2016年职称英语综合A真题及答案(完整版)

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.Onlypeopleover18areeligibletovote.A.honestB.qualifiedC.enabledD.clever2.Thelatestcarmodelembodiesthenewresearchdevelopment.A.listsC.borrowsB.includesD.broadens3.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremeA.severeB.hardC.warmD.dry4.Sheisanartistwhoseworkwillundoubtedlywithstandthetestoftime.A.gradeB.attractC.bearD.suffer5.Heworeashabbythinovercoatinthecoldwintersothathefellill.A.oldB.bigC.newD.small6.Theweatherwassogorgeousthatmanypeoplewentouting.A.uncontrollableB.pleasantC.cloudy7.Competitorsmustabidebythejudge'sdecisionA.keepB.readD.unbearableC.understandD.obey8.Theumbrellawasingeniouslydevisedtofoldupintothepocket.A.seriouslyB.cleverlyC.attentivelyD.carefully9.Somenewspapersinthewestarenotablybiased.A.especiallyB.whollyC.totallyD.fairly10.Hisanswerswereobscureandconfusing.A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct11.ThewayshelookedafterheryoungsisterwasreallytouchingA.disturbingB.connectingC.moving12.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.A.stableB.suitableC.changeableD.adaptableD.waving13.Theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.A.decorateC.visitB.changeD.water14.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.A.outstandingB.realC.creativeD.false15.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.AclothesB.haircutC.purseD.necklace答案：BBCCABDBAACCDBA第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）暂无下面的短文后列出了7句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择。IncometaxFormanyyoungAmericans,graduatingfromcollegemeansfindingajob,movingoutofthedormroomandbeginningtoregisterone'sannualearningswiththeUSgovernment.Thatlastitemisthelaw,thoughsometimesit'sahassle(难事)toobey.IndependenttaxadvisorBobGilbertcallstheUSincometaxsystem"amazinglycomplicated".Butheaddsthat"verylittleofthecomplicatedtaxlawappliestoyoungpeoplewhoarejustbeginningtheircareers".AccordingtoGilbert,80to90percentofAmericansarenotreallyburdenedbythesystem'scomplications.Still,allthenumbersandformscanbealittleconfusingtothosewhoarejuststartingtheircareers.Somepullouttheircalculatorsandtrytodothemathalone.Someuseincometaxsoftware.OthersjusthandthewholeresponsibilityovertotaxfirmslikeGilbert's.AccordingtoincometaxlawexpertLindaBeale,youngpeoplewilloftenfollowtheirparents'leadwhenfillingtheirincomeforms."Youngpeoplewhogrowupinwealthyhouseholdstypicallyuseprofessionaltaxservicesbecausetheirparentshavealwaysdoneso,"saidBeale,aprofessoratWayneStateUniversityinMichiganState."Ontheotherhand,mostpooreryoungpeopleprobablytrytodotheirowntaxes,unlesstheywantaquick'refund'withthehelpofataxadvisor".Infact,obeyingthelawhasitsbenefits.Forone,manyyoungpeoplecanexpectataxrefund.Thismeansthat,overthecourseoftheyear,theyhavepaidtoomuchinmonthlyfederalorstatetaxesandareentitledtothedifference.BobThalman,a20-year-olduniversitystudent,expectshewillgetarefundofabout100,whichwillprobablygointhebank,orperhapsbeusedtopayforcarinsuranceorcreditcardbills.Thalmancalledthewholeprocessa"hassle",butaddedthathedidn'twattotestthelawbynotfillinghisincometaxpapers."I'mworriedaboutwhatwouldhappenifIfailedtofile,"hesaid."Iknowoneindividualwhodidnotreporthisincometaxformanyyears,andhe'snowinfederalprison.Icertainlydon’twantthat."16.Acollegestudentwithapart-timejobisnotrequiredtofileanincometaxform.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】C17.TheUSincometaxsystemdoesnotwhollyapplytoacollegegraduatewhoisjustbeginninghisorhercareer.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A18.It'sprettyeasyforabeginnertoreporthisorherincometax.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】B19.Whenyoungpeoplefiletheirincometaxform,theywilloftenfollowintheirparents'footsteps.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A20.Youngpeoplefrompoorerfamiliesneedn'tfiletheirincometaxforms.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】B21.Ifonehasfailedtoreporthisorherincometaxforquiteafewyears,heorshemaybeputinprison.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】A22.TheUSincometaxsystemwillbesimplifiedinthenextfewyears.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned【答案】C第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。TunguskaEvent1Ahundredyearsagothisweek,agiganticexplosionripped(撕裂)openthedayaboveaforestinwesternSiberia,leavingascientificriddlethatendurestothisday.2Adazzlinglightpiercedtheheavens,followedbyashockwaveasstrongas1,000atomicbombs.Theexplosionflattened80milliontreesacrossanareaof2,000squarekilometers.Thefireballwassogreatthat,adaylater,Londonerscouldreadtheirnewspapersunderthenightsky.Whatcausedtheso-calledTunguskaEvent,namedafterthenearbyPodkamennayaTunguskariver,stillremainsamystery.3Expertssuspectitwasarockthat,aftertravelinginspaceformillionsofyears,wasdestinedtocrashtoEarthatexactly7:17a.m.onJune30,1908.Thispossibilityworriesscientists.“Imagineanunspottedasteroid(小行星)hittingasignificantchunk(块)ofland...andimagineifthatarea,unlikeTunguska,werepopulated,”theBritishsciencejournalNaturecommentedrecently.4Butnofragmentsofthe“rock”haveeverbeenfound.Findingsuchevidencewouldbeimportant,foritwouldincreaseourknowledgeabouttheriskposedbydangerousNearEarthObjects(NEOs),sayItalianresearchersLucaGasperini,EnricoBonattiandGiuseppeLongo.WhenthenextTunguskaNEOapproaches,scientistswillhavetodecidewhethertotrytodeflect使偏转)itorblowitupinspace.5However,severalrivaltheoriesfortheTunguskaEventexist.WolfgangKundt,aprofessoratGermany'sBonnUniversity,believestheTunguskaEventwascausedbyamassiveescapeof10milliontonsofmethane(甲烷)-richgasfromdeepwithinearth'scrust.Somepeopleholdthattheexplosionwascausedbyanalienspaceshipcrash,orablackholeintheuniverse.23.Paragraph224.Paragraph325.Paragraph426.Paragraph5CFEAA.CompetingExplanationsB.UnknownAttacksC.MysteriousExplosionD.StarWarE.ImportanceofFindingEvidenceF.ExplanationthatWorriesScientists27.Thegiganticexplosionthatoccurredahundredyearsago28.TheshockwavewhichfollowedthedazzlinglightAD29.ThehypothesisthattheexplosionwascausedbyarockcollidingwiththeEarthB30.theoryWolfgangKundt,CwhohasdevelopedanalternativeA.hasremainedapuzzleB.lackssufficientevidenceC.isauniversityprofessorD.wasgeneratedbytheexplosionE.willkillmanyanimalsF.areattackedbyaliens第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇SportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名气).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess杰出的才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft(选拔),hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful难对付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder(震动)spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheuniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayspeedstimulatebonerepair.“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon'tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”31.Theword"towering"inParagraph1meansA.Iarge.B.fat.C.tall.D.great.32.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhisA.mobility.B.assaultC.defense.D.celebrity.33.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecauseA.hisrightfoothadbeenhurting.B.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.D.hecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.34.WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B.HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.35.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMisA.indifferent.B.positive.C.negative.D.doubtful.答案：CABAD第二篇BlackHolesTriggerStarstoSelf-DestructScientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsunscantearapartstarsthatcometooclose.Theblackhole'sgravitypullsharderonthenearestpartofthestar,animbalancethatpullsthestarapartoveraperiodofminutesorhours,onceitgetscloseenough.Scientistssaythisunevenpullingisnottheonlyhazardfacingthestar.Thestrainoftheseunbalancedforcescanalsotriggeranuclearexplosionpowerfulenoughtodestroythestarfromwithin.MatthieuBrassartandJean-PierreLuminetoftheObservatoiredeParisinMeudon,France,carriedoutcomputersimulationsofthefinalmomentsofsuchanunfortunatestar'slife,asitveeredtowardsasupermassiveblackhole.Whenthestargetscloseenough,theunevenforcesflattenitintoapancakeshape.Somepreviousstudieshadsuggestedthisflatteningwouldincreasethedensityandtemperatureinsidethestarenoughtotriggerintensenuclearreactionsthatwouldtearitapart.Butotherstudieshadsuggestedthatthepicturewouldbecomplicatedbyshockwavesgeneratedduringtheflatteningprocessandthatnonuclearexplosionshouldoccur.Thenewsimulationsinvestigatedtheeffectsofshockwavesindetail,andfoundthatevenwhentheireffectsareincluded,theconditionsfavoranuclearexplosion."Therewillbeanexplosionofthestar—itwillbecompletelydestroyed,"Brassartsays.Althoughtheexplosionobliteratesthestar,itsavessomeofthestar'smatterfrombeingdevouredbytheblackhole.Theexplosionispowerfulenoughtohurlmuchofthestar'smatteroutoftheblackhole'sreach,hesays.Thedevouringofstarsbyblackholesmayalreadyhavebeenobserved,althoughatamuchlaterstage.Itisthoughtthatseveralmonthsaftertheeventthatripsthestarapart,itsmatterstartsswirlingintotheholeitself.Itheatsupasitdoesso,releasingultravioletlightandX-rays.Ifstarsdisruptednearblackholesreallydoexplode,thentheycouldinprincipleallowtheseeventstobedetectedatamuchearlierstage,saysJulesHalpernofColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,US."Itmaymakeitpossibletoseethedisruptionofthatstarimmediatelyifitgetshotenough,"hesays.Brassartagrees."PerhapsitcanbeobservedintheX-raysandgammarays,butit'ssomethingthatneedstobemorestudied,"hesays.SupernovaresearcherChrisFryeroftheLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryinLosAlamos,NewMexico,US,saysthedeathsofthesestarsaredifficulttosimulate,andheisnotsurewhethertheresearchershaveproventheirCasethattheyexplodeintheprocess.36.Somethingdestructivecouldhappentoastarthatgetstooclosetoablackhole.WhichofthefollowingdestructivestatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Theblackholecouldtearapartthestar.B.Theblackholecouldtriggeranuclearexplosioninthestar.C.Theblackholecoulddwindleitssizeconsiderably.D.Theblackholecoulddevourthestar.37.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,researchersdifferedfromeachotherintheproblemofA.whethernuclearreactionwouldoccur.B.whetherthestarswouldincreaseitsdensityandtemperature.C.whethershockwaveswouldoccur.D.whethertheunevenforceswouldflattenthestars.38.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Nonuclearexplosionwouldbetriggeredinsidethestar.B.Thestarwouldbedestroyedcompletely.C.Muchofthestar’smatterthrownbytheexplosionwouldbebeyondtheblackhole’sreach.D.Theblackholewouldcompletelydevourthestar.39.Whatwillhappenseveralmonthsaftertheexplosionofthestar?A.Thestar’smatterwillmovefurtherawayfrombytheblackhole.B.Theblackhole’smatterwillheatup.C.Thetornstar’smatterwillswirlintotheblackhole.D.Theblackhole’smatterwillreleaseultravioletlightandX-rays.40.Accordingtothecontext,theword“disruption”inParagraph6meansA.“Confusion.”B.“Tearingapart.”C.“Interruption.”D.“Flattening.”答案：CADCB第三篇Don’tCountonDungConservationists(自然保护主义者)maybemiscalculatingthenumbersofthethreatenedanimalssuchaselephants,sayAfricanandAmericanresearchers.Theerroroccursbecauseofaflawinthewaytheyestimateanimalnumbersfromthepilesofdung(粪)thecreaturesleavebehind.Themistakecouldleadresearcherstothinkthattherearetwiceasmanyelephantsastherereallyareinsomeregions,accordingtoAndrewPlumptreoftheWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)inNewYork.BiologistKatyPayneofCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork,agrees.“Wereallyneedtoknowelephantnumbersandtheevidencethatwehaveisquiteindirect,”saysPayne,whoelectronicallytrackselephants.CountingelephantsfromplanesisimpossibleinthevastrainforestsofCentralAfrica.Soresearchersoftenestimateelephantnumbersbycountingdungpilesinagivenarea.Theyalsoneedtoknowtherateatwhichdungdecays:Becauseit’sextremelydifficulttodeterminetheserates,however,researcherscountingelephantsinoneregiontendtorelyonstandarddecayratesestablishedelsewhere.ButresearchersattheWCShavefoundthatthisdecayratevariesfromregiontoregiondependingontheclimateandenvironment.Usingthewrongvaluescanleadthecensusastray(离开正道),saysPlumptre.HeandhiscolleagueAnthonyChifuNchanjistudieddecayingelephantdungintheforestsofCameroon.Theyfoundthatthedungdecayedbetween55and65percentmoreslowlythanthedungintherainforestsofneighbouringGabon.IfresearchersusedecayratesfromGabontocountelephantsinCameroon,theywouldprobablyfindmoreelephantsthanareactuallyaround.ThiscouldmeanestimatesinCameroonareatleasttwiceashighasthosederivedfromdecayratescalculatedlocally,saysPlumptre.“Howeveraccurateyourdungdensityestimatemightbe,thedecayratecanseverelyaffecttheresult.”Plumptrealsosaysthatthedung-pilecensusshouldbecarriedoutoveraregionsimilarinsizetoanelephant’snaturalrange.Theusualtechniqueofmonitoringonlysmall,protectedareasdistortsnumbersbecauseelephantsmoveinan