2023届高考总复习限时规范训练(人教新课标)-选修6-unit-3-Word版含答案

第一部分选修6Unit3Ⅰ.完形填空(2023沈阳东北育才学校高三上学期二模)Therearenooceanwavesinhavetodrivealongwaytogettotheocean.Everysummerweputourstuffandourselvesintothecaranddrive1,000milestoreachVeroOncewegetthere,it'sallabout__1__atthebeach.I'vewantedtobea__2__foralongtime.MymomusedtosurfwhenshelivedinFloridaduringcollege.I__3__mymomtoletmesurf,andshepromisedtofindasurfing__4__forme.Hefoundmeinstead.Onedaywhenmymomwastakinganoldsurfboardtoasurfshopfor__5__，asurfer__6__thedooropenforherandhelpedhercarrytheboardinside.Theystarted__7__andshelearnedhe'sasurfing__8__.Mymomaskedhimifhehadany__9__workingwithpeoplewithdisabilities.Hedidandtoldherhewouldlovetoworkwithme.That'showI__10__myfriend,CoachBillBolton,in2023.FirstCoachBilltaughtmethepop­up.IhadsomuchfunsurfingwithCoachBillin2023,__11__Ididn'tmakeitto__12__ontheboard.WhenwewenttoFloridathissummer,Ihadmoresurfing__13__withCoachBill.Weworkedhardonthesandandinthewater.Onourthirddaytogetherwe__14__oursurfboardsoutpastasandbarwheresmallwaveswere__15__.Icameclosetostandingeachtime,andonthelast__16__ofthedayIgotuponmyfeetandstayedup!Iwasso__17__！SowasCoachBill.Wewenttothesamesurfingspotthenextday.Guesswhat!I__18__somanytimesandrodewaveafterwave.CoachBillcalledmea“surfgoddess”．Itwasoneofthe__19__daysever!Ihopemystory__20__youtogosurfingortotrysomethingnew.Iknowyoucandoit.() B．failureC．trial D．sunlight() B．riderC．surfer D．player() B．encouragedC．told D．begged() B．coachC．adviser D．driver() B．moneyC．repair D．advice() B．keptC．let D．made() B．laughingC．walking D．talking() B．loverC．instructor D．guard() B．interestC．record D．experience() B．hiredC．thanked D．rewarded() B．soC．and D．but() B．floatingC．standing D．moving() B．pleasureC．skills D．tasks() B．tookC．removed D．threw() B．breakingC．rising D．floating() B．waveC．try D．part() B．shockedC．joy D．frightened()down B．failedC．acted D．gotup() B．greatestC．hardest D．fastest() B．pushesC．leads D．influences【主旨大意】作者一家每年都去佛罗里达的维罗海滩去度假。她一直想学冲浪。一天，妈妈去修冲浪板，偶然遇到了一位冲浪教练BillBolton。在他的指导下，他不断进步，在第二个夏天终于学会了冲浪。作者无比快乐，并用自己的故事来激励别人。1．【答案】A【解析】句意：一旦到达那儿，我们在海滩玩得特别高兴。fun意为“高兴，乐趣”；failure“失败”；tria“l试验，审讯”；sunlight“阳光”。2．【答案】C【解析】句意：很久以来，我一直想成为一名冲浪者。swimmer“游泳者”；rider“骑手”；surfer“冲浪者”；player“运动员”。3．【答案】D【解析】句意：我央求妈妈允许我学习冲浪。remind意为“提醒”；encourage“鼓励”；beg“央求”。4．【答案】B【解析】句意：妈妈答应给找一位冲浪教练。fellow意为“伙伴；同事”；coach“教练”；adviser“顾问”。5．【答案】C【解析】句意：妈妈带着冲浪板去修理。exhibition意为“展览”；repair“修理”；advice“建议”。6．【答案】A【解析】句意：一位冲浪者扶住门(holdthedoor)，帮妈妈把冲浪板搬进来。7．【答案】D【解析】句意：他们攀谈起来。8．【答案】C【解析】句意：(妈妈)得知他是一位冲浪教练。lover意为“爱好者”；instructor“指导者”；guard“守卫；警卫”。9．【答案】D【解析】句意：妈妈问他是否有跟残疾人打交道的经验。trouble意为“麻烦”；interest“兴趣”；record“记录”；experience“经验”。10．【答案】A【解析】句意：这就是我认识我的朋友BillBolton的经过。meet意为“遇到”；hire“雇佣”；thank“感谢”；reward“回报；报答”。11．【答案】D【解析】句意：2023年我和BillBolton一起冲浪玩得很高兴，可是我没有成功地站到冲浪板上。however意为“可是(后面常用逗号)”；but“可是(后面一般不用逗号)”。12．【答案】C【解析】句意：同上句。lie意为“躺；位于”；float“漂浮”；stand“站立”；move“移动”。13．【答案】A【解析】句意：今年夏天去佛罗里达的时候，我跟随BillBolton上了更多的冲浪课。lesson意为“课，教训”；pleasure“快乐”；skill“技巧”；task“任务”。14．【答案】B【解析】句意：一天，我们带着冲浪板经过一个小沙洲，那里浪花四溅。pickout意为“挑出，选出”；takeout“拿出”；removeout“移出，搬走”；throwout“扔出”。15．【答案】B【解析】句意：同上句。falling意为“下落的”；breaking“溅散的”；rising“上升的，上涨的”；floating“漂浮的”。16．【答案】C【解析】句意：最后一次尝试的时候，我站上了冲浪板。minute意为“分钟，片刻”；wave“波浪”；try“尝试，努力”；part“部分；角色”。17．【答案】A【解析】句意：我是多么高兴。happy意为“高兴的”；shocked“震惊的”；joy“(名词)高兴”；frightened“害怕的”。18．【答案】D【解析】句意：我站起来好多次，一个波浪一个波浪地冲过去。falldown意为“跌倒”；fail“失败”；act“行动”；getup“起来”。19．【答案】B【解析】句意：那是我最棒的一天。longest意为“最长的”；greatest“最伟大的”；hardest“最困难的”；fastest“最快的”。20．【答案】A【解析】句意：我希望我的故事也能激励你去冲浪或尝试新的东西。inspire意为“激发；鼓舞”；push“推”；lead“带领”；influence“影响”。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2023福建，E)Groupexerciseisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoimprovephysicalfitnessandsustain(保持)ahealthylifestyle.Groupexerciseischallenging,yetfunandempowering!Ofcourseeveryoneknowsthatexerciseisgoodforthebody.However,studieshaveshownthatwhenexerciseisperformedingroups,it'snotonlygreatforimprovingphysicalhealthbutforpsychologicalhealth.It'sanopportunitytobesocial,releaseendorphins(内啡肽),andimproveyourstrength.Additionally,groupexercisecreatesacommunityfeelandthesharedcommongoalmotivatesparticipantstoworkhard.Theinstrumentalsupportoftakingonafitnessjourneywithothersprovesmoreeffectivethangoingtothegymalone.Anotherbeneficialaspectofgroupexerciseistheinformationalsupportparticipantsreceivefromtheinstructor.Manypeoplefearthegymbecausetheyfeellostanddon'twanttoembarrassthemselves.Ifyoufeelyoucanrelate,thengrouptrainingisanevenbetteroptionforyou.It'sagreatopportunitytolearnmoreaboutfitnessthroughtheclearinstructionandsupervision(监管)ofafitnessinstructor.Ifyou'retiredofwanderingaroundthegymwastingtimeandbecomingbored,youcanattendanupbeatgroupfitnessclassthat'llkeepyourworkoutontrack.Don'tletfitnessfrightenyou!Ifyou'reseriousaboutwantingtoliveahealthylifestyle,it'sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport.Iwouldn'tscoldanyonefordecidingtopartyonweekendsandinturnIwouldn'texpectanyonetogiveoffensetomeforfocusingonmyhealth.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhouplift,encourageandunderstandyou!Makefitnessevenmorefunbytryingsomethingneworanygroupfitnessclass,withafriend.Plantogoforajogtogether.Thentryafunhealthyrestaurantorfreshjuicebar!Fitnesscanbebothfunandsocial!Surroundingyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwithrespectandsupportcanbeverybeneficialwhileworkingtowardsreachinghealthandfitnessgoals.First,decidetodoitforyourselfandworktowardsstayingpositive.Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.Don'tletnegativityruinyourmotivation.()1.Theunderlinedword“upbeat”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．cheerful B．averageC．serious D．temporary()2.Whenitcomestoemotionalsupport,theauthorthinksitnecessary________.A．tosustainacolorfullifestyleB．topartyonweekendswithpositivepeopleC．totryafunhealthyrestaurantregularlyD．tosurroundyourselfwithsupportivepeople()3.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SeekingSupportB．SupportingHealthC．ImprovingYourStrengthD．BuildingUpFitness【主旨大意】本文介绍团队锻炼在健身和保持健康生活方式方面的益处。1．【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据本句中的“bored”与“keepyourworkoutontrack”可知，upbeat意思与cheerful相近，意为“快乐的；积极向上的”。故选A项。2．【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段首句中的“…it'sextremelyimportanttosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewho'llprovideyouwiththeproperemotionalsupport”可知，让能为你提供合适的情感支持的人在你周围非常重要，故选D项。3．【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。综合全文可知，文章介绍“团队锻炼在健身中的积极作用”，因此B项“辅助性的健康(运动)”概括得最全面。B(2023湖南师大附中高三上学期第三次月考，D)Oneinfivepeoplecarrya‘smartgene’variant(变体)linkedtolonglifespan,biggerforebrainandenhancedmentalability,researchershavefound.“We'veknownforalongtimethatpeoplelosecognitive(认知)abilitiesastheyage,butnowwe'rebeginningtounderstandthatfactorslikeKLOTHOcangivepeopleaboostinaging.GeneticvariationinKLOTHOcouldhelpuspredictbrainhealthandfindwaystoprotectpeoplefromthediseasesthathappentousaswegrowold,likeAlzheimer'sdisease(老年痴呆症)，”saidseniorauthor,DenaDubalofUniversityofCalifornia.TheKLOTHOgeneaffectsaproteinfoundinthekidneysandthebrainthatregulatesmanydifferentbodyprocesses.Aboutoneinfivepeoplecarryasinglecopyofthevarian,knownasKL­VS，whichboostslevelsoftheproteinandisassociatedwithalongerlifespanandimprovedheartandkidneyfunction.Asmallminority,3%ofthepopulation,hastwocopies,whichislinkedtoashorterlifespan.Inthenewstudyscientistsscannedthebrainsof422menandwomenaged53andoverwhowerealsotestedfortheKLOTHOgene.TheyfoundthatparticipantswithasinglecopyofthegenevariantalsohadalargerbrainregionknownasRDLPFC,whichisespeciallylikelytoshrinkwithage.Lossofneuronsinthisareamaybeonereasonwhyolderpeoplearesometimeseasilydistractedandfinditdifficulttodomorethanonetaskatthesametime.ResearcherDrJenniferYokoyamasaid,“ThebrainregionenhancedbygeneticvariationinKLOTHOisvulnerable(脆弱的)inagingandsomementaldisease.Inthiscase,biggersizemeansbetterfunction.ItwillbeimportanttodeterminewhetherthestructureincreaseassociatedwithcarryingonecopyofKL­VScanoffsetthecognitiveshortagecausedbydisease.”PeoplewhohaveonecopyofavariantKL­VStendtolivelongerandhavelowerchancesofsufferingastroke(中风)，whereaspeoplewhohavetwocopiesmayliveshorterlivesandhaveahigherriskofstroke.()4.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A．People'scognitiveabilitiesdonotdeclineifpeoplehaveKLOTHO.B．WiththeclearunderstandingofKLOTHO,Alzheimer'sdiseasecanbecurednow.C．GeneticvariationinKLOTHOcouldbehelpfulintreatingmentaldiseaseinelderlypeople.D．GeneticvariationinKLOTHOcouldleadpeopletosufferfromAlzheimer'sdisease.()5.Ifapersoncarriestwocopiesofthegenevariant,he/shemay________.A．havebetterkidneyfunctionB．haveashorterlifespanC．haveahigherleveloftheproteininhis/herbodyD．sufferfromsomecognitivedisease()6.Thereasonwhyolderpeople'sattentioniseasilydistractedmaybethat________.A．theyhavefewerneuronsintheRDLPECB．theirbrainregionistoolargeC．theyhavetwocopiesofthegenevariantD．theyhavemoreneuronsintheRDLPEC()7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Prevent. B．Balance.C．Keep. D．Promote.【主旨大意】研究发现有五分之一的人携带有与长寿、较大前脑和更强的心智能力的“聪明基因”的变体。本文研究了KLOTHO中变体与人衰老和精神疾病的关系：大脑区域越大，功能越强。4．【答案】C【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段“GeneticvariationinKLOTHOcouldhelpuspredictbrainhealthandfindwaystoprotectpeoplefromthediseasesthathappentousaswegrowold,likeAlzheimer'sdisease(老年痴呆症)”可以推知KLOTHO中的基因变体对于预防和治疗老年人疾病的意义。可以得知选项C符合题意。5．【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Asmallminority,3%ofthepopulation,hastwocopies,whichislinkedtoashorterlifespan”可以得知选项B符合题意。6．【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Lossofneuronsinthisareamaybeonereasonwhyolderpeoplearesometimeseasilydistractedandfinditdifficulttodomorethanonetaskatthesametime”可以推知RDLPEC中神经元的损失会导致人注意力分散和很难在同一时间做多个任务，可以得知选项A符合题意。7．【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段上下文可以得知在KLOTHO中由于基因变体增大的大脑区域很容易衰退或产生精神疾病，所以较大的大脑区域功能更强。携带KL­VS一副与大脑结构是否增加对于平衡由疾病导致的认知确实很重要。可以得知选项B符合题意。Ⅲ.语法填空(2023陕西西安第七十中学11月检测)Untilabout150yearsago,themostimportant,expensiveandrenownedkindofpaintingwaslarge­scalepicturesthattoldastory,regardedasthe1.__________(hard)challengeforanartist.2.__________(choose)suitablesubjects,artistshadtobewell­read.Thentheyhadtoknow3.__________storiescouldbetoldwithoutwords,usingonlygesturesandexpressions.Tocreatelifelikescenes,theyhadtounderstandperspective,lightingandanatomy.Sohistorypaintingneededalotofthoughtand_4.________.(imagine)．Large­scalepicturesusedtobereservedforgrandreligiousorpatrioticsubjects,butthatchangedinthe19thcentury,asartistsbegancreatinghistorypaintingsbased5.__________contemporarynewsstories.OneofthefirstofthesewasTheRaftoftheMedusa,inspiredbythewreckof6.__________Frenchshipin1816,whichshowedhowartcouldhaveapowerfulpoliticalimpact.Itpresentsascene_7.__________thesurvivorsofthewreckonaraftlitteredwithbodiestrytosignaltoadistantship.Whenthey8.__________(rescue),theytoldhowtheyhadbeenabandonedbytheircaptain,whilehesailedtosafetyinalifeboat.Starving,theyhadtoeateachothertosurvive—thoughthispicture