B.toomuchthinkingC.tonsofworkingtime D.frequentrevisions57.Whatdowritersdointhecourseofcreatinganovel?A.Theyspendeveryminutewiththenovel. B.Theytreatthenovelasalover.C.Theygooutwithsomereadersfordinner. D.Theyhurtthemselvestostayawake.58.By“breathingdownitsliteraryneck”inParagraph2,theauthormostprobablymeans_____.A.writingcasuallythusfailingtotakereaders’breathawayB.lettinggoasinglemistakethusannoyingthereadersC.X-rayingtheworkthusfindingeachliterarymistakeD.stickingtooclosetotheworkthuscausinganxiety59.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytocomeafterthelastparagraph?A.Theimportanceofusingpropertransitionalwordsinwriting.B.Thewritingexperiencesharedbyfamoussuccessfulwrite.C.Tipsonhowtomaketendraftstocompleteagoodnovel.D.Setbackswritersmaysufferifignoringthecraftadvice.（B）TopSixMostChallengedBooksin2017OfficeforIntellectualFreedom(OIF)intheStatestracked354challenges(formalattemptstoremoveorrestrictaccesstolibrarymaterialsandservices)tolibrary,school,anduniversitymaterialsandservicesin2017.Someindividualchallengesresultedinrequeststorestrictorremovemultipletitles.Overall,416booksweretargeted.Herearethe"TopSixMostChallengedBooksin2017”.1ThirteenReasonsWhyByJayAsherOriginallypublishedin2007.thisNewYorkTimesbestsellerhasresurfacedasadebatablebookafterNetflixairedaTVseriesbythesamename.Thisyoungadultnovelwaschallengedandbannedinmultipleschooldistricts,foritdiscussesself-killing.3GEORGEByAlexGinoWrittenforelementary-agechildren,thisLambdaLiteraryAwardwinnerwaschallengedandbannedbecauseitincludesatransgenderchild.2DramaWrittenandillustratedbyRainaTelgemeierThisStonewallHonorAward-winning,2012graphicnovelfromamuch-admiredcartoonistwaschallengedandbannedinschoollibrariesbecauseitincludesconfusedsexualorientationcharactersandwasconsidered"confusing.”5ToKillaMockingbirdByHarperLeeThisPulitzerPrize-winningnovel,consideredanAmericaclassical,waschallengedandbannedbecauseofviolenceanditsuseoftheN-wordtoinsultblackpeople.3TheKiteRunnerByKhaledHosseiniThismultigenerationalnovelpraisedbymanycriticswaschallengedandbannedbecauseitincludessexualviolenceandwasthoughtto"leadto'terrorism"and"promoteIsIam.”6TheHateUGiveByAngieThomasDespitewinningmultipleawardsandbeingthemostsearched-forbookonGoodreadsduringitsdebut(首秀)year,thisyoungadultnovelwaschallengedandbannedinschoollibrariesandcurricularbecauseofdruguseandoffensivelanguage.60.Thesesixmostchallengedbooksareall________A.prizewinnersorwellreceivedbythepublicB.writtenforcuriousyoungadultsinschoolsC.bannedandchallengedinnationwidelibrariesD.involvedwithviolenceandaggressivelanguage61.Whichofthefollowingwouldberemovedfromschoollibrariestoavoidmisleadingkidsintoracialism?A.TheHateUGiveB.ToKillaMockingbirdC.TheKiteRunnerD.ThirteenReasonsWay62.ItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatintheStates_______A.OIFisresponsibleforthechallengesreportedfromlocalschoolsanduniversitiesB.thegovernmentischallengedbyintellectualfreedominpublicmaterialsandservicesC.issueslikementalillness,druguseandsexeducationreallyconcernthegovernmentD.bestsellersandprizewinnersareoftenquestionedandrejectedbythepublic（C)Theterm‘darktourism’isfarnewerthanthepractice,whichlongpredatesPompeii'semergenceasadarkattraction.DrPhilipStone,perhapstheworld'sleadingacademicexpertondarktourism,considerstheRomanColosseumtobeoneoffirstdarktouristsites,wherepeopletravelledlongdistancestowatchdeathassport.Later,untilthelate18"century,theappealwascruelerstillincentralLondon,wherepeoplepaidmoneytositingrandstandstowatchmasshangings.Dealerswouldsellpiesatthesite,whichwasroughlywhereMarbleArchstandstoday.Itwasonlyin1996that‘darktourism'enteredthescholarlyvocabularywhentwoacademicsinGlasgowapplieditwhilelookingatsitesassociatedwiththemurderofJohnF.Kennedy.Thosewhostudydarktourismidentifyplentyofreasonsforthegrowingphenomenon,includingraisedawarenessofitasanidentifiablething.Accesstositeshasalsoimprovedwiththearrivalofcheapairtravel.It'shardtoimaginethattheAuschwitz-BirkenaumemorialandmuseumwouldnowwelcomemarethantwomillionvisitorsayearwereitnotforitsnearnesstoKrakow'sinternationalairport.PeterHohenhaus,awidelytravelleddarktouristbasedinVienna,alsopointstothebroaderriseinoff-the-beatentracktourism,beyondtheterritoryofpopularguidebooksandTripAdvisorrankings.‘Alotofpeopledon'twantmainstreamtourismandthatoftenmeansengagingwithplacesthathaveamorerecenthistorythan,say,aRomanruin."hesays."YougotoSarajevoandmostpeoplerememberthewarbeinginthenewssoiffeelsclosertoone’sowebiography(传记)”Hohenhausisalsoafanof‘beautyindecay’,thecontemporaryculturalmovementinwhichurbanruinshavebecomesubjectmatterforexpensivecoffee-tablebooksandathousandlnstagram(照片墙）accounts.Thecrossoverwithdeathisclear.“Ihavealwaysbeendrawntoruinedthings,"the54-year-oldsays.Butwhile,likeanytourism,darktourismatitsbestiseducational,theexampleofGrenfellTower(aLondontowerblock,destroyedbyafirein2017with7ldeaths)hintsattheuneasefeltatsomesites.“IremembertheLonelyPlanetBluelistbookhadachapteraboutdarktourismawhileagoandoneoftheruleswas'don'tgobacktooearly'."Hohenhaussays.“I'llbeinterestedtoseeGrenfellTowerupclose.Icanseetheattraction.ButIwouldnotstandinthestreettakingaselfie（自拍）merrily.”63.'Darktourism'canbedefinedastourisminvolvingtraveltoplaces____________A.hardlyhavingaccesstoinancienttimesB.withahistoryevenbeforehumancivilizationC.historicallyrelatedtodeathandtragedyD.inEuropefamousforcruelbutexcitingsports64.Darktourismcameintosightwhen_________.A.scholarsfinallyrevealedsecretsaboutsomehistoricaleventsB.peoplewerenomoresatisfiedwithordinarytouristdestinationsC.roadtransportationwasabletotakepeoplearoundtheworldD.researchersrealizedthesignificanceofsustainabletourism65.WhatisimpliedinHohenhaus'wordsinthelastparagraph?A.Peoplefailtogetlessonsfromdisasterscausingterribleloss.B.Themediaarepublicizingthemoderncityruinsimproperly.C.Visitorsarefreetotakeselfieswiththe‘beautyofdecay’.D.Sometouristsshowalackofrespectfordarktouristsites.66.Whichofthefollowingbestservesasthetitleofthispassage?A.MoralitymirroredintourismB.TourismboomedwithtragediesC.RankingofdarktourismsitesD.ProperattitudestodarktourismSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Inotherwords,becausewepaidoffandclosedalineofcredit,ourscorestookahit.A.Inotherwords,becausewepaidoffandclosedalineofcredit,ourscorestookahit.B.Itisalwaysmoreimportanttoknowhowmuchyouareabletoearnthantoborrow.C.Allittellsyouiswhetheryouaregoodatborrowingmoneyandpayingitback.D.Believeitornot,thesestandardsallowyoutobepunishedforbecomingdebt-free!E.ThesearethereasonswhyIhavestoppedworryingaboutmycreditscore.F.Whileallofthatistrue,itdoesn'ttellthewholestory.

WhyIstoppedworryingaboutmycreditscore?Ifyoubelievedeverythingyoureadaboutyourcreditscore,you'dthinkitwasthemostimportantcomponentofyourfinancialhealth.Withoutagoodcreditscoreandhistory,theexpertssay,it'smoredifficultqualifyforamortgage(按揭)oracarloan-andmoreexpensiveifyou'reapprovedforaloan,too,becauseyouwon'tgetthebestinterestrates.Inmanystates,badcreditcanevenraiseyourinsurancepayments,costyouarentalapartment,ormakeithardertogethired.___67_____Firstoff,thereareseveralcreditscoresoutthere.Whileit'simportanttocultivateyourcreditscoresbyusingcreditresponsibly,yourFICOcreditscoremaynotbethesameaswhatVantageScorereports,andlendersmayuseadifferentoneentirely,sofocusingononescorecanbeafruitlessexercise.MoreimportantasfinancialreporterDaveRamseynotesonhisblog,yourcreditscoreisnotameasureofyouroverallfinancialhealth.Hewrites:"____68___"

FICO,themostpopularcredit-scoringagency,usersseveralweightedfactorstodetermineyourcreditscore,includingpaymenthistory(35percent),amountsowed(30percent),lengthofcredithistory(15percent),newcredit(10percent),andcreditmix(10percent).69MyhusbandandIenjoyedsteadycreditscoresabove820forawhile.Butwhenwepaidoffoneofourrentalpropertiesin2017,webothsawourcreditscoresfallby20ormorepoints.Thesuddendroptookplacebecausewecompleteda15-yearloanandreducedtheaveragelengthofourcredithistorytremendously.70That’sblackmail.Iwouldratherbedebt-freethanhaveaperfectcreditscore. Yourcreditscoreiscertainlyimportantwhenyou’restartingoutandlikelytoborrowmoneyforadownpayment(首付)onahomeorsomeotherbigpurchase.Butonceyou’refairlyestablishedfinancially,it’smucheasiertoseeitforwhatitreallyis:ameasureofhowwellyouborrowmoney.Ⅳ.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Takecareofyourspine(脊柱) Thespinestandsatthecenterofyourhealth,providingyourbodywithstructureandsupport.Italsocontainsyourspinalcord,amassivecollectionofnervesconveyingelectricsignalsfromtherestofyourbodytoyourbrain.Sinceyourspineissocentraltoyourhealth,it’simportanttolookafterit. Maintaininggoodposture(姿势)isoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepyourspinehealthy.Properposturemeansstandingorsittingwhilekeepingyourspinestraight,exceptforitsnaturalcurves.Posturecomesintoplayevenwhenyou’reasleep.Sleepingonyoursideputslessstressonyourspinethanmostotherpositions.Stayingstillfortoolong—evenifyourpostureisgood—canbehardonyourback.Especiallyifyouworkatadeskmostoftheday,it’simportanttogetupandstretchperiodically. Exerciseisalsoanimportantfactorinthehealthofyourspine.Stretchcanhelpthemusclesaroundyourspinerelaxandallowbonestoshiftintobetterarrangement.Strengthexerciseslikepushupscanalsohelpbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundyour