新视野大学英语课件第一册课件U05The Battle Against AIDS

NewHorizonCollegeEnglishUnit

TheBattleAgainstAIDS5

SectionA河北经贸大学宋晓娜

Pre-readingActivitiesVocabulary

ExpressionsandpatternsTextanalysis

Test

Exercises

SectionACONTENTSI.Pre-readingActivities:Watch&DiscussWarmupexercisesBackgroundinformationBackgroundKnowledgeAIDSAIDS(AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome)isadiseasewhichdestroysthenaturalmethodthebodyusestoprotectagainstotherdiseases.ItisadiseasecausedbytheHIV(HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus),butAIDSisdifferentfromHIVinthattheformerusuallycausesdeathwhileHIVmayleadstoAIDS.HIVisspreadinthreeways:1.Contactwithinfectedblood2.Sex3.Mother-to-childAIDSusuallydevelopsinfourstages:Inthefirststage:thereisonlyinfectionbyHIVandantibody(抗体)production.Inthesecondstage:thelymphnodes(淋巴结)enlarge.Inthethirdstage:aninfectedpersonmaybegintohavesuchsignsastiredness,fever,andnightsweats.Inthelaststage:AIDSisdiagnosedwhenapersondevelopscertainuncommon,life-threateningillness,forexample,Pneumocystiscariniipneumonia(卡氏肺囊虫肺炎)HIVHIVistheHumanImmunodeficiencyVirus.Thisisthevirusthatspreadsthroughcontactwithinfectedblood,infectedsexualpartnersorwithinthewombofaninfectedpregnantmother.Afterinfectingaperson,HIVcanremainhiddeninthebodyforlonganddifferentperiodsoftimeuntilitbecomesactiveanddevelopsintoAIDSforwhichnoknowncureexists.Thevirusspreadsveryfastoncecontacthasbeenmadewithaninfectedsource.TheSpreadingofAIDSinRecentYearsTheJointUnitedNationsProgramonHIV/AIDS(UNAIDS)estimatesthatmorethan40millionmen,women,andchildrenworldwidearenowlivingwithHIV/AIDS,ofwhich28millionareinSub-SaharanAfrica.Inthisregion,1in10adultsages15to49islivingwiththevirus,andinsevencountriesmorethan20%ofthepopulationisinfected.Women,especiallyyoungwomen,arebecominginfectedatalarminglyincreasingrates.AgreatmanyinfectedpeopledonotknowtheycarryHIVandsomaybespreadingthevirustoothersunknowingly.Latino

LatinoisthenamegiventoHispanicAmericancitizensintheUnitedStateswhosharetheSpanishlanguageincommonbutmaybefromdifferentracesorreligionsanddifferentSpanishspeakingcountries.LatinosarethefastestgrowinggroupintheU.S.andexpectedtobemorethandoubleinsizeby2020.Thefederalgovernment

ThefederalgovernmentintheUnitedStatesisanationalrepublicwhosemembersareselectedtoholdofficeforalimitedperiodoftimebycitizensover18yearsofage.Thisrepublichasanelectedpresidentwhoisheadofthenationaswellasheadofthefederalornationalgovernment.Astategovernment

Astategovernmentisthepoliticalstructurethatincludesanareaofland,citizens,andanelectedgoverningbodywiththerighttocontrolandchangeallpowerswithinthestatethatarenotgivenbyconstitutiontothefederalgovernment.FiftystagegovernmentsexistsintheUnitedStates.AbeautyshopAbeautyshopisabusinessplacewherewomengo“tohavetheirhairdone”,i.e.washed,curled,colored,etc.,ortheirfingernailsorskintreated.Theshopsellsthe“thought”ofbeauty.Aclientshouldfeel/lookmorebeautifulafteravisittothebeautyshop.Womenwhousesuchshopsoftenhaveweeklyappointments.Warm-upActivityWhatisthenameofthediseasethatappearedmorethan20yearsago?Whatwardoesthispassagedescribe?Whatmusteachofuslearntodo?Directions:

Watchthevideoand

thendiscussthetopics

asfollows:2.WhatshouldwedotopreventAIDS?key1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutAIDS?keyI.Pre-readingActivities:Listen,Look&SayVideowatching上一页返回Pathofthinking:WhatisAIDS?IsthereanydifferencebetweenAIDSandHIV?HowistheHIVspread?(HowisoneinfectedwithAIDS)?key1.AIDSisadiseasewhichdestroysthenaturalmethodthebodyusestoprotectagainstotherdiseases.2.ItisdifferentfromHIVinthattheformercausesdeathwhileHIVmayleadtoAIDS.3.HIVisspreadinthreeways:contactwithinfectedblood;sex;mother-to-childtransmission.返回WhatisAIDS?IsthereanydifferencebetweenAIDSandHIV?HowistheHIVspread?(HowisoneinfectedwithAIDS)?Keys

backPathofthinking:WhydopeopleturnpaleatthementionofAIDS?Whatwayscanwetaketoguardagainstit?keySummary:People,AmericanorChinese,tendtoturnpaleatthementionofAIDS.Thisisduetothecoldfactthatitalmostalwaysleadstodeathwhilethereisnoknowneffectivecureforit.Let’squoteUSPresidentBushassayinginthevideo,“HIV/AIDSisoneofthegreatestmedicalchallengesofourtime.Thediseasehaskilledmorethan20millionpeople.Today42millionmorearelivingwithHIV.AcrossAfrica,thisdiseaseisfillinggraveyardseverydayandcreatingorphansandleavingmillionsindesperatefightfortheirownlives.”>>>moreNowthatthefataldiseaseisheretostayinChinaandisspreadingatanalarmingspeed,wehavetodosomethingeffectiveaboutit.Someofthesoundwayswecantakeinclude:1)Weshouldbeclearaboutthewaysitisspreadsoastoavoidimproperfearinsocialcontact;2)Weshouldarousethepublicawarenessofthefactthateveryoneisatriskandthatallofushavearighttoprotectourselves.3)Weshouldalwaysaddnothingbuthealthtoourlife,saying“No”toanyaddictivedrugs,makingfriendswithpeersofgoodtaste,andstayingawayfromunnatural(违反人伦的)sexualcontact.返回MainideaDevicesMainideaofthe

text

anddevicesfordevelopingitMainideaofeachpartanddevicesfordevelopingitNewwords&TextPartⅠPartⅡPartⅢPartⅣTranscriptNewWordsText演绎法解题法对比法acquireimmunedeficiencysyndromediagnoseinfectvirusruralconstitute

segmentalarmfederalimplementorganizationemergenetworkcombatresourcecreativecreativelyclientvideopublicationeducate

educationaleducatorrecentlysoutheastliteracylow-literacyliteraturesolvecreateillustraterelateestablishbusterriskadultpressuredefineredefinebackgroundplagueestablishmentemphasizeregardlesssolutioncrisisrepresentepidemicthreatenracialefficiencyinefficiencyPhrasesandExpressionstobeinfectedwithinplaceof

sufferfromtopassoutasaresultatriskregardlessofthesolutiontotothreatentodosth.todistract…fromsignup(forsth.)Back

Acquired

Immune

Deficiency

Syndrome

(AIDS)wasdiagnosedintheUnitedStatesinthelate1970s.Sincethen,AIDShaskilledmorethan204,000Americans—halfinthepastfewyearsalone.Another185,000oftheonemillioninfected

withtheHIV

virusarealsoexpectedtodie.

NearlyhalfofthosediagnosedwiththevirusareblacksandLatinos.WomenandyouthinruralSoutherncommunitiesnowconstitutethefastestgrowingsegmentofpeoplewithAIDS.

Despitesuchalarmingnumbers,thefederalandstategovernmentshavebeenslowinimplementingprogramstostopthespreadofAIDS.Inplaceofgovernmentinactivity,anumberoflocalorganizationshaveemerged.

Oneorganization,theSouthCarolinaAIDSEducationNetwork,formedin1985tocombatthegrowingnumberofAIDScases.Likemanylocalorganizations,thisorganizationsuffersfromalackofmoney,forcingittouseitsresourcescreatively.Toreachmorepeopleinthecommunity,someAIDSeducationalprogramsoperateoutofabeautyshop.TheownerhandsoutAIDSinformationtoallherclientswhentheyentertheshopandshowsvideosonAIDSpreventionwhiletheywaitfortheirhairtodry.Shealsokeepsbooksandotherpublicationsaroundsocustomerscanreadthemwhilewaitingfortheirappointments.It’samazinghowmanypeopleshehaseducatedonthejob.

Recently,thenetworkbeganhelpinghairstyliststhroughouttheSoutheastsetupsimilarprogramsintheirshops.Theyarealsovaluableresourcesinspreadinginformationtotheirschools,communitygroups,andchurches.Theorganizationhasdevelopedseveraltechniquesusefultoothergroupsdoingsimilarwork.WhilenoonewayofwinningthewaragainstAIDSexists,thenetworksharestheselessonslearnedinitsbattleagainstAIDS：

Speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear.Manycommunitieshavealowliteracyrate,makingimpossiblepassingoutAIDSliteratureandexpectingpeopletoreadit.Tosolvethisproblem,askpeopleinthecommunitywhocandrawwelltocreatelow-literacyAIDSeducationpublications.Thesebooksusesimple,hand-drawnpicturesof“sadfaces”and“happyfaces”toillustratewayspeoplecanpreventAIDS.Theyalsoshowpeoplewholooklikethoseweneedtoeducate,sincepeoplecanrelatemorewhentheyseefamiliarfacesandlanguagetheycanunderstand.Asaresult,suchbooksactuallyhavemoreeffectinthecommunitieswheretheyareusedthangovernmentpublications,whichcostthousandsofdollarsmoretoproduce.

Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.BecauseAIDSisspreadingfastestamongteenagersintheruralSouth,thestylistshaveestablishedan“AIDSBusters”programwhichtrainsyouthfrom8to26togointothecommunityandteach“AIDS101”totheirpeers.TheymakeitsimpleandexplaintheriskofcatchingAIDStofriendstheirownagemuchbetterthananadultcan.Theyalsoplayavitalroleinhelpingparents

understandthethetypesofpeerpressuretheirchildrenexperience.totheCentersforDiseaseControl,womenwillsoonmakeup80percentofthosediagnosedwithHIV.Thestylistsalsoemphasizethateveryoneisatriskandthatallofushavearighttoprotectourselves–regardlessofmarriageRedefine“atrisk”toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.Onewoman’sdoctortoldhershewasnotatriskforAIDSbecauseshewasmarriedanddidn'tusedrugs.Suchmisinformationplaguesthemedialestablishment.Accordingstatus.TheselessonsarenottheonlysolutionstothecrisisbutuntilthereisacureforAIDS,educationrepresentstheonlysafemeasuretoguardagainstthevirus.Likenootherplaguebefore,theAIDSepidemicthreatenstowipeoutanentiregenerationandleaveanotherwithoutparents.Wemustnotletcultural,racial,orsocialbarriersdistractusfromthejobthatmustbedone.Norcanweletpoliticalinefficiencystopusfromourtask.Thisisanundeclaredwarthateveryonemustsignupforinorderforustowin.Wesimplycannotletpeoplecontinuetodiebecausewedon’tfeelcomfortabletalkingaboutAIDS.Everyonemustbecomeaneducatorandlearntolive.BackDespitethespreadofAIDS,nocureforitandlackofgovernmentactivity,somelocalorganizationshavebeenactiveandcreativeinthebattleagainstthefataldisease.Mainideaofthetext?Devicesfordevelopingit?对比法演绎法解题法BackTheProblem:

AIDS,diagnosedinthelate1970s,haskilledmorethan204,000Americans,expectinganother185,000oftheonemillioninfectedwiththeHIVvirustodie;andmeanwhile,womenandyouthinruralSoutherncommunitiesaremakingupthefastestsegmentofpeoplewithAIDS.Hitwiththeproblems,however,Americangovernmentshavebeenslowinstoppingthespreadofthedisease.(Para.1-3)>>>more对比法演绎法Back1.Problem-Solution-Evaluation问题解决法

TheSolution:NumerouslocalorganizationshavesetupandsharedwitheachothersomeeffectiveAIDSeducationalprograms:speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear;trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers;redefine“atrisk”toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.(Para.3-12)对比法演绎法The

Evaluation:

Theseprogramsarenottheonlysolutionstothecrisisbut,untilthereisacureforAIDS,theyareonlysafemeasuresagainstthevirus.(Para.13)BackTheSouthCarolinaAIDSEducationNetwork,formedin1985andsufferingfromalackofmoney,hasbeenactiveandcreativeinthebattleagainstAIDS.(Para.4)Generalstatement:

2.DeductionOrganization演绎法:

(from‘general’to‘specific’)>>>more对比法解题法BackItoperatesitseducationalprogramsoutofabeautyshop.(Para.5)Itresortstothenetworktohelpthehairstylistssetupsimilarprogramsinothershops.(Para.6)Ithasdevelopedseveraltechniquesusefultoothergroupsdoingsimilarwork:aneasy-to-understandeducationwithinthecommunity,self-educationamongpeers,andredefinitionof“atrisk”.(Para.7-12)Specificstatements:对比法解题法Back演绎法解题法3.ComparisonandContrast对比法Thecomparisonandcontrastisbetween“thegovernment’sinactivity

”and“thelocalorganizations’creativeoperationsoftheeducationalprograms”.Conjunctions:

despite,inplaceof,morethan>>>moreTheGovernment’sInactivity:Despitethealarmingnumbers,thefederalandstategovernmentshavebeenslowinimplementingprogramstostopthespreadoftheAIDS.(Para.3)Back1)Inplaceofthegovernment’sinactivity,anumberoflocalorganizationshaveemerged.(Para.3)2)Oneofthem,sufferingfromalackofmoney,usesitsresourcescreatively.(Para.4)3)Asaresult,suchbooksactuallyhavemoreeffectinthecommunities…thangovernmentpublications…(Para.9)LocalOrganizations’CreativeInvolvement演绎法解题法3.ComparisonandContrast对比法

PartI(para.1-2)AseriousdiseasenamedasAIDSwasdiagnosedintheU.S.A.inthelate1970s;andsincethenithasbeenabigthreattotheAmericansociety.Phenomenondescription

(现象法)Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIIPartIIIPartIVFordetails下一页BackSincethen,AIDShaskilledmorethan204,000Americans—

halfinthepastfewyearsalone.

Another185,000oftheonemillioninfectedwiththeHIVvirusarealsoexpectedtodie.(Para.1)NearlyhalfofthosediagnosedwiththevirusareblacksandLatinos.WomenandyouthinruralSoutherncommunitiesnowconstitute

thefastestgrowingsegmentofpeoplewithAIDS.(Para.2)Phenomenondescription(现象法)返回Back

PartII(para.3-6)Incontrasttothegovernment’sinactivity,somelocalorganizationshavemadeeffortstofightagainstAIDScreatively.Deduction(演绎法）

Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIPartIIIPartIVFordetails下一页上一页Back

Deduction(演绎法)Generalstatement:Toreachmorepeopleinthecommunity,someAIDSeducationalprograms(ofthenetwork)operateoutofabeautyshop.(Para.4)Specificstatements:1).TheownerhandsoutAIDSinformationtoallherclientswhentheyentertheshopandshowsvideosonAIDSpreventionwhiletheywaitfortheirhairtodry.Shealsokeepsbooksandotherpublicationsaroundsocustomerscanreadthemwhilewaitingfortheirappointments.(Para.5)2)Recently,thenetworkbeganhelpinghairstyliststhroughouttheSoutheastsetupsimilarprogramsintheirshops.(Para.6)返回BackTheorganizationhasgeneralizedsomepracticalmethodswhichareusefultoothersimilargroups.Problem-solution-evaluation

(解题法)

Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIPartIIPartIVListing(列举法)

FordetailsFordetails下一页上一页PartIII(Para.7－13)BackListing(列举法)1)

Speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear.(Para.8)2)

Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.(Para.10)3)

Redefine“atrisk”toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.(Para.11)返回BackManycommunitieshavealowliteracyrate,makingimpossiblepassingoutAIDSliteratureandexpectingpeopletoreadit.Problem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）Theproblem:>>>moreMethod1:Speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear.BackTosolvethisproblem,askpeopleinthecommunitywhocandrawwelltocreatelow-literacyAIDSeducationpublications.(Para.8)Thesebooksusesimple,hand-drawnpicturesof“sadfaces”and“happyfaces”toillustratewayspeoplecanpreventAIDS.Theyalsoshowpeoplewholooklikethoseweneedtoeducate,sincepeoplecanrelatemorewhentheyseefamiliarfacesandlanguagetheycanunderstand.(Para.9)Thesolution:>>>moreProblem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）BackAsaresult,suchbooksactuallyhavemoreeffectinthecommunitieswheretheyareusedthangovernmentpublications,whichcostthousandsofdollarsmoretoproduce.(Para.9)TheevaluationProblem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）>>>moreBack(Para.10)Problem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）Theproblem:AIDSisspreadingfastestamongteenagersintheruralSouth.(Para.10)>>>more

Method2:Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.Back(Para.10)(Para.10)Thesolution:Thestylistshaveestablishedan“AIDSBusters”programwhichtrainsyouthfrom8to26togointothecommunityandteach“AIDS101”totheirpeers.Problem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）TheevaluationTheymakeitsimpleandexplaintheriskofcatchingAIDStofriendstheirownagemuchbetterthananadultcan.Theyalsoplayavitalroleinhelpingparentsunderstandthetypesofpeerpressuretheirchildrenexperience.(Para.10)>>>moreBack

(Para.7)Theproblem(thewholepart):Problem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）

(Para.8-12)Thesolution:Speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear.(Para.8)Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.(Para.10)Redefine“atrisk”toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.(Para.11)>>>moreNoonewayofwinningthewaragainstAIDSexists.(Para.7)Back(Para.13)Problem-solution-evaluation(问题解决法）TheevaluationTheselessonsarenottheonlysolutionstothecrisisbutuntilthereisacureforAIDS,educationrepresentstheonlysafemeasuretoguardagainstthevirus.(Para.13)返回BackFightingagainstAIDSentailseveryone’sinvolvementandforceseachofustobeaneducatorandlearntolive.Induction(归纳法)

Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIPartIIPartIIIFordetails上一页PartIV(Para.14)

Likenootherplaguebefore,theAIDSepidemicthreatenstowipeoutanentiregenerationandleaveanotherwithoutparents.Wemustnotletcultural,racial,orsocialbarriersdistractusfromthejobthatmustbedone.Norcanweletpoliticalinefficiencystopusfromourtask.Thisisanundeclaredwarthateveryonemustsignupforinorderforustowin.Wesimplycannotletpeoplecontinuetodiebecausewedon'tfeelcomfortabletalkingaboutAIDS.Everyonemustbecomeaneducatorandlearntolive.

和以前其他瘟疫不同，艾滋病这一流行性疾病有可能夺去一代人的生命，从而使另一代人失去双亲。因而我们决不能让文化、种族和社会的障碍使得我们不能专心从事我们必须做的工作。我们也不能因为政府工作效率低下而放弃我们的工作。这是一场不宣而战的战争，我们每个人都必须参加，我们只有这样才能取得胜利。我们绝对不能因为谈论艾滋病会使我们感到难受，而听任人们继续被艾滋病夺去生命。每个人都必须成为教育者，必须学会生活。

Induction(归纳法)返回VocabularyYoushouldmemorizethefollowingcorevocabulary.Back例句上一页下一页Back1.acquire

getbyone'sownwork,skill,etc.

获得；学到Heacquiredaknowledgeofthelanguagebycarefulstudy.他通过认真学习掌握了这门语言。-quire问，求扩展acquireenquire=inquirerequire取得，学到询问，调查要求，需要上一页下一页acquire指通过不断的学，问等慢慢的获取学问，技术等较抽象的东西。acquiregetobtaingainget为获得的最普通用语。obtain表示经过很长的时间或经过很大的努力，获得期望已久的东西。gain的含义较obtain进一步，表示要付出更大的努力才能获得，故译为赢得。Back例句上一页下一页2.immune

1.免疫的HIVdamagesthehumandefensemethodwhichmakeshumansimmunetodiseases.艾滋病毒破坏人体中抵御疾病侵袭的防御机制。这种药可以使你免于感染这种疾病。Themedicinewillmakeyouimmunetothedisease.Back上一页下一页2.免除的这些商品不免税。Thesegoodsarenotimmunefromcustomsduties.

这个人得知如果他帮助警察，就可免受处罚。Themanwastoldthathewouldbeimmunefrompunishmentifhehelpedthepolice.

Back例句上一页下一页3.deficiency

不足，缺乏;缺点Thedeficienciesintheplanareveryclearanditcannotsucceed.这个计划的不足之处是显而易见的，因而是不可能成功的。这位军官很担心水供应不足。Theofficerwasquiteworriedaboutthedeficiencyinthesupplyofwater.Back扩展上一页下一页deficientadj.”缺乏的,不足的“表示量上不足。defectiveadj.“有缺陷的，有缺点的“表示质上有毛病defectn.缺点充足的sufficientadj.efficientadj.效率高的efficiencyn.效率Back例句上一页下一页4.rural

oforlikethecountryside

农村的Theoldmanpreferstherurallifetothelifeinthecity.（urbanlife）在农村生活和城市生活之间，这位老人更喜欢前者。生活在农村的人或许比生活在城里的人更友好些。Peoplelivinginruralareasarelikelytobemorefriendlythanthoselivinginthecity.

Back例句上一页下一页5.constitute

makeup;form

组成Girlsconstitute20percentofthestudentpopulationintheuniversity.女生占这所大学学生总数的百分之二十。12个人组成一个研究小组。Twelvepeopleconstitutearesearchgroup.Back扩展上一页下一页con-together-stitute-“stand,setup”---站在一起consist包括，由…组成TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。Back翻译上一页下一页一年有12个月。Ayearconsistsof12months.12monthsconstituteayear.Back例句上一页下一页6.client

1.当事人Thelawyerspentawholedaytalkingwithhisclientaboutthecase.律师就该案子与当事人谈了一天。2.acustomer顾客Thecompanyrequireditsclientstopaytheirbillsinadvance.这家公司要求顾客预先支付费用。Back扩展上一页下一页guest旅社，饭店等的顾客或家中的客人。customer商店的顾客client银行律师事务所的顾客。Back例句上一页下一页7.illustrate

说明Hisstoryillustratesherskillindealingwiththeproblem.他所讲的故事说明了她处理这个问题的技巧。他用许多实例和图片说明自己的观点。Heillustratedhisideawithmanyexamplesandpictures.Back扩展上一页下一页源于luster“光泽”illustrate指绘图或举例说明。

explain是普通的日常用语，指解释说明不了解的事情。

interpret比较正式，侧重以知识，经验解释难理解的事情，宾语往往是法律，条约中的条文，行文。Back例句上一页下一页8.relate

1.tell(astory)

讲述Werelatedourtroublestohim,askinghisadvice.我们向他讲述我们的困难，征求他的意见。她没有机会对他说这些情况。Shehadnoopportunitytorelatethesituationtohim.Back例句上一页下一页2,将......联系起来Ican'trelatethetwoideas.我不能把这两个观点联系起来。我不能把他说的和他做的联系起来。Ican'relatewhathedoestowhathesays.扩展relativeadj.有关系的,相对的,比较而言的relation关系,联系,relationshipn.关系,关联Backtobediagnosedas(with)AIDStobeinfectedwiththeHIVvirustobeexpectedtodietoconstitutethefastestgrowingsegmentofpeoplewithAIDStobeslowinimplementingprogramstoemerge

>>>more

ExpressionsPatternsforyoutouseasmodels1.Typicalpatternsfordefinitionofsth.

2.

Typicalpatternsfor

comparisonandcontrastA：Expressions:tobediagnosedas(with)AIDStobeinfectedwiththeHIVvirustobeexpectedtodiealarming

tobeslowinimplementingprogramstoemerge

tocombatthegrowingnumberofAIDScasestosufferfromalackofmoneytoreachmorepeopletokeepbooksandotherpublicationsaround11.tospeaktosb.inawaytheycanhear12.toillustratewayspeoplecanpreventAIDS13.toshowpeoplewholooklikethoseweneedtoeducate14.

peer15.torepresenttheonlysafemeasuretoguardagainstthevirus16.towipeoutanentiregenerationtobedistractedfromthejobthatmustbedonesignup()A.Expressions1.诊断出是(患)艾滋病tobediagnosedas(with)AIDS(L.1)鉴于这种传染病很难诊断，我们只好将疑似病人隔离起来。活学活用Sincetheinfectiousdiseasewashardtodiagnose,wehadtoisolatethepatientswhosesyndromeswewerepartlycertain.Back下一页上一页如果你忽视了一些危险因素，你感染“非典”的机率就会增大。2.感染了……疾病tobeinfectedwith(L.3)活学活用YourchancesofbeinginfectedwithSARSwillincreaseifyoufailtoguardagainstsomeriskfactors.Back下一页上一页tobeexpectedtodie(L.4)活学活用3.将不久于人世他已把所有积蓄投入到了这一生意里;期待着能有好的回报。Thisbusiness,inwhichhehasinvestedallofhissavings,isexpectedtopayoffverywell.下一页上一页Back4.alarming:使人惊动的,令人担忧的alarmv.向...报警,警戒;使惊慌,n.警报下一页上一页BackWeweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我们大为惊慌。他鸣警报。Hesoundedthealarm.Thereisanalarmingincreaseinviolentcrime.alarmed:恐慌的，担忧的下一页上一页BackThereisnoneedtolooksoalarmed.不必显得这样恐慌。活学活用Therainforestisdisappearingatan___rate.Theprisonauthorityhavebecomeincreasingly____bythenumberofprisonerstryingtoescape.alarming,alarmed5.在实施防治艾滋病蔓延的计划方面行动迟缓tobeslowinimplementingprogramstostopthespreadofAIDS(L.8)Back下一页上一页beslowin(doing)sth….在…方面滞后，缓慢I’vediscussedtheplanwithhim;He’ssimplyslowintakingactiveaction.活学活用有人认为美国的教育在培养学生数学能力方面已明显滞后。IthasbeenarguedthattheAmericaneducationisobservablyslowinthepupils’mathematicstraining.Back下一页上一页6.（某事物）应运而生(sth.)toemerge(L.10)下一页上一页Backemerge:(事实）显现,浮现,暴露Thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.真相在审讯中显露出来.Thetruthemergedattheinquest.事后人们得知,这个汽车驾驶员是喝醉酒了。活学活用下一页上一页BackItlateremergedthatthedriverofthecarhadbeendrunk.7.防止艾滋病病例数量的增加tocombatthegrowingnumberofAIDScases

(L.12)这场灾难促使我们要与不良的饮食习惯作斗争。活学活用Thisdisasterpushesustocombatourbadhabitsofeatinganddrinking.下一页上一页Back8.缺乏资金tosufferfromalackofmoney(L.13)她的学业因她的大量社交活动而受到影响。活学活用Herschoolworksufferedfromallhersocialactivities.下一页上一页Back万一有问题，我们能打这个电话和你取得联系吗？9.接触到更多的人

toreachmorepeople(L.15)活学活用Willwebeabletoreachyouonthistelephone,incasethereareanyproblems?下一页上一页BackI'vebeentryingalldaytoreachhimonthetelephone.

tokeepsth.around(L.21)

你最好备一些特效药物,以便应急。活学活用10.把……放在周围Itisadvisableforyoutokeepsomespecificmedicinesaroundsoastomeetyoururgentneeds.下一页上一页BackWhilereading,youshouldkeepadictionaryaround.11.以社区居民能接受的方式与他们交谈tospeaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear(L.31)他以一种听众可以理解的方式仔细地陈述他在每一问题上的立场。活学活用Hecarefullyexplainedhispositiononeachissueinawaythatmadesensetohislisteners.Back下一页上一页尽管不能从事很多活动，我父亲还是努力以某种方式参与。Back下一页上一页inawayadv.Inaway,heisrightinsayingso.在某种程度上,稍稍inthewayadv.挡道innowayadv.决不Youcaninnowayallowthissituationtocontinue.12.说明防止感染艾滋病的方法toillustratewayspeoplecanpreventAIDS(L.36)

有消息报道,牛津大学某学院以高达30万美元的价格出售一个本科生名额,这一举动足以证明牛津大学的入学名额有多大的价值。活学活用Thereportthatoneofitscollegesofferedtosellanundergraduateplacefor$300,000canbeusedtoillustratehowvaluabletheplaceatOxfordUniversityis.Back13.告诉人们