2021-2022学年山东省泰安市统招专升本英语自考模拟考试(含答案)

2021-2022学年山东省泰安市统招专升本英语自考模拟考试(含答案)

一、单选题(20题)1.Thistimetomorrow,Rose_______onthestageinfrontofallthefacultyandstudents（）

A.willsingB.singsC.issingingD.willbesinging

2.Wecanfindmanysports______ontheplaygroundofthisprimaryschool（）

A.installmentsB.equipmentsC.machinesD.facilities

3.Thankyouforthe_____youdidmetomovethesofaupstairs（）

A.favorB.goodC.helpD.aid

4.isknowntoall,toomuchstresscancausedisease（）

A.WhichB.ThatC.ItD.As

5.Itishightimethatthegovernment_______thehightechnologyindustry（）

A.developB.developsC.developedD.developing

6.Lastyeartheadvertisingrate______by20percent（）

A.raisedB.arousedC.aroseD.rose

7.Technologyhasindeedhadadirect______onourlifetoday（）

A.changeB.effortC.effectD.role

8.Youshouldhavebeenmorepatientthatcustomer（）

A.ofB.withC.forD.at

9.Bytheendofthisterm,we（）3000Englishwordsinall

A.willlearnB.willhavelearnedC.havelearnedD.hadlearned

10.Thecaptainwasunwillingto_____thecommandoftheship（）

A.handoverB.handinC.handoutD.handon

11.Wefoundthattheplane_____whenwegottotheairport（）

A.alreadytookoff

B.hadalreadytakenoff

C.wasalreadytakingoff

D.wasalreadytakenoff

12._______thefog，thecrewcanstilldistinguishthecoastlinefairlywell（）

A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.InsteadofD.Onaccountof

13.Wewantthecommitteeto（）thedetailsoftheplan

A.lookforB.giveupC.breakdownD.workout

14.Awellwrittencomposition______goodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings（）

A.callsforB.callsonC.callsupD.callsoff

15.Afteramealintherestaurant,oneasksthewaiterforthe（）

A.payB.billC.chargeD.note

16.Bobneverdreamsof（）forhimtobepromotedtothemanagingpositioninthecompany

A.therebeingachance

B.theretobeachance

C.therebeachance

D.beingachance

17.Spacevehicleswerelaunchedintoouterspace_____searchofanotherlivingplanet（）

A.toB.atC.inD.for

18.Heannouncedthatthecompanyhadbeentransferredto（）city

A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.oneanother

19.Theengineertriedto（）theproblemwithseveraldrawings

A.recognizeB.impressC.illustrateD.identify

20.Herbrotherbeathomenow,becausehewasseenplayingbasketballinthestadiumjustnow（）

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't

二、选词填空题(10题)21.3.____

22.Studentsatuniversitycanlearnandmakefriends1willlastalifetime.However,thecostofstudyingisontherise.Thisincreasemeansthatmoststudentscangetintomoneytrouble2theydonotknowhowtomanagetheirmoney.Itisnotjustthecoursefees.Studentsmustalso3forroomandboard.Inaddition,theymayspendmoney4clothes,travel,andotherthings.Thus,studentsneedtobudget5.Atmostuniversitiesteacherscangivestudentssuggestionsonhowtospendtheirmoney.Thefirstthingtheysuggestistowritedownyour6,forexample,themoneyyouwillgetfromyourfamilyorapart-timejob.Thenlistallofyourexpenses.Putyourexpensesintotwo7:thosethatchange(food,books,travel),andthosethatwillstaythesame(tuition,roomandboard).Addtogetherallofyourexpenses.Whenyoudothis,youfinditis8toplanoutyourbudget.Thismeansyoucansaveyourmoney,ratherthantryingto9fromothers.Asyoucansee,thereismoretolearnatuniversitythanjust10istaughtintheclassroom.____

23.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhogotoconcerts,showsandmuseumscanlivelongerthan1whodonot.ExpertsfromUniversityCollegeLondonhavebeenexaminingthelifestylesofover6,700Britishpeople215years.They3howoftenthepeoplewentoutandwhatkindsofeventstheyattended.Theyfoundthatpeopleover50yearsold4regularlywenttoconcertswereabout30percent5likelytodieoverthenext14years.Theresearcherssaidtheover50scouldextendtheirlife6engagingwiththearts.Inadditiontolivinglongerconcertgoerscouldalsohavemorefun.TheUKHealthSecretaryMattHancockbelievestherecouldbealotof7intheresearch.Hesaidartsandculturecould8thingslikementalhealth,agingandloneliness.He9announcedplansfortheUK’sNationalHealthServicetousetheartstohelppeopleliveahealthierlife.Oneresearchersaid,“Ourresultshighlighttheimportanceof10toexplorenewsocialfactorsthataffectourhealth.”1.____

三、情景对话(10题)24.Mary:Hello!71

John:Sure,mynameisJohnSmithandI'mfromasmalltowncalledBrentwoodinEssexwhichisinEngland.

Mary:OK,Essex.72

John:That'sinthesoutheast.

Mary:Southeast?

John:Yeah,yeah.It'sattachedtoLondon,justnexttoLondon.

Mary:Oh,OK,butyousaidit'sasmalltown.

John:It'srelativelysmall.73

Mary:Oh,whenIthinkofasmallBritishtown,youknow,Ithinkofreallyoldhouses,andnothing'schanged.74

John:ThecinemainBrentwoodactuallycloseddown,butitdoeshaveaverynicehealthcentreand,asIsaid,lotsofparkstoplayin.

Mary:75

A.Thepopulationisonlyabout50,000.

B.Wow,itsoundslikeaniceplacetolivein.

C.WhichpartofEnglandisthat?

D.Doyouhavemodernstuff,likeahealthclub,amovietheatreorthingslikethat?

E.Canyouintroduceyourself,please

71.____（）

25.72.____（）

26.69.____（）

27.8.____（）

28.74.____（）

29.5（）

A.IsthereaChinesefestivalinJune,too?

B.Yes,youareverysmart

C.Itsoundsveryinteresting

D.WhatdoyouusuallydoonthatdayinChina?

E.Whatapity!

30.M:Areextremesportspopularinyourcountry?

W:They’renotverypopular.1ThereisaTVprogramonaboutthemeachweek.

M:Ithinkthatthepeoplewhodotheskateboardingareveryskilled.2

W:Thekidswhodoitaresoyoung.Well,it’sbetterforthemthansittingathomewatchingTVallday!

M:3

W:I’mgoingbungeejumpingonSunday.Iwasverynervousaboutit,butmyfriendsconvincedmetogiveitatry.

M:4Theorganizershavelotsofsafetyprocedures.CanIcomeandwatch?

W:5Youmightevenbetempted（吸引）todoabungeejump.

M:Imight.It’ssomethingI’veoftenthoughtaboutdoing

1（）

A.Itmusttakealotofpracticetostayontheskateboard

B.Wouldyouliketotryanyextremesports?

C.Iguessso

D.ManypeoplewatchthemonTV

E.I’msureyouwillbesafe

31.4（）

A.CouldImakeanappointmentforTuesdaymorning?

B.CanIhelpyou?

C.MayIhaveyourname,please?

D.Mr.Smithisoutonbusinesstoday

E.LetmecheckMr.Smith’sdiary

32.M:Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayafternoon?

W:1Itwasreallyinteresting.

M:2

W:Bytheriver.Alotofchildrenwereflyingkitesthere.

M:Itwaswindyyesterday,wasn’tit?

W:3

M:Whomdidyouflykiteswith?

W:4

M:Didyouenjoyyourselves?

W:Yes.5Afterthatwealsohadapicnictogether

1（）

A.Wehadagoodtime

B.Yes,thewindwasstrong

C.Iwasflyingakiteyesterdayafternoon

D.Wheredidyouflythekite?

E.WithLiLeiandTom

33.68.____（）

四、翻译(10题)34.没人能否认教育是一个人的一生中最重要的方面

35.Agoodleader,aneffectiveleader,isonewhohasrespect.Respectissomethingyouhaveinordertoget.Aleaderwhohasrespectforotherpeopleatalllevelsofanorganization.Fortheworktheydo,andfortheirabilities,aspirationsandneeds,willfindthatrespectisreturn.Andallconcernedwillbemotivatedtoworktogether

36.他为自己被大学录取而感到自豪，他妈妈对他也很满意（）

37.SincefewAmericanprofessionalsheadouttosettleelsewhereintheworld,thebraindrainofeducatedpeopleseversonlytowidenthegapbetweenthelandofplentyandthelandsofpoverty

38.Whatmattersisnothowmuchyouhavelearnedbuthowtoapplywhatyouhavelearned

39.Forconvenience，wemayclassifytheEnglishspeakersintotwogroups:oneinwhichthespeakersuseEnglishastheirnativelanguage,theotherinwhichthespeakerslearnEnglishasasecondlanguageforthepurposesofeducation,commerce,andsoon

40.Howacomputerworkswillbeexplainedindetailatthenextlecture

41.Lackofcouragekeptthisyoungmanfromrealizinghisdream

42.Ourprogressinmathematicsowestohim

43.BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks

五、阅读理解(10题)44.Researchesshowthatmanypeopledonotleaveallorganizationsbutleaveaboss.Soitisvitalthatwhenyouapplyforaposition,younotonlylookattheorganizationandtherole,butalsointerviewyourfutureboss.Applyingforanewjobisatwo-waystreet—theyselectyouandyouselectthem.

Beforeyougototheinterview,writedownwhatyourselectionstandardsareforaneffectiveboss.Youcanmakealistofselectioncriteria,suchas:Whatmadeyourlastbossgoodforyou?Howdoyouliketobetrained?Howdoyoulikeyourbosstocommunicatewithyou?

Thenyouplacetheminorderofimportance.Themostimportantshouldbeontopofthelist.Onceyouareclearonyourstandards,youmaygetsomeideaofhowyourfuturebossoperatesbythewaytheinterviewisconductedForexample,diditstartandfinishontime?Howformalorinformalwastheroom?

WhentheinterviewgetstotheDoyouhaveanyquestions?stage,youmightliketoasksomequestions.Withwell-preparedquestions,youcandevelopaverygoodideaofyourfutureboss’smanagementstyle

Manypeopleleaveanorganizationbecause_______（）

A.thebossdoesn’tliketheemployees

B.theydon’tliketheboss

C.theorganizationisnotgood

D.theorganizationisnotimportant

45.PassageOne

ResearchershavefoundthatREM（rapideyemovement）sleepisimportanttohumanbeings.Thistypeofsleepgenerallyoccursfourorfivetimesduringonenightofsleep,lastingfiveminutestofortyminutesforeachoccurrence.Thedeeperaperson'ssleepbecomes,thelongertheperiodsofrapideyemovement.

TherearephysicalchangesinthebodytoshowthatapersonhaschangedfromNREM（non-rapideyemovement）toREMsleep.Breathingbecomesfaster,theheartrateincreases,and,asthenameimplies,theeyesbegintomovequickly.

AccompanyingthesephysicalchangesinthebodyisaveryimportantcharacteristicofREMsleep.ItisduringREMsleepthatapersondreams

Accordingtothepassage,howoftendoesREMsleepoccurinonenight（）

A.OnceB.TwiceC.FourorfivetimesD.Fortytimes

46.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,whichofthefollowingwillyouchoose（）

A.HolidayPrograminGermanyandBritishStudyTours

B.SummerinAustraliaandSummerSchoolinFrance

C.BritishStudyToursandSummerinAustralia

D.SummerSchoolinFranceandHolidayPrograminGermany

47.Thestrategyofdistributedpracticeshowsthat（）

A.weshouldnotstudyforlonghourseveryday

B.reviewingwhatwehavestudiedisoflittlehelp

C.theshortertheintervalis,thebetterwe'llstudy

D.doingrepetitionatintervalsisthebestway

48.Thethirdparagraphmainlydiscussesthegoodandbadthingsabout（）

A.studyingabroad

B.classroomlearning

C.learningculture

D.learningonline

49.Alcoholisamajorcauseofroadaccidentsinthat（）

A.mostdriverswhodieintheseaccidentshavebeendrinking

B.moreyoungpeopledieindrink-relatedaccidentsthaninanyotherway

C.drinkingaffectspeople'sbloodalcoholconcentration

D.oneinthreedriversdrinkheavily

50.PassageFour

Auctions（拍卖）arepublicsalesofgoods,madebyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdassembledintheauctionroomtomakeoffers,orbids,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragedbuyerstobidhigherfigures,andfinallynamedthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalledknockingdownthegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaningincrease.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhash,meaningunderthespear,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthcentury,goodswereoftensoldbythecandle:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvariedaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruit,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie'sandSotheby'sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calledalot,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer'sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible

Whatdoesthewordbidder（Para.1）mean（）

A.Apersonwhosellssomething

B.Apersonwhobuyssomething

C.Apersonwhooffersaprice

D.Apersonwhoborrowssomething

51.Oneimportantfactorthataffectsthecorrectnessoftheresultsisthat________（）

A.theoldmentestedmaynothaveshownsuchcognitivedecline

B.peoplesurveyedareallold

C.peopletakingpartinthistestcamefromallovertheworld

D.womenlivelongerthanmen

52.Childrenaremorelikelytobemaltreatedifthey______（）

A.cryalot

B.arenotgood-looking

C.areover4yearsold

D.arequiet

53.Traditionally,achildissupposedtolearnabouttheadultworld（）

A.throughcontactwithsociety

B.graduallyandunderguidance

C.naturallyandbybiologicalinstinct

D.throughexposuretosocialinformation

六、作文题(1题)54.Directions:Thispartistotestyourabilitytodopracticalwriting.Youarerequiredtowriteanessayaccordingtothefollowinginformationgiveninthepicture.Youshouldwriteyourcomposition（nolessthan100words）ontheAnswerSheet.

说明：下图展现的是人们越来越依赖手机进行交流的现象，请你就这一现象进行评论。

参考答案

1.D明天的这个时候，罗斯将正在舞台上面对着全体师生歌唱。

［考点］动词时态

【精析】D根据句意和时间状语Thistimetomorrow（明天的这个时候）可知，这里应用将来进行时，表示在将来某时正在进行的动作。故选D

2.DDinstallment：分期付款，部分；equipment：设备，器材，为不可数名词；machine：机器；facility：设施，为可数名词。根据句意和搭配可知，选D

3.A多谢你帮助我将沙发抬到楼上。

［考点］词语搭配

【精析】Adosb.afavor为固定搭配，意为帮某人一个忙。空处与to之间为省略引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰thefavor。故选A

4.D众所周知，太多的压力会引发疾病。

［考点］定语从句

【精析】D分析句子结构可知，逗号之前为非限制性定语从句，指代后面句子的内容。从句成分不完整，缺少主语，所以应用关系代词as来引导。which引导的非限制性定语从句不可位于句首；it,that均不能引导非限制性定语从句。也可将asisknowntoall（众所周知）当作固定搭配。类似的用法还有asisoftenthecase（情况往往是这样）,asoftenhappens（事情往往如此）,asismentionedabove（正如上面所提到的）等。故选D

5.C该是政府发展高科技产业的时候了。

［考点］虚拟语气

【精析】C在Itis（high/about）time（that）…句型中，后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词多用过去式，也可用should+动词原形的形式，should不可省略，意为该是……的时候了。故选C

6.D去年的广告费提高了百分之二十。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Draise：提升，养育；arouse：唤醒；arise：产生，出现；rise：上升。前两个词为及物动词，后两个词为不及物动词，因为空处后面跟的是介词by，所以要用不及物动词。根据句意可知，选D

7.C如今科技确实已经直接影响了我们的生活。

［考点］词语搭配

【精析】Chaveadirecteffectonsb./sth.为固定搭配，意为对……有直接影响。故选C

8.B你本应该对那个客人更有耐心些。

［考点］词语搭配

【精析】Bbepatientwithsb.是固定搭配，意为对某人有耐心。故选B

9.B到这学期末，我们将总共学了3000个英语单词。

［考点］动词时态

【精析】Bby+将来时间是将来完成时的标志，表示到将来某一时间为止已经完成了某动作。故选B

10.A船长不愿意交出船的指挥权。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Ahandover：移交，交出；handin：上交；handout：分发；handon：传递。根据句意可知，选A

11.B当我们到达机场时，发现飞机已经起飞了。

［考点］动词时态

【精析】B飞机起飞发生在我们到达机场之前，由于我们到达机场用的是过去时，故空处应用过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。故选B

12.A虽然有雾，船员们仍能很清楚地辨认出海岸线。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Ainspiteof：虽然，不顾，尽管；becauseof：由于，因为；insteadof：代替，而不是；onaccountof：由于，因为。根据句意可知，选A

13.D我们想要委员会做出详细的计划。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Dlookfor:寻找；giveup:放弃；breakdown:出故障；workout:制定出。根据句意可知，选D

14.AAcallfor：要求，需要；callon：号召，请求；callup：打电话给，提出；calloff：取消。根据句意可知，选A

15.B在饭店就餐之后，要向服务员要账单。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Bpay：薪水；bill:账单；charge:要价，收费；note:笔记。根据句意可知，选B

16.A鲍勃做梦也没想到他有机会被提升为公司经理。

［考点］非谓语动词

【精析】Adreamof后应跟动名词，而这里又需要用therebe结构来表示有……。故选A

17.CC句意：宇宙飞船进入太空是为了寻找另一个有生命的行星。词语搭配题。insearchof：寻找，搜查，是固定搭配

18.A他宣布公司已经搬到另一个城市了。

［考点］词义辨析

【精析】Aanother：别的，不同的，另一的，符合题意；others：其他，相当于other+名词，不能作定语；theother：两者中的另一个，常与one连用；oneanother：彼此，互相。根据句意，选A

19.CC句意：工程师试图用几个图示来阐明这一问题。词义辨析。recognize:认出，识别，承认；impress:给予某人深刻印象；illustrate:阐明，举例说明；identify:确认，识别。根据句意，选C

20.C她哥哥现在不可能在家，因为刚刚有人看到他正在体育馆打篮球。

［考点］情态动词

【精析】Cmustn't：禁止，不准；needn't：不必；can't：不可能；shouldn't：不应该。根据句意可知，应选C

21.CK根据空后的名词短语15years可知，空处应填介词。符合要求的选项有C、K。句意：15年来，来自伦敦大学学院的专家们一直在调查超过6,700名英国人的生活方式。故选K。

22.HH分析句子结构可知，空处应填引导词，引导一个定语从句，修饰指人的先行词friends。符合要求的选项只有H。句意：学生在上大学时可以学习并交到将持续一生的朋友。故选H。

23.JA.studied（v.学习，研究）B.continuing（v.继续，持续）C.by（prep.通过）D.who（pron.引导定语从句）E.whose（pron.引导定语从句）F.improve（v.改进，改善）G.truth（n.事实，真相）H.ignored（v.忽视，不予理睬）I.recently（adv.最近，不久前）J.those（pron.那些）K.for（prep.表示一段时间）L.less（adv.更少，较少）J分析句子结构可知，空后的who引导一个定语从句，空处为其先行词，所以空处应填指人的名词或代词。符合要求的选项只有J。those在此处指代上文中的people，此处表达的是“不去（音乐会、演出和博物馆）的那些人”。故选J。

24.E

25.C

26.C

27.A由前一句它相当小可知，空处应该是对这个小城镇的描述。所以选项中Thepopulationisonlyabout50,000.最符合语境。故选A

28.D

29.B

30.D

31.A

32.C

33.A

34.Noonecandenythefactthataperson'seducationisthemostimportantaspectofhislife

35.好的领导者，卓有成效的领导者，善于对人关怀尊重。要得到别人的尊重必须首先尊重别人。领导者对本组织各级人员都表示尊重，对他们的工作、能力、愿望与要求表示关怀，他就会发现别人也会尊重他关怀他。这样，所有相关人员都会被激励起来共同努力

36.CC为……感到自豪应译为beproudof；被……录取应译为beadmittedinto；对……（很）满意应译为be（quite）satisfied/pleasedwith。A项错将对……（很）满意译成了ispleasedto（乐于）；B项错将为……感到自豪译成了ispleasedwith（对……满意）；C项表达贴切，符合题意；D项的两个句子之间缺少连接词。故选C

37.由于美国专业人员没有几个愿到其他地方定居，于是受到教育的人才外流只能扩大富国与穷国间的差距

38.真正要紧的是你学有所用，而不是你学了多少

39.为方便起见，我们可以把讲英语的人分为两类：把英语作为本族语的人归于一类，把英语作为第二语言为了教育、商务等而学习的人归于另一类

40.计算机是如何工作的将在下一堂课上做详细说明

41.缺乏勇气使得这个年轻人难以实现自己的梦想

42.我们数学上的进步都归功于他

43.等你到达伦敦时，我们已经在那里待两个星期了

44.B推理判断题。题干大意为：许多人离开一家公司是因为_______。根据本文第一句话Researchesshowthatmanypeopledonotleaveallorganizationsbutleaveaboss.调查发现，许多人不是离开了这个公司而是离开了一个老板。可推知因为他们不喜欢他们的老板。故选择B

45.C［考点］事实细节题

【精析】C题干的大意是：根据文章，一晚上快速眼动睡眠通常发生几次？根据第一段第二句Thistypeofsleepgenerallyoccursfourorfivetimesduringonenightofsleep…可知，一晚上快速眼动睡眠一般会发生四到五次。故选C

46.C［考点］推理判断题

【精析】C根据表格第一行第一列中的Usingthewonderfulrailwaysystem,weofferanunusualholiday,sportsandastudyprogram.和表格第二行第一列中的MorningclassesareheldinChinese,eveningclassesonAustralianhistoryareinEnglish.可知，BritishStudyTours提供一个在英国的不寻常的假期、运动和学习项目。在SummerinAustralia中，上午有用汉语讲课的课程，晚上有用英语讲课的课程。由此可推知，如果你想要改善你的英语水平的话，可以参加BritishStudyTours和SummerinAustralia。故选C

47.D［考点］事实细节题

【精析】D根据第四段最后一句It'smuchmoreeffectivetolookthroughthematerialatintervalsovertime.可知，分散式练习策略表明隔一段时间复习是最好的方法。故选D

48.A［考点］事实细节题

【精析】A根据第三段Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingabroad…However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantagesforsomestudents…可知，本段主要讨论的是出国留学的优势和劣势。故选A

49.B［考点］推理判断题

【精析】B根据第五段前两句可推知，酒驾是导致年轻人死亡的最主要原因，所以酒精是引发交通事故的罪魁祸首。故选B

50.C［考点］词语理解题

【精析】C题干的大意是：第一段中的b