绵阳暑期培训学校培训材料：书面表达2

灵活运用高级表达方式提高高考英语书面表达得分近年来，高考英语书面表达评分标准规定。考生必须使用比较高级的表达方式方能获取高分，而不少考生只会用结构简单的句子来表达文意，写出来的文章得分就低。因此，同学们应在平时的书面表达训练中多练习使用高级表达方式，才能在高考英语书面表达中获得高分。一、什么是高级表达方式一般说来，如果一篇书面表达通篇都是单一的主谓宾结构的简单句，表达效果就比较差。各种复合句、特殊句式(倒装句、强调句、感叹句、suchas列举句型等)和带过渡性插入语的句子通常难度大、语境逻辑强、表达效果好，是普遍认可的高级表达方式，也是高考英语书面表达是否能获取高分的重要依据同学们在写英语书面表达时应根据表达需要有选择地使用这些高级表达方式。二、掌握简单表达方式转化高级表达方式的方法简单表达方式可以转化成高级表达方式，而且转换难度也不是很大，因为高级表达方式也是在简单表达方式的基础上构成的。下面介绍几种将简单表达方式转化为高级表达方式的方法。1．将两个简单句合并为一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句。which在非限制性定语从句中代表主句内容，从句可由两个简单句之一改造而成。例1：最近许多中学生乱花钱，关于这一点不同的人有不同的看法。简单句：Recentlymanymiddleschoolstudentsspendtheirmoneyonunnecessarythings.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.高级表达方式：例2：许多男孩学抽烟，这对身体有危害。简单句：Manyboyslearntosmoke.Itdoesharmtotheirhealth.高级表达方式：2．在表达观点的陈述句前加过渡性插入语。一些表达观点的陈述句前加上inmyopinion,frommypointofview,personallyspeaking,asfarasIknow,asfarasI'mconcerned,asweallknow,asisknowntoall等插入语之后往往使句式更丰满，逻辑更严密，说理更充分，从而增强了文章的表达效果。例1：简单句：WeshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeinsurfingtheInternet.我们不应该花太多时间上网。高级表达方式：Inmyopinion,weshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeinsurfingtheInternet.我认为我们不应该花太多时间上网。例2：简单句：Takingexercisedoesgoodtoourhealth.锻炼对健康有好处。高级表达方式：Asweallknow／Asisknowntoall,takingexercisedoesgoodtoourhealth.众所周知，锻炼对健康有好处。例3：简单句：Maryisanhonestandkindgirl.玛丽是一个诚实善良的女孩。高级表达方式：AsfarasIknow,Maryisanhonestandkindgirl.就我所知，玛丽是一个诚实善良的女孩。3．在两个简单句之间加上过渡性词汇。为使两个简单句之间逻辑更严密，过渡更自然，可在其间加上过渡性词汇。例1：雨下得很大，我们只好呆在旅馆里。简单句：Itrainedheavily.Wehadtostayatthehotel.高级表达方式：Itrainedheavily;asaresult,wehadtostayatthehotel.例2：我买了一些时装，又去看了一个精彩的演出。简单句：Iboughtsomefashionableclothes.Iwenttoseeawonderfulperformance.高级表达方式：Iboughtsomefashionableclothes;,Iwenttoseeawonderfulperformance.例3：我在火车站迷了路，天也渐渐地暗了。简单句：Iwaslostatthestation.Itwasgettingdark.高级表达方式：Iwaslostatthestation;，itwasgettingdark.4．将两个简单句合并为并列句。两个简单句分别表达会令句子读起来缺乏连贯性和逻辑性，而加上并列连词改造成并列句后逻辑严密得多，句式也高级得多。例1：这道题太难了，我解不出来。简单句：Thisproblemistoodifficult.Ican’tworkitout.高级表达方式：例2：我想买这辆自行车，却没有足够的钱。简单句：Iwanttobuythisbike.Idon’thaveenoughmoney.高级表达方式：Iwanttobuythisbike,butIdon'thaveenoughmoney.5．将两个简单句合并为复合句。两个简单句加上从属连词可合并成主从复合句，这是增强语境逻辑、提升表达档次的好方法。例1：我没有带钱。没能看成那场电影。简单句：Ididn’ttakeanymoney.Icouldn’tseethatfilm.高级表达方式：BecauseIdidn’ttakeanymoney,Icouldn’tseethefilm.例2：你不早点出发就不能及时到达。简单句：Youdon’tstartearly.Youcan’tgetthereintime.高级表达方式：Ifyoudon’tstartearly,youcan’tgetthereintime.6．将陈述句改为感叹句。陈述句结构平凡、语调平缓，而转换为感叹句后句式变新颖，语气变强烈，表达档次明显得到提升。例1：陈述句：Topreventthepollutionisveryimportant．防止污染很重要。高级表达方式：防止污染多重要啊!例2：陈述句：Sheisaclevergirl．她是一个聪明的女孩。高级表达方式：她是一个多么聪明的女孩啊!7．将陈述句改为倒装句。陈述句改成倒装句后结构新颖、情感浓烈，表达效果明显增强。例1：直到太阳落山我们才离开那个村庄。陈述句：Wedidn’tleavethevillageuntilthesunset.高级表达方式：例2：那时我几乎不懂英语的重要性。陈述句：IcouldhardlyunderstandtheimportanceofEnglishatthattime.高级表达方式：8．将简单句改为强调句。简单句改为强调句后语气更强烈、感情更充沛，是不可多得的高级表达方式。例l：抽烟对他的身体造成了伤害。简单句：Smokingdidgreatharmtohishealth.高级表达方式：例2：我们的钱是父母辛苦挣来的。简单句：Ourmoneyisearnedthroughhardworkbyourparents.高级表达方式：9．将一般性列举句子改为suchas列举句型。一般性列举句子只起到罗列事实的作用，而suchas列举句型除具有列举功能之外，其对称的结构也能增强表达效果。例1：晚会上将有唱歌、跳舞、做游戏等节目。一般性列举句子：Thepartywillincludesinging,dancingandplayinggames.高级表达方式：Therewillbeafewprogramsattheparty,suchassinging,dancingandplayinggames.例2：我们将参观长城、颐和园、紫禁城等名胜古迹。一般性列举句子：TheplacesofinterestwewillvisitaretheGreatWall,theSummerPalaceandtheForbiddenCity,etc。高级表达方式：Wewillvisitseveralplacesofinterest,suchastheGreatWall,theSummerPalaceandtheForbiddenCity.三、增强使用高级表达方式的意识掌握了简单表达方式转化高级表达方式的方法，并不意味着在写作时一定能用上，只有增强使用高级表达方式的意识，养成使用高级表达方式的习惯，才能确保在写作时自然贴切地用上。经典句式模板1．Itgoeswitoutsayingthat(不言而喻).2.Whatreallycountisnot…but…真正重要的不是…而是…仿写：03Whatreallycountisnothowfashionableyouarebutwhetheryoupossessagreatamountofknowledge,anoblecharacterandawarmheart.仿写：05Whatreallycountisnothowtalentedyouare,buthowperseveringyouare.仿写：06Whatreallycountisnottheconditionitprovides,butthereputationtheuniversitygets.3.Greateffortsshouldbemadeto….Onlyby…canweenableourcountrytotakethestrongpositionamongthepoweroftheworld.仿写：03ThusIsuggetthatgreateffortsshouldbemadetobethepersonthesocietyneeds,.Onlybydoingsocanyoudefinitelyenableyourselftobecomeashappyasyouusedtobe.仿写：05AsfarasIamconcerned,greateffortsshouldbemadetobuildyourconfidenceandperseveranc.Onlybydoingsocanyoudefinitelyenableourselvetotakethestrongpositioninourlife.仿写：06SinceImadeupmymind,greateffortsshouldbemadetorealizemydream.AndonlybyworkinghardcanIdefinitelyenablemyselftotakethestrongpositionamongmypeers.高考书面表达常用的高级句式1.Therebe(exist,live,lie,stand…)sb./sth.2.sb.have(has/had)sth.3.sb.find/think/feel+it+n./adj.+(forsb.)todosth.Wethinkitourdutytoworkhard.Shefindsitnecessarytotakedownnoteswhilelistening.Theyfeelitimportanttohavesomeworkingexperience.4.~themost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/read…HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.Mr.ChangisthekindestteacherthatIhaveeverhad.5、Nothingis+more+形容词+thanto+VNothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.没有比接受教育更重要的事。6、~cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~toomuch.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.7、Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V...（不可否认的...）Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.Thereisnotdenyingthatsuccessfulbusinessliesinahealthybodyandmind.8、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~（全世界都知道...）Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.9、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~（毫无疑问的...）Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。10、Anadvantageof~isthat+句子（...的优点是...）Anadvantageofusingthesolarenergyisthatitwon‘tcreate(produce)anypollution.11、Thereasonwhy+句子~~~isthat+句子（...的原因是...）Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair.Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairforus.12、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子（如此...以致于...）Sopreciousistimethatwecan’taffordtowasteit.13、Adj/n.+as+Subject（主词）+be,S+V~~~（虽然...）Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。Childassheis,shepaysmuchattentiontoherbehavior.14、The+~er+S+V,~~~the+~er+S+V~~~The+more+Adj+S+V,~~~the+more+Adj+S+V~~~（愈...愈...）Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyoumake.Themorebooksweread,themorelearnedwebecome.15、By+doingsth.,sb.candosth.（借着...，..能够..）Bytakingexercise,wecanalwaysstayhealthy.借着做运动我们能够始终保持健康。16、Itissaid/reported/known/thought/believed(that)Itisbelieved(that)readingincreasesourknowledgeandbroadensourmind.17、Onnoaccountcanwe+V~~~（我们绝对不能...）Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。18、Itistime+S+过去式（该是...的时候了）Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.19、根据我个人经验¸…Accordingtomypersonalexperience,…=Basedonmypersonalexperience,…Accordingtomypersonalexperience,smilehasdonemealotofgood.20、Thereisnoonebut~~~（没有人不...）Thereisnoonebutlongstogotocollege.没有人不渴望上大学。21、Itis+n/adj+that/todo…Itisamustthateverybodyshouldknowhowtousecomputers.Itisconvenientforustobeabletousecomputers22、Thatisthereasonwhy~~~（那就是...的原因）Summerissultry.ThatisthereasonwhyIdon‘tlikeit.23.Forthepast+时间，S+现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenbusypreparingfortheexamination.24、Since+S+过去式，S+现在完成式。Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool,hehasworkedveryhard.25、Itpaysto+V~~~（...是值得的。）Itpaystohelpothers.帮助别人是值得的。26、Itisnouse(good)doing…It’snogoodtalkingwithoutthinkingcarefully.27.Itisnecessary/important/essentialthat+sb.(should)+dosth.Itisimportantthatwe(should)keepthepublicplacesclean.28、Whata+Adj+N+S+V!=How+Adj+a+N+V!（多么...！）Whatanimportantthingitistokeepourpromise!Howimportantathingitistokeepourpromise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！29、notonly…butalsoInjustthreeyears,shehadnotonlyfinishedallthelessons,butalsoreceivedherDoctor’sdegree.Forestscannotonlyfreshtheairbutalsoreducenoise.30、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving,~~~（因为...）Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream.31、Iamgreatlyconvinced(that)=Iamgreatlyassured(that)我深信…Iamgreatlyconvincedthatpreventionisbetterthancure.我深信预防是于治疗32、not…untilIdidn’tknowthetruthuntilshetoldmewhathappened.YesterdayIdidn’tgotosleepuntilmidnight.Step1．仔细审题Step2.理清要点Step3.译写单句Step4.连句成篇Step5.检查润色Step1．仔细审题Step2.理清要点Step3.译写单句Step4.连句成篇Step5.检查润色Step6.定稿抄写范例：题目：根据以下提示，用英语写一篇介绍香港的短文，字数100字左右。香港位于中国的东南部，面积1045平方公里，人口600多万，被称为“东方明珠”。1842年鸦片战争后，当时的中国政府被迫将香港割让给英国。1997年她已回到祖国的怀抱，其前景会更美好。参考词汇：明珠pearl[pə:l]，鸦片opium[əupiəm]第一步：仔细审题本文属说明性文章。第二步：理清要点1、香港的地理位置、面积和人口。2、鸦片战争后香港的处境。3、1997年她回到祖国的怀抱。4、其前景会更美好。第三步：译写单句香港位于中国的东南部，面积1045平方公里，人口600多万，被称为“东方明珠”HongKongliesinthesoutheastofChina.Herareais1,045k㎡.Herpopulationismorethan6million.Sheiswell-knownas“thePearloftheEast”.1842年鸦片战争后，当时的中国政府被迫将香港割让给英国。ShewasgivenuptoBritainafterthe1842OpiumWar.1997年她已回到祖国的怀抱，其前景会更美好。In1997,shereturnedtomotherland.Herfutureisverybeautiful.第四步：连句成篇HongKongliesinthesoutheastofChina.Herareais1,045k㎡and(←.Her)populationismorethan6million.Sheiswell-knownas“thePearloftheEast”.ShewasgivenuptoBritainafterthe1842OpiumWar.In1997,shereturnedtomotherlandand(←.Her)futureisverybeautiful.第五步：检查润色1HongKongliesinthesoutheastofChina.shehasanareaof(←Herareais)1,045k㎡and(←.Her)hasapopulationofmorethan6million(←populationismorethan6million).Sheiswell-knownas“thePearloftheEast”.In1842,ShewasgivenuptoBritainbythethenChinesegovernmentafterthe1842OpiumWar,andthepeopleinHongKonglivedahardlife.In1997,shereturnedtomotherlandandthepeopleofHongKongareandwillbeworkinghardtomakehermorebeautiful.(←.Herfutureisverybeautiful.)第五步：检查润色2HongKongliesinthesoutheastofChina.shehasanareaof1,045k㎡andhasapopulationofmorethan6millionand(←.She)iswell-knownas“thePearloftheEast”.In1842,thethenChinesegovernmentwasforcedtogiveupHongKongtoBritain(←ShewasgivenuptoBritainbythethenChinesegovernment)aftertheOpiumWar,andthepeopleinHongKongsufferedalot(←livedahardlife).AfterthereturnofHongKongtoChinain1997(←In1997,shereturnedtomotherlandandthepeopleofHongKongareand),thepeopleofHong